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Sola Scriptura Bible Studies
The Lord’s Supper
This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.
-1 Corinthians 9:25
The Lord’s SupperI.IntroductionII.ScripturesIII.SynthesisIV.Discussion QuestionsV.References
Sola Scriptura
Sola Scriptura, Latin for
 ‘by Scripture alone’,
is the belief thattheHoly Bibleis complete, supernaturally inspired, andwithout error in the original manuscripts. It holds that God’sWord is sufficient for all areasof life -whether historical,scientific, theological or practical.Sola Scriptura affirms that all beliefsor doctrinesmust comefrom Scripture alone. Beliefs or doctrinesthat are not directlyor logically found in Scripture must be questioned and thosethat are found to oppose Scripture must be discarded. WhileChristian history and tradition are important to the faith theymust always be secondary to God’s Holy Word.Sola Scriptura states that one discovers the originally intendedmeaning of the text by studying the Scriptures in context andallowing Scripture to interpret Scripture.Sola Scriptura Bible Studies attempt to take God’s Word atface value and allow Scripture to interpret Scripture. It isvitally important that Christians allow the Scriptures todetermine their beliefs and actions rather than searching fortheir beliefs and actions in Scripture. May God draw you intoHis glorious and marvelous presence as you Study God’s Wordwith the divine guidance of the Holy Spirit!
 
I. Introduction
The Lord’s Supper has been practiced by the church since the nightof Christ’s Last Supperalmost 2000 years ago. It is one of themost sacred traditions in the church and will continue to be so untilChrist’s return.This topical studytakes an in-depth look at the seven passagesthroughout the New Testament that reference the Lord’s Supper.
Section III
includesthe seven Scripture passages along withcorresponding Greek word studies and general observationsfromthe text.
Section IV
is a synthesis of the seven passages andattempts to lay out a basic outline of the Lord’s Supper aspracticed in the New Testament. Finally,
Section V
includesdiscussion questions for group or individual study.As you proceed through this study, you will no doubt bechallenged. Oftentimesthe traditional partaking of the Lord’sSupperas we know it today is markedly different from the earlychurch’s partaking of the Lord’s Supper. The two questions to keepin the forefront of your mind throughout this study are,
 “How doesChrist desire for me to partake of the Lord’s Supper?” 
and
 “Whydoes Christ desire for me to partake of theLord’s Supper?” 
Beforeproceeding, take a moment and answer the following question,
 “Does Scripture determine my beliefs and actionsor do I find mybeliefs and actionsin Scripture?” 
To help answer that question,read the following quotes from Watchman Nee and Elizabeth Elliot.
 “Acts is the ‘genesis’ of the church’s history, and the Church in the time of Paul is the ‘genesis’ of the Spirit’s work . . . We must return to ‘thebeginning.’Only what God has set forth as our example in the beginning isthe eternal Will of God.It is the Divine standard and our pattern for alltime . . . God has revealed His Will, not only by giving orders, but byhaving certain things done in His church, so that in the ages to comeothers might simply look at the pattern and know His will.” 
1
 “The pivot point hangs on whether or not God has revealed a universalpattern for the church in the New Testament. If He has not, then anythingwill do so long as it works.But I am convinced that nothingso dear to theheart of Christ as His Bride should be left without explicit instructions as toher corporate conduct.I am further convinced that the 20th century has inno way simulated this pattern in its method of‘churching’ a community . .. it is incumbent upon me, if God has a pattern for the church, to find andestablish that pattern, at all costs.” 
2
 
1
Nee,
The Church and the Work,
8-9.
2
Elliot, Shadow of the Almighty, 138-139.
II. Scriptures
Matthew 26:26-29
26
Now as they were eating
[esthio]
, Jesus took bread, andafter blessing
[eulogeo]
it broke
[klao]
it and gave it to thedisciples, and said,"Take, eat; this is my body."
27
And hetook a cup, and when he had given thanks
[eucharisteo]
hegave it to them, saying,"Drink of it, all of you,
28
for this ismy blood of the covenant
[diatheke]
, which is poured outfor many for the forgiveness of sins.
29
I tell you I will notdrink again of this fruit of the vine until [heos] that daywhen I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom."
30
Andwhen they had sung a hymn[humeo],they went out totheMount of Olives.
3
Observations
Jesus instituted the Lord’s Supper as they were eating ameal–more specifically one of the Jewish Feasts called
3
All Greek definitions come from the
Key Word Study Bible
or the
 New Testament Greek Lexicon
Greek Word StudyEulogeo
(yoo-log-eh'-o)
to celebrate with praises; to askGod’s blessing on a thing; to invoke blessings; to speak well of 
Esthio
(
es-thee'-o)
to take food; eat a meal; to devour,consume
Klao
(klah’-o)
to break; the body of Christ broken on thecross (1 Cor. 11:24
Eucharisteo
(yoo-khar-is-teh'-o)
to be grateful; give thanks
Diatheke
(dee-ath-ay'-kay)
an arrangement; a covenant; atestament
Heos
(
heh'-oce)
till, until
Humneo
(
hoom-neh'-o)
to sing the praise of; sing hymns to
 
the Passover. The Passoverwas an annual feastreminding the Jews of theirdeliverance from theEgyptiansand oftheir future deliverance from their sinswhen the Messiah would come.
The Lord’s Supper commenced in a home.
Jesus said that the cupsymbolized the blood that Hewould shed to initiate a new covenant that would bringforgiveness of sins.
Jesus also prophesied that He would not break breadagain until He could partake of it in the Kingdom of Godwith His disciples.
Praise, thanksgiving,and singingpermeatedthe entireLord’s Supper.
Mark 14:22-26
22
And as they were eating, he took bread, andafterblessingit broke it and gave it to them, andsaid,"Take;this is my body."
23
And he took a cup, andwhen he hadgiven thanks he gave it to them, and they all
[pas]
drank of it.
24
And he said to them,"This is mybloodof thecovenant, which is poured out formany.
25
Truly, Isay to you, I will not drink again of the fruit of the vine untilthat day when I drink it new
[kainos]
in the kingdom of God."
26
And when they had sung a hymn,they went outtothe Mount of Olives.
Observations
All the disciples atefrom one loafof bread and drankfrom one common cup.
When Jesus partakes of the Lord’s Supper again in thekingdom of God it will belike no other time bread hasbeen broken in the name of Jesus.
Luke 22:14-20
14
And when the hour came, hereclined at table, and theapostles with him.
15
And he said to them,"I have earnestlydesired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer.
16
For Itell you I will not eat ituntil it is fulfilled
[pleroo]
in thekingdom of God."
17
And he took a cup, andwhen he hadgiven thanks he said,"Take this, and divide it amongyourselves.
18
For I tell you that from now on I will not drinkof the fruit of the vineuntil the kingdom of Godcomes."
19
And he took bread, andwhen he had giventhanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying,"This is mybody, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance
[anamnesis]
of me
[emos]
."
20
And likewise the cup after
[meta]
they had eaten
[deipneo]
, saying, “Thiscup that ispoured out for you isthe newcovenant in my blood.
Observations
The Lord’s Supper looks forward to a future fulfillmentinthe kingdom of God(Rev. 19:6-10).
The first cup and the bread were passed during the meal(Mark 14:22) and the second cup was passed after theyhad finished eating supper.
Jesus said that the first cup reminds us that He wouldnever again partakeof the Lord’s Supper until thekingdom of God comes.
Greek Word StudyPas
(pas)
the whole, each, every, all
Kainos
(kahee-nos')
new; of a new kind, unprecedented, novel,unheard of 
 
Greek Word StudyPleroo
(
play-ro'-o)
to carry out; bring to realization; to bringto pass; to cause God’s promises to receive fulfillment
Anamnesis
(
an-am'-nay-sis)
a remembrance; a reminder; tocall to mind
Emos
(a-mos)
my; mine
[denotes possession]
Meta
(met-ah’)
with; after
Deipneo
(
dipe-neh'-o
)to dine; eat; supper
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