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INTRODUCTION
NEURAL COMPUTER
ABSTRACT
COURSE OF THOUGHT
1. Adaptive learning
2. Self organization
4. FAULT TOLERANCE
i) FIRING RULE
X1: 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
X2: 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
X3: 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
As an example of the way the firing rule is applied, take the pattern
010. It differs from 000 in 1 element, from 001 in 2 elements, from
101 in 3 elements and from 111 in 2 elements. Therefore, the
'nearest' pattern is 000 which belongs in the 0-taught set. Thus the
firing rule requires that the neuron should not fire when the input is
001. On the other hand, 011 is equally distant from two taught
patterns that have different outputs and thus the output stays
undefined (0/1).
By applying the firing in every column the following truth table is
obtained;
X1: 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
X2: 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
X3: 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
When a neuron is not sending a signal, it is "at rest." When a neuron is at rest, the inside of the
neuron is negative relative to the outside. Although the concentrations of the different ions at-
tempt to balance out on both sides of the membrane, they cannot because the cell membrane al-
lows only some ions to pass through channels (ion channels). At rest, potassium ions (K+) can
cross through the membrane easily. Also at rest, chloride ions (Cl-)and sodium ions (Na+) have a
more difficult time crossing. The negatively charged protein molecules (A-) inside the neuron
Action Potential
Action potentials
are caused by an exchange of ions across the neuron membrane. A stimulus first causes sodium
channels to open. Because there are many more sodium ions on the outside, and the inside of the
neuron is negative relative to the outside, sodium ions rush into the neuron. Remember, sodium
has a positive charge, so the neuron becomes more positive and becomes depolarized. It takes
longer for potassium channels to open. When they do open, potassium rushes out of the cell, re-
versing the depolarization. Also at about this time, sodium channels start to close. This causes the
action potential to go back toward -70 mV (a repolarization). The action potential actually goes
past -70 mV (a hyperpolarization) because the potassium channels stay open a bit too long.
Gradually, the ion concentrations go back to resting levels and the cell returns to -70 mV.
In short term memory it act as like as a ram it can success only when we
are in conscious state and longterm memory is act like as a ROM in
computer memory. The entire data is stored in our long term memory that
is the cap[acity of oyr long term memory is unpredictable before the deep
study scientists thought that make long term memory as a memory
element.
And by using this long term memory as according to this idea all data
sends to brain to its long term memory without reading a lesson , without
seeing any visuals and without hearing any audio signals we can send a
data directly to brain. And this can be possible by stimulating neuron by
externally.
This is the set up done for the external stimulation of a bird is Zebra finc
and by stimulating its neuron they produce its sound and it decoded
directly from its brain by brain mapping technique.
Transmission of data to the brain
A data can transfer to the brain with external stimulation and making a
signal corresponding to the data that have to store in the brain. For
making this we have to study each patern of the brain wave patern for
reading, visuals and this can taken by scanning such as MRI eeG ETC..
4. And another thing is that we can forget blindness, dumph and dump
etc..