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1.(a)Sense the analog, compute using analog, output analog.(b)Sense the analog, convert to digital, compute digitally, convert to analog, output analog.(c)Sense the analog, convert to digital, compute digitally, output digitally.(d)Sense digitally, compute digitally, output digitally.2.(a)vary smoothly, then change abruptly to new values.(b)consist of codes of high-level and low-level signals.(c)vary smoothly continuously.(d)have periods of high-level and low-level signals, then change to continuous signals.3.(a)vary smoothly, then change abruptly to new values.(b)consist of codes of high-level and low-level signals.(c)vary smoothly continuously.(d)have periods of high-level and low-level signals, then change to continuous signals.4.(a)the human world and the electronic world.(b)the wholesale world and the retail world.(c)the private business world and the government business world.(d)the analog world and the digital world.(e)a and d above.(f)none of the above.5.(a)not analogous to the original quantity.(b)are not a copy of the original quantity in another form.(c)are output in digital form.(d)are a copy of the analog physical quantity in another form.A new design technique available to analog system designers is:Analog quantities:Digital signals:Electronic system designers must interface between:In analog electronic systems, analog quantities are:
Analog and Digital Electronics
 
6.(a)have two discrete levels—1 or 0, high level or low level.(b)have three or more discrete levels.(c)have a level that varies continuously with time.(d)have binary digits, or bits for short.(e)none of the above.(f)d and a above.7.(a)weighted digit positions that vary randomly.(b)weighted digit positions varying by powers of 10.(c)weighted digit positions varying by powers of 2.(d)weighted digit positions that remain constant at one value.8.(a)weighted digit positions that vary randomly.(b)weighted digit positions varying by powers of 10.(c)weighted digit positions varying by powers of 2.(d)weighted digit positions that remain constant at one value.9.(a)digital and analog.(b)analog and digital.(c)digital.(d)analog.10.(a)using combinations of binary digits in codes.(b)using more bits in its binary codes as the quantity value increases.(c)using more bits in its binary code as more accuracy is required.(d)using binary codes with just two levels – 1 or 0, high level or low level.(e)none of the above.(f)all of the above.11.(a)usually have slow response and less than high accuracy.(b)can be maintained at very high accuracy at very high computing speeds.(c)are impossible to compute.(d)either have slow response or very high accuracy.12.(a)usually have slow response and less than high accuracy.(b)can be maintained at very high accuracy at very high computing speeds.(c)are impossible to compute.Binary digital systems:Decimal numbering systems have:Decimal numbering systems have:Physical quantities in the human world are typically:Digital systems represent quantities:Analog quantities:Digital quantities:
 
(d)either have slow response or very high accuracy.13.(a)Sense, compute digitally, convert to analog.(b)compute as analog, sense, convert to digital.(c)convert to digital, sense, condition to analog.(d)sense, condition, convert to digital.14.(a)computes analog quantities in nature.(b)separates out analog quantities into different categories.(c)changes quantities in nature to electrical signals.(d)detects analog quantities by their magnitude.15.(a)means that the signals are being exercised.(b)means that some characteristic of the signal is being changed.(c)means that the input signal may be increased or decreased in amplitude, filtered or itsimpedance changed.(d)means that nothing is done to the input signal.(e)b and c above.(f)a and d above.16.(a)outputs a digital signal in serial form.(b)outputs an analog signal in stair-step form.(c)outputs a smooth and continuous analog signal.(d)outputs one digital code after another.17.(a)a serial digital code string.(b)a parallel digital code stream.(c)a real-world quantity.(d)always a meter reading.18.(a)a parallel transfer of digital codes.(b)an analog signal of suitable amplitude.(c)an analog signal of discrete values.(d)a serial transfer of digital codes.(e)a and d above.(f)b and c above.19.(a)all bits of a digital code are transferred at the same time.The basic functions for A-to-D (analog-to-digital) conversions are:Sensing:Conditioning signals:A digital-to-analog converter:The output of the digital-to-analog chain is:An input to a digital-to-analog converter may be:In a parallel transfer of bits:
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