Shmareilat Tirl Ma Zi

E
&SrmtDvdod&frDZD['D;pfusrf;
bmomNyefol - armfvmemum&Drdk[r®'f,lEGwf(pf)
(rtlyif?{&m0wDwdkif;)
wnf;Nzwfol - armfvmem?rGzfoD?um&D?rdk[r®'f,lpGzf(tqft'D)
ausmif;tkyfq&mMuD; *smart[f tqft'D,[fZDewf tpövmrf
t&ADausmif;
tDrrfod&frDZDocif\ tpövmrfavmuwGif taMumfMum;qHk;
['D;pfusrf;Nzpfonfh
tm;
[Zf&ofa&ScGvf['D;pfarmfvmemZuD&D,m ocifMuD;u
tl&f'lbmomNzifhNyefqdkcJhaom
]]cqGmtdaveA0D}}udkNrefrmbmomNyefonf
&SrmtDvdod&frDZD['D;pfusrf;NrefrmbmomNyef
pOf rmwdum pmrsufESm
1 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\&kyfqif;t*Fgawmf 5
2 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\eAl0ofwHqdyfawmf 17
3 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\OD;acgif;qHawmfrsm; 28
4 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\qHawmfrsm;tm; bD;zD;Ncif; 31
5 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\OD;acgif;0,fqHawmfNzLvmNcif; 33
6 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\apoGmADqHawmfaq;qdk;Ncif; 37
7 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\pl&frm[fxnfhNcif; 39
8 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\0wfpm;qif,ifyHk 41
9 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\pm;0wfaea&; 47
10 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\aNcpGyfawmf
11 ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\etfvikd ;f efzed yfawmf
12 ud,k af wmfNrwf(qG)\vufpyG af wmf
13 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\vufpGyfawmftm;nmbufwGif0wfavh&SdNcif;
14 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\"g;&Snfawmf
15 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\oHcsyftusFD
16 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\oHOD;xkyf
17 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\acgif;aygif;awmf
18 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\vHkcsnfawmf
19 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\oGm;yHkoGm;enf;
20 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\uemhtfacgif;cHt0wf
21 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\xdkifyHkxkid fenf;
22 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\acgif;t;Hkawmf
23 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\acgif;tNyiftNcm;t&mrsm;tay:trSDo[JNyKNcif;
24 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\xrif;oHk;aqmifawmfrlNcif;
25 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\&dkwDrkefY
26 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\[if;vsm
pOf rmwdum pmrsufESm
27 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\pm;aomufonfhtcsdef0dkZlNyKawmfrlNcif;
28 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\pm;aomufNyD;aemuf - rpm;rSDtvQif
&Gwfqdkonfh 'dktmrsm;
29 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\oHk;aqmifawmfrlcJhonfhopfoD;0vHrsm;
30 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\aomufoHk;awmfrlonfht&mrsm;
31 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\aomufoHk;cJhonfhykHpH
32 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\tarT;tBudKifvdrf;awmfrlNcif;
33 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\aNymqdkenf; - aNymqdkyHk
34 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\&,f&TifawmfrlNcif;
35 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\&,f&Tifysuf&,fNyKNcif;
36 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ntcgrdefYacRawmfrlcJhonfhyHkNyifrsm;
37 ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\atAm'ofc0yf
38 ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\usm;&Sef rmZf
39 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ezdvfermZfrsm;tm;tdrfwGif0wfNyKawmfrlNcif;
40 ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\&dZk m[fOykoo f v
D
41 ud,k af wmfNrwf(qG)\au&moftaMumif;
42 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\tdyfcif;ESifhpyfvsOf;ívm&SdonfhqifhNyefcsufrsm;
43 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\usKd iSJUawmfrlNcif;
44 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\pm&dwåtusifhawmfrsm;
45 ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\t&Suo f ud m© awmf
46 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\emrawmfrsm;tcsKdUaom*kPfemrfrsm;
47 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\oufawmftaMumif;
48 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\a0qGmvfuG,fvGefawmfrlNcif;
49 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\arGydkif;qdkif&mu@
50 udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\tm;tdyfrufwGifzl;arQmfNrifrufNcif;
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\&kyfqif;t*Fgawmf
pma&;oltaeESifheADwrefawmfNrwf(qG)\&kyfqif;t*FgawmfESifhywfoufí ['D;pfawmfrsm;tm;
þtcef;u@wGif wifNyvdu k yf gonf/ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ tvSty &kyq f if;t*Fgawmfukd wif
Nyvdu k af yonf/ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ tvSty &kyq f if;t*Fgawmfukd wifNyoifo h avmuf wifNy
&müud, k af wmf\&kyqf if;t*Fgawmftm; a&;qGw J ifNy&efrmS rpGr;f Edik Mf uacs/odaYk omfq[ G mA[fom0
uMuD;rsm;u rdrdwdkY\tpGef;tpESifh 4if;tm; rSwfom;xm;Mu\/
uk&w f Al o D cifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS ]]&pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)\ tvStyudt k Nynft h 0xifay:
atmif NyNcif;rcH&ay/odrYk [kwv f Qif vlrsm;onf ud, k af wmftm; MunfEh ikd pf rG ;f yif &Srd nfr[kwaf cs?
ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ emrfyikd ;f qdik &f m ynma&;tod<u,f0rIwEYkd iS t hf wl &kyyf ikd ;f qdik &f m tvStqif;
o@mefEiS yhf wfoufívnf; tGro ® t f xd ydcYk scMhJ uNcif;omvQi q f [ G mA[fom0uMu;D rsm;\aus;
Zl;awmfwpf&yfyifNzpfacs\/
atrmrfo&d af rhZ(D &[)onf ,if;taMumif;t&mESiphf yfvsO;f í vm&So d nfh ['D;pfawmfrsm;rS ['D;pf
awmfaygi;f ]]av;&m}}udak &G;cs,Nf y;D ,if;pmapmiftm;NyKpv k ukd \f /xdNYk yif ,if;['D;pfawmf(av;&m)
tm; tcef;u@]]ig;q,fhav;}}u@cJGí yxrtcef;wGif ['D;pfawmfaygif;(wpfq,fhav;)
yk'ftm; wifNyvdkufayonf/
(1) [Z&oftewfp(f &aoGU )ocifu trde&Yf cdS o hJ nf/]]&pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)\ t&yftarmif;
rSm tvGeNf rifo h nfvnf;r[kw/f tvGeef rd o hf nfvnf;r[kw/f odaYk wmf ud, k af wmf\t&dyt f armif;
rSm tv,ftvwfwef;pm;Nzpfav\/xdNYk yiftom;a&miftm;Nzifv h nf; xH;k uJo h Ykd vGepf mG NzLpGwíf
vnf;rae?*sKaH &mifuo hJ tYkd vsO;f 0g0if;ívnf; raeay/(odaYk omf vNynf0h ef;\ tvif;a&mifxufyif
ydkrdk0if;í ESvHk;om;udk pGJaqmifapaom tom;a&mifrsKd; &Sdav\/)
ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ qHawmfrmS vH;k 0aumufívnf;raeay/aNzmifíh vnf;raeay/odaYk omfvikd ;f
ozG,x f aeonfh qHawmfNzpf\/oufawmf]]av;q,f}}Nynfo h nft h cgtv’m[ftoQiNf rwfonf
ud, k af wmftm; eAl0ofukd cs;D Nri§ ahf wmfr\l /wzef]]q,f}}ESprf uúm[fNrKd UawmfwiG af eNy;D xdu k mvt
wGi;f ud, k af wmf tay:]]0[D}}Asm'dwaf wmfusa&mufc\hJ /xdrk S r'DemwGi]f ]q,f}}ESpaf eíoufawmf
aNcmufq,fwiG f uG,v f eG af wmfrcl o
hJ nf/xdt k csed u f ud, k af wmf\ OD;acgi;f awmfEiS 'hf g&rD w k qf w d w
f iG f
tarT;trQif ]]q,f}}yifcefYrQvnf; rNzLcJhao;acs/
odrSwfbG,f&m
eADu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)\ t&yftarmif; tv,ftvwfwef;pm;&Sad omfvnf;&Sno f nfb h ufoYkd
,dr;f ,dik af e\/]],if;ef;'fAife}f }tbD[mvm[f tp&So d nfw\ Ykd (&d0g,of)qifNh yefcsuw f iG f 4if;\
&Sif;vif;csufygav\/
['D;pfawmfwiG f vm&So d nfrmS ud,k af wmfNrwf(qG)onf tkypf w k pfpw k iG f &yfaeygu tm;vH;k xuf
t&yfNrifah eonfukd awGU Nrif&\/odaYk omf Nrifrh m;rIonf t&yftarmif;aMumifrh [kwb f J (rdt k ma*s
Zm[f)aMumifo h m Nzpfay\/odrYk mS om ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)ESihf emrfyikd ;f qdik &f mwGif rnforl Q tqift h
wef; Nrifhrm;olr&SdouJhodkY &kyfydkif;qdkif&mwGifvnf; Nrifhrm;onf&Sdonf[lí rxifap&efNzpf\/
ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)]]eAl0of}}&Ny;D aemuf ruúm[fNrKd UwiG (f 10)ESpw f ikd wf ikd af exdik af wmfrcl t hJ aMumif;
vnf; ,if;['D;pfawmfwGif yg&Sdav\/xdkYNyif udk,fawmf\ oufawmf ]]aNcmufq,f}}udkvnf;
wifNyxm;\/odUk aomf þqifNh yefcsuo f nf atmufygqifNh yefcsurf sm;ESihf qefu Y siahf eav\/4if;wdYk
rSm ]]ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)}}ruúm[fNrKd UawmfwiG ]f ]wpfq,fo h ;kH ESp}f }aexdik cf o hJ nfuw kd ifNyxm;Ny;D
(63)ESpo f ufwrf;udk wifNyxm;av\/
tcsKdaom qifhNyefcsufrsm;wGif (65)Espfoufwrf;udk wifNyxm;\/(pmtkyf\aemufqHk;ydkif;wGif)
]]&d0g,of}}oHk;rsKd;pvHk;vm&Sdav\/
atrmrfAdkYcg&D(&[)u trdefY&SdonfrSm(63)ESpf[k yg&Sdonfh qifhNyefcsufrsm;rSm ydkrdkrsm;Nym;pGmvm
&Sdxm;\/
tdvk rmynm&Sirf sm;u ,if;['D;pfawmfrsm;tm; þodñ Yk EdS iId ;f pkaqmif;xm;Mu\/]]ud, k af wmfNrwf
(qG)tm; oufawmf ]]av;q,f}}wGi(f eAl0of)&Ny;D ]]oH;k }}ESpaf emufyikd ;f (&dpmvof)ud&k &Sad v\/
xdak emuf ruúm[fNrKd UawmfwiG f (10)ESpaf exdik cf \ hJ /xdak Mumifh ,if;['D;pfwiG (f eAl0of)eADNzpfNcif;ESihf
(&dpmvof) &pl;vfNzpfNcif;\ bGUJ x;l ESpcf u k kd &&So
D nfth Mum; oH;k ESp[ f o l nfh taMumif;t&mrSmvGwf
oGm;cJh\/
tcsKyfqdk&aomf ]]&0g,of}}qifhNyefcsuftm;vHk;\ vdk&if;oabmrSm wpfrsKd;wnf;omNzpf\/
xdak Mumifh ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ oufawmfEiS phf yfvsO;f í trSeu f efq;kH tqdrk mS (63)ESpo f mNzpf\/
þtwGuaf Mumifh use&f o dS nfh qifNh yefcsuf rsm;'udv k nf; xdt k qdb k ufoo Ykd mOD;pm;ay&ayrnf/
(2) 'kw, d ]]&0g,of}}qifNh yefcsuu f v kd nf; [Z&oftewfp(f &aoGU )ocifuomqifNh yefco hJ nf/
]]&pl;vfudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ t&yftarmif;rSm tv,ftvwfwef;pm;NzpfNyD; tvGefNrifhrm;ol
vnf; r[kwfí edrfhívnf;raeay/tvGefacsmarmvSyonfh tv,ftvwfwef;pm;cEüdfk,f&Sd
olNzpf\/
udk,fawmf\ qHawmfrSmvnf; vGefpGmvdrfaumufíraebJ aNzmifhrwfívnf;raeay/(odkYaomf
tenf;rQaumufí a&vdiI ;f ozG,x f aeonfh qHawmfNzpf\/)tom;ta&mifrmS *sKaH &mifuo hJ &Ykd \
dS /
ud, k af wmfvrf;avQuo f nfth cg a&SUon Ykd w T íf avQmufav\/
odrSwfbG,f&m
['D;pfawmfü [Z&oftewfpfudk,fwdkif udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ tom;ta&mifudk *sKHa&mifyrm
[lí rdeq Yf x kd m;\/yxr&d0g,ofNzpfonf(h vH;k 0*sKaH &mifuo hJ v Ykd nf;r[kwaf cs/)[lonfq h ifNh yefcsuf
onfvnf; [Z&oftewfp\f qifNh yefcsuo f mNzpf\/qifNh yefcsuEf pS &f yfpvH;k wGif rnforYkd Q Ncm;em;rI
r&Sad cs/,if;qifNh yefcsuEf pS &f yfpvH;k \vd&k if;oabmrSm ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ tom;ta&mifonf
0if;rIEiS vhf yS acsmarmrIü avsmeh nf;aponfrh sK;d (vH;k 0*sKaH &mifuo hJ )Ykd r[kwb f J vSywifw h ,faponfh
vif;0if;rIrsKd;NzpfNyD; *sKHa&miftenf;i,foef;ae\/
['D;pfawmfü ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ avQmufyakH vQmufenf; pyfvsO;f í]],ouzf&ztd}Yk }[lonfh
pmvH;k yg&x dS m;\/4if;\t"dy, Ü Ef iS phf yfvsO;f í tdv k rmynm&Six f H tqdu k vJG &JG \dS /tcsKyd nm&Sirf sm;u
]]tvQit f Nref avQmufonf[al omt"dy, Ü u f kd aumuf,Ml u\/tcsKu d a&SUou Ykd ikd ;f nTwíf avQmuf
onf[kqdk\/4if;NyiftcsKdynm&Sifrsm;utm;tifNzifh aNcvSrf;udkrí avQmufvSrf;awmfrlonfudk
t"dy, Ü af umuf,Ml u\/,if;tqdo k ;kH rsK;d pvH;k rSeaf y\/tb,faMumifq h akd omf ud, k af wmf\avQmuf
vSr;f <uNref;rIonf ,if;tqdo k ;kH rsK;d pvH;k ü yg0ifae\/4if;pmvH;k rSmvnf;t"dy, Ü o f ;kH rsK;d pvH;k oH;k
Edkif\/
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)vQifNrefoGufoufpGm avQmufvrf;onfhoabmrSm trsKd;orD;rsm;uJhodkYuEGJU
u, avQmufvSrf; avhr&Sdacs/4if;Nyif udk,fawmfonf rsufvTmatmufodkYusKdí avQmufvSrf;
onfh tavhtx&S\ d /rmeaxmifvmT ;oluo hJ Ykd &ifaumhí avQmufvrS ;f Ncif;rNyKay/a,musmf ;yDo
pGm aNcawmftm; aNrMu;D rSpíavQmufvrS ;f Ny;D aNrMu;D &Syw f u kd íf avQmufvrS ;f <uNref;Ncif;r&Sad cs/
(3) [Z&ofA&mtdAfaeYtmZDAD(&aoGU )ocifuqifhNyefcJhonfrSm &pl;vfudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)onf
cE¨mud, k f tv,ftvwfwef;pm;&Sad om trsK;d om;wpfO;D Nzpf\/(&Sno f nfbh ufoYkd ,dr;f ,dik af e\)
udk,fawmf\ycHk;ESpfbuftMum;rSm tNcm;olrsm;xuf ydkrdkus,f0ef;aomaMumifh &ifbufawmf
us,fNyefYonfudkvnf; od&Sd&av\/qHawmfxlxnf;olNzpfNyD; qHawmfrSm ESmEktxd &Sdav\/
udk,fawmfwGif teDa&mifvdkif;pif;&Sdaom t0wfwpfpHk&Sd\/qdkvdkonfrSm vHkcsnfESifhNcKHxnf&SdcJh\/
uREdkyfonfrnfhonfht&mudkrQ udk,fawmfxuf acsmarmvSyonfudkrQ rawGUrNrifcJhacs/
odrw S zf , G &f m ['D;pfawmfü ]]&*sKv d efrY &fbt k ef}}[konfph mvH;k vm&S\d /4if;\t"dy, Ü rf mS *srd ;f tay:
wGif ay;&SEd iS q hf ykd gu trsK;d om;\ NyKvyS x f m;aom t&mNzpfonf[k t"dy, Ü &f \/odaYk omf 4if;wGif
rnfonfhxl;Ncm;csufrS ray:vGifacs/þtwGufaMumifh tcsdKUaom ['D;pfygarmu©rsm;\ tqdkrSm
þpmvH;k onf *s;d rf\aZ&fEiS Nhf zpfav\/t"dy, Ü rf mS taNzmifEh iS t hf aumuftMum;[konft h "dy, Ü &f \/
þodv Yk nf;NzpfEikd o f nfrmS xdyk pkH w H iG , f if;toH;k tEIe;f rSm ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\qHawmfrsm;ESiyhf uf
oufí oHk;xm;Ncif;Nzpf\/yxrtaMumif;t&mrsm;wGif wifNycJhovdk udk,fawmf\qHawmfrSm
tenf;i,f vIid ;f xaeoa,mif&\ dS /
,if;['D;pfawmfawmf tcsKad om tdv k rmomoemhynm&Sirf sm;u trsK;d om;rsm;twGuf tust Ð eD
0wfNcif;udk ydik o f nf[k owfrw S af vonf/[ezd,mwdx Yk wH iG f tenf;i,ftus,w f 0if&h iS ;f vif;yg
&S\d /tMuift0wftpm;rsm; NyKvyk o f wfrw S Nf y;D aemuf tdv k mrmynm&Sirf sm;ESihf ar;Nref;pkpH rf;Edik \f /
(4) [Z&ofA&mtfocifxrH S þonfvnf;wpfqifh Nyefvm&So d nfrmS ]]uREykd o f nf wpfO;D wpf
a,muftm; teDa&mif0wfpw kH iG f ud, k af wmfxuf ydrk v kd yS onf[íl rawGUrNrifcahJ cs/ud, k af wmf\
qHawmfrmS ycH;k xda&mufaeonf/ud, k af wmf\ycH;k ESpb f ufMum;&Sd ae&mtpdwt f ydik ;f onf tenf;
i,fus,Nf yef\Y /4if;Nyif ud, k af wmfonf tvGet f &yftarmif;Nrifo h v l nf;r[kw?f t&dyef rd o hf v l nf;
r[kwfay/
rSwfom;zG,f&m
ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\qHawmfEiS pfh yfvsO;f í þqifNh yefcsuo f nf yxr(qifNycJah om)qifNh yefcsuEf iS hf
qefu Y siaf e\/tb,faMumifq h akd omf yxrqifNh yefcsuüf em;Ektxd[íl om wifNyxm;\/odaYk omf
pifppfwiG f rnfrQuv JG rJG I r&Sad cs/tb,faMumifq h akd omf qHyif\yHpk rH mS taNctaeworwfwnf;wGif
r&Sb d J wpfcgwpf&H &Snv f monft h cgrsK;d vnf;&S\d /xdNYk yif odvsuEf iS w hf ykd pfvu kd o
f nfu &Sv d Qi&f rdS nf/
wpfcgwpf&H t&Snfxm;onfh tcgrsKd;vnf &Sdayrnf/
(5) [Z&ooftvD(&aoGU )ocifu trde&Yf cdS o hJ nfrmS &pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onf t&yft
armif;&Sno f vl nf;r[kw/f t&yferd o hf v l nf; r[kwaf cs/vufz0g;awmfEiS ahf Nczrd;k ESpb f ufrmS tom;
&nfNynfah rmufae\/ud, k af wmf\ OD;acgi;f awmfrmS Mu;D Ny;D tpdwt f ydik ;f rsm;\ tcsK;d tqpfrsm;onf
vnf; MuD;av\/
&ifbufawmfrScsufxd yg;vTm;aom trG;trSifwef;rsm; oGmfwef;ae\/udkawmf<uNref;onfhtcg
tNrifhwpfae&mrS qif;aeonf[k xif&\/[Z&ooftvDocifu aNymMum;onfrSm ]]uREdkyf
onf ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)uJo h Ykd rnfou l rkd Q ud, k af wmftvQirf awGU cJb h ;l ay/ud, k af wmfaemufyikd ;f
wGifvnf; rawGU NrifcJhacs/
rSwfom;zG,f&m
uREykd of nf xdu k o
hJ Ykd rnfou l rkd Q rawGUcahJ y [lonfph um;toH;k tEIe;f rSm xdo k El iS hf yrmwlr&S&d mü
t&Sud t kd &Swd ikd ;f oHEk eI ;f xm;Ncif;Nzpf\/rdek m0Docifu a&;om;xm;onfrmS ]]tMuifaumif;Ncif;*kPf
t*Fg&yfrsm;Nzifh ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\cE¨mawmftm; wifNyxm;\/tNcm;rnfow l pfO;D wpfa,mufrS
,if; aumif;Ncif;*kPt f *Fg&yfrsm;wGif ud, k af wmfuo hJ Ykd r&SEd ikd af cs [lonf, h MkH unfcsuu f kd vlwikd ;f
xm;&Sd&rnf/
ud,
k af wmfNrwf(qG)\tw¬Kyw Ü ?åd ['D;pfMo0g'awmfrsm;ESio hf rdik ;f pmtkyrf sm;wGif tv’m[ftoQiNf rwf
onf emrfyikd ;f qdik &f m Nynf0h ukev f rkH *I P
k &f nfrsm;ESit hf wl &kyyf ikd ;f qdik &f m vSyrIuv kd nf; tqift h
wef;Nrifhrm;pGm csD;Nr§ifhawmfrlxm;onfhtaMumif;wdkYNzifh NynfhESufaeay\/
[Z&oftmat&Sm[focifxrH S uAsmESpyf 'kd q f ifNh yefvm&Sad v\/4if;\ tvdo k abmrSm ]]Zavcg}}
ocifr\ taygi;f tazmfrsm;onf tu,fí ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ rsuEf mS awmfukd awGU Nrifvu kd f
rnfqykd gu 4if;wdo Yk nf rdrw d \Ykd vufrsm;udv k ;DS rdrnft h pm;pdwEf v S ;kH om;rsm;udv k ;DS rdMuayvdrrhf nf/
tmat&Sm[focifronf rSeu f efpmG rdeaYf wmfrcl NhJ cif;NzpfonfrmS xdaYk Mumifh qG[mA[fom0uESihf
om0urrsm;onf udk,fawmf\ tcspfpdwfwGif epfarsmaecJhMu\/
(6) [Z&ooftvD\ aNr;awmfol tpfA&Á m[D;rfAiferf [ k r®'o f cifu rde&Yf cdS o hJ nfrmS [Z&oftvD
(&aoGU )ocifonf ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\&kyq f if;t*Fgawmfuw kd ifNyonft h csed þ f odaYk Nymqdak vh&\dS /
]]ud, k af wmfonf tvGet f rif; t&yfNrifo h v l nf;r[kw/f t&dyef rd o hf v l nf;r[kw/f tv,ftvwf
wef;pm; t&yftarmif;&SdolNzpfNyD; qHawmfrSm vdrfaumufíraebJ taNzmifhcsnf;vnf; r[kwf
ay/odkYaomftenf;i,fvdrfí vdIif;xae\/xdkNyif udk,fawmfonf tvGef0olr[kwfacs/rsufESm
0dkif;olvnf;r[kwf/udk,fawmf\rsufESmawmfrSmawmfrSm tenf;i,frQom 0dkif;ae\/(qdkvdkonf
rSm ud, k af wmf\ rsuEf mS awmfonf 0dik ;f ívnf;aeay/rsuEf mS oG,af eonfvnf;r[kw/f ,if;ESpf
ckwdkY\ pyfMum;wGif &Sdavonf/
udk,fawmf\ tom;ta&mifrSmNzLí teDa&mifoef;ae\/udk,fawmf\rsufqHrsm;rSm rJeufae\/
xdNYk yif rsuaf wmifrsm;rSm&Sníf cE¨mud, k \f t&d;k tqpfrsm;rSmwkwaf v\/(Oyrm wawmifqpfEiS hf
'l;qpfwdkYNzpf\)
þtwdik ;f yif ycH;k ESpb f uftMum;&Sd ae&mrSmvnf; tom;ta& Nynfíh ae\/ud, k af wmf\cEü, kd f
ay:0,f omreftm;Nzifh ydkí tarT;trQif rsm;pGmr&Sdacs/qdkvdkonfrSm tcsKdUaomvlrsm;onf 4if;
wdkY\ cEüdk,fwGifay:0,f oD;oefYtpdwftydkif;rsm;tNyif (Oyrm)vufarmif;ESifh aNcovHk;awmf
tp&So d nfw h rYkd v
S íJT rnfonfah e&mrQ tarT;trQirf &Sad cs/ud, k af wmf&ifbwfrcS sux f t d arT;trQif
oG,fwef;ae\/udk,fawmf\ vufESifhaNcawmfrsm;rSvnf; tom;ta&NynfhrdkYae\/
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)<uNref;awmfrlonfhtcsdef aNcvSrf;rsm;udk tm;tifNzifhrí avQmufvSrf;NyD;
tedrb hf ufoYkd <uNref;aeouJo h &Ykd \dS /
rnfonft h cg ud, k af wmfonf wpfO;D wpfa,mufbufoYkd vSno hf nf&adS omf wpfu, kd vf ;kH vSnhf
awmfríl tm&HNk yKav\/(qdv k okd nfrmS acgi;f awmfNzifo h mwpfO;D wpfa,mufbufov Ykd n S íhf tm&Hk
NyKavhr&Sdacs/tb,faMumifhqdkaomf þodkYNyKrlNcif;onf tNcm;olrsm;ESifh *&krrlNyK&ma&muf\/
xdkYNyif þonf tcsKdUaom tcsdeftcgrsKd;wGif b0NrifhonfykHpHuJhodkY NzpfoGm;av\/udk,fawmf\
ycH;k ESpb f uftMum;ü(eAloof)eADbUJG wq H yd &f adS v\/ud, k af wmfonf aemufq;kH eADNzpfNy;D tvGef
&ufa&molNzpf\/4if;Nyif rSeu f efaompum;udk aNymqdo k l pdwx f m;El;nHo h rd af rGUoEl iS rhf eG Nf rwfol
Nzpf\/
tcsKyfoabmudkqdk&vQif udk,fawmfonf pdwfESvHk;om; EIwfvQmESifhpdwfxm;rGefNrwfrIwdkYwGif
yifu, kd xf ;l NrwfNcif;aomfvnf;aumif;? trsK;d tEG,t f m;Nzifah omfvnf;aumif;?t&mcyford ;f xuf
trGeNf rwfq;kH Nzpf\/rnforl qdk ud, k af wmftm; &kww f &uf Munfrh v d u kd yf gu Munfño kd mG ;ayonf/
qdv k o kd nfrmS ud, k af wmf\ *kPt f &Sed t f 0g þrQ&o dS nfrmS yxrtMurd f Munfv h u kd o f nfrmS t&Sed f
t0gaMumifhaMumuf&GHUrINzpfoGm;&av\/vSyacsmarmrIaMumifhvnf; t&Sdeft0g&dav\/
4if;Nyif rnforl qdk ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)ESihf oduRr;f w0if aygi;f azmfavh&ydS gu xdo k o l nf ud, k af wmf
\tusifhodu©mawmfESifh*kPf&nfaumif;Ncif;wdkYaMumifh udk,fawmftm; cspfNrwfEdk;olNzpfoGm;avh
&Sd\/
udk,fawmf\ &kyfqif;t*Fgawmftm; wifNyoltaeESifh þrQom aNymqdkEdkifonfrSm]]uREdkyfonf
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)uJhodkYacsmarmvSyaom *kPf&nfaumif;Ncif;wdkYESifhNynfhpHkaomolwpfOD;wpf
a,muftm; ud, k af wmftvQirf awGUcahJ y/ud, k af wmf\ taemufyikd ;f wGiv f nf; awGU Nrifvrd rhf nf
r[kwfacs/
(7) [Z&of[pef(&aoGU )ocifutrde&Yf cdS o hJ nfrmS uREykd o f nf rdr\ d bMu;D awmf[ife'f t f bD[m
vmxHrS udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ &kyfqif;t*FgawmfESifhpyfvsOf;íavQmufxm;cJh\/xdkYNyif 4if;onf
ud, k af wmf\ &kyq f if;t*Fgawmftm; tus,w f 0efw Y ifNyavh&\dS /uREykd \f a&SU0,fvnf;bJ wifNy&ef
vdktifqEŃzpfay:cJh\/odkYrSom uREdkyfonf4if;\wifNycsufudk rdrdtwGuf taxmuftxm;NyKNyD;
,if;*kPft*FHg&yfrsm;tm; rSwfom;í rdrdcE¨mudk,ftwGif; NzpfEdkif&eftwwfEdkifqHk; MudK;pm;tm;
xkwfEdkifayrnf/
[Z&of[pef(&aoGU )ocif\oufwrf;rSm ud, k af wmfu, G vf eG o
f nft h csed (f 7)ESpo f m&Scd \ hJ /odt
Yk
wGuaf Mumif*h P k t f *FgH &yfrsm;wGif rdr\ d touft&G,if ,fNcif;aMumifh awG;ac:&efEiS rhf w S o f m;&eft
cGifhtcgr&&SdcJhacs/
[Z&of[pef(&aoGU )ü bMuD;awmfonf udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ &kyfqif;t*FgawmfESifhpyfvsOf;í
trde&Yf odS nfrh mS ud, k af wmfonf rdr\d yifu, kd *f P k t f *FgH &yfrsm;wGif xnf0goNl zpfouJo h Ykd tNcm;ol
rsm;\ tNrifwGifvnf; tvGeftqifhtwef; &SdolNzpf\/udk,fawmf\rsufESmawmfrSm vNynfh0ef;
yrm vif;0if;xdeyf ae\/ud, k af wmf\t&dyt f armif;rSm tv,ftvwfwef;pm;ol&x dS uf tenf;
i,fNrifhí t&yftarmif; tvGefNrifholxuf edrfhav\/
OD;acgi;f awmft&G,t f pm;rSm tv,ftvwfwef;pm;&SNd y;D tenf;i,fMu;D \/qHawmfrmS tenf;i,f
vdiI ;f xae\/tu,fí OD;acgi;f \qHawmfrsm;wGif wpfcwpf&(H rm;ef*)f qHawmfcx JG m;onf/vdiI ;f ay:
vmaomtcg ,if;twdik ;f xm;av\/odrYk [kwv f Qif ud, k af wmfonf ud, k wf ikd q
f aH wmfcx JG m;Ncif;udk
ta&;rxm;cJhacs/
þonf ausmMf um;onft h "dy,Ü Nf zpf\/,if;tay: apm'u0ifa&mufEikd o f nfrmS ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)
\ odvsuEf iS q hf aH wmfcNJG cif;(&d0g,of)rsm;Nzifo h &d &dS \/xdak pm'u\ taNcwGif tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;
uþodrYk ed q Yf Mkd u\/['D;pfawmf\tvdo k abmrS tpueOD;wGif ud, k af wmfonf þonfukd ta&;
rxm;cJah cs/odaYk omf(pma&;ol\xHwiG )f ud, k af wmfNref(qG)\ tusi"hf avhawmfrmS ud, k af wmfonf
]]rk&Sd&pfuf}}rsm;ESifh qefYusifbufNyKNyD; ]]t[favufomAD}}usrf;*ef&yk*¾dKvfrsm;ESifhudkufnDpGm
NyKusifhcJhNcif;aMumifh qHawmfudk tv,frS pwifcGJawmfrlcJh\/xdkYaemuf wzefudk,fawmfonf
qHawmfudk tv,frS pwifcGJawmfrlcJh\/
odt Yk wGuaf Mumifh tcsKUd aom tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm; OD;pm;ay;xm;onft h aumif;qH;k aom tvdo k
abmrSm ]]tu,fí vG,fulpGm qHawmfcGJxm;onfh vdIif;ay:vmygu qHawmfudkcGJawmfrlNyD;t
aMumif; wpfpw kH &maMumifh vG,u f pl mG ray:vmbJ bD;tp&So d nfwh vYkd tkd yfvmygu xdt k csed rf sm;qH
awmfcNGJ cif;udk rNyKcahJ cs/(tcsKUd tcsed rf sm;wGif bD;tp&So d nfwYkd toif&h adS eygu xdt k csed qf aH wmfukd
cGJawmfrlav\/
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ qHawmf&Snfvmonfhtcsdef ESmEkrSyif ausmfvGefoGm;av\/udk,fawmf\t
om;a&mifrmS awmufyvif;0if;Ny;D ezl;awmfrmS us,Nf yefpY mG &S\d /ud, k af wmf\rsucf ;kH awmfrmS auG;í
yg;vTmNy;D odyo f nf;\/rsucf ;kH ESpb f ufpvH;k rSm oD;Ncm;&SNd y;D wpfbufEiS w hf bufrl qufíraeay/
,if; (rsucf ;kH ESpb f ufMum;)wGif taMumwpfc&k adS v\/4if;onf trsuaf wmfxonft h csed f xifay:
vmavh&\ dS /ESmwHrmS ay:viG íf ,if;tay: El&;f ]]tvif;a&mif(od)Yk awmufyrI}}wpfcNk zpfae\/tp
ydkif;wGif awGU NrifoltaeESifhudk,fawmftm; ESmwHMuD;ol[k xifrSwfayonf/odkYaomf *&kwpdkuf
Munfah vaomf vSyawmufaNymifraI MumifEh mS wHNrifah eonf[k xifrw S &f ayonf/odrYk [kwv f Qiyf if
udk,ft& tvGefNrifhíraeacs/
ud, k af wmf\'g&(D rkwq f w d af wmf)tarT;trSirf sm;rSm tNynf&h NdS y;D xlxnf;ae\/rsuq f aH wmfrmS tvGef
reufpGm&Sdí yg;ESpfbufrSm tom;wGJí yg;ESpfbufrSm tom;wGJvsufraebJ nDnDnmnm&Sd\/
udk,fawmf\EIwfcrf;awmfrSmvnf;(EIwfcrf;usOf;aNrmif;olr[kwfbJ)tv,ftvwfwef;pm;Nzifh
us,f0ef;\/
oGm;awmfrsm;rSm yg;íNzLpifae\/4if;Nyif xyfíraebJ ta&SUbuf&SdoGm;rsm;wGif tenf;i,fusJ
ae\/&ifbufrcS sux f yd g;vTmaomtarT;trQirf sm; oG,w f ef;ae\/ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\cE¨mtpdwf
tydkif;tm;vHk;wdkYonfh tv,ftvwfwef;pm;&SdNyD; tom;rsm;NynfhrdkYae\/cE¨mudk,frSm tom;
yGíraebJ uspv f pf\/Adu k Ef iS &hf ifbufawmfrmS waNy;wnf;&Sad omfvnf; &ifbufrmS us,Nf yefNY y;D
ycHk;ESpfbuftMum;rSmvnf; tenf;i,f&Snfvsm;rI&Sd\/
cE¨mud, k t
f pdwt f ydik ;f rsm;\ t&d;k tqpfrsm;onf wkwcf ikd íf Mu;D avonf/(4if;rSm tm;tifoefrm
Ncif;\ taxmuftxm;Nzpf\)tuscÐ Rwv f u
kd o
f nft
h cg ud, k af wmf\cE¨mud, k w
f iG vf if;0if;awmuf
aNymifrIudk awGU Nrif&avh&Sd\/csufESifh&ifbwfawmftMum; rsOf;aMumif;ozG,fuJhodkY yg;vTmaom
tarT;trSifrsm;rS uif;&Sif;\/odkYaomf vufarmif;ESpfbuf?ycHk;ESpfbufESifh&ifbuftay:ydkif;wGif
tarT;trSifrsm;&Sdav\/
ud, k af wmf\vufzs&H ;kd rsm;rSm&Sníf vufz0g;rsm;rSm us,Nf yef\Y /aNczrd;k ESpb f ufrmS El;nHNh y;D tom;
rsm;NzifNh ynfrh aYkd e\/vufacsmif; aNcacsmif;uav;rsm;rSmvnf; Mu;D pifi,fvu kd f nDnmvsu&f n S f
vsm;pGm&Sd\/udk,fawmf\ aNcz0g;awmfrSm tenf;i,fcsKdUif0ifae\/
ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\<uNref;awmfro l nftcg aNcawmftm; ría&SUoYkd udik ;f nTwv f suf avQmufavh
&Sd\/aNcawmfudkvnf; aNray:odkY nifompGmcsNyD; tm;Nzifh aNcawmfvSrf;avhr&Sdacs;/udk,fawmf
onf vrf;avQmufNrefoNl zpf\/xdNYk yifaNcvSr;f udk tenf;i,fcsíJ avQmufvrS ;f Ny;D aNcvSr;f pdwpf w d f
vSrf;avhr&Sdacs/udk,fawmf <uNref;onfhtcg tedrfhae&modkY qif;aeonf[k xif&\/wpfOD;wpf
a,mufbufoYkd tm&HNk yK (vSnNhf yq D v kd Qiv
f nf;)wpfu, kd vf ;kH vSníhf tm&HNk yKavh&\ dS /ud, k af wmf\
rsufvTmrSm rdk;aumif;uif;bufESifhpmvQif yx0DaNrMuD;bufüom ydkí&Sdav\/
,if;tqdük þapm'u 0ifa&mufEikd o f nfrmS ]]tAl'g0;l 'f\(&d0g,of)qifNh yefcsuw f iG f ud,
k af wmf
Nrwf(qG) rd;k aumif;uif;bufoYkd tcgcgMunfah vh&adS Mumif;yg&\ dS /xdt k qdEk pS &f yfpvH;k \taqNzrSm
]]tusio hf u d m© tm;Nzifh ud, k af wmfonf aNrNyifay:0,fom rsuv f mT NyK\/odaYk omf 0[DAsm'dwaf wmf\
apmifq h ikd ;f rIwiG v
f nf; &Sad omaMumifh tcgcg rd;k aumif;uif;bufoYkd Munfah vh&\ dS /odrYk [kwf ygu
omreftcsdefrsm;ü udk,fawmfonf rsufvTmudk atmufodkYusKdUxm;av\/
ud, k af wmf\ tusi"hf avhawmfwpf&yfrmS ]]t&Suo f u d m© aMumifh rsuv f mT udNk yL;íMunfah vhr&Sad cs/
oGm;vmaomtcg]]pG[mA[f}}om0ursm;tm; rdr\d a&SUwiG f xm;avh&NdS y;D ud, k af wmfonf aemuf
cseíf avQmufavh&\ dS /rnfoEl iS yhf ifNzpfap awGUqykH gu pvmrfay;&mü rdru d om pwifí pvmrf
ay;av\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ aemufcsefaecJhNcif;rSm tdkvrmynm&Sifrsm;u udk,fawmf\ &dkusKd;rIaMumifh
Nzpfonf[k rdefYqdkMu\/4if;Nyif tu,fí c&D; NzpfcJhygutoifhawmfqHk;taNzrSm ]]c&D;wGif us
usefcJhaom ypönf;ypö,rsm;ESifh tm;tifcsKdUwJholwdkYtm; owif;,l&eftwGuf udk,fawmfonf
aemufcsefí aecJhNcif;yifNzpf\/
(8) *smAd&Af ifepf rd&k m(&aoGU )ocifutrde&Yf cdS o hJ nfrmS ]]ud, k awmfNrwf(qG)onfEw I cf rf;awmfus,f
Ny;D ud, k af wmf\rsuv f ;kH rsm;\ tNzLa&mifwiG f teDa&mifaNy;ae\/aNczaemifah wmf0,f tom;ta&
tvGefenf;yg;\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
tm&yftrsK;d om;rsm;twGuf EIwcf rf;us,0f ef;Ncif;udk ESpo f ufz, G &f m[k rSw[ f Ml u\/tcsKUdynm&Sif
rsm;xHü rsuv f ;kH ESiyhf wfoufí Nyefqx kd m;onft h "dy,Ü rf mS rSeuf efonft h qdEk iS hf udu k n f aD y\/
(9) [Z&of*smAd&Af ife(f &aoGU )ocifxrH S qifNh yefvm&S\ d /4if;u trde&Yf o dS nfrmS ]]uREykd o f nf
tcgwpfyg;ü vomaomnwGif ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)tm; Munfah ecJ\ h /ud, k af wmfonf xdpk Ofu
teDa&mif0wfp0kH wfqifxm;\/uREykd o f nf vrif;pE´mudw k Nyef ud, k af wmftm; wNyefMunfah erd\/
aemufq;kH uREykd t f aeESiu hf ,kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onf vrif;pE´mxufyif ydrk íkd vif;0if;vSyaeoudk
[k qHk;Nzwfcsufcsvdkuf\/
(10) tbltpö[m;ufocifu trde&Yf cdS \ hJ /yk*K¾d vw f pfO;D onf [Z&ofA&mtfociftm; ud, k af wmf
Nrwf(qG)\ rsufESmawmfonf "m;&SnfuJhodkY NzL0if;vJ aeygoavm[kar;&m 4if;u r[kwfay/
odkYaomf vNynfh0ef;yrm vif;0if;yrm vif;0if;NyD; vHk;0ef;oa&mif&Sd\ [k aNzMum;cJhav\/
rSwfom;zG,f&m
"m;&SnfNzifh yrmay;EdIif;,SOf&mü xdcdkufzG,f&m&SdonfrSm ,if;aMumifh rsufESmawmfonf&Snf[k
oHo,0ifa&mufEdkifaponfhtNyif 4if;vif;0if;rIwGif tNzLa&mif ----vGrf;rdk;rI&SdNyD;]]El;&f}}
(Muufoa&*kPaf &mif)r&Sad cs/þtwGuaf Mumif[ h Z&ofA&mtf]]ocifu"m;&SnEf iS Ehf iId ;f ,SOw f ifNy
csuu f kd Niif;y,fNy;D vrif;pE´mNzifEh iId ;f ,SOrf o I mvQif teD;pyfq;kH yifNzpf\/odrYk [kwyf guvrif;pE´m
wpfcyk if raNymavESihf axmifaygi;f rsm;pGmaom vrif;pE´mrsm;üvnf;ud, k af wmfuo hJ yYkd if]]El;&f}}
&Sdrnfr[kwfacs/
(11) tbl[dk&dkif&[f(&aoGU )ocifrdefYqdkcJhonfrSm]]&pl;vfudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)þrQNzLpifacsmarm
onfrSm vrif;pE´mNzifh udk,fawmftm; ykHpHoGif;xm;ouJhodkYxifrSwf&\/4if;Nyif udk,fawmf\qH
awmfrSm tenf;i,faumufí vdIif;xae\/
rSwfom;zG,f&m
yxrOD;pGm [Z&oftewfpq f ifNh yefcohJ nf(h &d0g,of)wGif vH;k 0tNzLa&mifrNS iif;qdx k m;\/þtwGuf
aMumifh ,if;['D;pfawmfü ]]vrif;pEúo hJ Ykd vH;k 0tNzLa&mif&o dS nf[o l nfth vdo k abmudq k x kd m;
Ncif;r[kwfacs/odkYaomftNzLa&mifwGifteDa&mifoef;NyD; vif;0if;vSyrIu vTrf;rdk;ae\/
rSwfxm;zG,f&m
(12) *smAd&Af ifet f AÁ'v l m[f(&aoGU )ocifuud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ þrdeaYf cRcsuu f kd qifNh yefc\ hJ /
(ud, k af wmfu rdeMYf um;awmfro l nfrmS ) igu, kd af wmftm;eADwrefawmftm;vH;k NyoNcif;cH&av\/
odkY&Sday&m igudk,fawmfonf [Z&ofrlqm(t)tm; tenf;i,fydefyg;aomf cE¨mudk,f&Sdol wpf
a,mufNzpfonfudk awGU&Sd&NyD;]]&S'lt[f}}tEG,f&SdvlrsKd;rsm;teufrS xifrSwf&\/
xdNYk yif [Z&oftq D m(t)tm;awGU Nrif&migu, kd af wmfNrwf\tNrifwiG f 4if;onf]]tG&0f g[Af iferf wfpf
tl'}f }ESiyhf íkd qifonf[k xifrw S &f \/xdNYk yif tpfA&Á m[dr(f t)tm; awGU Nrif&m igu, kd af wmfNrifco hJ rQ
vlrsm;teufrS igudk,fawmfudk,fwdkif 4if;ESifhteD;pyfqHk;qifwlolNzpf\/
þtwdkif;yif *spfA&mtD;vf(t)tm; awGU Nrif&m 4if;wdkYteufrSigudk,fawmftNrifwGif 4if;tm;
arh[[ f [fu,fbD [kxifrw S &f \/
odrSwfzG,f&m
wrefawmfNrwf(qG)\þodeYk ADwrefawmfrsm;tm; awGU NrifNcif;onf arht&d m*sn f wGif Nzpfygoavm
(odrk [kw)f tdrrf ufwiG f Nzpfygoavm/
bkcdY g&u D sr;f ü ,if;tqdEk pS rf sK;d pvH;k qifNh yefvm&Sx d m;\/xdt k qdEk pS &f yfwiG rf nfoaYkd om apm'urQ
0ifa&mufEikd pf &mtaMumif;r&Sad cs/tb,faMumifq h akd omfEpS Mf urd pf vH;k awGU Nrifonfuvnf; Nzpf
Edik af y\/,if;eADwrefawmfo;kH yg;taMumif;udk þtwGuaf Mumifh wifNytrde&Yf o dS nfrmS [Z&of
rlqmESifh[Z&oftDqmwdkYrSmAeDtpö&mtDvftrsKd;tEG,f\ eADrsm;teufrSNzpf\/
xdNYk yif [Z&oftpfA&Á m[dr(f t)rSm ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ bd;k ab;abmifqufrsm;rSNzpfonft h Nyif
tm&yftrsKd;tEG,fwpfckvHk;u 4if;tm;vufcH,HkMunfav&SdMu\/
(13) ptD;'f*sf&Sd&D;ocifu trdefY&SdcJhonfrSm uREdkyfonftblodkzdkifvf(&aoGU )xHrS þonftm;
aNymMum;onfukd Mum;odc&hJ av\/]]ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)tm;awGU Nriforl sm;wGif ,ck yx0DaNrNyif
ay:0,f uREykd rf t S y wpfO;D wpfa,mufrQruse&f adS wmhacs/uREykd u f 4if;tm; ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)
\ &kyq f if;t*FgawmfwifNy&efaNymMum;ü 4if;u ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)onf tom;ta&mifNzLolNzpf
NyD;teDa&mifoef;ae\/4if;Nyif tv,ftvwfwef;pm; cEüdk,fawmf&Sdol[k trdefY&Sdav\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
tblozkd ikd v hf (f &aoGU )ocifonf qG[mA[frsm;wGif tm;vH;k xuf aemufq;kH rS uG,v f eG of Nl zpfNy;D
[pf*s&(D 100)ckEpS w f iG f uG,v
f eG cf o
hJ l NzpfaomaMumif4h if;udk ,ck uREykd w f t dYk Nyif ud, k af wmftm;
rnfolwpfOD;wpfa,mufrQ awGU NrifcJhol rusef&Sdawmhay[k aNymqdkNcif;Nzpf\/
tdkvrmynm&Sifrsm;u yx0DaNray:0,f [lonfh pum;tm; oHk;EIef;xm;Ncif;rSm rdk;aumif;uif;
ay:0,f udk,fawmftm; awGU Nrifolrsm;teufrS [Z&oftDqm(t)usef&Sdaeao;onf[k rdefYqdk
Mu\/
(14) tdAaf eYtwfA;Á pf(&aoGU )ocifu trde&Yf cdS o hJ nfrmS ]]ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ta&SUbufomG ;rsm;
onf tenf;i,fusJae\/(tvdkoabmrSm wpfacsmif;ESifhwpfacsmif; xyfuyfíraebJ tenf;
i,f usíJ ae\/)
ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG) EIwcf ygXaf wmf aNymMum;onft h cgü El;&fa&mifNcnfwpfcu k o
hJ Ykd oGm;rsm;Mum;rS
xGufay:vmavh&Sd\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
tdvk rmynm&Sirf sm;xH ausmMf um;aeonft h qdrk mS þonf ]]EdiI ;f ,SOo f ;kH EIe;f xm;Ncif;om Nzpfav
\/&pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)oGm;awmfrsm;Mum;rSxu G &f o
dS nfh EIwcf ygXaf wmfukd El;&f]]a&mifNcnf
ESiEhf iId ;f ,SOx f m;Ncif;Nzpf\/odaYk omftvfr[frpf0o d cifu]]þonf EdiI ;f ,SOcf surf [kwb f (J rdt
Yk aD *s
Zm[f)tm;Nzifh udk,fawmf\ oGm;awmfrsm;tMum;rS xGufav&Sdonf[k rdefYqdkxm;\/
tcsKyq f &kd aomf ud, k af wmfonf &kyqf if;t*Fgawmfü t&m&mwdik ;f wGiv f yS Nynfph rkH u
I kd a&muf&cdS \ hJ /
qdkvdkonfrSm udk,fawmfonf emrfydkif;qdkif&m a&muf&SdrIwGifvnf;NydKifpH&Sm;atmif txG#ftxdyf
udk a&muf&cdS ahJ v\/
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
eADawmfNrwf(qG)\ ]]eAl0of}}wHqyd af wmf
]]eAl0of}}wHqyd af wmfonf eADu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)\ cE¨mud, k af y:0,fzmG ;NrifoefpY ifco hJ nft h csed rf S
pí yg&cdS NhJ cif;Nzpfav\/xdk ]]eAl0of}}wHqyd af wmfwiG f wpfpw kH pf&m a&;om;xm;Ncif; &So d nfr&Sd
onfESifhpyfvsOf;í tqdkuGJvGJrI&Sd\/
tdAaf etAÁg;efocifu xdw k qH yd af wmfay:0,f]]rk[r®'&k &f pl;vGvm’ [f}}[ka&;om;xm;onf[q k kd
xm;\/4if;Nyif tcsKUd qifNh yefcsurf sm;Nzifh ,if;tay:0,fp&fzmeoGvrf mefq;l &f[k a&;om;xm;onf
[k od&Sd\/t"dyÜ,frSmtoif b,fae&m oGm;oGm; ulnDapmifrNcif;cH&rnf[k od&Sd&\/
þtcef;@wGif atrmrfoD&farZDocifu ['D;pfawmfaygif; (8)yk'fudkwifNyxm;\/
(1) pmtDAAf ife, f ZD;'focifu aNymMum;onfrmS ]]uREykd t f m; uREykd \f ta':Nzpfoo l nf ud, k af wmf
Nrwf(qG)xHyg; ac:aqmifomG \/4if;aemufuReaf wmfrsK;d r\ wlawmfarmifonf ruse;f rrmNzifah e
onf[k avQmufxm;&mud, k af wmfonfuREykd \f OD;acgi;f ay:0,f vufNzifo h yfay;í usEykd t f wGuf
'dktmqkawmif;yPÖmNyKay;\/
(tcsKdU tdkvrm ynm&Sifrsm;u udk,fawmf\ vufNzifh yGwfoyfay;Ncif;Nzifh OD;acgif;ay:0,f t
axmuftxm;Nzpfonf[k qdMk u\/odaYk omf ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)taeESi4hf if;\OD;acgi;f ay:0,f vuf
Nzifyh w
G of yfay;Ncif;rSm u&kPMuifemrIaMumifo h m Nzpfavonf/tb,faMumifq h akd omf 4if;onf
[pf*s&ED pS Ef pS cf Ek pS t
f wGuaf rG;zGm;Ny;D ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG) uG,v f eG af o;qH;k cJo
h nf tcsed x f d 4if;\
toufrmS (8)ESpo f m&Scd \hJ /odt Yk wGuaf Muifþ h uJo h Ykd vufNzifh yGwo f yfay;Ncif;rSmu&kPmaMumifo h m
Nzpf\/)
xdNYk yif ud,
k af wmfNrwf(qG)onf 0dZk o l efpY ifawmfrNl y;D uREykd of nf ud, k af wmf\ 0dZk ol efpY ifaoma&udk
aomufvu kd \f /uREykd o f nf ud, k af wmf\aemufwiG &f yfaevdu k af omtcgwiG ]f ]eAl0of}}wHqyd af wmf
tm; cdkOyrm awGU Nrif&av\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
,if;['D;pfawmfwGif tu,fí 0dkZla&Nzifh[lonfh tvdkoabmrSm 0dkZlrSmuspD;vmaoma&tm;
qdkvdkNcif;Nzpfyguvnf; rnfodkYaom apm'u 0ifa&mufp&m taMumif;r&SdaNc/tb,faMumifhqdk
aomf udk,fawmfNrwf(qG) \tpma[mif;rsm; xdoefYNyefonf NzpfaomaMumifh oHk;NyD;oma&rSm
rnfodkYrQyif aNymp&mr&Sday/
(2) *smAD&fAifefprdk&m[f(&aoGU )ocifu trdefY&SdcJhonfrSm uREdkyfonf udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\

]]eAl0of}}wHqyd af wmftm; ud, k awmf\ ycH;k ESpb f uftMum;wGif awGU Nrifc\hJ /4if;onf teDa&mif
tom;yHkuJhodkYNzpfNyD; t7G,ftpm;tm;NzifhcdkOcefYrQ&Sd\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
]]eAl0of}}wHqyd \ f t&G,t f pm;ESihf ta&mif;tqif;wGiu f vJG rJG &I adS v\/ul&o f Al o
D cifu trde&Yf dS
onfrSm ,if;t&G,ftpm;onf wcgw&H ao;i,foGm;í wpfcgwpf&H MuD;ívmonf/xdkYNyif
ta&mif;tqif;rSmvnf; aNymif;vGv J su&f \dS /(pmtkyNf yKpo
k \l )tqdt k & þonfvnf; NzpfEikd o f nf
rSm ,if;tqdrk sm;onf EdiI ;f ,SOf yrmay;csurf sm;om Nzpfay\/4if;Nyif EdiI ;f ,SOcf suo f nfy*k K¾d vwf ikd ;f
rSm rdrw d \Ykd todñPfEiS t hf wl teD;ta0;ay:rw l nfí EdiI ;f ,SOw f ifNyMu\/eD;uyfraI Mumifh EdiI ;f ,SOf
yrmay;&mwGif rnfodkYrQ apm'u 0ifa&mufp&mtaMumif;r&Sdacs/
(3) &rDpmocifru trde&Yf o dS nfrmS ]]uRerf onf ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)xHrþ S rdeaYf cRcsuu f kd Mum;od
cJ\
h /4if;Nyif uRerf onf xdt k csed uf ud,k af wmfNrwf(qG)ESihf þrQe;D uyfpmG &So d nfrmS ud, k af wmf\
]]eAl0of}}wHqdyfawmfudk erf;vdkuerf;&HIUEdkif\/,if;trdefYacRcsufrSm rtm;pfcifESifhywfoufNyD;
þodYk trde&Yf adS v\/4if;\ aoNcif;w&m;aMumifh tv’m[ftoQiNf rwf (t&f&)fS yv’iaf wmfyif 4if;\
0dOmOf\ aysmf&TifrIwGif vIyfoGm;avonf/
odrSwfzG,f&m
]]t&f&}fS }awmf wkev f yI &f Ncif;\ taMumif;t&if;rSm rnfoeYkd nf;/tb,faMumifh wkev f yI &f oenf;
[ktqdw k iG f uGv J rJG &I adS v\/tausmMf um;qH;k tqdrk mS ['D;pfawmfwiG f t"dymÜ ,fNyefqx kd m;onft h
wdik ;f yif Nzpfav\/odaYk omftcsKUd ynm&Sirf sm;u ]]t&f&}fS }yv’iaf wmf vIyo f mG ;&Ncif;\ tvdo k abm
rSm ]]t&f&Sf}}yv’ifawmf\ za&&Sdwmrsm; wkefvIyfoGm;&Ncif;udk qdk\/
xdkYNyif pt'fAifrtm;ZfESifhywfoufNyD; xl;NrwfrIrsm; ['D;pfusrf;pmrsm;wGif vm&Sdayonf/4if
rSm [pf*s&o+if tvQiu f , kd af wmfNref(qG)onf [Z&ofrqGt f Afet f rk u
kd &f o
f ciftm; otfv;D rfEiS hf
oAfvD;*fvkyfief;wdkYudk NyKvkyf&eftwGufr'DemNrdKUawmfodkY apvTwfcJh\/if;\vuf0,f(pt'f)ocif
onf rGpv f ifrNf zpfc\ hJ /xdNYk yif rdrad emifawmfrsm;\ acgi;f aqmifNzpfcahJ omaMumif4if; rGwpf vifNzpf
onfEiS w hf pfrsK;d vH;k wpfaqGv;kH rSm xdaYk eYrmS yif rGpv f ifrrf sm; NzpfomG ;Mu\/r'DemNrKd Uawmfü tm;vH;k
xuf tvQit f pövmrfukd vufco H nfh trsK;d tEG,rf sm;rSm 4if;wdo Yk mNzpfc\hJ /[pf*s&(D 5)ckoufawmf
(37)ESpf uG,v f eG af oqH;k cJ\ h /
za&&Sfwm]]ckESpfaomif;}}wdkYonf 4if; *semZ[fermZfwGif yg0fcJhMu\/odkYwdkifatmif ['D;pfusrf;
awmfwiG f vm&So d nfrmS ]]4if;udv k nf; uA&f\usO;f aNrmif;rI twefi,fNzpfc\ hJ /xdaYk Mumifh oHa0*
w&m; &,l&rnfrmS vlom;tm; uA&f\Nypf'PftZg;AfrS rnfo l rYkd Q arhavsm&h efrxdu k af y/tcsed w
f ikd ;f
]]aomif0fA[f}}NyKae&rnf/
[Z&oftGpörmef(&aoGU )ocifonf]]uA&f}}ocsKØif;wpfcktay:rS NzwfausmfoGm;avaomtcg
rdr\d rkwq f w d rf sm;pd&k o
JT mG ;onftxd id, k akd v\/vlwpfO;D u4if;tm;(*sEo é )f ESi(hf *s[Eér)f taMumif;
tay:0,focifMu;D u tb,faMumifþ h rQrid, k ykd goenf;[k avQmufxm;ar;Nref;&m ocifMu;D u
uREykd Mf um;odc&hJ onfrmS f ]]uA&f}}ocsKiØ ;f onf aemifwrvGe\ f pcef;rsm;teufrS yxrOD;qH;k p
cef;rsm;teufrS yxrOD;qH;k pcef;Nzpfay\/rnforl qdk vGwNf ird ;f rI&&So d mG ;avaomf xdo k t
Yl wGuf
,if;aemufydkif;&Sdpcef;tm;vHk;vG,fuloGm;ayonf/
xdNYk yif rnforl qdk 4if;\ ]]tZg;Af}}Nypf'PfrS vGwNf ird ;f rIr&Syd gu xdo Yk tl wGuf ,if;aemufyikd ;f &Sdf
pcef;rsm;wGifvnf; vG,fulrI&Sdrnfr[kwfacs/
4if;Nyif udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)xHawmfrS þonfudkvnf; Mum;odcJh&onfrSm]]igudk,fawmfonf
awGU Nrifco hJ rQ pcef;rsm;wGif uA&f\pcef;omvQit f m;vH;k xufyrkd akd Mumufrufz, G af umif;ay\/
(rd&Sdum;of)[k taNzMum;vdkufav\/
(4)[Z&oftvD(&aoGU )ocif\ aNr;awmf tpfA&m[D;rfAifr[ k r®'u f aNymMum;onfrmS ]][Z&of
tvDonf udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ *kPft*Fg&yfrsm;udkwifNyonfhtcsdef udk,fawmf\ ycHk;awmfESpf
bufMum;wGif ]]eAl0of}}wHqdyfawmf&SdaMumif;ESifh aemufqHk;eADNzpfaMumif;aNymMum;cJh\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
þ['D;pfawmfonf yxrtcef;u@wGif wifNyNy;D cJo h nfh ['D;pfawmfNzpfay\/odt Yk wGuaf Mumifh
þae&mwGif wifNyvdo k nfo h abmrSm ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ ]]eAl0of}}wHqyd af wmftm; oD;oefY
wifNy&efNzpf\/þ['D;pfawmfonf yxrtcef;u@(8)wGif ausmfvGefcJhNyD;av\/
(5) tDvAf mufAifet f [fr&fu aNymMum;onfrmS uREykd Ef iS t hf mrif&Af iftcfoyG (f &aoGU )ocifuþ
taMumif;t&mudk wifNyav\/wcgu ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)onf uREykd t f m; ud, k af wmf\cg;awmf
yGwfoyfay;&ef trdefY&Sd&m uREdkyfonf udk,fawmf\cg;awmftm; pwifyGwfoyfay;av\/xdkpOf
uREykd \f vufacsmif;uav;rsm;rSm]]eAl0of}}wHqyd t f ay: a&muf&o dS mG ;\/(tDvAf mufAifeaf Nymonf
rSm)uREykd of nftr&fociftm; eAl0ofwq H yd af wmfonf tb,ft&menf;[kar;&m 4if;utrG;t
rSiftcsKdU\pkaeaomt&mNzpfonf[kaNzMum;av\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
þ['D;pfawmfonf yxrqifhNyefcsufrsm;ESifhqefYusifbufrNzpfacs/tb,faMumifhqdkaomf
]]eAl0of}}wHqyd af wmf\ ab;buf0ef;usiw f iG f trG;trSirf sm;vnf; &Sad v\/þonfuo kd m4if;
uwifNyNcif;Nzpfay\/
(6) A&d'g[Af ife[ f qG;D Ad(&aoGU )ocifutrde&Yf o dS nfrmS &pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onfr'DemNrKd U
awmfoYkd <uNref;vmaomtcg [Z&ofpvfrmefzm&pDocifu vwfqufaom pGeyf vGo H ;D rsm;xnfh
xm;onfh Aef;wpfu, kd mvmNy;D ud, k af wmftm;qufoav\/ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)utd?k pvfrmef
þpnf rnfodkYaom pGefyvGHoD;rsm; Nzpfoenf;[k ar;Nref;&m 4if;u udk,fawmfESifhudk,fawmf\
taqGawmfrsm;twGuf qG'u f m[f tvSL'geNzpfonfavQmufxm;av\/xdt k cgu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)
u igwYkd qG'u f m[fpm;Muolrsm;r[kwaf y/odt Yk wGuaf Mumifih gu, kd af wmfxyH g;rS,al qmifomG ;avmh
[k rdeMYf um;awmfrv l u kd \
f /
(igw[ Ykd o
l nftvdak bmrSm rnforl sm; Nzpfoenf;[l&mü tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;\ tqdu k vJG rJG &I adS v
\/tcsKUd ynm&Six f wH iG f ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)twGuAf [k0pfued ;f pmvH;k ,lvmNcif;rSm &dak oorINzifh
okHxm;Ncif;Nzpf\/tcsKdUynm&SifxH eADwrefawmfrsm;\ tkyfpkNzpfonf[lonf tvdkoabm&\/
(4if;Nyif tcsKUd ynm&Sirf sm;xHwiG f ud, k af wmfEiS Zhf um;ofpm;rydik o f nfh ud, k af wmf\aqG;rsK;d om;csi;f
rsm;Nzpf\/
wzef 'kw, d aeYwiG v f nf; þtwdik ;f yif pvfrmefocifonf pGeyf vGo H ;D rsm;yg&odS nfh vifAef;ud, k l
aqmifvmav\/4if;Nyif ud, k af wmf\ar;Nref;rItay: pvfrmefocifutd?k tv’m[fwrefawmfþ
onf ud, k af wmftwGu(f ['D,m)vufaqmifyemNzpfonf[k avQmufxm;&m ud, k af wmfu]]qG
[mA[f}}om0ursm;tm; vufvrS ;f &eftrde&Yf adS wmfrNl y;D ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)ud, k w f ikd v
f nf; oH;k
aqmifawmfrlav\/
aba*smuf&o D cifu 4if;\ tus,w f 0if;&Si;f vif;csuu f kd þodw Yk ifNyonfrmS [Z&ofpvfrmef
ocif\ þyHpk t kH wdik ;f ESpMf urd Ef pS cf g ,laqmifvmNcif;onf pifppfü ud, k af wmftm; ociftNzpfNyK
&efprf;ppfNcif;Nzpf\/tb,faMumifq h akd omfpf vfrmefocifonf a&S;acwfor,utdv k rmynm&Sif
rsm;teufrt S ygt0ifNzpfc\ hJ /4if;onf yxrusr;f *efrsm;wGif ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)&pl;vfNzpfNcif;\
vu©Pawmfrsm;udk zwfcNhJ y;D acs\/,if;usr;f *efrsm;wGif þonfuv kd nf;awGU&cdS ohJ nfrmS ud, k f
awmfonf(qG'u f m[f)tvSL'geudk pm;oH;k Ncif;r&Sb d J (['D,m)vufaqmifyemudo k m vufcaH wmf
rlavh&Sd\/xdkY?Nyif udk,fawmf\ycHk;awmfESpfbuftMum;ü]]eAl0of}}wHqdyfawmf&SdcJh\/
yxrtrSwt f om; ESpcf tk m; awGU NrifcNhJ y;D aemuf pvfrmefocifonf wrefawmf\ aemufausm
wGif]]eAl0of}}wHqdyfawmftm; awGU NrifNyD; rGpfvifNzpfoGm;av\/(xdktcsdefu pvfrmefonf
,[l;'fAeDudk &dkifZGg[f\ aus;uRefNzpfcJh\/)udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)u4if;tm; 0,f,lvdkufav\/
0,f,v l u
kd of nf[al om pmvH;k Nzifh oH;k xm;aomfvnf; pifppfwiG Af eDukd &dik Zf mG onf pvfrmefocif
tm;(rkumoAf)pmcsKyfpmwrf;Nzifh NyKvkyfcJh\/(rkumoAfqdkonfrSm ocifu rdrd\ aus;uReftm;
ydu
k q f þH rQcefY &SmazGay;rnfqykd gu toift h m; olaumif;NyKrnf [k pnf;urf;csuo f wfrw S x
f m;
Ncif;Nzpf\/xdkYNyif pmcsKyfpmwrf;wGif aiG'*Fg;rsm;pGmudk owfrSwfNyD; [Z&ofpvfrmeftaeESifh4if;
twGuf pGefyvGHyif tyifaygif; ]]oHk;&m}}udk pdkufysKd;í toD;rsm;oD;onfh wdkifatmif NyKpkay;&
rnf[k owfrSwfxm;\/
odNYk zpfí ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)onfrrd \ d vufawmfNzifh xdpk eG yf vGyH ifrsm;tm; ysK;d ay;awmfral v\/
ud, k af wmf\(rktaf *sZm[f)wefc;kd Asm'dw[ f mNzpfonfrmS tyiftm;vH;k xdEk pS t f wGi;f yiftoD;rsm;
oD;avawmh\/odaYk omf tyifwyifrmS toD;roD;&m pHpk rf;Ny;D onfah emuf [Z&oftrk &f\ vufNzifh
pdkufysKd;onf[kod&Sd&\/xdktcg udk,fawmfonf ,if;tyiftm; EIwfí 'kwd,tMudrf rdrd\vuf
awmfNzifh pdkufysKd;cdkuf\/udk,fawmf\ 'kwd, ]]rktfa*sZm[f}}rSm &moDrJhtyifpdkufysKd;aomfvnf;
xdkESpfyif toD;oD;Ncif;Nzpf\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
xdk['D;pfawmfü tdkvrmynm&Sifrsm;u oHk;oyfrIrsm;pGmudk NyKcJhMu\/Oyrm-pvfrmefocifonf
aus;uReNf zpfaomaMumifh 4if;\(qG'u f m[f)tvSL'geESihf (['D,m)vufaqmifyikd o f avm/4if;Nyif
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NzpfaomaMumifh 4if;tm; csecf ahJ v\/['D;pfawmfNzifh ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ "avhawmfwpfct k m;
od&&dS onfrmS (['D,m)vufaqmifypön;f rsm;wGit f yg;awmf&dS vlrsm;udvk nf; yg0ifraI y;awmfrl
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usrf;awmfrsm;wGifvnf; yg&Sdav\/
ud, k af wmf\ rdeaYf cRcsuw f pf&yf qifNh yefvm&So d nfrmS ud,
k af wmfNrwf(qG)onf tvf['g,mrGeo f
&fuoGef]]['D,m}}vufaqmifwGif teD;tem;&Sd xdkifaeolrsm;onfvnf; yg0ifav\/

,if;['D;pfawmfrmS cdik v f okH nfh ['D;pfawmf r[kwaf y/]]['D,m}}[kq&kd mü rnfoaYkd om(['D,m)
vufaqmiftm; qdv k ykd goenf;/4if;Nyif teD;tem;wGif xdik af eolrsm;[lonf tvdak bmrSm rnfoYkd
enf;/þpum;&yf rsm;wGif tus,fw0ef;&Sif;vif;rIvdkay\/
rGvv f m[ftvDum&D ocifu a&;om;cJo h nfrmS olawmfpif wpfyg;xH vlwpfO;D onf ]f ]['D,m}}
vufaqmifypönf;rsm;udk ,lí a&muf&Sdvm\/tem;wGifxdkifaeolwpfOD;utvf['g,mrGefo&f
uoGef ['D,mwGif tem;&Sdvlrsm;yg a0pkwGifyg0if\[k avQmufxm;&m olawmifpifMuD;u
a&m,Suyf g0ifNcif;udrk vdv k m;ay/uREykd o f nf wpfu, kd wf pfum,wnf udo k mESpo f ufoNl zpfonf/
þt&mtm;vH;k onf toif\ vufaqmifyemNzpfonf[k trde&Yf adS v\/(xdv k ufaqmifyemrsm;
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]]cg'ifr}f }tcdik ;f apawmftm; ,if;vufaqmif yemrsm;tm; xdo k \l tdro f yYkd aYkd y;&ef trde&Yf v
dS ukd f
av\/
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qufoNcif;cH&\/toifh&Sdaeolrsm;rS wpfOD;u tvf['g,mrGefo&fuoGef[k avQmufxm;&m
ocifMu;D u 4if;\tvdo k abmrSm oD;oefv Y ufaqmifyemNzpfonf[k rdeMYf um;Ny;D ]]cg'ifr}f }tcdik ;f
aptm; ,líxm; vdu k &f ef trde&Yf v
dS ukd \ f /
tdvk rmynm&Sirf sm;u a&;om;wifNyonfrmS taMumif;Nzpf&yf ESpcf pk vH;k rSm rdr\d yHpk w H if rSeu f ef
oifah wmfNy;D ]]azGum[f}}"zGowfynm&Siw f pfyg;twGuv f nf; þae&mwGi, f if;odrYk NyKNcif;omoifh
awmfay\/
atrmrftAl,pl w G zf (f &[)onf ausmMf um;aom azGum[fynm&Siw f pfyg;NzpfaomaMumifh tu,f
í 4if;wdkYtaeESifh þuJhodkYrNyKcJhygu(['D,)vufaqmifyemwGif yg0ifa&m,SufNcif; ta&;MuD;
onf[(k rwfpt f vm[f)wpfcNk zpfomG ;ayrnf/4if;NyiftrG o ® tf wGuvf nf;cufcrJ EI iS &hf ifqikd &f ayrnf/
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wpftyk u f kd a&;om;NyKpck \hJ /,if;pmtkyw f iG f tHzh ,
G x
f ;l qef;onfh tNzpftysut f aMumif;t&mrsm;
pGm yg&\dS /xdNYk yif ocifMu;D onf rdr\d crnf;awmfEiS yhf wfoufonf taMumif;t&mwpfcu k akd &;om;
xm;onfrSm]]tcgwpfyg;u acwfor,OD;ydkif;wGif uREdkyftm; xm0pOf&dkZmxm;&ef qEŃyif;Ny
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NzpfcJh\/
tdrfrufwGif udk,fawmfMum;zl;cJhonfrSm udk,fawmfonf rkefYwpfcsyfudkay;urf;awmfrlae\/
[Z&oftblAu&fq'dG ;D uf(&aoGU )ocifuvnf; <uNref;a&muf&adS e\/4if;u tvf['g,mrG&o fS &f
uoGef [ktrde&Yf adS v&m uREykd o f nfxrkd ek cYf syt f m;a&SU0,furf;vdu k \f /4if;u xdrYk ek cYf syu
f rkd S tydik ;f
wpfczk , hJ v
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onf xdkrkefYcsyftm;a&SU0,furf;vdkuf\/4if;uvnf; rkefYtydkif;wpfckudk,l vdkuf\/xdkrSwzef
[Z&oftpG rö mef(f &aoGU )ocifu tvf['g,mrG&o fS &fuoGef [ktrde&Yf NdS yef&m uREykd u f tu,fí
,if;rkefYcsyftm; ocifMuD;wdkYudkom a0iSay;vdkufrnfqdkygu uREdkyf(zuD;&f)twGufom usef&Sd
rnfenf;[k avQmufxm;vdu k \ f /
[Z&ofpvfrmefzmpD(&aoGU )ocifonf qG[A[frsm;teuf tygt0ifNzpf\/['D;pfawmfüvm&Sd
onfrmS usr;f Nrwfu&k t f mef\ tm,ofawmf 0tifeo f of0vfavmif?,qfoAf'v d af umifrm*dik ;f &
uGe?f pGrrf m?vm,ukEt k rfqmvuGr(f tu,fí toifw(kd tDrmef,Nl cif;+)rsuEf mS vTMJ uygrl xdt k &Sif
Nrwfonf toifwt Ykd m; toifw\ Ykd ae&mwGif tNcm;aomtrsK;d om;wdNYk zifh vJv, S af wmfral yrnf/
4if;wdo Yk nf toifwEYkd iS w hf Ml urnfr[kwaf y/(usa&mufvmaomtcg qG[A[frsm;utdt k v’m[f
&pl;vf xdo k w l o Ykd nf rnforl sm;NzpfMurnfenf;[k avQmufxm;ar;Nref;Mu&m ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)
u [Z&ofpvfrmefocif\yckH;awmfudk vufNzifhykwfí þolESifh4if;\ trsKd;om;wdkYNzpfMu\[k
rdefYawmfrlavonf/
xdNYk yif [Z&ofpvfrmefocifu, kd wf ikd f rdrt
d rD mef,cl yhJ ukH kd tus,w f 0ef;wifNyrdeq Yf o kd nfrmS uREykd f
onf]]plrmtqGfA[mef&Sda*s;}}trnf&Sd ae&mwpfae&mwGif aexdkifolNzpf\/uREdkyf\zcifonf
xdkae&m&Sd acgif;aqmiftMuD;tuJwpfOD;NzpfNyD; uREdkyftm; tvGefcspfcifNrwfEdk;olNzpf\/
uREdkyfonf rdrd\a&S;a[mif;bmomNzpfonfh rD;udk;uG,fonfh bmomwGifrsm;pGmMudK;yrf;cJh\/
wpfcguuREykd \ f zcifonf rdr\ d ukeyf pön;f rsm;xm;&S&d mbufoYkd apvTwcf \ hJ /vrf;c&D;wGif uREykd f
onf eqGm&mrsm;\ 0wfausmif;tem;rSNzwfausmfcJhav&m vSnfhywfMunfh&I&eftwGuf 0wfNyK
ausmif;awmftwGi;f odYk 0ifc\hJ /ausmif;twGi;f ü vlrsm; ermZf0wfNyKaeMuonfukd awGU Nrifav&m
uREykd t f aeESit hf vGeEf pS o f ufNy;D xdo k moemudv k nf;ESpo f ufaomaMumifh naexd0wfNyKausmif;ü
om tcsdefukefcJh\/
uREdkyfonf ausmif;twGif;&Sd vlrsm;tm; ,if;omoem\XecsKyf tb,frSmenf;[k ar;Nref;&m
4if;wdu Yk qD;&D;,m;Edik if w H iG f NzpfaMumif; aNymNycJMh u\/ntcsed af &mufí uREykd rf t f rd Nf yefaomvmt
cg tdr&f vdS rl sm;u wpfaeYv;kH tb,frmS aecJo h enf;[k ar;Nref;&m 4if;wdu Yk uREykd u
f Nzpf&yftm;vH;k
tm; aNymNyvdkuf\/
xdt k cg zcifu om;awmf xdo k moemrSm aumif;Nrwfonfh omoemr[kwaf y/toifEiS t hf oif\
tMu;D tuJrsm;\ omoemomvQif taumif;qH;k Nzpfay\[k aNymavonf/uREykd u f vnf; vH;k 0
r[kwfay/xdkomoemomvQif taumif;qHk;Nzpfonf[k aNymMum;vdkuf\/zcifonf uREdkyfwpf
ae&modo Yk mG ; vdu k rf nfupkd ;kd &dryf yl ifNy;D uREykd \ f aNcwpfbuftm; aNcxdycf wfí tdrt f wGi;f üom
vQif csKyfaESmifxm;av\/
uREykd of nf qD;&D;,m;Edik if rH S vmavh&o dS nfh ukeo f nfrsm;vmvQif owif;ay;&ef 4if;tDqmtDrsm;
xH aNymMum;cdik ;f cJ\ h /odNYk zifh ukeo f nftcsKUd vma&mufMuaomtcg ,if;tDqmtDwu Ykd uREykd tf m;
owif;ay;apcJ\ h /xdu k ek o f nfrsm;NyefomG ;Muavaomf uREykd o f nf aNcxdycf wfxm;onfo h MH uKd ;
tm; Nzwfawmufí 4if;wdkYESifhtwl qD;&D;,m;EdkifiHodkY xGufaNy;cJh\/
odkYaomf xdkyk*d¾Kvfonfh aumif;Nrwfaom yk*d¾Kvfr[kwfaMumif;udk odcJh&\/vlrsm;tm; tvSL'ge
NyK&efwdkufwGef;NyD; &&SdorQypönf;rsm;tm; rdrdbPfwdkufwGifpkaqmif;xm;onfhtNyif olqif;&J
rsm;tm; wpfpw Hk pf&mrQ ay;urf;Ncif;r&Sad cs/4if;ao;qH;k oGm;aomtcg 4if;\ae&mtpm; tNcm;
olwpfO;D tm; ae&may;cJíh xdo k rl mS 4if;xufyíkd aumif;ay\/'GE, Dé mudv
k nf; rufarmolr[kwf
ay/uREdkyfonf xdkol\a0,sm0pöNyKrIwGif aecJhNyD; xdkoltm; cspfNrwfEdk;cJh\/
aemufqHk; xdkolvnf; aoqHk;&efeD;uyfvmaomtcg uREdkyfonf xdkoltm; uREdkyfwpfOD;wpf
a,mufxHyg; ae&efrSmwrf;pum;aNymMum;yg[k aNymcJh&m?xdkoluuREdkyf\ vrf;pOfay:0,f'GEé
,mü yk*d¾KvfwpfOD;om&SdcJhaMumif; xdkyk*d¾Kvfonf]]rlqGDvf}}wGifaexdkifaMumif; aNymMum;cJh\/
xdkolao;qHk;NyD;aemuf uREdkyfonf ]]rlqGDvf}}NrdKUodkY oGm;a&mufNyD; xdkyk*d¾KvfESifhrdrd\ Nzpf&yft
aMumif;pHt k m;wifNy&m?4if;u rdr\ d a0,sm0pöNyKrw I iG f xm;vduk af v\/aemufq;kH xdyk *k K¾d vof nf
vnf; aoqH;k &eftcsed o f aYkd &muf&adS v&m uREykd o f nf 4if;tm;,cktb,fae&modo Yk mG ;&rnfenf;
[k ar;cJ\ h /xdk yk*K¾d vu
f ]]eqGAD ;D ef}}NrKd U&x dS ykd *k K¾d vx f yH g; oGm;a&mufae&ef aNymav\/uREykd v f nf;
4if;xHoGm;NyD; tusKd;taMumif;udk wifNy&m,if; yk*d¾Kvfu rdrdxHyg; ac:aqmifxm;vdkuf\/4if;
yk*d¾Kvfuvnf;umif;Nrwf olwpfOD;NzpfcJh\/xdkolao;qHk;&ef tcsdefodkY a&muf&Sd vmaomtcg
uREdkyfu ]],cktb,frSm oGm;&rnfenf;[k ar;&m 4if;u ]]*krl&D,m}}&Sd[dk-yk*d¾KvfxHoGm;&ef
aNymMum;cJh\/uREdkyfonfvnf; xdkae&modkYoGm;a&mufNyD; 4if;xHwGiftenf;i,f&SmazGvkyfudkif
MuKd ;yrf;rlaMumifh uREykd x f EH mG ;ESiqhf wd af umifa&tcsKUd Nzpf&v dS m\/4if;uG,v f eG cf sed f eD;uyfvmaomt
cg uREdkyfu]],ckrnfolxH oGm;&ygrnfenf;[k ar;&m4if;u}}tv’m[ftoQifNrwf\uprf,ck
uREykd w
f &Ykd cdS ohJ nfh vrf;pOftay:rnfonf]h ]tmvifr}f }ynm&Siw f pfO;D wpfa,mufrQruse&f adS wmhacs/
odaYk omf aemufq;kH eADyiG ahf y:rnfh acwftcsed f eD;uyfvmayNy;D ?,if;wrefawmfonf tpfA&m[D;rf
(t)\]]'D;ef}}omoemh ay:0,f&Sdvdrfrnf/
t&Afwikd ;f NynfwiG f zGm;NrifNy;D 4if]][pf*s&of}}NyKrnfah e&monfpeG yf vGyH ifrsm;pGm ayguaf &mufrnfh
aNrae&mNzpf\/xdw k refawmfonf]]['D,m}}vufaqmifukd vufcNH y;D qG'u f m[ftvSL'ge ypön;f
tm; oHk;aqmifrnfr[kwfay/
4if;\ycHk;ESpfbuftMum;wGif ]]eAl0of}}wqdyf&Sdayrnf/xdkYaMumifhtu,fí toifNzpfEdkifvQif
xdkaNrNyifae&modkY oGm;a&mufygav-
xdk yk*K¾d vaf o;qH;k Ny;D aemuf ]]A'luvDA}f }tEG,0f if&u dS ek o f nf tcsKUd wdo Yk nf xdak e&modYk a&muf&dS
vmMuNyD; uREdkyfu tu,fí toifwdkY tuREdkyftm;rdrdwdkYESifhtwl]]tm&Af}}odkYac:aqmifoGm;
rnfqv kd Qiþ f EGm;rsm;ESiq hf wd rf sm;udv k ufaqmiftNzpfay;rnf[ak Nym&m4if;wdu Yk vufcv H ukd Mu\/
xdkYaemuf uREdkyftm; ruú[fNrdKUawmfodkY ac:aqmifoGm;Muav\/uREdkyfonf rdrdxH&SdaomEGm;ESifh
qdwrf sm;ud4k if;wdt Yk m;ay;vdu k \ f /odaYk omf4if;wdu Yk uREykd t f m; þrw&m;nOf;yrf;rIuNkd yKonfrmS
aus;uRet f Nzpf xkwaf zmfNy;D a&mif;vdu k \f /AEku&kd ikd Zf mG [f trsK;d tEG,rf S ,[lwpfO;D u uREykd t f m;
0,f,lvdkufNyD;rdrd\arG;&yfXmae r'DemNrdKUIawmfodkYac:aqmifoGm;av\/
r'DemNrdKUIawmfudk awGU NrifonfESifhuREdkyfonf *krl&D,mNrdKU&Sd(c&pf,mefbkef;awmfMuD;)NyocJhonfh
vu©PmtrSwf&oGm;av\/þrQESifhudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)onf ruú[fNrdKUawmfodkY([pf*s&of)NyKí
<uNref;vm\/xdt k csed u f ud, k af wmfonf ]ukAm}ausmif;awmfüom aexdik cf \hJ /uREykd o f nf ud, k f
awmf\owif;udkMum;NyD; uREdkyfxHwGif&SdonfwdkYudk,laqmifNyD; þonf ]qG'fum[f}ypönf;Nzpf
onf[k avQmufxm;&m udk,fawmfonf udk,fwdkif oHk;aqmifawmfrrlbJ om0uMuD;rsm;tm;
pm;oHk;&efrdefYvdkuf\/
uREdkyfonf rdrd\pdwfü trSwftom;wckawmh xifay:vmNyD[k aNymNyD;ypönf;tcsKdU udkxyfrHpk
aqmif;\/xdkumvtwGif; udk,fawmfvnf; r'DemNrdKUIawmfodkY <uNref;a&muf&Sdae\/
uREykd of n(fpeG yf vGo H ;D rsm;ESiphf m;aomufz, G f tp&So d nf)wdu Yk kd qufoNy;D þonf]['D,m}vuf
aqmifyemNzpfonf[k avQmufxm;&m ud, k af wmfonf4if;rSo;kH aqmifawmfral v\/xdt k cguREykd f
onf rdrd\pdwf0,f þ0,f 'kwd,trSwftom;Nzpfonf[k xifrSwfvdkuf\/
xdaYk emufyikd ;f wpfMurd w f iG f uREykd o f nf ud, k af wmf\tcpm;odYk 0ifa&mufav&m xdt k csed f ud, k f
awmfonf(qG[mA[fwyg;\-*semZ[fü yg0ifraI Mumif)h ]AuD;tf}ocFsKid ;f awmfwiG f <uNref;a&muf
&Sad e\/uREykd u f pvmrfqufovdu k af v\/4if;Nyif ud, k af wmf\aemufausmodv Yk nS ahf v&m ud, k f
awmfonf oabmaygufoGm;NyD; rdrd\NcHKxnftm; cg;rSz,f&Sm;vdkuf\/uREdkyfonf]eAl0of}wH
qdyaf wmftm; awGU NrifNy;D pdwq f EŃyif;NyrIwiG f ]eAl0of}wHqyd af wmftm; erf;&Iyv f suf id, k akd eav
\/xdt k cg ud, k af wmfu a&SUov Ykd m&ef rdeaYf v&m uREykd o f nf ud, k af wmf\a&SU0,fa&muf&NdS y;D
rdrd\Nzpf&yftm;vHk; wifNyvdkuf\/
xdkYaemufydkif; uREdkyfonf rdrduRefvkyfief;rsm;wGif epfrGef;aecJh&\/
tcgwyg;u ud, k af wmfonf toif\rdr\d ocifEiS hf pmcsKypf mwrf;NyKvyk yf g[k rdeaYf wmfr&l m uREykd f
onf ocifEiS rhf rd d uReb f 0rS vGwaf Nrmuf&ef ,if;udpt ö m;aqG;aEG;vdu k \
f /4if;upmcsKypf mwrf;
wGif t&mESpfcktm; owfrSwfvdkuf\/wpfckrSm a&T(atmufud,m 40 ESifh 'kwd, owfrSwfcsuf
wpfcrk mS pGeyf vGt H yifaygi;f oH;k &mpdu k yf sK;d ay;&efNzpf\/odNYk zifh ud,k af wmfNrwf(qG)onf rdr\ d vuf
awmfNzifh pdkufysKd;ay;av\/
xdNYk yif rarQmvf ifo h nfwh pfae&mrS a&Trsm; ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)xHyg; a&muf&v dS m&m ud, k af wmfonf
[Z&ofpvfrmeftm; rdrd\pmcsKyfpmwrf;wGif oGm;a&mufay;&ef csD;Nr§ifhawmfrlvdkuf\/4if;u
tdk - ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)onf þonfvakH vmufrnfavm[k avQmufxm;&m ud, k af wmfu
rnfodkYrQ thHMozG,f&mr&Sdacs tv’m[ftoQifNrwf NznfhpGrf;ay;rnf[k rdefYMum;vdkuf\/
odkYNzifh uREdkyfonf ,laqmifoGm;NyD; 4if;xHrS a&T (atmufuD,m) 40 udk csdefwG,fíay;vdkuf\/
xdt k aMumif;t&mrS od&&dS onfrmS ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)[Z&ofpvfrmefociftm; 0,f,Nl cif;onf
4if;\aus;uReb f 0rS vGwaf Nrmuf&ef pmcsKypf mwrf;wGif ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)uom ay;qyfc\ hJ /
rdrd\vufawmfNzihf pGefyvGefyifpdkufysKd;ay;cJhNcif;Nzpf\/
(7) tAleof&mofocifu aNymMum;onfrmS uREykd o f nf tAlptD;'fc'G &f ;D (&aoGU )tm; ud, k af wmf
Nrwf(qG)\ ]eAl0of}wHqyd af wmftm; ar;Nref;aomtcg4if;u ud, k af wmf\ aemufausmay:0,f
rdkYxGufaeonfh pmom;wHk;wpfwHk;Nzpfonf[k wifNycJh\/
(8) tAÁ'kvm[fAifefp&f*s'focifu aNymMum;onfrSm uREdkyfonf udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ tcpm;
odYk 0ifa&mufc\ hJ /xdt k csed f ud,k af wmf\xHawmfyg;0,f vlrsm;pk&;Hk ae\/uREykd o f nf ud, k af wmf\
aemufausmay:wiG f vSnyhf wfavQmufae\/uREykd \f qE´rnfo&Ykd o dS nfukd ud, k af wmfonf oabmf
ayguo f mG ;Ny;D rdr\d aemufausmrS NcKH xnfuckd Rwv f u
kd \f /xdt k cguREykd of nf]eAl0of}wHqyd af wmf
tm;ud, k af wmf\ycH;k ESpzf ufMum; vufo;D qkyt f &G,yf rm awGU Nrif&av\/4if;\av;bufav;&H
wGif rJhrsm;&Sd\/
wzef uREykd o f nf ud, k af wmf\ a&SU0,f0ifa&mufí ]]tv’m[ftoQiNf rwf ud, k af wmftm;(r*faz
&of)NyKyg[k}}avQmufxm;&m udk,fawmfu tv’m[ftoQifNrwf toifudkvnf;bJ(r*faz&of)
vGwfNidrf;cGifhay;yg[k rdefYawmfrlav\/
vlrsm;u]]udk,fawmfonf toifhtwGuf vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGifh qkrGefudkNyKay;\ }} [kaNym&m
uREykd u
f ]][kwu f }hJ }toifwt Ykd wGuv f nf; Nzpfonf[k aNymMum;vdu k \f /tb,faMumifq h akd omf
tv’m[ftoQiNf rwf\ Asm'dwaf wmfvm&So d nfrmS ]]tdrk [k r®'(f qG)rdrtd wGuv f nf;vGwNf ird ;f csr;f om
cGi\hf 'dt
k mNyKyg/rktrf ifef trsK;d om;ESit hf rsK;d orD;rsm;twGuv f nf; 'dt k mNyKygav/(þtwGuaf Mumifh
udk,fawmfonf tm;vHk;twGuf vGwfNidrf;csrf;omrl\ 'dktmqkrGefudk NyKNyD;cJhacs\/)
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udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ OD;acgif;qHawmfrsm;taMumif;
odrSwfzG,f&m
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ qHawmfyHkpHrsm;wGif qifhNyefcsuf tqdkuJGvGJrlrsm;&Sd\/odkYaomf 4if;wdkYwGif
qefYusifbuf wpfpkHwpf&mr&Sdacs/tb,faMumifhqdkaomf qHyifonf &Snfvmaomt&mNzpf\/
umvtcsed w f pfcsed w
f iG f tu,fíemEkx&d adS omf tNcm;aomumvwpfcsed w f iG f xdx
k uf&n S o f mG ;
avonf/
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ tMudrfaygif;rsm;pGm qHawmf xHk;Ncif;yg&Sdxm;\/xHk;cgp tcsdefu awGU
NrifcohJ o
l nf qHawmfwNkd cif;udk qifNh yefNy;D qHawmf xH;k Ny;D tcsed u f mvMumNrifrh aS wGU Nrifco hJ nfukd
qifhNyefolonf qHawmf&SnfNcif;udk qifhNyef\/
tcsKdUaom tdkvrmynm&Sifrsm;u þuJhodkYñSdí pkaqmif;onfrSmOD;acgif;awmf\ a&S;OD;ydkif;&Sd
qHawmfrmS em;0ufxad &mufavh&NdS y;D OD;acgi;f v,f&q dS aH wmfrmS xdx k uf&n
S \ f /4if;NyifO;D acgi;f t
&if;rS qHawmfrSm ycHk;em;xda&muf&SdoGm;av\/,if;tcef;u@wGif atrrfoD&farhZDocifu
['D;pfawmf(8)yk'fudk wifNyxm;avonf/
(1) [Z&oftewfpf ocifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS ud,k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ qHawmfonf em;0ufx&d cdS \hJ /
(2) [Z&oftmat&Sm[focifru trde&Yf o dS nfrmS uRerf ESiu hf ,
kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onf td;k wpft;kd
wnf;rStwl a&csK;d av\/4if;Nyif ud, k af wmf\ qHawmfrmS em;Ekxad &mufaeav\/qdv k o kd nfrmS
tvGef&Snfívnf;raeay/wdkívnf; raeay/tv,ftvwfwef;pm;&Sd\/
rSwfom;zG,f&m
xd[k 'D;pfawmfrS ESpOf ;D pvH;k 0wfvpfpvpfa&csK;d onf[k rod&&dS ay/tb,faMumifq h akd omftmat
&Sm[focifrud, k wf ikd f trde&Yf o
dS nfrmS uRerf onf ud, k af wmf\t&Suaf e&mudk rMunfch o hJ vdk
ud, k af wmfuvnf; uRerf t&Suaf e&mudk b,faomtcgrQ rMunfch aH y/
þuJhodkY a&;csKd;Ncif;onf yHkpHrsm;pGmNzpfEdkif\/yxryHkpHrSma&;csKd;NzpfoGm;&efwpfOD;ESifhwpfOD;a&SU
wGif 0wfvpfpvpf rNzpfoGm;ap&efvnf;Nzpf\/xdk['D;pfawmfwGif trsKd;om;ESifhtrsKd;orD;tm;
wpfckwnf;rS twla&csKd;Ncif;yg&Sdav\/tdkvrmynm&Sifrsm;onf atrmrfem00D\tqdkay:0,f
,if;yHkpHydkif;onfhtay: wpfnDwpfnTwfwnf;&SdMu\/
'kwd,yHkpHrSm trsKd;om;u yxrt,if a&csKd;NyD; 4if;\csKd;NyD;om;a&;usefESifhtrsKd;om;ua&csKd;
Ncif;Nzpf\/þonfvnf;yJ tm;vH;k xHwiG f ydik af v\/wwd,yHpk rH mS 4if;\qefu Y sib f uftrsK;d orD;u
yxrt,if a&csK;d Ny;D trsK;d om;u4if;\csK;d Ny;D oma&useNf zifah &csK;d Ncif;Nzpf\/þyHpk o H nf [ezD,m?
&SmzDt, D m?rmvDuD wdx Yk wH iG yf ikd ;f Ny;D [emADvmwdu Yk 4if;tm; rydik [ f w k ifNyMu\/tu,fí a&;
csKd;onfhtcsdef xdkae&mwGif trsKd;om;&Sdaeyguvnf; ydkifonf[k 4if;rdefYqdkMu\/
(3) [Z&ofA&m;toocifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS ]]&pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onfcE¨mud, k tf &yft
armif; tv,ftvwfwef;pm;&SdolNzpf\/udk,fawmf\ycHk;ESpfbuftMum;ae&mrSmus,fNyefYNyD;
qHawmfrSm em;Ekxd&Sdav\/
(4) uom'gocifu aNymMum;onfrmS ]]uREykd o f nf [Z&oftewfpf ociftm; ud, k af wmfNrwf
(qG)\qHawmfypHk rH nfoeYkd nf;[kar;&m 4if;u þodt Yk rde&Yf adS v\/ud, k af wmf\qHawmfonf t
aNzmifch sn;f vnf;r[kwaf y/aumufívnf;raeay/odaYk omf tenf;i,fviId ;f xaeonfh qHawmf
Nzpf\/4if;rSm em;Ekxd&Sdav\/
(5) tGar®[meDocifr rdeMYf um;onfrmS ]]&pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onf([pf*s&of)NyKNy;D aemuft
cgwpfyg;ü ruúm[fa&TNrdKUawmfodkY <uNref;vmaomtcg qHawmfonf uspfqHyHkpH(4)ckNzifh awGU
cJh&onf/
rSwfom;zG,f&m
ausmMf um;aom tqdt k & [d*s&wf aemufyikd ;f wrefawmfNrwf(qG)onf ruúm[foUkd av;acguf
oGm;cJ\h /yxr tGr&® oGvu f ZmtwGuf [d*s&(D 7)wGiv f nf;aumif;?[d*s&(D 8)wGirf uúm[fukd atmif
Edik o
f nft h cg/wzef þc&D;rSmyif tGr&® m*s&f memtwGuf vnf;aumif;?[d*s&(D 10)wGif [*st f wGuf
oGm;cJ\h /þ['D;pfwiG f ruúm[fo<Ykd uvmNcif;rSm bJ*sL&Docif tqdt k & ruúm[f(zom[f)atmifEikd f
rItwGuf <uvmNcif;Nzpf\/rZma[a&[cfusrf;ü þtwdkif;yg&Sd\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
trsK;d om;rsm;twGuf trsK;d orD;rsm;uJo h Ykd uspqf u H spNf cif;]]ruú&[ k }f }Nzpfay\/xd[ k 'D;pfawmfwiG f
yHpk rH wlNzpfaponfh tvdo k abmudo k m aumuf,El ikd af y\/yHpk w H ,
l Nl cif;ESihf ywfoufNy;D ud, k af wmf
Nrwf(qG)udk,fwdkif wm;NrpfcJhav\/
(6) om0uMuD; tewfpf ocifu qifhNyefcJhonfrSm &pl;vfudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ qHawmfrSm
em;0ufxd&Sdav\/
(7) om0uMu;D tdAaf etAÁmpfocifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS ]]tpyxrydik ;f wGiu f ,
kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onf
qHawmftm;(rmef*f)tv,frSrcJGbJ þtwdkif;vTwfxm;avh&Sd\/þodkYNyK&Ncif;taMumif;&if;rSm
(rk&&dS pfu)f rsm;onf tv,frq S yH ifcaGJ vh&NdS y;D (tvfavhuo D mAf)wdrYk mS þodNYk yKavhr&SMd uacs/tp
eOD;ydik ;f wGif ud,

k af wmfonfrnfonfyh nmcsuf wpfpw Hk pf&mrS rusa&mufcahJ omaMumif(h tvfav
uDomAf)wdkYESifhenf;wl qHawmfudk a&SUodkYcsízD;cJh\/odkYaomf aemufydkif;wGif þynwfcsufrSm
7kyo
f rd ;f y,fzsuNf cif; cH&av\/odt
Yk wGuaf Mumifh ud, k af wmfonfhf (tvfavuDomAf)wdEYk iS q
hf efY
usifbufNyK(rmef*f)tv,fcGJzD;cJh\/
(8) tGar®[meDocifr trdefY&SdonfrSm uRefronf udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)tm; uspfqHyHkpH(4)ckNzifh
awGU&SdcJh\/
rSwfom;zG,f&m
þ['D;pfonfvnf; yxr['D;pftwdkif;omNzpf\/
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]]udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)qHawmfrsm;tm; bD;zD;Ncif;taMumif;}}
qHyiftm; bD;zD;Ncif;onf(rGwpf o f [Af)Nzpfay\/ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)ud, k wf ikd uf vnf; vHaI qmfay;
xm;onft h Nyif rdr\d qHawmfrsm;wGif bD;zD;avh&\dS /,if;taMumif;t&mESiphf yfvsO;f í atrmrfo&d f
ZDocifu ['D;awmf]]ig;}}yk'ftm;wifNyvdkufayonf/
(1) [Z&oftmat&Sm[focifr trde&Yf cdS o hJ nfrmS uRerf onf eADu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)\ qHawmf
rsm;wGif bD;zD;avh&Sd\/pifppfwGif uRefronf &moDyef;yGifhaeonfhumvNzpf\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
xd[ k 'D;awmfrS tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;u &moDyef;yGiahf eonfh trsK;d orD;taeESirhf rd \d trsK;d om;tm;
NyKpkNcif; ydkifaMumif;?odkYaomf umrpyf,SufNcif;poNzifhrydkifaMumif;(rwfpftvm[f)EIwfav\/
[dkufZf&moDyef;yGifhcsdef trsKd;orD;\wudk,fvHk; roefYrNzpfacs/
(2) om0oMu;D tewfpf ocifu rdeMYf um;cJo h nfrmS &pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onf rdr\ d OD;acgi;f
0,f rsm;aomtm;Nzifh qDut kd oH;k NyKavh&NdS y;D rdr\d ('g&)D rkwqf w d af wmfwiG f trsm;tm;Nzifh bD;zD;av
&Sd\/xdkYNyif rdrdOD;acgif;ay:0,f t0wfwpfcktm; xm;avh&Sd\/4if;rSm qDudkrsm;pGm toHk;NyKaom
aMumifh qDpdrfxm;onfh t0wfyrmNzpfae\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
qdv k okd nfo h abmrSm qDaMumifh t0wftpm;rSm raumif;NzpfomG ;&av\/þtwGuaf Mumifh 4if;
tm;xdef;odrf;&eftwGuf acgif;aygif;npfnrf;rI rNzpfoGm;ap&ef t0wfwpfcktm; OD;acgif;ay:
xm;avh&Sd\/
(3) tmat&Sm[focifru trde&Yf o dS nfrmS &pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onf0Zkd Nl yK&mwGiv f nf;aumif;
bD;zD;&müvnf;aumif;?zdeyf0wf&müvnf;aumif; tcsKyq f &kd aomf vkyif ef;wdik ;f wGif nmbuftm;
OD;pm;ay;avh&Sd\/qdkvdkonfrSm yxrnmbuf bD;zD;í wzef b,fbuftm; zD;awmfrl\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
&pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onf t&m&mwdik ;f tm; nmbufrS tpNyKNcif;udEk pS o f ufc\hJ /,if;aMumifh
['D;awmf\ t"dyÜ,fwGif t&m&mwdkif;[lonfhpmvHk;tm;ydkíoHk;xm;Ncif;Nzpf\/
4if;\ rI&if;Oya'rSm tMuift&monf vSyrGeNf rwfr&I ydS gu 4if;tm; 0wf&münmbufrS tvsit f p
NyKavh&Sd\/Oyrm t0wftpm;?zdeyfwdkYNzpfNyD; cRwfaomtcg b,fbufrS pwifcRwfav\/xdkYNyif
tMuift&monf vSyrItwGufr[kwfygu 4if;tm; b,fbufrStvsiftpNyK&ayonf/Oyrm
taygt h av;oGm;Ncif;?xdo Yk oYkd mG ;&mwGif b,fbufaNcaxmufrS tvsit f pNyK&Ny;D xGuo f nft h cg
nmbufaNcaxmufNzifhtvsifxGuf&ayrnf/
AvDo0Ykd ifxu G Nf cif;ESihf qefuY sib f ufNzpf\/tb,fah Mumifq h akd omfAvD0wfausmif;awmfonf Nrifh
Nrwfr\ I ae&mNzpfaomaMumifh AvDtwGi;f odYk 0ifaomtcgnmaNcNzifh tvsiv f rS ;f í xGuo f nft h cg
b,faNcNzifh tvsifvSrf;&ayrnf/
(4) tAÁ'v G m’ [fAiferf kd+zvfocifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS ]ud,
k af wmfNrwf(qG)onf wpfcgwpf&rH v S íJG
bD;zD;Ncif;udk wm;Nrpfawmfrlavh&Sd\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
tAl'g0;l 'fusr;f &Sd ['D;pfawmfwpf&yfwiG f ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)rSmvnf;aeYpOfacgi;f zD;Ncif;\wm;Nrpf
rI?qifNh ywfvm&S\d /tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;u a&;om;xm;MuonfrmS þwm;Nrpfcsuo f nf vdtk yfrrI
&So
d nft h cgwiG Nf zpf\/odrYk [kwv f Qif rnforYkd Q taMumif;wpfpw Hk pf&mr&Sad cs/umZDt,m;Zfocifu
wpfcgwpf&q H o kd nfrmS (3)&ufcefrY Qukd qdv k ykd gonf/þwm;Nrpfcsurf mS vnf; ruú&[ l o
f efZND zpf\/
tvStytwGuf zD;Ncif;?ruú&l[f Nzpfí vdktyfygu aeYpOfzD;Ncif;?ruú&l[f r[kwfay/
(5) [rD;'fAifeftAÁ'l&f&[frmefocifu qG[mA[fwpfyg;xHrS qifhNyefcJhonfrSm&pl;vfudk,fawmf
Nrwf(qG)onf wpfcgwpf&H bD;zD;awmfrlavh&Sd\/
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○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ OD;acgif;0,f qHawmfNzLvmNcif; taMumif;
,if;tcef;u@wGif atrmrfod&farhZDocifonf ['D;pfawmf (8) yk'ftm; wifNyxm;avonf/
(1) uom'g[focifu aNymMum;onfrSm ]]uREdkyfonfudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)(acoGmAf)NyKavh &Sdo
avm[k tewfpo f ciftm; ar;Nref;&m 4if;u (acoGmAf NyKonft h qifx h ad &mufatmif ud, k af wmf\
qHawmfrsm; rNzLao;ay[k trdefY&SdcJh\/(acoGmAf)qdkonfrSm qHyifeufqdk;aq;udkac:onf/)
qHawmfNzLrsm;onf ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ em;o,fpyfEpS b f ufpvH;k wGif tenf;o,frQom&Scd \ hJ /
odrSwfzG,f&m
]]uorf}}onf qHyifaq;qd;k &aom NrufwpfrsK;d Nzpfav\/tcsKUd uaNymMuonfrmS ]uorf}Nzifh
aq;a&mifq;kd Ncif;onf teufa&mifuNkd zpfay:Ny;D 'ef;&GuNf zifah &mvdu k v f Qif teDa&mifNzpfomG ;av\/
4if;Nyif tcsKUd uaNymMuonfrmS ]uorf}\aq;a&mifonf tpdr;f a&mifNzpfNy;D 'ef;&Guaf &mvdu k v
f Qif
teufa&mifoef;oGm;av\/
rGvv f mtvDum&Docifu aNymMum;onfrmS vTr;f rd;k rIay:omvQif rlwnfay\/tu,fí]uorf}
uvTr;f rd;k oGm;vQi(f acoGmAf)aq;a&mifrmS eufomG ;Ny;D 'ef;&Guu f ydrk sm;vQit f eDa&mifNzpfomG ;av\/
tcsKyfqdk&aomff (acoGmAf)aq;qdk;Ncif;onf 4if;wdkYESpfckpvHk;Nzifh ydkifay\/odkYaomf teufa&mifr
Nzpf&ay/tb,faMumifq h akd omf teufa&mif(acoGmAf)aq;qd;k Ncif;tm; ['D;pfawmfrsm;wGif wm;
Nrpfxm;ay\/
(2) [Z&oftewfpf ocifu trdefY&SdonfrSm uREdkyfonfudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ OD;acgif;ESifh('g&D)
rkwfqdwfawmfwGif (14) yifxufydkíNzLaom tarT;tyifrsm;udk ra&wGufcJhacs/
odrSwfzG,f&m
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ qHawmfNzL tarT;trSifrSm tvGefenf;yg;av\/odkYaomfta&twGufwGif
uGvJ rJG &I \
dS /txufygqifNh yefcsut f & (14) yif[k od&&dS aomfvnf; tcsKUd aomqifNh yefcsurf sm;wGif
(17) yif (18) yif 4if;Nyif tcsKdUütarT;tyif(20) xd NzLaeonf[k od&Sd&\/þonf rnfodkYrQ
tqdkuGJvGJzG,f&mpum;&yfr[kwfay/acwfumvtaNymif;tvJay:vnf;NzpfEdkifNyD; a&wGuf&mü
Ncm;em;rI&SdNcif;tay:vnf; NzpfEdkifay\/
(3) [Z&of*smAd&o f ciftm; wpfO;D wpfa,mufu wrefawmfNrwf(qG)\ qHawmfNzLrsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f
í ar;Nref;aomtcg 4if;uþodt Yk rde&Yf adS v\/ud,
k af wmfNrwf(qG)qDvrd ;f usH awmfrx l m;aomtcg
rnfodkYrQrod&Sd&acs/odkYr[kwfvQif qHawmfNzLtcsKdUudk[dkae&m'Dae&m awGU Nrif&av\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
qDvdrf;usHxm;onftcg qHawmftm;vHk;rSm awmufyvmaomaMumifh qHawmfNzLrsm;rSm qD\
awmufyrIwiG f a&maESmoGm;av\/(odrYk [kw)f qDaMumifq h aH wmfarT;rsm;rSm odyof nf;oGm;Ny;D qH
awmfNzLrsm;enf;yg;aomaMumifh zHk;oGm;av\/xdkYNyifqDrvdrf;usHxm;aomtcg qHawmfrsm;yGae
aomaMumifh qHawmfrsm; ay:vGifvmavonf/
(4) tdAaf etkr&focifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ qHawmfNzLtarT;trSirf sm;rSm(20)
cefYrQ&Sdav\/
(5) tdAaf etAÁm;pfocifu ttrde&Yf cdS o hJ nf [Z&oftblAu&fq'dG ;D ufocifu avQmufxm;onf
rSm ]]tdk tv’m[f\&pl;vfwrefawmfu, kd af wmf tdrk if;oGm;avNy(D 4if;\taMumif;t&if;rSm rnfoYkd
enf; pifppfudk,fawmfcE¨mudk,f t&G,ftpm;inf EkysKdrIudk vdk;vm;\/odkYr[kwf udk,fawmf\
oufawmfrmS þtcsed x f Ed yk sKrd u
I o kd m vdv k m;\/xdt k cg wrefawmfNrwf(qG)u ]igu, kd af wmftm;
pl&m[f[;l 'f?pl&m[f0gut d m?pl&m[fr&k pf vm;of?4if;Nyif pl&m[ftr®,opmtvl;efEiS phf &l m[ftZd &f
&Srfpkuk0D&oftp&Sdonfh pl&m[frsm;u tdk;rif;&ifha&mfatmif NyKvdkufavonf/
odrSwfzG,f&m
,if;pl&m[frsm;omru pl&m[ftvf[mu[f pl&m[ftvfum&DtvfEiS phf &l m[f*g&t dS mtp&So d nfh
pl&m[frsm;?taMumif;vnf; vm&Sad v\/Oyrm - ud,mr[f? *s[Eér?f pl;&fwyH ;kd ESiehf zl;pmqdak om
vlrsm;\ aemufqHk;ed*dk; ponfwdkYNzpf\/
þtwGufaMumifh ['D;pfawmfw&yfwGif vm&Sdav\/&pl;vfudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)rdefYMum;awmfrlcJh
onfrmS ]uREykf of &d xdS m;onft h aMumif;t&mrsm;tm; tu,fítoifwo Ykd mod&odS mG ;rnfqv kd Qif
tenf;i,fom&,fí rsm;aNrmifpGmidk,dkMuvdrfhrnf/xdkrQru ZeD;r,m;rsm;xH oGm;Ncif;udkvnf;
pGefYvTwfvdkufMuayrnf/
&S&[kppf EG [
é u
f sr;f wGif a&;om;xm;onfrmS yk*K¾d vw f pfO;D onf ud,k af wmfNrwf(qG)tm; tdrrf uf
wGif Nrifrufav\/4if;u avQmufxm;onfrSm tdk -tv’m[f\wrefawmf uREfkyfxH þ['D;pf
a&mufcJhav\/4if;üudk,fawmfurdefYonfrSm pl&mof[l;'fonf igudk,fawmftm;tdk;rif;&ifha&mf
atmif NyKvdkufavonf/þonf rnfodkYenf;/xdktcg udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)u,if; pl&mofü
(0pfouDrfurmtdkrd&fom)'Def;omemay:0,f trdefY&Sdxm;onfhtwdkif; MuHhcdkifpGmaeygav[lonfh
tm,ofwpfck&Sdonf[k rdefYMum;awmfrlvdkuf\/
xdkYNyiftrdefYtwdkif; tNynfht0MuHhcdkifpGmaeNcif;rSm tvGefw&myif cJ,Of;vSonfhtvkyfwpfckNzpf
onfrSm xif&Sm;vSay\/þtwGufaMumifh (plzD,m)olawmfpifMuD;rsm;u a&;om;MuonfrSm
MuHhcdkifpGmaeNcif;onf axmifaygif;rsm;pGmaom(u&mrof)wefcdk;rsm;xuf NrifhNrwfay\/
(6) tbl*sLd[dkifzm[focifu trdefY&SdcJhonf/vlrsm;u avQmufxm;MuonfrSm tdk -tv’m[f\
&pl;vfu, kd af wmftay: tm;tifcsKUd wrhJ I tp&So d nfh tdrk if;Ncif;\ t&dyt f a&mifukd xifrw S &f av\/
xdtk cgu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)u igu, kd af wmftm; pl&mof[;l 'fuo hJ Ykd pl&mofrsm;u tm;tifcsKUdwahJ tmif
NyKvu kd af vonf[k rdeMYf um;awmfrv l u
kd \ f /
odrSwfzG,f&m
Zmr[f&S&DocifuaNymMum;onfrSmuREfkyfonf pmtkyfwpftkyfwGif zwfcJh&\/yk*d¾KvfwpfOD;onf
naetcsdefwkef;u qHyifvGefpGmeufMuKwfvsuf EkysKdolNzpfcJh\/wpfnwnf;twGif; vkH;0NzLazG;
oGm;avonf/vlrsm;uar;Nref;Muaomtcg 4if;u]uREfkyfonf nuud,mrof}\Nrif;uGif;udk
awGU Nrifc&hJ onfrmS vlrsm;tm; oHMuKd ;rsm;Nzifq h íJG (*s[Eér)f i&Jbx kH o
J Ukd xnfo h iG ;f Ncif;cHae&onf/
xdNk rifuiG ;f \taMumufrufz, G &f maMumifh wpfnwnf;twGi;f uREykf t f m; þtaNctaeodq Yk ukd f
a&muf&Ncif;Nzpfonf[kaNzMum;av\/
['D;pfawmfwpf&yfwiG v f m&So
d nfrmS ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)onfwpfaeY rkwq f w
d af awmfukd rdrv d uf
Nzifh zGudkifvsuf avQmufxm;onfudk om0uMuD; tAlAu&focifESifh tGrfr&focifwdkYu awGU
Nrifí ar;avQmufav\/tdk wrefawmfNrwf(qG)uREykf w f \Ykd rdbrsm;onf toiftay: pGev Yf wT yf g\/
ud, k af wmf\&kyaf wmftm;,ck tdrk if;onfyh pkH H awGU&ygonf[ak Nymí id, k Mkd u\/xdt k cg ud, k af wmf
Nrwf(qG)u ightm; pl&mof[l;'fuJhodkY pl&mofrsm;u tdkrif;apcJhonf[k trdefY&Sd\/
(7) tbl&rfpm[foikd rf D ocifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS rdr\ d om;awmftm; twlac:aqmifvsuf wref
awmfNrwf(qG)tcpm;odkY0ifa&mufcJh\/vlrsm;onf uREfkyfudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)udk NyoMuav&m
uREfkyfonf udk,fawmfNrwftm;awGU NrifonfESihfEIwwfrS þonf tv’m[ftoQifNrwf\ppfrSef
onfh eADNzpfonf[k aNymvdu k \f /
xdt k csed f ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)onf t0wfprd ;f wpHu k kd 0wfqifawmfrx l m;\/(qdv k o kd nfrmS vHck snf
rSmvnf; tpdrf;a&mifNzpfNyD; NcHKxnfrSmvnf; tpdrf;a&mifNzpf\/)
4if;Nyif ud, k af wmf\qHawmfrsm;ay:0,f tdrk if;Ncif;\ t&dyt f a&mifvrT ;f ae\/odaYk omf qHawmfrsm;
rSm eD;Nref;ae\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
ud, k af wmf\rsuEf mS awmfay:0,f odum© Mu;D Nrifrh \ I t&dyt f a&mifEiS ehf ADNzpfNcif;\]El;&f}a&mifNcnf
awmf&SdcJhonfrSm 4if;tm;awGU NrifNyD; vlrsm;\EIwfrS r&nf&G,fyJ þuJhodkY pum;rsm;xGufoGm;
&avh&Sd\/txufyg ['D;pfawmfü udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ eDNref;aomqHawmftaMumif; yg&Sd\/
4if;pyfvsO;f í tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;\ tqdu k v JG rJG &I odS nfrmS ud,k af wmfonf (acoGmAf)qHawmfaq;
qdk;Ncif;NyKonfavm (odkY) rNyKoavm/
tcsKUd ynm&Sirf sm;u aq;qd;k onf[k rdeq Yf Mkd u\/tcsKUd u ,if;tqdrk NS iif;qdMk u\/4if;wdu Yk trdeYf
&SdMuonfrSm qHyifonf NzLoGm;onfhtcsdef trsm;tm;Nzifh yxrtMudrfü teDa&mif&Sdav\/
udk,fawmf\ þqHawmfeDNref;rIonf yifudk,fNzpf\/(acoGmAf)aq;qdk;Ncif;aMumifh r[kwfay/
(8) [Z&of*smAD&f ociftm; wpfOD;wpfa,mufu wrefawmfNrwf(qG)\ OD;acgif;awmfwGif
qHNzL&Sdygovm;[k ar;Nref;&m ocifMuD;u qHawmfcGJxm;onfhae&mtay:om tenf;i,f&SdNyD;
4if;rSmvnf; qDvdrf;usHonfhtaNctaewGif xifay:avhr&Sdacs[k aNzMum;vdkuf\/
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ ]acoGmAf}qHawmfaq;qdk;Ncif;
odrSwfzG,f&m
,if;taMumif;t&mESiphf yfvsO;f ítqdu k v JG rJG rI sm;&S\d /atrmrfo&d af rhZo D cifu,if;tcef;u@wGif
['D;pfMo0g'awmfaygif; av;yk'fudk wifNycdkufayonf/(&D0g,of)qifhNyefcsuf tuGJtvGJay:0,f
tdvk rmynm&Sirf sm;xHwiG v f nf; wrefawmfNrwf(qG)(acoGmAf)NyKNcif;ESiyhf wfoufítqdu k v JG rJG &I dS
av\/ynm&Siftrsm;pk\xHwGif ]acoGmAf}rNyKNcif;bufodkY&Sdae\/
4if;Nyif aA*sK&d &D mS aztD(&[)ocif\tqdrk mS ud, k af wmfNf rwf(qG)onf wpfcgwpf&]H acoGmAf}NyKawmf
rlNyD; trsm;tm;Nzifh rNyKacs/
(rwfpt f vm[f)[ezD tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;xH(acoGmAf)qHyifaq;qd;k Ncif;onf(rGwpf o f [Af)Nzpf\/
odkYaomfausmfMum;aeYonfhtqdkrSm aq;a&mifteufqdk;Ncif;onf(ruú&k[f)Nzpf\/
&SmaztDtv kd rmynm&Sirf sm;xH(acoGmAf)aq;qd;k Ncif;onf]pGEo é }f NzpfNy;D teufa&mifq;kd Ncif;onf
([&mrf)Nzpfav\/
(1) tbl&rfpm[f ocifu aNymMum;onfrSm uREfkyfonf wrefawmfNrwf(qG)\ tcpm;wGif
rdr\ d om;NzpfoEl iS hf twl0ifa&mufc\ hJ /xdt k cg ud, k af wmfNrwfu þonf toif\om;awmfNzpf
avm[k rdefY&m 4if;u ][kwfuJh} þonfuRefawmfrsKd;\om;Nzpfí udk,fawmfoufaotNzpf&Sd
aeyg[k avQmufxm;av\/
ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)u rdeMYf um;awmfro l nfrmS 4if;NyKvyk o f nfh Nypf'Pftpm; toift h ay:c&H rnf
r[kwf?xdkYNyif toifNyKvkyfcJhonf Nypf'Pftpm; 4if;tay:&Sdvdrfhrnfr[kwf/
tbl&rfpm[fu aNymMum;onfrSm xdktcsdef uuREfkyfonf udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ tcsKdUaomfqH
awmfrsm;eDNref;aeonfudkawGUcJh&\/
atrmrfo&d af rhZ(D &[)ocifu trde&Yf o dS nf (acoGmAf)qHyifaq;qd;k Ncif;ESiphf yfvsO;f í þ['D;pf
awmfomvQif trSeu f efq;kH Nzpf\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
tarSmiftrdu k af cwf\ xHwk rf;"avhwpfc&k o dS nfrmS om;onf zcif\tNypf'PfwiG f tpm;ay;Ncif;
cH&avh&\ dS /tbl&rfpm[fu þOya'tay: tu,fí xdu k o
hJ uYkd pd v
ö tkd yfvmNyq
D vkd Qif ud,
k af wmf
taeESiþ hf onfuReaf wmfrsK;d \om;NzpfaMumif;?oufaotNzpf&adS eyg[k avQmufxm;cJ&h if;Nzpf\/
wrefawmfNrwf(qG)onf tarSmiftrdu k af cwf\ xdx k wkH rf;pOfvmudk y,fzsuv f suf tpövmrf\
Oya'rSm wpfOD;uNyKvkyfNyD; wpfOD;ucH&rnfr[kwfay[k trdefY&Sdvdkufavonf/
(2) tbl[dk&dkif&[f ociftm; wpfOD;wpfa,mufu udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)]acoGmAf}NyKoavm[k
ar;&m ocifMuD;u [kwfrSefaMumif; aNzaMumif; aNzMum;cJh\/
(3) A&SD;&fAifef"qGmqD,pf\ Muif,mawmf *s[fZrm[f ocifru trdefY&SdonfrSm uRefronf
&pl;vfudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)tm; tdrfrStNyifodkY xGufvmonfudk awGU NrifcJh\/udk,fawmfonf
a&csKd;oefYpifxm;aomaMumifh OD;acgif;ay:0,f 'ef;\t&dyfta&mifudkNrifawGUcJh&\/
(4) [Z&oftewfpf ocifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS uREykd o
f nf ud,
k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ qHawmfrsm;tm;
(acoGmAf)NyKNyD;om; awGU NrifcJh\/
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ pl&frm[fxnfhNcif;taMumif;
odrSwfzG,f&m
rsupf w d iG f pl&rf m[fxnfNh cif;(rkpo f [Af)Nzpfav\/vltrsm;taeESiphf 0g;Af\]eD,of)Nzifph &l rf m[f
xnf&h ayonf/4if;wGif rsupf t d m; tusK;d oufa&mufonft h Nyif(pGE)é tay: vdu k ef mNcif;\ tusK;d
p0g;Afudkyg &&Sdayrnf/atrmrfod&farhZD ocifu,if;xdktcef;u@wGif ['D;pfMo0g'awmfaygif;
5 yk'ftm; wifNyvdkufayonf/
(1) tdAaf etAÁm;pf ocifu trde&Yf cdS o hJ nf/wrefawmfNrwf(qG)rdeaYf wmfro l nfrmS ]tpfr'f}pl&rf m[f
tm; rsufpdrsm;wGif xnfhMuukef/tb,fodkYqdkaomf 4if;onf rsufpdtm;MunfvifapNyD; rsuf
awmifarG;rsm;vnf;&Sifoefaygufaponf/
tdAfaetAÁmpf ocifu þonfudkvnf; trdefY&SdonfrSm udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)xHyg; ]pl&frm[f}
Al;wpfck&Sdav\/4if;rSm npOf oHk;Mudrf oHk;Mudrf rsufpdrsm;wGif ]pl&frm[f}qGJavh&Sd\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
]tyfprf 'f} onf pl&rf m[f wpfrsK;d \ trnfNzpf\/tcsKUd u rkecYf g;[kvnf;aumif;?tcsKUd u tqfzeD
qGrm[kvnf;aumif; qdx k m;\/4if;rSmteufa&mif&NdS y;D teDa&miforf;av\/ta&SUbufEikd if rH sm;
wGif aygufa&mufav\/tdkvrmynm&Sifrsm;u pG&frmxnfhNcif;onf vlaumif;twGuf Nzpf\/
pG&frmESifh wnfholrsm;om xnfh&efESifh vlrrmrsm;taeESifh oHk;pGJygu rsufpdudkydkemaponf/
pl&frm[ftm; tdyfonfhtcsdefwGif xnfhNcif;onf ydkítusKd;oufa&mufay\/
pl&rf m[f qGNJ cif;ESiyhf wfoufNy;D qifNh yefcsuf trsK;d rsK;d vm&Sx d m;ay\/tcsKUd aomqifNh yefcsurf sm;ü
rsupf Ed pS zf ufpvH;k wGif oH;k Murd o f ;kH Murd q f NJG cif; vm&Sad v\/tcsKUd qifNh yefcsurf sm;ü nmbufrsupf d
wGif oH;k Murd Ef iS hf b,fbufwiG Ef pS Mf urd f [lívm&Sad v\/
þonf tcsed t f rsK;d rsK;d ay:0,fNzpfEikd o f nfrmS tcsKd Uaomtcsed t f cgrsK;d wGif ud,
k af wmfonf oH;k Murd f
tcsdKUaomtcgrsKd;wGif ESpfMudrfpDqGJavh&Sdonf/
[mzDZt f Ad af e[*s&f tp&Sad om yk*K¾d vrf sm;u yxryHpk u H kd OD;pm;ay;xm;\/eADu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)
xHrSvnf; ['D;pfawmfrsm;wGif þyHkpHtwdkif; qifhNyefvm&Sdav/
(2) tdAaf etAÁm;pf ocifu trde&Yf cdS o hJ nfrmS ]&plv}f ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)onf rtdypf ufrD tvsif
rsufpdESpfzufpvHk;wGif]tyfpfr'f}pl&frm[ftm; oHk;MudrfpDqGJavh&Sd\/
4if;Nyif qifhNyefcsufwpf&yfü tdAfaetAÁm;pf ocifxHrSom tqdkqifhNyefcsufvm&SdonfrSm
]eADudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)xHyg; pl&frm[f Al;wpfAl;&SdNyD; 4if;rSmudk,fawmfonf tdrfpufonfhtcg
oHk;Mudrfrsufpdrsm;wGif pl&frm[f qGJavh&Sdonf/
(3) [Z&of*smAd&f ocifu trde&Yf cdS o hJ nf/eADu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)rdeMYf um;awmfro l nfrmS ]tyfprf 'f}
pl&rf m[ftm; rkcsxnfMh uuke/f tb,faMumifq h akd omf 4if;onf rsupf u d Mkd unfvifapí rsuaf wmif
rsm;udkvnf; &Sifoefaygufa&mufap\/
(4) tdAfaetAÁm;pf ocifu trdefY&SdcJhonf/wrefawmfNrwf(qG)rdefYMum;awmfrlonfrSm toifwdkY
pl&frm[f tm;vHk;wGif ]tyfpfr'f}pl&frm[fomvQif taumif;qHk;NzpfNyD; rsufpdudkMunfvifapí
rsufawmifrsm;udkvnf;&Sifoefaponf/
(5) [Z&oftAÁ'v k m’ [fAifet f rk &f ocifuvnf; þtwdik ;f qifNh yefco hJ nfrmS ]tyfprf 'f}pl&rf m[f
tm; rkcsxnfMh uuke/f 4if;onf rsupf u d v
kd nf;MunfvifapNy;D rsuaf wmifarG;rsm;udv k nf;&Sio
f ef
aygufap\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
txufyg qifNh yefcsut f m;vH;k wGif ]tyfprf 'f}pl&rf m[ftm; toH;k NyK&efrufv;kH ay;xm;\/odaYk omf
tvdo k abmrSm rdr\d rsupf rd sm;ESio hf ifah vsmNf cif;udo k m qdx k m;Ncif;Nzpf\/odrYk [kwv f Qif þpl&rf m[f
ESio
hf ifah vsmrf rl &Sad cs/tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;u ,if;rdeaYf >ccsurf sm;aMumifh pl&rf m[f xnfNh cif;(pGEo é )f
NzpfNy;D oD;oefY ]tyfprf 'f}pl&rf m[f xnfNh cif;udk (tzfZvf)ydík xl;Nrwfonf[k trde&Yf x dS m;Muonf/
þtwGufaMumifh ]tyfpfr'f}pl&frm[ftNyif tNcm;aom pl&frm[f rsm;tm; xnfhNcif;onfvnf;
(pGEo é )f tay: usio hf ;kH rINzpfymG ;ayonf/odaYk omf (zZDvof)xl;NrwfrrI mS ]tyfprf 'f}pl&rf m[fomvQif
Nzpf\/bd&&dS bf iferf zkd 'vfqo kd El iS yhf wfoufí ynm&Sirf sm;u a&;om;cJo h nfrmS xdok o l nfezdvf
(400)&uof aeYpOfzwfí wpf&uf&Zkd mxm;Ny;D wpf&uftzd o f m&Dvyk \ f /
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ 0wfpm;qif,ifyHktaMumif;
odrSwfzG,f&m
xdt k cef;u@wGif pma&;olonf ['D;pfawmfaygi;f 16 yk't f m; wifNyxm;ayonf/t0wftpm;
ESiphf yfvsO;f í tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;u trde&Yf cdS MhJ u\/vlom;wd\Yk t0wftpm;tcsKUd rmS (0g*spAf )f NzpfNy;D
tcsKUd rmS (rkpof [Af)Nzpf\/4if;Nyif tcsKUd rmS ([&mrf)Nzpf\/tcsKUd rmS (ruú&[ k )f NzpfNy;D tcsKUd rmS (rdAk m[f)
Nzpf\/
vlom;rsm;taeESifh0wdpm;qif,ifonfhtcsdef(rkpfo[Af)tcsuftvufrsm;;bufodkY tm&Hkxm;
&NyD; (ruú&k[f)tcsuftvufrsm;rS a&Smif&Sm;&ayrnf/0g*sDAfrSm t&Suft*FgudkzHk;tkyfap&rnfh
twdkif;twmcefY&Sd t0wfwefqmrsKd;Nzpf\/
rkpo f [AfrmS 4if;tm;0wfqif&ef(&S&t D of)w&m;awmfwiG f rufv;kH ay;xm;\/Oyrm -taumif;qH;k
aomt0wftpm;tm;(tD;'f)aeYrsm;twGuf 0wfqifNy;D *Rrt ® maeYtwGuf NzLpifaomt0wftm;
0wfqifNzif;Nzpf\/
ruú&k;[f rSm xdkt0wftpm;Nzpf\/4if;tm; 0wfpm;qif,ifNcif;rNyK&ef vHIaqmfxm;\/Oyrm
- olaX;ol<u,frsm;twGuf tNrJwap NyJpkwfa[mif;EGrf;aom t0wftm; 0wfqifNcif;/
[&mrf rSm xdkt0wftpm;tm; 0wfqifNcif;Nzpf\/4if;tm; 0wfpm;qif,if&ef wm;Nrpfxm;\/
Oyrm - trsKd;om;rsm;twGuf taMumif;rJh ydk;xnftm; 0wfqifNcif;Nzpf\/
(1+2) [Z&oftGar®pvfrm[focifrxHrS qifhNyefcsufvm&SdonfrSm &pl;vfudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)
onf t0wftpm;tm;vHk;wGif]uk&fom}tusÐtm; ydkíESpfNrdKUawmfrlavh&Sd\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
eADu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)uk&o f m tust Ð m; ESpo f ufNcif;\taMumif;&if;rsm;udk tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;
u tqdt k rsK;d rsK;d a&;om;cJMh u\/tcsKd Uynm&Sirf sm;\ tqdrk mS 4if;onf cE¨mud, k t f m;aumif;pGm
zHk;tkyfap\/þtwGufaMumifh udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)MudKufESpfoufNcif; Nzpf\/
tcsKd Uynm&Sirf sm;u qdMk uonf NcKH xnf\qefu Y sib
f ufwefz;kd enf;Ny;D cE¨mud, k t f ay:0,f av;vH
rIr&SdNcif;aMumifh ESpfoufNcif;Nzpf\/tcsdKUynm&Sifrsm;\ tqdkrSm tNcm;tusÐrsm;uJhodkY 4if;Nzifh
(ouAÁK&f rmeudkrNzpfay:acs/)
(3) þtwdik ;f yif tGar®pvfrm[focifrxHrS qifNh yefcsuv f m&So d nfrmS &pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)
tm; 0wfqif&eftwGuf t0wftpm;rsm;rS]uk&fom}tusÐudkomvQif ydkrdkESpfoufawmfrlcJh\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
rGvv f mtvDum&Docifu 'ifr, f moDrS ul;,ltrde&Yf cdS ohJ nfrmS ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)tm; \uk&o f m
rSm csnfNzifh ,ufvkyfxm;aom uk&fomNzpf\/4if;rSm tvGef&Snfvsm;Ncif;r&SdbJ vuftem;rSm
vnf; vGefpGm&Snfvsm;Ncif;r&Sdacs/
bdik ,f *f sK&d o
D cifua&;om;cJo h nfrmS ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ xHawmfyg;wGif uk&o f mwpfxnfrQom
&SdcJh\/
4if;Nyif tmat&Sm[focifru qifNh yefco hJ nf/ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ "avhawmfwpf&yfrmS reufpm
tm; naetwGuf csex f m;Ncif;r&Sb
d ?J naepmtm; reuftwGucf sex f m;Ncif;r&Sad cs/xdNYk yif(uk&o f m)
NcHKxnf (odkY) vHkcsnfzdeyfrsm;rSm wpfpkHxuf ydkír&Sdacs/
rempDocifu [Z&oftAd af etAÁm;pf (&aoGU )ocifxrH q S ifNh yefco
hJ nfrmS &pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)
\ uk&fomrSm aNcrsufap txufwGif&Sdav\/tvfvmrm[f&SmrDocifu a&;om;cJhonfrSm
aNcovHk;0ufxd &Sd&ayrnf/
(4) tyfprf m[focifru trde&Yf cdS o hJ nfrmS eADu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)\ uk&o f mtus\ Ð vuftem;
onf vufaumuf0wfxd &Sad v\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
þqifNh yefcsuo f nf vuftem; vufaumuf0wfxufausmv f eG o
f nf[íl vm&Sx d m;onf(&d0g
,of)qifNh yefcsu\ f qefu Y sib f ufNzpf\/tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;u qifNh yefcsuEf pS &f yftm; yHpk t H rsKd ;
rsKd;ñSdEdIif;cJh\/
yxryHkpHrSm þonftcsdefor\ taNymif;tvJay:0,fNzpf\/'kwd,yHkpHrSm vuftem;rsm; usKH;
oGm;onfhtcsdef vufaumuf0wfxdom&SdNyD; aNzmifhaeonfhtcsdef vufaumuf0wfxuf ausmf
vGefoGm;avh&Sd\/
armifvmemcvD;vft[fr'fqmpAf(&[)ocifu ]AZvGvrf *sL[l;'f}usr;f wGiaf &;om;xm;onfrmS
vufaumuf0wfxd[laom qifhNyefcsufrsm;onf xl;NrwfrItay:0,fNzpfNyD; xdkxufausmfvGef
onf[lívm&SdonfhqifhNyefcsufrSm ydkifNcif;tay:0,f wifNyNcif;Nzpf\/
tvfvmrm[f*sZ&f ;D ocifu a&;om;wifNyonfrmS uk&o f m\ vuftem;rsm;wGi(f pGEo é )f rSm vuf
aumuf0wfxd &S&d ayonf/odaYk omf *Rw, f ml tus&Ð n S t f wGurf l vuft&Snrf mS vufaumuf
0wfausmf&rnf/vufacsmif;xuf rausmfap&/
(5) uk&&f m[fAiftu kd ,
f mpfocifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS uREykd o f nf &pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)\tcpm;
od(Yk rkZu
kd ,
f em[f)trsK;d EG,0f iftyk pf w
k pfpt k wl opömcH,&l eftwGuf 0ifa&mufcMhJ u\/xdpk Of ud, k f
awmf\]uk&o f m}tusMÐ u,fo;D aygurf mS yGiahf eaomaMumifh uREykf o f nfu, kd af wmf\tus&Ð ifcaJG e&m
wGif vufxnfíh (A&uof)taeNzifeh Al0of wHqyd af wmftm; xdawGUc\ hJ /
odrSwfzG,f&m
uk&f&m[fAiftdkuf,mpfonf wrefawmfNrwf(qG)tm; tusÐMu,foD;rwwfbJ0wfxm;onfudk
Nrifc\hJ /þ ['D;pfqifNh yefol tk&0f gocif trdeYf &So d nfrmS rdtm0D,mocifEiS o hf m;awmfukd &moDra&T;
tNrMJ u,fo;D rwwfbJ tus0Ð wfxm;Ncif;udak wGU&onf/þonf wrefawmfNrwf(qG)tm; cspo f nfh
taeNzifh 0wfyHkNzpfonf/
(6) [Z&oftewfpo f cifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS ud, k af wmfNf rwf(qG)onf [Z&oftpk mrmftm; trSo D
[JNyLí tdrrf <S uNref;vmae\/xdt k csed f ud, k af wmftay:0,f ,refEikd if rH S ,ufvyk o f nfh vdiI ;f pif;
tuGuf tus&Ð cdS \ hJ /,if;t0wftm;ywfvsuf ud, k af wmfonf tNyifo<Ykd uNref;vmNy;D qG[mA[f
rsm;tm; erm;Zf0wfNyKay;awmfrlcJh\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
þonf udk,fawmffNrwf(qG) rusef;rrmNzpfcJhonfh taMumif;t&mNzpfcJh\/þtwGufaMumifh
udk,fawmfonf [Z&oftkpmrm[ftay: trSDo[JNyKxm;Ncif;Nzpf\/
(7) tblptD;'fcG'f&D;ocifu trdefY&SdonfrSm &pl;vfudk,fawmfNrwf(qG)t0wfwpfpkHwpf&m
0wfonf&Sdaomf aysmf&Tifrltm; xkwfazmfonfhtaeNzifh 4if;\trnfemrudk,lav\/Oyrm -
tv’m[ftoQiNf rwfonf þuk&o f mtm; cs;D Nri§ ahf wmfrcl \ hJ /wzef þ'dt k mudv k nf; zwf&w G af wmf
rlavh\/
tv’m[Gr?® vuvf[r®'?kd urmaqmifoeD;a[h?tqftvdu Yk cdik ;f &[l?0cdik &f mrmpdak etv[k?0ttlZkd
aburdef&S&fa&[d0&Sa&?rmpdkaetmv[k?
t"dyÜ,f
tdk - tv’m[ft&Sif cs;D rGr;f Ncif;ploa&GUwo Ykd nf t&SiNf rwftwGuo f mvQiNf zpfay\/4if;Nyif xdt k 0wf
wefqmudk qifNref;ay;onfhtay:0,f toQifNrwftm;(&Iuf&d)aus;Zl; wif&Sdyg\/
tdk - tv’m[ft&Sif t&SifNrwfxHrSomvQif þt0wfwefqm\ aumif;Ncif;udk vdkvm;yg\/
xdNYk yif tMuif&nf&, G cf surf sm;twGuf þt0wfwefqmtm; NyKvyk x f m;yg\/4if;wd\Yk aumif;Ncif;
rsm;udkvnf; vdkvm;yg\/xdkt0wfwefqm\ raumif;Ncif;rsm;rS t&SifxHüom cdkvHIyg\/
4if;Nyif tMuift&mrsm; raumif;Ncif;rsm;twGuf þt0wfwefqmtm; NyKvkyfxm;\/4if;rS /
vnf; cdkvHIcGifh awmif;cHyg\/
t0wftpm;\aumif;Ncif;?raumif;Ncif;wdrYk mS xifay:ay\/tMuift&mtwGuf NyKvyk x f m;Ncif;[l
onfh tvdkoabmrSm tat;?tyltvSty ponfwdkYNzpf\/
tMuif &nf&G,fcsufcsuftwGuf 0wfqifxm;NyD; 4if;aumif;Ncif;[lonfh tvdkoabmrSm
tv’m[ftoQiNf rwf\ ESpNf rKd Urw l iG f oH;k pG&J efNzpfNy;D (atAm'of)c0yfrt I ay:0,ftultnD&&Sad p&rnf/
xdkYNyif 4if;\ raumif;rSm tv’m[ftoQifNrwf\ trdeYfzDqefrIwGif toHk;csNyD; rdrdudk,fwdkif rdrd
txifMuD;Ncif; rmeaxmifvTm;Ncif; ponfwdkYNzpfay:apNcif;Nzpf\/
(8) [Z&oftewfpo f cifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS &pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onf ,refEikd if rH S ,ufvyk f
onfh vdIif;pif;NcHKxnftm; t0wfwefqmrsm;wGif tESpfoufqHk;Nzpfawmfrl\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
,if; ['D;pfawmfonf tNyifwef;t& yxr['D;pfawmfNzpfonfh uk&o f mtm; t0wfwefqmtm;
vH;k xuf ydík ESpo f ufonf[íl vm&So d nfh ['D;pfawmf\qefu Y sib
f ufNzpf\/
tdkvrmynm&Sifrsm;u tqdkñSdEdIif;rItrsKd;rsKd;udk NyKvkyfcJhav\/
tm;vH;k xuftvG,q f ;kH tqdk ñSEd iId ;f rIrmS ud, k af wmfonf xdo k nfuv kd nf;ESpo f ufí?þonf
udkvnf; ESpfoufawmfrlcJh\/(odkY)þodkYNzpfEdkifonfrSm t0wftpm;rsm;wGif 0wfqif&ef uk&fom
tusÐtm; ydkrdkESpfoufNyD; NcHK&mü t0wftpm;rsm;wGifNcHKxnfudk ESpfoufcJh\/
tcsdKUu aNymqdk+++++onfrSm þNcKHxnfrsm;onf tpdrf;a&mif&Sdav\/
++++++oabmrSm ]ta&miftqif;tm;Nzifh udk,fawmfonf tpdrf;a&mifudk ydkrdkESpfoufav\/
(9) tbl*sK[ d u
kd zf m[f ocifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS uREykf o f nf ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)tm; teDa&mif0wf
pkq
H ifNref;xm;onfukd awGU Nrifc\ hJ /ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ aNcovH;k awmfEpS zf ufrmS ,ckuREykf \ f
a&SUarSmufwiG &f adS eouJo h Ykd vif;0if;ae\/
,if; ['D;pfawmfuq kd ifNh yefo]l pGr, f mef}ocifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS uREykf x f ifrw
S cf o hJ nfrmS xdt
k eD
a&mif0wfpHkonf vdIif;pif;0wfpHkonf Nzpfav\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
pGr, f mef ocifonf xd(k &d0g,of)qifNh yefcsu\ f tvdo k abmwGif vIid ;f pif;0wfp[ Hk íl wifNyNcif;
rSm teDa&mift0wfwefqmtm; 0wfNcif;ESifhywfoufNyD;wm;Nrpfcsufvm&Sdxm;\/þtwGuf
aMumifh tdkvrmynm&Sifrsm;xH tqdkuGJvGJrI&Sd\/yxrOD;qHk;tcef;u@wGif 4if;ESifhywfoufNyD;
wifNycJNh y;D Nzpf\/tMuift0wfpm;tm; owfrw S Nf y;D aemuf tdvk rmynm&Sirf sm;ESihf ar;Nref;pkpH rf;Edik f
ayonf/
armifvmem*ef*[ kd (D &[)\zo0gwiG f a&;om;xm;onfrmS teDa&mif&0dS wfpo kH nf trsK;d om;rsm;t
wGuf zo0gt& ydkifNyD; (ouú0g)bufrS MunfhvQif pGefYvTwfNcif;onf taumif;qHk; Nzpfay\/
þ wifNycsufrSm [*sfoGvfa0'g\ taMumif;Nzpfay\/
(10) [Z&ofA&mtfocifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS tuREykf o f nf rnfonftcgrQteDa&mif&0dS wfp0Hk wfqif
oltm; ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)xuf ydv k yS onfukd rawGU NrifcahJ cs/xdpk Ofu ud, k af wmf\qHawmfrmS
ycHk;xda&mufaeayonf/
(11) tbl&rfpm[fu aNymMum;onfrmS uREykf o f nf ud,k af wmfNrwf(qG)tm; tpdr;f a&mifNcKH xnf
ESpfxnfNcHKvTrf;xm;onfudk awGU NrifcJh\/
(12) uDvm[fAifeaf oh rcf&rm[f ocifru aNymMum;onfrmS uREykf o f nf ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)xH
awmfyg;wGif Ztfz&mefNzifh ta&mifq;kd xm;aom vHNk cnfEpS x f nfukd awGU&cdS \ hJ /odaYk omf(Ztfz&mef)
\ ta&mifrSm rusef&Sdawmhacs/
odrSwfzG,f&m
Ztfz&mef ta&mifq;kd xm;aom t0wftpm;rsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f í ['D;pfawmfwiG f wmNrpfcsuv f nf;
vm&Sx d m;\/þtwGuaf Mumifh txufyg ['D;pfawmfwiG f 4if;\ ]Ztfz&mef}ta&mifruse&f adS wmh
acs [lonfh tqdkbufodkY &nfnGef;xm;Ncif;Nzpf\/
(13) [Z&oftAd af etAÁm;pf ocifu trde&Yf cdS o hJ nf ]&pl;vf}ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG) rdeMYf um;awmfrl
onfrSm tNzLa&mift0wftm; a&G;cs,f0wfqifMuukef/tb,faMumifhqdkaomf tNzLa&mifonf
taumif;qH;k aom t0wfwefqmrsm;rSNzpf\/tNzLa&mift0wfuo kd m rdr\d oufwrf;wGif 0wf&Ny;D
tNzLa&mift0wfwGifom aoolrsm;tm;('zef)NyK&ayrnf/
odrSwfzG,f&m
,if; ['D;pfawmfwGif udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ tNzLa&mift0wftm; 0wfqifNcif;taMumif; ryg&Sd
aomfvnf; 4if;tm; 0wfqif&efvHIaqmfxm;aom udk,fwdkif0wfNcif;onfvnf; xifay:vm\/
bdkcg&D tp&Sdonfh ['D;pf usrf;rsm;üvnf; udk,fawmfNrwf(qG) tNzLa&mif0wfqifawmfrlNcif;
&Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;yg&Sdxm;onf/
(14) prk&m[fAife*f Re'f AG f ocifu trde&Yf cdS o
hJ nf/]&pl;vf}ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG) rdeMYf um;awmfro l nfrmS
tNzLa&mift0wftm; 0wfqifMuuke/f tb,faMumifq h akd omf 4if;onf ydrk o kd ef&Y iS ;f NzLpifpmG &Sad v\/
xdkYNyif ,if;t0wfwGifomaoolrsm;u(uzef)NyKMuukef/
odrSwfzG,f&m
ydrk o
kd ef&Y iS ;f NzLpifpmG &So
d nfqakd om tvdo k abmrSm tu,fí tpGe;f tenf;i,fqifomG ;ygu tvsif
od&&dS ayonf/tNcm;aom ta&miftqif;&So d nft h 0wftpm;rsm;rSm xdu k o hJ rYkd [kwaf y/tpGe;f t
enf;i,fayoGm;vQif tenf;i,fomod&ayonf/
(15) [Z&oftmat&Sm[f ocifru trdefY&SdonfrSm tcgwpfyg;u udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)onf
reuftcsed t f rd rf S tNyifoYkd <uNref;vmaomtcg ud, k af wmfNrwfcE¨mud, k af y:0,f teufa7miftarG;
trSifrsm;&Sd NcHKxnf0wfqifawmfrlxm;onf/
(16) rd*k &D m[fAife&f KdS tAf m[f ocifu aNymMum;onfrmS &pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onf &lr*D RAmÁ [f
tm; 0wfqifawmfrlxm;onf/4if;\ vuftem;rsm;rSmusOf;ae\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
þonf ]oAl;uf}ppfy\ JG taMumif;t&mrS Nzpfc\ hJ / tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;u þuJo h Ykd ['D;pfawmf
rsm;rS(rwfpt f vm[f)xkwEf w I cf o
hJ nfrmS umzd&rf sm;NyKvyk x f m;onfh t&mypön;f rsm;onf tNcm;
aomenf;vrf;Nzifh 4if;wdkY\roefYNzpfrIudkr,HkMunfrodcJh&orQumvywfvHk; roefYrNzpfacs/þ
twGufaMumifh a&mrEdkifiHwGif xdktcsdeftxd vlrsm;rSm(rkpfvifrf)rNzpfcJhao;acs/4if;wdkY,ufvkyf
xm;onfht0wftpm;rsm;tm; udk,fawmfonf 0wfqifawmfrlcJhonf/
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
udk,fawmfNrwf(qG)\ pm;0wfaea7;
atrmrfo&d af rZDocifonf þtcef;u@wGif ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)\ usyw f nf;aom taNctae
wGif tMuift&mrsm;tm; oHk;pGJawmfrlcJhonfh taMumif;wdkYtm; wifNy&ef &nf&G,fNcif;Nzpf\/
odkYtwGufaMumifh þtcef;u@ü ['D;pfawmf(2)yk'ftm; wifNyvdkufayonf/
(1) tdAaf epD&;D efocifu aNymMum;onfrmS uREykf o f nfwcgu [Z&oftbl[&kd ikd &f [f(&aoGU )
xHyg;ü &Scd \hJ /4if;tay:0,f(uomef)vHNk cnfwpfxnfEiS Nhf cKH xnfwpfxnf 0wfqifxm;\/xdt k 0wf
ESpx f nfpvH;k rSm aNreDa&mifNzpf\/tbl[&kd ikd &f [f ocifu 4if;wdrYk S wpfxnfNzifh ESmacgi;f oef&Y iS ;f
vduk \ f /wzef tHMh opGmNzifh tv’m[f?tv’m[f?,aeY tbl[&kd ikd &f [fonf(uomef)\ t0wftpm;
rsm;Nzifh ESmacgif; oefY&Sif;av\[k aNymavhawmhonf/
4if;Nyif acwfor,wpfcsed u f uREykf o f nfeADu f ,kd af wmfNrwf(qG)\]rifrAf &f}ESi[ hf Z&oftmat&Sm[f
(&aoGU )ocifr\ tcef;tMum;wGif qmavmifrGwfodyfNcif;\ Nyif;xefrIaMumifh owdarharsmí
vJaeavh&cdS \ hJ /xdNYk yif vlrsm;onf uREykf t f m; &l;oGyaf eol[, k q
l ifrw S Nf y;D uREykf \f vnf*w k u f kd
aNcaxmufNzifh eif;oGm;avh&MdS u\/trSepf ifppf uREykf &f ;l oGyaf eolr[kwb f J qmavmifrw G o
f yd Nf cif;
\ Nyif;xefrIaMumifh þtaNctaeodkY a&muf&SdoGm;Ncif;Nzpf\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
]uomef]rSm aumif;rGeaf om t0wftpm;wpfrsK;d Nzpf\/qd&k [ftbd"mefNyKpo k u l a&;om;onfrmS
uomefonf t0wfyg;wpfrsKd;Nzpf\/Nruf&GufNzifhNyKvkyf&onf/qma[ab rdkbDaotmZrf a&;
om;cJh\/tl&f'lbmomNzifh uoefudk(tvfpD)[ka&;cJh\/k(tvfpD)rSm ubwfyifNzpf\/
[Z&oftbl[[ k ikd &f [f\ vnf*w k t f m; aNcaxmufNzifh eif;Ncif;rSm xdak cwfor,u &l;oGyaf eol
\ vnf*kwfudkukpm;onfhtaeNzifh aNcNzifheif;avh&Sd\/,if;['D;pfawmftm; þtwGufaMumifh
wifNy&onfrmS tbl[[ k ikd &f [fuo hJ Ykd yk*Kd¾ v\ f taNctae?þod&Yk v dS Qif 4if;Nzifh ud, k af wmf\taNc
tae usyw f nf;rIukd ud, k w f ikd o
f &d EdS ikd &f ayonf/
[Z&oftbl[[ k ikd &f [focifu aNymMum;onfrmS ]wpfcguuREykf o f nf[Z&oftrk &f(&aoGU )
ociftm; tm,ofawmfwpfcEk iS phf yfvsO;f Ny;D twlavQmufvrS ;f &if;ESiahf r;Nref;&m 4if;uNyocJ\ h /
xdkYNyif uREfkyfonf 4if;ESifh twlravQmufvSrf;EdkifbJ arharsmvJaeusoGm;av\/
(2) rmvpfuAf ife'f eD m;&focifu trde&Yf o dS nfrmS &pl;vfu, kd af wmfNrwf(qG)onf rnfonft h cgrQ
tom;ESifh(&dkwD)rkefYudk AdkufNynfhatmif oHk;aqmifawmfrrlacs/
odaYk omf]Zdzk [f}vlrsm;ESit hf wl pm;aomufonft h aNctaewGif 0vifpmG oH;k aqmifawmfral v\/
rmvpfufAifef'Dem;&fu aNymMum;onfrSm uREfkyfonf t&Afaus;awmom;wpfOD;tm;]Zdkz[f}\
t"dyÜm,fudkar&m 4if;u vlrsm;ESifhtwl pm;aomufNcif;udkNyocJh\/
odrSwfzG,f&m
0vifpmG oH;k aqmifNcif;\ tvdo k abmtm; tcsKd Uu þodw Yk ifNyMuonfrmS tu,fí wpfae&mü
('tf0of)ponfwdkY MuKHvmNyDqdkygu 0vifatmif oHk;aqmifawmfrl\/
,if;tqdak y: tdv k rmynm&Sirf sm;u Niif;y,fvsuf trde&Yf MdS uonfrmS ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)bufoYkd
þuJo h q Ykd ufE, G Nf cif;onf roifah wmfay/odaYk omf uREykf (f pma&;ol\)xHwiG f xdt k vdo
k abmü
rnfonft h weft Y wm; wpfpw Hk pf&mrQr&Sad cs/tb,faMumifq h akd omfxakd cwfor,u tu,fí
wpfO;D wpfa,mufonf rdr\ d tdrw f iG f Adu
k t f Nynfrh pm;aomufaomf 4if;\ tvdo k abmrSm xdo k l
onfap;enf;wGefYwdkolNzpf\/
4if;Nyif xdak cwfor, ud, k af wmfNrwf(qG)bufoYkd ,if;odq Yk ufE, G Nf cif;wGiþ
f odaYk wG;xifp&m
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