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Strengthening the humanity and dignity of people in crisis through knowledge and practice
Changing Roles, Shiting Risks:
Livelihood Impacts of Disarmament in Karamoja, Uganda
Elizabeth Stites and Darlington Akabwai
July 2009
Photo: Khristopher Carlson
 
2
Livelihood Impacts o Disarmament in Karamoja, Uganda
E. Stites and D. Akabwai
A
cknowledgements
 
T
he authors greatly appreciate the support and collaboration o Save theChildren in Uganda and the support o the European Union. In particular, wethank Thomas Cole o Save the Children in Uganda or initiating this partnershipand leading this collaboration. We also greatly appreciate the support o GeoreyMugisha, Luc Vanhoorickx, and Richard Odong in Kampala. In Karamoja, VincentAbura Omara oversaw the process o coordinating our research. We also wish tothank Rosemary Oyollo, Michael Mudong, and William Lochodo. The rest o theSave the Children in Uganda team in Kampala and Moroto provided extremelyhelpul eedback in meetings and presentations. We also thank our research assistantand translator, Joshua Kidon, or his hard work. At the Feinstein International Center we thank Rosa Pendenza and Beth O’Leary or managing the nances and AnitaRobbins or helping with logistics. Peter Smith and Elizabeth Bontrager providedcomments on the drat report. Bridget Snow did the desk-top publishing andKhristopher Carlson took the cover photo.
 About the Feinstein International Center 
The Feinstein International Center develops and promotes operational and policyresponses to protect and strengthen the lives and livelihoods o people living incrisis-aected and marginalized communities. The Center works globally in partnershipwith national and international organizations to bring about institutional changesthat enhance eective policy reorm and promote best practice.This report is available online at 
c.tuts.edu
.Elizabeth Stites is a Senior Researcher in Conict and Livelihoods at the FeinsteinInternational Center. She can be reached atelizabeth.stites@tuts.eduDarlington Akabwai is a Senior Researcher and Team Leader or Karamoja. He canbe reached atdakabwai@yahoo.co.uk
 
3
Livelihood Impacts o Disarmament in Karamoja, Uganda
E. Stites and D. Akabwai
t
Able
 
of
c
ontents
 
Acknowledgements
...................................................................................
2About the Feinstein International Center ...................................................2Introduction ......................................................................................................4Methodology .....................................................................................................4Background .......................................................................................................6Livelihoods in Karamoja .............................................................................6 
Manyattas and Kraals
.............................................................................8 Insecurity in Karamoja ...............................................................................9 Disarmament in Karamoja ........................................................................10Findings: Experiences and Perceptions o Disarmament ....................................12Experiences o Disarmament ....................................................................12 Perceptions o Disarmament .....................................................................13Findings: Impacts o Disarmament....................................................................15Impacts o Disarmament on Livelihoods ...................................................15 
Livestock Management 
..........................................................................16 
Food Security and Coping Mechanisms
...................................................18 
Exploitation o Natural Resources
...........................................................19 
Managing Vulnerability
.........................................................................20 
Peace Processes
.....................................................................................25 Impacts o Disarmament on Security ........................................................26 
Insecurity at Kraals and Grazing Areas
...................................................27 
Insecurity at the Manyattas
....................................................................29 
Gender-based Violence 
...........................................................................31Additional Discussion ......................................................................................32 
Women’s Livelihoods and Protection Gaps
...............................................32 
Shits in Male Livelihoods and Identity
...................................................33 
Y oung Boys: Adjusted Roles, New Threats
................................................34Conclusions .....................................................................................................35Recommendations ...........................................................................................36 Livelihoods ..............................................................................................37 
Programming 
.......................................................................................37 
Policy Level 
.........................................................................................38 
 Advocacy
.............................................................................................39 Disarmament ...........................................................................................40 
 Advocacy
.............................................................................................40 
Policy level 
..........................................................................................41 
Programming 
.......................................................................................41Sources .........................................................................................................42 
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