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SPARKS
 Voices of Dalit Women
April2008
1
Vol. 2 No. 2
Editorial Collective
Cynthia StephenDr. Ajita Rao
Layout & Design
Ranjit T.
INSIGHT FOUNDATION109/2, Gautam Nagar,New Delhi-110049
www.insightfoundation.org
Dear Readers, Greetings on 117th Birth Anniversary of our leader Dr. BhimraoAmbedkar!The first edition of Sparks was received with greatest enthusiasm. Itwas really encouraging to see your mails and receive your congratula-tory phone calls.We have been really eager to bring this second edition to you, albeita little late. But we hope you will find that the wait was worth it! Weknow you will all be happy to receive and read this newsletter, whichcelebrates, commemorates, and hopes to further the struggles of Dalitand Adivasis women young and old.We celebrated the International Women’s Day last month. But didyou know that it really commemorates the struggles of women gar-ment workers who struck work one cold day in Chicago for the rightto work for 8 hours a day? They were required to work 12 hours! Buttoday the Day is seen as a celebration, not a struggle.But we as workers, as daughters of workers, as sisters, need to keepbefore us the lives and sacrifices of our foremothers in the strugglesfor justice and equality. WE must tell their stories, and retell them sothat they will continue to inspire and challenge us. So this time wehave collected some interesting stories of achievements, and hope youwill find them as inspiring as we did!That brings me to the next point – since you love to read this littlenewsletter, don’t you wish more people – who do not have access toEnglish – also read it? Can you help to make this available to morewomen? Are there any volunteers among you who would like to helpus translate this newsletter into Hindi, so that Hindi readers can ben-efit?And yes.. we need you to keep writing in, let us know more aboutwhat you want to see.. there were many mails in appreciation of thepoems carried in the first edition. There are two more this time.We are eager to get your poems and stories.Editorial Collective
 
K
inkri Devi, an illiterate and impoverished woman who wageda long and at least partly successful fight against illegal min-ing and quarrying in the mountainous northern Indian state of Himachal Pradesh, died on Dec.30 in Chandigarh, India. Shewas 82. She is survived by a son and 12 grandchildren.Devi was born into a poor Dalit family in the village of Ghatonin 1925. Her father was a subsistence farmer. That she camefrom a low caste made her struggle against powerful and politi-cally connected mining interests all the more remarkable.With no hope of an education, she began working as a servant in earlychildhood and, at 14, married Shamu Ram, a bonded laborer. He died of typhoid when she was just 22, and she was forced to become a sweeper.Over the years, she watched the world around her change for the worse.Uncontrolled quarrying despoiled the fabled hills in many parts of Himachal Pradesh, harming the water supply and destroying once-rich paddy fields. Seeing the damage in her own district, she vowed totake on the mining interests. Backed by People’s Action for People inNeed, a local volunteer group, Devi filed a public interest lawsuit inthe High Court of Shimla, the state capital, against 48 mine owners,accusing them of reckless limestone quarrying. The quarry owners dis-missed her campaign, saying she was only trying to blackmail them.After a long period with no response to her suit, she headed forShimla and staged a 19-day hunger strike outside the court un-til it agreed to take up the issue. The strike won Devi nationaland international headlines. In 1987, the High Court not only or-dered a stay on mining but also imposed a blanket ban on blast-ing in the hills. Faced with the prospect of closing their operations,her opponents threatened to kill her, but she continued to fight.The mine owners appealed to the Supreme Court of India, which ruledagainst them in July 1995, adding to Devi’s renown. Despite Devi’s ef-forts and the Supreme Court ruling, quarrying continues not only in thehills but also in the forest preserves, though with some improved regula-tion. Devi, who could neither read nor write and learned to sign her name just a few years ago, also waged a long campaign for opening a degree-granting college in Sangrah, the village where she spent most of her life.
RememberingKinkri Devi
Obituary
Kinkri Devi, 82, battled il-legal mining in India
by Haresh Pandya (New York Times)
 
Kinkri Deviwas born into apoor Dalit fam-ily in the villageof Ghaton in1925. Her fa-ther was a sub-sistence farmer.That she camefrom a lowcaste made herstruggle againstpowerful andpolitically con-nected mininginterests all themore remark-able.
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April 2008 Sparks
 
Dear Mr Tikait,You have been described by many asa great leader of the farmers. Leaders,great or not, we believe, must set thestandards of civilised conduct, notviolate them. Unfortunately, your re-cent public behaviour not only showsthat you do not have basic manners;you are also a coward. You do noteven have the courage to accept amistake and apologise sincerely for it.From a public forum, where presum-ably hundreds, if not thousands musthave heard you, you openly made acasteist remark against Mayawati,the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.This was a show of utter disrespectand contempt to the chair of theChief Minister thatshe occupies, be-cause by popularvote, people havechosen her to leadthe state govern-ment, you should have shownrespect to the office she holds un-der the Constitution of India.Then when you realised that the lawyou had broken, would be actually en-forced against you, you tried to coverit up with the explanation that it wasa mere slip of the tongue. You saidthat you only used language that eve-rybody uses commonly in the villages.We have always known that such lan-guage is used commonly against Dal-its who are treated as if they deserveno dignity. Thank you for puttingthat on record, that people abuseDalits in your villages, commonly andthere is nothing unusual about it.But you Mr Tikait, should askyour followers to stop using de-rogatory language, show respectto all human beings, to show peo-ple that the only way to win anargument is to use reason andlogic, not hurl abuses at people? Wethink you failed on that count.When it became clear that you wouldbe arrested and your supporters sur-rounded the village, Sisauli, did youask them to not use violence or allowthe police to come and arrest you?Gangsters, Mr Tikait, are expected tobehave in this fashion, openly defyingthe law. You, Mr Tikait have disre-garded the law and law enforcers. Wefound you failing on this count too.When it became clear that the statewould not bow to any pressure,you changed tactics. In a statementprojected as your belated apologyyou said, that you are sorry if youhurt someone’s sentiments. In thiscountry Mr Tikait, even logic andreason sometimes hurt people’ssentiments. Mayawati had not saidthat you should apologise becauseyou hurt her ‘sentiment’. That is notthe charge against you. This is not amatter of sentiment but of display-ing contempt for a particular sectionof people, that you have yourself saidis quite common in your villages.Mr Tikait, come on, own up yourmistake. Wasn’t it your intentionto insult and humiliate the Chief Minister because she is a woman,and she belongs to the Dalit com-munity? You have not expressedany remorse, regret or feeling of shame for your intention. You havenot examined your conscience.It is obvious that you think throw-ing her caste origins on her face isnot criminal, derogatory or evenuncivilised. Why would one whoclaims to be a leader, abuse anotherleader, who with sheer hard work,grit and determination has achievedthe confidence of the people andrisen to hold powerful positions inthe polity of the nation? The onlyexplanation, which we get, is that youare caste-biased and gender-biased.The fact, that a woman, and thattoo a Dalit woman is holding a highposition, did not go down well withyour casteist and patriarchal outlook.Your supporters have said in yourdefence, that Mayawati too used theslogan ‘tilak tarazu aur talwar, sabkomaro jute chaar’, and that is equallyderogatory. Allow us to point outMr. Tikait, that the slogan was nottargeted against any person. It alsodid not name any community or Con-stitutional office. “Tilak, Tarazu andTalwar,” are symbols of a hierarchicalsystem in which castes are ascribedcertain duties. Mayawati was notabusing any person with that slogan;she was seeking the demolition of anabhorrent system. The slogan wasa voice seeking justice, againstcaste oppression.You have beencalled a greatleader Mr Tikait.We think this greatness has been mis-takenly thrust upon you. In fact eventhe term ‘leader’ is a misnomer in yourcase for you are just the head of anarrow-minded caste Panchayat, nota leader with a wide appeal cuttingacross all castes and sections, whichis what a great leader is and shouldbe. You are the head of just a castePanchayat Mr Tikait. That is why youhave not been able to break the tradi-tional mould of hurling caste abusesand open display of total insensitiv-ity to the sense of dignity of people.We demand an unqualified apol-ogy from you for your uncon-stitutional, unlawful behaviourand above all, for lacking a con-science and sensitivity towardsthe excluded section of society.Sd/-
Anjali DespandeDr. Ajita Rao
An open letter to Tikait
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April 2008 Sparks
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