LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIA PARASITE

BY : HENDI RIESTA MULYA XII 1A 5 / 12

PUBLIC SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 GRESIK

INDONESIA

THE SOURCE:

LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIA PARASITE

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a one called parasite known as Plasmodium. The parasite is transmitted to humans by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. The parasite plasmodium spends its cycle life partly in humans and partly in mosquitoes. The Cycle: 1. Mosquito infected with the malaria parasite bites human, passing cells called sporozoites into the humans bloodstream. 2. Sporozoites travel to the liver. Each sporozoite undergoes sexual reproduction, in which its nucleus splits to form two new cells, called merozoites. 3. Merozoites enter to the bloodstream and infect red blood cells. 4. In red blood cells, merozoites grow and divide to produce more merozoites, eventually, causing the red blood cells to rupture. Some of the newly released merozoites go on to infect other red blood cells. 5. Some merozoites develop into sex cells known as male and female gametocytes. 6. Another mosquito bites the infected human, ingesting the gametocytes. 7. In the mosquitos stomach, the gametocytes mature. Male and female gametocytes undergo sexual reproduction, uniting to form a zygote. The zygote multiplies to form sporozoites, which travel to the mosquitos salivary glands. 8. If this mosquito bites another human, the cycle begins again.

THE GENERIC STRUCTURE:

TITLE

LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIA PARASITE

GENERAL STATEMENT
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a one called parasite known as Plasmodium. The parasite is transmitted to humans by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. The parasite plasmodium spends its cycle life partly in humans and partly in mosquitoes.

SEQUENCE EXPLANATION
The Cycle: 1. Mosquito infected with the malaria parasite bites human, passing cells called sporozoites into the humans bloodstream. 2. Sporozoites travel to the liver. Each sporozoite undergoes sexual reproduction, in which its nucleus splits to form two new cells, called merozoites. 3. Merozoites enter to the bloodstream and infect red blood cells. 4. In red blood cells, merozoites grow and divide to produce more merozoites, eventually, causing the red blood cells to rupture. Some of the newly released merozoites go on to infect other red blood cells. 5. Some merozoites develop into sex cells known as male and female gametocytes. 6. Another mosquito bites the infected human, ingesting the gametocytes. 7. In the mosquitos stomach, the gametocytes mature. Male and female gametocytes undergo sexual reproduction, uniting to form a zygote. The zygote multiplies to form sporozoites, which travel to the mosquitos salivary glands. 8. If this mosquito bites another human, the cycle begins again.

LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIA PARASITE SCHEME

MALARIA PARASITE / SPOROZOITES FROM MOSQUITO

Infected & bites

HUMA N

Passing cells into

HUMANS BLOODSTREAM

Undergoes sexual reproduction infect

enter to

t r a v e l t o

bloodstream

MEROZOITES
MORE MEROZOITES

To form

Nucleus Splits

LIVER

Red Blood Cells

grow & produce

ruptur e infect
Mature & undergo sexual reproduction to form

develop

mosquito Male & Female gametocytes ingesting

Other Red Blood Cells

Z Y G O TE

Mosquito Stomach

to the

Gametocyt es

HUMAN

i n f e c t e d

Multiplies to form travel

SPOROZOITES

Mosquito bites another human

The Cycle begins again

Salary Glands