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Introduction to WineVarietals
Sauvignon BlancChardonnayPinot NoirCabernet SauvignonTouriga Nacional (Port)
 
What is a Varietal?
A varietal is a sub-species of grapeCommon varietals include the big 4 SauvignonBlanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and CabernetSauvignon, among othersAn estimated 8,000 varietals exist; only a fewdozen are considered worthy of being used forwineWinemaking varietals are typically from theEurasian species
Vitis Vinifera 
, also known as“noble varieties”
 
New world vs. Old world
New World” wines are typicallylabeled by the varietal name;Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay,Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignonetc. – 
USA, Oceania, SouthAfrica, South America, etc.
Old Worldwines aredesignated and classified bygeographic location and region –Bordeaux (France), Chianti(Italy) and Rioja (Spain)
 American winenamed for thegrape varietalChardonnayFrench Bordeaux madepredominately from thevarietal Merlot butnamed for the regionPomerol
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