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INTRODUCTION
A. Burgundy has enjoyed a historic popularity but it has also meant that its namehas been abused around the world with generic wines bearing the sameregional names on the labels.a. Worst amongst these is the usage of Burgundy and Chablis on labels butbearing no resemblance of the wines from the region or grape varietiesused to make the wines.
 B.
Although the
Côtes-d’Or
wines are the most glamorous there are winesproduced in four
départments
of France:
Yonne, Côte-d’Or, Saône-et-Loire
and
Rhône
.
 
C. The wine districts of Burgundy are:a. Chablis (Yonne)b. Côtes de Nuits (Côte-d’Or)c. Hautes Côtes de Nuits (Côte-d’Or)d. Côte de Beaune (Côte-d’Or)e. Hautes Côte de Beaune (Côte-d’Or)f. Côte Chalonnaise or Région de Mercurey (Saône-et-Loire)g. Côte Mâconnaise (Saône-et-Loire)h. Beaujolais (Rhône)D. Wines need to meet the criteria of the
 INAO
(
 Institut National des Appellations d’Origine
)E. Quality wines are sold under the name of the
climat 
(vineyard), commune (ex.Nuits St. George), or under the name of the district AC (Mâcon).a. Wines of less quality may be classified as AC Vin de Bourgogne orBourgogne Grand Ordinaire, both of which are regional ACs.b. Other ACs are:i. AC Bourgogne Passetoutgrains (red and rosé, 9.5% min. alcoholby volume), a blend of minimum of one-third Pinot Noir and therest Gamayii. AC Bourgogne Aligoté (white, 9.5% min. alcohol by volume),made from the Aligoté grape with up to 15% Chardonnaypermitted.
BASIC GEOGRAPHY
 
The Burgundian Terrior – Climate and SoilA Mother Rock in principal composed of :
Hard limestoneMarlLimestone and fossilsFriable limestone, clay or schist,hard limestoneSandy limestone
RELATIVE POSITIONS OF THE DIFFERENT APPELLATIONSELATIVE POSITIONS OF THE DIFFERENT APPELLATIONS
COMMUNALAPPELLATIONSREGIONALAPPELLATIONSBoundary ofthe vinegrowing areaWOODLAND OR SCRUBBoundary of thevine growingareaPREMIERS CRUSGRANDS CRUS
 
•
Marn – limestone and silice from Chablis to the Northern part of Mâconnais
-
Chablis
– extremely calcareous soil mixed in with clay and known as
Kimmeridgian
is probably the single most important factor contributing tothe quality of the wines from this region. One grape permitted(Chardonnay)
•
Chardonnay planted in predominately calcareous clayey soils
•
Pinot Noir planted in more limy marl (however growers tend to plant whateverthey can sell most profitably,ergo Charonnay is gradually replacing Pinot Noir inChassagne-Montrachet).
•
Granite with schiste and sand in Beaujolais (Gamay – Aligoté) and Southern partof Mâconnais
•
Complex and varied soil with a northern continental climate. Fortunately mostvineyards lie on the eastern fringe of the Massif Central, which acts as naturalprotective.
-
Sometimes harsh winters (can more severe than Bordeaux) and hotsummers
-
Eastern exposure in most vineyards, which allows grapes to maturequickly
-
Rainfall is less than Bordeaux
(650 mm average in Dijon vs. 890 mmaverage in Bordeaux)
-
Natural climatic hazards include
 
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