May Bien Ap2

n my in
Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du
PHN I: TNG QUAN V MY BIN P

1.1 . VI NT KHI QUT V MY BIN P
dn in t cc trm pht in n h tiu th cn phi c ng dy ti in
(Hnh 1.1). Nu khong cch gia ni sn xut in v ni tiu th in ln, mt vn
rt ln t ra v cn c gii quyt l vic truyn ti in nng i xa lm sao cho
kinh t nht v m bo c cc ch tiu k thut.
My pht in
ng dy ti
My bin p
tng p
H tiu th
My bin p
gim p
Hnh 1.1 S mng truyn ti in n gin.

Nh ta bit, cng mt cng sut truyn ti trn ng dy, nu in p c
tng cao th dng in chy trn ng dy s gim xung, nh vy c th lm tit
din dy nh i, do trng lng v chi ph dy dn s gim xung, ng thi tn
hao nng lng trn ng dy cng s gim xung. V th, mun truyn ti cng sut
ln i xa, t tn hao v tit kim kim loi mu trn ng dy ngi ta dng in p
cao, dn in bng cc ng dy cao th, thng l 35, 110, 220, v 500 KV. Trn
thc t, cc my pht in thng khng pht ra nhng in p nh vy v l do an
ton, m ch pht ra in p t 3 n 21 KV, do phi c thit b tng in p u
ng dy ln. Mt khc cc h tiu th thng ch s dng in p thp t 127 V,
500 V hay cng lm n 60KV, do trc khi s dng in nng y cn phi c
thit b gim in p xung. Nhng thit b dng tng in p ca my pht in
tc u ng dy dn v nhng thit b gim in p trc khi n h tiu th gi l
cc my bin p (MBA).
Thc ra trong h thng in lc, mun truyn ti v phn phi cng sut t nh
my in n tn cc h tiu th mt cch hp l, thng phi qua ba, bn ln tng v
gim in p nh vy. Do tng cng sut ca cc MBA trong h thng in lc
thng gp ba, bn ln cng sut ca trm pht in. Nhng MBA dng trong h
thng in lc gi l MBA in lc hay MBA cng sut. T cng thy r, MBA
ch lm nhim v truyn ti hoc phn phi nng lng ch khng chuyn ha nng
lng.
Ngy nay khuynh hng pht trin ca MBA in lc l thit k ch to nhng
MBA c dung lng tht ln, in p tht cao, dng nguyn liu mi ch to gim
trng lng v kch thc my.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
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Nc ta hin nay ngnh ch to MBA tht s c mt ch ng trong vic p

ng phc v cho cng cuc cng nghip ha hin i ha nc nh. Hin nay chng ta
sn xut c nhng MBA c dung lng 63000KVA vi in p 110KV.
1.2 . NH NGHA MY BIN P.
1. My bin p l mt thit b in t ng yn, lm vic da trn nguyn l
cm ng in t, bin i mt h thng dng in xoay chiu in p ny thnh mt
h thng dng in xoay chiu in p khc, vi tn s khng thay i. K hiu mt
MBA n gin nh hnh 1.2.
Hnh 1.2 K hiu MBA.

u vo ca MBA c ni vi ngun in, c gi l s cp (SC). u ra ca
MBA c ni vi ti gi l th cp (TC).
2. * Khi in p u ra ( TC) ln hn in p u vo (SC) ta c MBA tng p.
*Khi in p u ra (TC) nh hn in p u vo (SC) ta c MBA h p.
3. a, Cc i lng v thng s ca u s cp.
+ U1: in p s cp.
+ I1: Dng in qua cun s cp.
+ P1: Cng sut s cp.
+ W1: S vng dy ca cun s cp.
b, Cc i lng v thng s ca u dy th cp.
+ U2: in p th cp.
+ I2: Dng in qua cun th cp.
+ P2: Cng sut th cp.
+W2: S vng dy ca cun th cp.
1.3 . CC I LNG NH MC.
Cc i lng nh mc ca MBA do mi nh ch to qui nh sao cho ph hp
vi tng loi my.
C 3 i ln nh mc c bn ca MBA.
a. in p nh mc (Um).
in p s cp nh mc k hiu U1m, l in p qui nh cho dy qun s
cp.
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in p th cp nh mc k hiu U2m, l in p gia cc cc ca dy qun

th cp, khi dy qun th cp h mch v in p t vo dy qun s cp l nh
mc, ngi ta quy c vi MBA 1 pha in p nh mc l in p pha, vi MBA 3
pha l in p dy. n v ca in p ghi trn nhn my thng l KV.
b. Dng in nh mc (Im).
Dng in nh mc l dng in qui nh cho mi dy qun ca MBA, ng
vi cng sut nh mc l dng in p pha. i vi MBA 3 pha dng in nh mc
l dng in dy.
c. Cng sut nh mc (Sm).
Cng sut nh mc ca MBA l cng sut biu kin nh mc. Cng sut nh
mc k hiu l Sm, n v l VA, KVA.
i vi MBA 1 pha cng sut nh mc l:
Sm=U2m.I2m=U1m.I1m.
i vi MBA 3 pha cng sut nh mc l:
Sm=
3. U2m.I2m=
3 .U1m.I1m.
1.4 . CNG DNG CA MBA.

MBA v ang c s dng rng ri trong i sng, phc v con ngi vi
cc mc ch khc nhau nh:
+ Trong cc thit b l nung c MBA l.
+ Trong hn in c MBA hn.
+ Lm ngun cho cc thit b in, thit b in t cng sut.
+ Trong lnh vc o lng ( My bin dng, My bin in p).
+ My bin p th nghim.
+ V c bit quan trng l MBA in lc c s dng trong h thng in.
Trong h thng in MBA c vai tr v cng quan trng, dng truyn ti v
phn phi in nng, v cc nh my in cng sut ln thng xa cc trung tm tiu
th in ( Cc khu cng nghip v cc h tiu th) v th cn phi xy dng cc h
thng truyn ti in nng.
in p do nh my pht ra thng l: 6.3; 10.5; 15.75; 38.5 KV. nng cao
kh nng truyn ti v gim tn hao cng sut trn ng dy phi gim dng in
trn ng dy, bng cch nng cao in p truyn, v vy u ng dy cn lp
t MBA tng p 110KV; 220KV; 500KVv cui ng dy cn t MBA h p
cung cp in cho ni tiu th, thng l 127V n 500V v cc ng c cng sut
ln thng l 3 n 6 KV.
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1.5 . CU TO CA MY BIN P
My bin p c 2 b phn chnh l: Li st v Dy qun. Ngoi ra cn c cc
b phn khc nh v my va h thng lm mt.
1.5.1. Li st my bin p
Li st my bin p dng dn t thng chnh ca my, c ch to t nhng
vt liu dn t tt nh thp l k thut in. Ngy nay loi tn cn lnh c s dng
ch yu trong cng ngh ch to li st, do tn cn lnh l loi tn c v tr sp xp cc
tinh th gn nh khng i v c tnh dn t inh hng, do sut tn hao gim 2
n 2,5 ln so vi tn cn nng. t thm thay i rt t theo thi gian, dng tn cn
lnh cho php tng cng t cm trong li st ln ti 1,6 n 1,65T (Tesla), trong
khi tn cn nng ch tng c t 1,3 n 1,45T. T gim c tn hao trong
my, dn n gim c trng lng kch thc my, c bit l rt bt ang k chiu
cao ca MBA, rt thun tin cho vic chuyn ch. Tuy nhin tn cn lnh gi thnh c
t hn, nhng do vic gim c tn hao v trng lng my nn ngi ra tnh rng
nhng MBA c ch to bng loi tn ny trong vn hnh v kinh t hn MBA c
lm bng tn cn nng.
Hin nay cc nc, tt c cc MBA in lc u c thit k bi tn cn lnh
( Nh cc loi tn cn lnh ca Nga, M, Nht, CHLB cv..v).
Li st gm 2 b phn chnh l tr (T) v gng (G).
Tr l ni t dy qun.
Gng l phn khp kn mch t khp kn.
L thp k thut in c s dng thng c dy t ( 0.35 ti 0.5)mm hai
mt c sn cch in.
Trong MBA du th ton b li st v dy qun u c ngm trong du my
bin p.
Theo s phn b sp xp tng i gia tr gng v dy qun m ta c cc loi
li st nh sau:
a. Li st kiu tr: Dy qun m ly tr st, gng t ch gip pha trn v pha di
dy qun m khng bao ly mt ngoi ca dy qun, tr st thng b tr ng, tit
din tr dng gn hnh trn, kt cu ny n gin, lm vic bo m, dng t vt liu,
v vy hin nay hu ht cc MBA in lc u s dng kiu li st ny (Hnh 1.3).
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Hnh 1.3: Kt cu mch t kiu tr
a. Mt pha; b. Ba pha;
b. Li st kiu bc: Kiu ny gng t khng nhn bao ly phn trn v phn di dy
qun m cong bao c mt trn ca dy qun. Li st nh bc ly dy qun, tr thng
nm ngang, tit din tr c dng hnh ch nht. MBA loi ny c u im l khng
cao nn vn chuyn d dng, gim c chiu di ca dy dn t dy qun n s ra,
chng st tt v dng dy qun xen k nn in dung dy qun Cdq ln, in dung i
vi t C nh nn s phn b in p st trn dy qun u hn. Nhng kiu li st
ny c nhc im l ch to phc tp c li st v dy qun, cc l thp k thut in
nhiu loi kch thc khc nhau khi dy qun qun thnh ng tit din trn, trong
trng hp dy qun qun thnh ng ch nht th bn v c km v cc lc c tc
dng ln dy qun khng u, tn nguyn vt liu. Li st loi ny thng c s
dng ch to cho cc MBA l in (Hnh 1.4).
a,
b,
Hinh 1.4 Kt cu mch t kiu bc
a. Mt pha; b. Ba pha.
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c. Li st kiu tr - bc: (Hnh 1.5) l kiu li st c s lin h gia kiu tr v kiu

bc. Kiu ny hay dng trong cc MBA 1 pha hay 3 pha vi cng sut ln ( hn
100000KVA/1 pha) v gim bt chiu cao ca tr ta c th san gng sang hai bn.
i vi MBA c li st kiu bc v kiu tr - bc th hai tr phia ngoi cng
thuc v gng. gim tn hao do dng in xoay dy nn, li st c ghp t
nhng l thp k thut in c dy 0,35mm c ph sn cch in trn b mt.
3
1
Hnh 1.5 Mch t kiu tr - bc.

1: Tr; 2: Gng; 3: Dy qun.
Cc kiu ghp tr v gng vi nhau: Theo cc phng php ghp tr v gng vo
vi nhau ta c th chia li st thnh 2 kiu l li thp ni v ghp xen k.
Ghp ni l kiu ghp m gng v tr ghp ring sau c em ni vi
nhau nh nhng x v bulong p ( Hnh 1.6a). Kiu ghp ny ghp n gin nhng
khe h khng khies gia tr v gng ln nn tn hao v dng in khng ti ln, v th
kiu ny t c s dng.
Ghp xen k l tng lp l thp ca tr v gng ln lt t xen k ( Hnh
1.6b) sau dng x p v bulong p cht. Mun lng dy vo th d ht phn gng
trn ra, cho dy qun c qun trn ng bakelit lng vo tr, tr c nm cht
vi ng bakelit bng cch nm cch in( g, bakelit) sau xp l thp vo gng nh
c v p gng li.
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gim bt tn hao do tnh dn t khng ng hng khi ghp cc l thp ta c

th thm nhng mi ni nghing gia tr v bn gc, hay c th ct vt gc l thp k
thut in nh ( Hnh 1.6.c.d.e).
Do dy qun thng qun thnh hnh trn, nn tit din ngang ca tr st thng
lm thnh hnh bc thang gn trn.
Gng t v khng qun dy do thun tin cho vic ch to tit din ngang
ca tr gng c th lm n gin, hnh vung hnh ch nht hay ch T. Tuy nhin hin
nay hu ht cc MBA in lc ngi ta hay dng tit din gng hnh bc thang c s
bc thang bng s bc ca dit din tr.
Lt 2
Lt 1
a.
Lt 1
Lt 2
Lt 1 c.
Lt 1
d.
b.
Lt 2
Lt 2
e.
Hnh 1.6 Th t ghp li st ba pha.
a. Ghp ni; b. ghp mi ni thng; c. Ghp xen k mi ni nghing 4 gc; d. Ghp
mi ni nghing 6 gc; e. Ghp xen k hn hp.
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1.5.2. Dy qun my bin p

Dy qun l b phn dn in ca MBA, lm nhim v thu nng lng vo v
truyn nng lng ra. Kim loi lm dy qun thng bng ng, cng c th bng
nhm ( t ph bin).
Dy qun gm nhiu vng dy v c lng vo tr li st gia cc vng dy,
dy qun c cch in vi nhau v cc cun dy c cch in vi li.
Dy qun MBA gm c 2 cun cun cao p (CA), cun h p (HA) i khi cn
c cun trung p (TA).
Theo cp sp xp dy qun CA v HA, ngi ta chia ra hai loi dy qun chnh
l: dy qun ng tm v dy qun xen k.
a. Dy qun ng tm (Hnh 1.7):
Cun CA v HA l nhng hnh ng ng tm, b tr cun HA t st tr cn
cun CA t ngoi. B tr cun CA t ngoi s n gin c vic rt u dy iu
chnh in p cng nh gim c kch thc rnh cch in gia cc cun dy v
gia cun dy vi tr st.
CA
HA
Hnh 1.7 Dy qun ng tm .

b. Dy qun xen k (Hnh 1.8): Cun CA v HA c qun thnh tng bnh c
chiu cao thp v qun xen k, do gim c lc dc trc khi ngn mch. Dy qun
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xen k c nhiu rnh du ngang nn tn nhit tt nhng v mt c th km vng chc

so vi dy qun ng tm. Dy qun kiu ny c nhiu mi hn gia cc bnh dy.
HA
CA
HA
CA
HA
Hnh 1.7 Dy qun xen k.

1.5.3. V my bin p
V MBA l b phn bo v li MBA trnh tc ng ca cc iu kin ngoi cnh
nh mi trng kh hu. V MBA gm hai b phn thng v np thng.
a.
Thng MBA: Thng my lm bng thp, thng l hnh bu dc. Lc
MBA lm vic, mt phn nng lng b tiu hao, thot ra di dng nhit t nng li
thp, dy cun v b phn khc lm cho nhit ca MBA tng ln. Do gia MBA
v mi trng xung quanh c mt hiu s nhit gi l nhit chnh. Nu nhit
chnh vt qu qui nh th s gim tui th cch in v c th gy s c i vi
MBA.
Trong cc MBA tng cng lm ngui MBA khi vn hnh th li MBA c
ngm trong mi trng du. Nh s i lu trong du, nhit truyn t cc b phn bn
trong MBA sang du ri t du qua vch thng v truyn ta mi trng xung quanh.
Lp du st vch thng lm ngui dn s chuyn xung pha di v li tip tc lm
ngui mt cch tun hon cc b phn bn trong MBA. Mt khc du MBA cn lm
nhim v tng cng cch in.
Ty theo dung lng MBA, m hnh dng v kt cu thng du khc nhau. Loi
thng du n gin nht l thng du phng dng cho cc MBA dung lng t
30KVA tr xung.
i vi cc MBA c trung bnh v ln, ngi ta dng loi du c ng hay loi
thng c b tn nhit.
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Hnh 1.9 Thng du kiu ng.
Hnh 1.10 Thng du c b tn nhit
nhng MBA c dung lng n 10.000KVA. Ta dng nhng b tn nhit c

thm qut gi tng cng lm ngui MBA.
nhng MBA dng trong trm thy in, du c bm qua mt h thng ng
nc tng cng lm ngui my.
b. Np thng: Np thng MBA dng y thng v trn t cc chi tit
my quan trng nh: cc s ca u dy CA v HA, bnh gin du, ng bo him, h
thng role bo v, b phn truyn ca b i ni cc u iu chnh in p ca dy
qun CA .
* Cc s ra ca dy cun CA v HA lm nhim v cch in gia dy dn ra vi
v my. in p cng cao th kch thc v trng lng s ra cng ln.
* Bnh gin du: l mt thng hnh tr bng thp t nm ngang trn np thng
v ni vi thng bng mt ng dn du. bo m du trong thng lun lun y,
phi duy tr du mt mc nht nh. Du trong thng MBA thng qua bnh gin du
theo di mc du bn trong.
* ng bo him: lm bng thp thng l tr nghing, mt u ni vi thng,
mt u bt bng mt a thy tinh. Nu v l do no m p sut du trong thng
cao qu mc cho php th a thy tinh s v du thot ra li trnh h hng
MBA. Ch ng bo him u t a thy tinh quay v pha t ngi qua li hay
nhng v tr t nguy him nht.
1.6. NGUYN L LM VIC CA MBA
Nguyn l lm vic ca MBA da trn hin tng cm ng in t v s dng t
thng bin thin ca li thp sinh ra.
Cc cun dy s cp v th cp trong mt MBA khng c lin h vi nhau v
in m ch c lin h vi nhau v t.
Xt s nguyn l ca mt MBA 1 pha ( Hnh 1.11).
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I1
I2
W1
U1
W2
Hnh 1.11 Nguyn l lm vic ca MBA.

y l s MBA 1 pha 2 dy qun, my gm c 2 cun dy. Cun s cp c
W1 vng dy v c cun th cp c W2 vng dy c qun trn li thp.
Khi t mt in p xoay chiu v1 vo dy cun s cp trong s c dng in
i1. Trong li thp v sinh ra t thng f mc vng vi c hai cun dy s cp v th cp,
cm ng ra cc sc in ng e1 v e2. cun s cp c sc in ng s sinh ra dng
in i2 a ra ti vi in p l u2.
Gi thit in p xoay chiu t vo l mt hm s hnh sin t thng do n sinh
ra cng l mt hm s hnh sin.
f = f m sin t
(1-1)
Do theo nh lut cm ng in t, sc in ng cm ng trong cc dy qun

s cp v th cp l:
e1 = W
e2 = W2
d
dm sin t
= W
= W1m cos t = 2 E1 sin(t )
dt
dt
2
d
dm sin t
= W2
= W2m cos t = 2 E 2 sin(t )
dt
dt
2
(1-2-a)
(1-2-b)
Trong :
E1=
W1m
2
2fW1m
2
= 4,44 fW1m
(1-3-
= 4,44 fW2m
(1-3-b)
a)
E2=
W2m
2
2fW2m
2
L gi tr hiu dng ca cc sc in ng ca cun s cp v th cp. Da vo

biu thc (1-3-a,b) ta c th a ra c t s ca MBA nh sau:
k=
E1 W1
=
E 2 W2
(1-4)
Nu khng k in in p ri trn cc dy qun th c th coi U1 E1, U2 E2 do

k c th coi nh t s in p gia dy qun s cp v th cp.
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k=
E1 U 1
E2 U 2
(1-5)
1.7. TIU CHUN HA TRONG VIC CH TO MBA IN LC

MBA in lc c ch to vi tnh nng c quy nh theo tiu chun nh
nc nh sau.
Theo tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 6391-1998 c cc quy nh.
iu kin lm vic ca MBA. cao khng qu 100m so vi mc nc bin,
nhit ca khng kh xung quanh nm trong phm vi -20oC n -40oC. Trong trng
hp ny Mba c lm ngui bng nc th nhit nc u vo khng vt qu
25oC.
V dng cng sut: Cc gi tr u tin ca cng sut nh mc i vi MBA
cng sut n 10MVA c ch theo dy R10 ca 10; 16; 25; 63; 100; 160; 250; 400;
630; 1000; 1600; 2500; 4000; 6300; 10000 KVA. Nu l MBA 1 pha th cng sut ly
bng 1/3 s liu tm.
V in p c cc mc sau: 0,22; 0,38; 3,6; 10; 22; 35; 110; 220; 500KV.
Tiu chun cng c quy nh k hiu v cch u ni vi gc lch pha trong MBA 3
pha nh sau: kiu ni sao, tam gic hoc zic-zac cc dy pha ca cao p l y, d, z cho
cc cun dy h p. Nu im trung tnh ca cun dy ni vi Y(y) hoc Z(z) c
a ra ngoi th vc nh du phi l YN(yn) hoc ZN(zn) cho cc pha CA v HA [2]
Cc k hiu bng ch lin quan n cc cun dy khc nhau ca mt MBA u
c ghi theo th t gim dn ca in p nh mc.
S lch pha ca cun dy 3 pha gia in p dy th cp MBA 3 pha so vi in
p dy s cp thng c ch th bng ch s ca ng h gi, trong vecto in p
th caaos s cp lun ch 12 trn ng h tng trng cho kim pht. Vecto in p th
cp s lch pha tng ng cc v tr ln lt ch cc gi trong c s 12 c th coi
l s 0 (ch s cng cao th s chm pha cng ln).
1.8. MC CH YU CU V NHIM V
m bo v tnh ton hp l tn t thi gian, vic tnh ton MBA s ln lt
tin hnh theo trnh t nh sau:
1. Xc nh cc i lng c bn:
Tnh dng in pha, in p pha ca cc dy qun.
Xc nh in p th ca cc dy qun.
Xc nh cc thnh phn ca in p ngn mch.
2. Tnh ton cc kch thc ch yu.
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Chn s v kt cu li thp.
Chn loi v m hin tn silic, cch in ca chng , chn cng t cm
ca li st.
Chn cc kt cu v xc nh cc khong cch cch in chnh ca cun dy.
Tnh ton s b MBA chn quan h kch thc c yu b theo i s i0, P0,
m, Pn cho.
Xc nh ng knh tr, chiu cao dy qun, tnh ton s b li st.

3. Tnh ton dy qun CA v HA
Chn dy qun CA v HA
Tnh cun dy HA
Tnh cun dy CA
4. Tnh ton ngn mch
Xc nh tn hao ngn mch
Tnh ton in p ngn mch
Tnh lc t c ca dy qun khi MBA b ngn mch
5. Tnh ton cui cng v h thng mch t v tham s khng ti ca my
MBA
Xc nh kch thc c th ca li st
Xc nh tn hao khng ti
Xc nh dng in khng ti v hiu sut
6. Tnh ton nhit v h thng lm ngui MBA
Qu trnh truyn nhit trong MBA
Khi nim h thng lm ngui MBA
Tiu chun v nhit chnh
Tnh ton nhit MBA
Tnh ton gn ng trng lng v th tch b gin du
7. Tnh ton v la chn mt s chi tit kt cu
Phn ny c trnh by v chn mt s chi tit kt cu quan trng nh bu lng
p gng, v mt s ai p, vch np y thng, bnh gin n du, b phn tn nhit.
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1.9 THUT TON THIT K.

BT U
Tnh ton kch thc ch

yu ca my bin p
Thit k mch t
Tnh ton dy qun
Tnh ton tham s khng ti
Tnh ton cui cng mch t
Tnh ton nhit my bin p
Kt cu my bin p
KT THC
PHN II: THIT K

Nhim v thit k: Thit k my bin p in lc ba pha ngm du cng sut
630 KVA.
Cc s liu ban u:
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Dung lng S=630 KVA.
in p bn cao p UCA=35 KV. Phm vi iu chnh: 2x2,5%.
in p bn h p: 400 V.
Tn s: f=50 Hz.
T ni dy: Y/yn-12.
Tn hao khng ti: P0=1400 W.
Tn hao ngn mch: Pn=6500 W.
in p ngn mch: un%=6,5%.
Dng in khng ti: i0=1%.
My bin p ngoi tri v lm vic lin tc.

CHNG 1
TNH TON CC KICH THC CH YU CA MY BIN P
1.1 XC NH CC I LNG C BN CA MBA.
Da vo cc s liu ban u ca nhim v thit k cho ta phi xc nh cc i
lng in c bn sau y:
1. Dung lng mt pha.
S f=
S
3
(1.1)
Thay s: S=630 KVA.

Ta c: Sf=
630
=210 (KVA)
3
Dung lng trong mi tr.

S =
S 630
=
=210 (KVA)
3
3
(1.2)
2.Dng in dy nh mc.
I2=
Pha cao p (CA)

S m
3.U 2 m
(A)
(1.3)
Thay s U2dm=35 KV l in p pha cao p.

Ta c: I2=
-
S dm
3.U 2 dm
630
3.35
= 10,39( A)
Pha h p (HA)
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
15
n my in
I1=
S dm
3.U 1m
( A)
(1.4)
Thay s: U1dm=400V=0,4KV- l in p pha h p.

Ta c: I1=
630
3.0,4
= 909,33( A)
3. Dng in pha nh mc.

V t ni dy ca MBA l Y/yn-12 nn dng in pha bng dng in dy
If2=I2=10,39(A).
If1=I1=909,33(A).
4. in p pha nh mc.
- Pha cao p ni Y: Uf2=
- Pha h p ni Y: Uf1=
U CA
3
U HA
3
=
=
35
3
0,4
3
= 20,207 KV .
= 0,231KV .
(1.5)
(1.6)
5. Xc inh in p th cc dy qun.
y l yu t quan trng xc nh khong cch cch in gia cc dy qun,
cc thnh phn in dn khc. V cc b phn ni t ca MBA. (Tra bng 2 trang
185. Sch: Thit k MBA in lc- Tc gi: Phan T Th- Nh xut bn KHKT [Ti
liu 1]).
-
Dy qun CA: Ut2=85(KV)
Dy qun HA: Ut1=5(KV)
1.2 CHN CC S LIU XUT PHT V TNH TON CC KCH

THC CH YU.
1. Chiu rng quy i ca rnh t tn gia dy qun CA v HA.
Vi Ut2=85(KV) (Tra bng 19 trang 193 [Ti liu 1])

Ta c: a12=2,7 (cm)
=0,5 (cm)
Trong rnh a12 t mt ng dy =0,5 (cm).

Chiu rng rnh t tn quy i c tnh theo cng thc: aR=a12+
Trong :
a1 + a 2
.
3
a1 + a 2
=k. 4 S ' .10 2 =0,53. 4 210 .10 2 = 0,02m = 2cm
3
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
16
n my in
aR=2,7 + 2=4,7 cm.

Chn k=0,53. (Tra bng 12 trang 190 [Ti liu 1]).
2. H s quy i t trng tn h s rgxki: KR=0,95.
3. Cc thnh phn in p ngn mch:
a. Thnh phn tc dng ca in p ngn mch.
u nr % =
Pn
6500
=
= 1,03%.
10.S dm 10.630
(1.7)
b. Thnh phn phn khng ca in p ngn mch.

u nx % = u n2 % u nr2 % = 6,5 2 1,03 2 = 6,42%.
(1.8)
CHNG 2
THIT K MCH T
2.1 CHN TN SILIC.
Li st l phn mch t ca MBA, l phn dn t thng chnh ca MBA. Do
thit k cn phi m bo lm sao cho tha mn nhng yu cu nh: tn hao st chnh
v ph nh, dng in khng ti nh, lng tn silic s dng lm sao cho t nht v h
s in y ca li st ln. Mt khc, li st khng ch lm khung m trn gn
nhiu b phn quan trng ca MBA nh: dy qun, gi dn ra, i vi mt s MBA
cn gn c np my c th nng cu ton b li st ra khi v khi sa cha. Hn th
na li st cn c th chu c lc c hc ln khi dy qun b ngn mch.
cc yu cu i vi mch t nh trn c tha mn th vic chn loi tn
silic nh th no l rt quan trng, vi silic c dy bao nhiu, thnh phn silic bao
nhiu l c. Khi tn silic c thnh phn silic trong l tn cao qu th l tn s b dn,
n hi km i.
y ta chn loi tn cn lnh l v loi tn ny c u im vt tri v kh
nng dn t v gim hao mn so vi tn cn nng. Tn cn lnh l loi tn c v tr
sp xm cc tinh th gn nh khng i v c tnh dn t khng ng hng, do
sut tn hao gim 2 n 2,5 ln so vi tn cn nng. t thm thay i rt t theo
thi gian dng tn cn lnh cho php tng cng t cm trong li thp ln ti (1,6
1,65)T, trong khi tn cn nng ch l (1,4 1,45)T. T gim c tn hao
trong my, gim c trng lng kch thc my, c bit l rt bt c ng k
chiu cao MBA, rt thun li cho vic chuyn ch. Tuy nhin gi thnh tn cn lnh
c hi cao hn nhng do vic gim c ch to bi tn cn nng. Qua s so snh trn
ti quyt inh dng tn cn lnh dy 0,35(mm) m hiu 3404 lm vt liu ch to
MBA.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
17
n my in
2.2 CT L THP.
Do ta s dng loi tn cn lnh m do loi tn cn lnh c tnh dn t khng
ng hng nn vic ghp ni gia tr v gng khng th thc hin kiu ni vung
gc nh tn cn nng c v nh vy gc ghp ni 0 kh ln lm tng tn hao
st (Hnh 2.1a) m ta phi dng mi ni nghing hay l phi ct vt l tn nh (Hnh
2.2) khi gc 0 s nh i v tn hao st s gim ng k (Hnh 2.1b).
Hng cn
b
Hnh 2.1 Mi ni gia gng v tr
a. Mi ni thng.
b. Mi ni cho.
Hnh 2.2 L tn ct vt.

Khi ct tn xong ta s phi x l cho tt bavia, v ta phi li nhng l tn va
ct xong cho nhng tinh th kim loi trong vt ct tr li nh hng ban u. Cc
l tn k thut in sau c sn ph cch in mt ngoi trc khi ghp chng li
vi nhau.
2.2 TNH CHN S B MCH T.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
18
n my in
1. Chn s bc thang trong tr.

Ta chn tn cn lnh m hiu 3404 c chiu dy 0,35 mm. Theo bng 11 [Ti
liu 1], ta chn t cm trong truk l: BT=1,6 T. p tr bng nm vi dy qun, p gng
bng x p, khng dng bulng xuyn qua tr v gng. H s tng cng gng chn
bng kg=1,025 (Bng 6[Ti liu 1]).
Theo bng 4 trang 186 [Ti liu 1] ta chn s bc thang trong tr l 8, c h s
chm kn l: kc=0,928.
S bc thang ca gng ly nh hn tr 1 bc, tc gng c 6 bc.
Theo vy h s li dng ca li st l: k1d=kc.k=0,928.0,97=0,9. (2.9)
Hnh v tit din tr vi s bc thang trong tr l 6

2. T cm trong ca gng.
B
1,6
T
BG= k = 1,025 = 1,56(T )
g
(2.10)
3. Sut tn hao trong tr v gng.

Tra theo bng 45 trang 216 [Ti liu 1]
Sut tn hao trong tr v gng.
p t = 1,295(W / Kg )
tng ng vi BT=1,6 T.
p g = 1,207(W / Kg )
tng ng vi BT=1,56 T.
4. Sut t ha trong tr, gng v khe h khng kh:

Tra theo bng 50 trang 220 [Ti liu 1] ta c:
q t = 1,775VA / Kg
tng ng vi BT=1,6 T.
q g = 1,575VA / Kg tng
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
ng vi BT=1,56T.
19
n my in
q k = 23500VA / m 2 = 2,35VA / cm 2 tng ng vi BT=1,6 T.
5. Khong cch cch in chnh:

C: Khong cch gia 2 tr cnh nhau.
d : ng knh ng trn ngoi tip tit din ngang ca tr.
d 12 : ng knh trung bnh gia 2 dy qun.
l 01 :
Khong cch t dy qun n gng.
a1 : B dy cun HA.
a 2 : B dy cun CA.
a 01 :
Khong cch cch in gia tr v dy qun HA.
a12 : Khong cch cch in gia dy qun HA v CA.

a 22 : Khong cch cch in gia 2 cun CA.
l
: Chiu cao dy qun.
in p th bn CA l: Ut2=85(KV).
in p th bn HA l: Ut1=5 (KV).
Theo bng 18,19 trang 193 [Ti liu 1] ta xc nh cc khong cch cch in
chnh:
+ Gia cun HA vi tr: a01=0,5 (cm).
+ Gia cun HA vi cun CA: a12=2,7 (cm).
+ ng cch in gia CA v HA: 12=0,5 (cm).
+ Dy qun CA n gng: l01=l02=7,5 (cm).
+ Phn u tha ca ng cch in: ld2=5 (cm).
+ Khong cch cch in gia 2 cun CA: a22=2 (cm).
6. Cc hng s tnh ton.
Tra bng 12, 13 trang 191 [Ti liu 1] ta c:
Tr s hng dn i vi dy ng : a=1,4.
Tr s hng dn i vi MBA du: b=0,4.
H s kf=0,95 (Tra bng 15 trang 191 [Ti liu 1])
Chn h s ti u :
tm h s ti u ta cn xc nh s liu v cc c tnh c bn ca MBA,

ta tnh cc h s.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
20
n my in
A=0,507. 4
S ' .a R .k r
f .u nx .BT2 .k ld2
Trong : chn kr=0,95

Chiu rng rnh t tn quy i c tnh theo cng thc: aR= a12+
a1 + a 2
.
3
a1 + a 2
=k. 4 S ' .10 2 = 0,53.4 210 .10 2 = 0,02m = 2cm
3
aR=2,7+2=4,7 cm.
Vy A=0,507.
S ' .a R .k r
210.0,047.0,95
= 0,507.4
= 0,175
2
2
f .u nx .BT .kld
50.6,42.1,6 2.0,9 2
(Trong h s 0,507= 4
7,9 / 3,14 2.1,112.10
).
Mt khc, i vi MBA 3 pha dng tn cn lnh th cc h s:

A1=5,663.104.A3.k1d.a (kg)
(1.12)
A2=3,605.104.A2.kld.l02. (kg)
(1.13)
Trong : a=1,4; kld=0,9; l02=l01=7,5 (cm); A=0,176

Thay s ta c:
A1=5,633.104.A3.kld.a=5,633.104.0,1753.0,9.1,4=380,4 (kg)
A2=3,605.104.A2.kld.l02=3,605.104.0,1752.0,9.0,075=74,52(kg)
i vi MBA 3 pha th cc h s:
B1=2,4.104.kld.kg.A3.(a+b+e) (kg)
(2.14)
B2=2,4.104.kld.kg.A2.(a12+a22) (kg) (2.15)

Trong : kg=1,025; b=0,4; a=1,4; e=0,405 (MBA ba pha c cng sut
630KVA); a12+a22=2,7+2=4,7(cm).
Thay s ta c.
B1=2,4.104.kld.kg.A3.(a+b+e)
=2,4.104.0,9.1,025.0,1753.(1,4+0,4+0,405)= 261,64 (kg)
B2=2,4.104.kld.kg.A2.(a12+a22)
=2,4.104.0,9.1,025.0,1752.(0,027+0,02)=31,87(kg)
S .a 2
C1=kdq. k .k 2 .B 2 .u . A 2
f
ld
T
nr
(2.16)
Trong :
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
21
n my in
i vi dy ng: kdq=2,46.10-2; kld=0,9; kf=0,95; BT=1,6; unr=1,03; A=0,175;

a=1,4.
Thay s ta c:
S .a 2
C1=kdq. k .k 2 .B 2 .u . A 2
f
ld
T
nr
630.1,4 2
= 488,84(kg )
=2,46.10 .
0,95.0,9 2.1,6 2.1,03.0,175 2
-2
7. Tnh s b cc i lng c lin quan.

a.
Trng lng 1 gc ca li.
G=0,486.104.kg.kld.A3.x3
(2.17)
=0,486.104.1,025.0,9.0,1753.x3=24,03x3
b.
Tit din tr tnh s b.
Tt=0,785.kl.A2.x2=0,785.0,9.0,1752.x2=0,022x2
kl: H s lp y ca tn cn lnh m 3404 (Tra bng 10 trang 189 [Ti liu 1]).
Din tch khe h mi ni nghing: T 'k =
c.
Tt=0,031x2.
Tn hao khng ti ca MBA.
'
'
P0= k f . pT .GT + k f . p G .GG
Trong :
(1.18)
k 'f . pT .GT
: tn hao trong tr.
k 'f . p G .GG
: tn hao trong gng.
k 'f
: h s ph, ch yu k n vt liu lm li st (i vi tn cn
'
f
lnh c th ly k =1,25).
pT =1,295 (W/Kg); pG=1,207 (W/Kg): l sut tn hao trong
tr v gng.
Thay s ta c: P0=1,25.1, 353.GT+1,25.1,251.GG
=1,69125.GT+1,56375.GG
d.
Cng sut t ha li thp MBA.
''
Q0= k f .(QC + Q f + Q )
(VA)
(2.19)
Trong : QC=qT.GT+ qG.GG=1,775.GT+1,575.GG.

v gng)
Qf=40.qT.G
(qT, qG: Sut t ha trong tr
(2.20)
=40.1,775.G=71.G.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
22
n my in
(Qf: Sut t ha ph i vi gc c mi ni nghing).

Q =3,2.qK.TT
(2.21)
=3,2.2,35.TT=7.52.TT
( Q : Cng sut t ha nhng khe h khng kh ng vi BT; qK: Sut t ha
khe h khng kh ng vi BT).
qK=2,35(VA/cm2)
''
Trong cng thc (2.19) k f l h s k n s phc hi tch t tnh khng hon
''
ton khi li l tn cng nh s un nn v p li st. Chn k f =1,25.
Thay s vo cng thc (2.19) ta c:

Q0=1,25.(1,775.GT+1,575.GG+7,52.TT+71.G)
Trng lng tc dng ca li st my bin p: GFe=GT+GG (Kg)
C1
x2
e.
Trng lng dy qun: Gdq=
(Kg)
f.
Trng lng dy dn: G=kc.Gdq (Kg)
(2.22)
(2.23)
(2.24)
: H s k n cch in ca dy qun. Chn kc=1,06
k c
Vy Ctd=CFe+Cdq
(2.25)
Trong : CFe: gi thnh ca phn li st. CFe=GFe

Cdq: gi thnh ca dy dn.
Vi Cdq=kc.kdqFe.Gdq
(Trong kdqFe=
C dd
= 1,81 (Tra bng 16 trang 192 [Ti liu 1])
C Fe
Vy Cdd=1,06.1,81.Gdq=1,918.
g.
i0 =
(2.26)
C1
x2
Thnh phn dng in khng ti.

Q0
(%)
10.S
h.
=
(2.27)
Mt dng in trong dy qun.

k f .Pn
k .G dq
(2.28)
Trong : Pn: Cng sut tn hao ngn mch (Pn=6500).

k : H s ph thuc v in tr sut ca dy qun. Chn k=2,4
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
23
n my in
0,95.6500
=
2,4.Gdq
2573
Gdq
Ta tnh ton c s liu ghi trong bng di y vi 5 tr s trong phm vi

t 1,2 n 3,6. Trong x= 4 ; x2= 4 2 ; x3= 4 3 .
Cc gi tr x c gii hn bi.
2,4.C1
x 4,5. k .P
f
n
x 4,5.
(2.29)
2,4.417,15
=1,81
0,95.6500
BNG TNH TON MBA S=6300KVA (35/0,4 KV)
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.6
1.0466
1.1583
1.2446
1.3160
1.3774
X=
X3= 4 3
1.0954
1.3416
1.5492
1.7320
1.8974
1.1465
1.0466
363.45
1.5540
1.1583
328.41
1.9282
1.2446
305.62
2.2795
1.3161
289.04
2.6135
1.3774
276.16
X=
A1/x=380,4/x
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
24
n my in
A2.x2=74,52.x2
GT=A1/x+A2.x2
B1.x3=261,64.x3
B2.x2=31,87.x2
GG= B1.x3+ B2.x2
GFe= GT+ GG
PT=1,61875.GT
PG=1,50875.GG
QFe=1,775GT+1,575GG
Qf=71.G
Q=7,52TT
Q0=1,25(QFe+Qf+Q)
I0=Q0/10.S
G=24,17.x3
TT=0,0236x2
Gdq=C1/x2=488,84/x2
Gdd=1,06Gdq
=
2573 Gdq
CFe=GFe
Cdq=1,81 Gdd
Ctd=CFe+Cdq
P0=PT+PG
d=A.x=0,175.x
68.03
431.47
299.98
34.91
334.89
766.36
698.45
505.26
1293.32
1967.52
55.54
383.96
406.59
42.76
449.35
833.31
621.53
677.95
1389.25
2666.79
48.10
353.73
504.50
49.37
553.87
907.60
572.59
835.65
1500.21
3308.97
43.02
332.06
596.41
55.20
651.61
983.67
537.53
983.11
1615.70
3911.79
39.27
315.44
683.80
60.47
744.27
1059.71
510.61
1122.92
1732.13
4484.99
0.1944
0.2381
0.2749
0.3074
0.3367
4076.31
0.6470
27.71
0.0258
446.25
473.02
5070.35
0.8048
37.56
0.0316
364.36
386.22
6011.83
0.9542
46.60
0.0365
315.54
334.47
6909.75
1.0968
55.09
0.0408
282.23
299.16
7771.82
1.2336
63.16
0.0447
257.64
273.09
2.4012
766.36
856.17
1622.54
1203.72
0.1831
2.6573
833.31
699.06
1532.37
1299.49
0.2027
2.8555
907.60
605.40
1513.0
1408.25
0.2178
3.0194
983.67
541.49
1525.16
1520.65
0.2303
3.1601
1059.71
494.31
1554.02
1633.53
0.2410
Vi cc s liu m ta tnh ton c trong bng t ta v th quan h gia

cc ai lng: P0(W); GFe;Gdq;Ctd(%) vi .
T ta xc nh c Ctdmin ng vi gi tr no .
a. Quan h tn hao khng ti P0 v dng in khng ti i0 theo .

I0
I0=Q0/(10.S)
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0.6470
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
1.2
0.8048
1.8
2.4
0.9543
1.2336
1.0968
3.6
25
n my in

P0
P0=PT + PG
2000
1500
1000
1203.72
1633.53
1520.65
1408.25
1299.49
500
0
0
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.6
b.Quan h trng ln li st GFe, trng lng dy qun Gdq vi .

GFe
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
Gdq
GFe= GT+ GG
833.31
766.36
1.2
1.8
907.60
2.4
1059.71
983.67
3.6
Gdq=C1/x2=488,84/x2
500
446.25
400
364.36
300
315.54
200
282.23
257.64
100
0
0
i.
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.6
Quan h gi thnh vt liu tc dng theo .
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
26
n my in

Ctd=CFe+Cdq
1640
1620
1600
1580
1560
1540
1520
1500
0
1622.54
1554.02
1532.37
1525.16
1513.0
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.6
Theo nh bng tnh ton v th ta thy:

+ Vi gii hn P0=1400 (W) cho ta tra c trn th P0=f( ) tr s
2,4 v vi gii hn I0=1% ta tra c trn th I0=f( ) tr s 3 (coi th l
tuyn tnh). Ta thy tr s ln thng lm tng trng lng tc dng, tn hao khng
ti, gi thnh h thng lm lnh, vt liu lm thng du cng nh cc chi tit khc, do
trng lng tng ca my tng ln. Bi th khi chn cui cng c khuynh
hng ly gi tr nh. Theo nhim v thit k m bo yu cu P0=1400 (W) ta
chn =2,3 c s chnh lch gi thnh vi so vi lc =2,4 ng vi C td min l khng
n 0,5%.
ng knh tr st:
d=A. 4 =0,176.
2,3 =0,2167(m)
Chn ng knh s b gn nht: ddm=0,2167 (m)

4
d 0,2167
= dm =
2,3. Vy ta chn =2,3
A 0,176
Tnh li h s:
T =2,3 va tm c ta suy ra:

- Trng lng dy qun: Gdq=308,86 (Kg)
- Trng lng dy dn:
Gdd=1,06.308,86=327,39 (Kg)
- Mt dng in:
= 2,803 A/mm2
- Trng lng li st:
GFe=891,22 (Kg)
- Tn hao khng ti:
P0=1400 (W)
- Dng khng ti:
i0=0,913%
- Gi thnh vt liu tc dng: Ctd=1530,12 n v quy c.

* ng knh trung bnh ca rnh du s b:
d 12 =a.d=1,4.0,2167=0,303 (m)
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
27
n my in
*Chiu cao dy qun:

l =
.d12 3,14.0,3034
=
=0,41 (m).
2,3
8. Tit din hu hiu ca li:

Tt=k.Tb=0,97.0,0353 =0,034(m2)
Trong : Tb=0,0353 m2 tra theo bng 42b trang 213 [Ti liu 1].
CHNG III
TNH TON DY QUN MY BIN P
3.1 CC YU CU CHUNG
3.1.1 Yu cu vn hnh:
a. Yu cu v in.
Khi vn hnh thng dy qun MBA c in p lm vic bnh thng v qu
in p do ng ngt mch trong li in hay st nh gy nn. nh hng ca qu
in p do ng ngt mch vi in p lm vic bnh thng, thng ch yu l i
vi cch in chnh ca MBA, tc l cch in gia cc dy qun vi nhau v gia
dy qun vi v my, cn qu in p do st nh ln ng dy thng nh hng
n cch in dc ca MBA, tc l gia cc vng dy. Lp dy hay gia cc bnh dy
ca tng dy qun.
b.
Yu cu v c hc.
Dy qun khng b bin dng hoc h hng di tc dng ca lc c hc do

dng in ngn mch gy nn.
c.
Yu cu v nhit.
Khi vn hnh bnh thng cng nh trong trng hp ngn mch, trong thi gian
nht nh dy qun khng c c nhit qu cao v lc cht cch in s b nng
mt tnh n hi, ha gin v mt tnh cht cch in. V vy khi thit k phi m bo
sao cho tui th ca cht cch in l 15 n 20 nm.
3.1.2 Yu cu v ch to.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
28
n my in
Lm sao cho kt cu n gin tn t nguyn vt liu v nhn cng, thi gian ch

to ngn, gi thnh h v phi m bo v mt vn hnh.
Nh vy yu cu i vi vic thit k my bin p l:
Phi c quan im ton din; kt hp mt cch hp l gia 2 yu cu ch
to v vn hnh sn phm c cht lng tt vi gi thnh h.
Phi ch n kt cu v cch ch to dy qun sao cho thch hp vi
trnh k thut ca c s sn xut.
-
Phi nm vng nhng l lun c lin quan n dy qun CA, vt liu cch
in.
Qu trnh thit k dy qun c th tin hnh theo ba bc:
-
Chn kiu v kt cu dy qun.
Tnh ton, sp xp v b tr dy qun.
Tnh ton cc c tnh ca dy qun MBA.( hay cc tham s ca chng)
3.2 TNH TON DY QUN H P.

Trong trng hp MBA ny l loi 2 dy qun, cun HA qun trong, cun CA
qun ngoi, nh vy ta s tnh ton cun dy HA trc, sau tnh n cun CA.
1. in p mt vng dy.
Uv=4,44.f.BT.TT
(2.30)
Uv=4,44.50.1,6.0,034=12,077 (V).
2. S vng dy mt pha ca dy qun HA.
W1=
U f1
(2.31)
Uv
Trong : Uf1=231 (V): in p nh mc pha HA.

231
Thay s ta c: W1= 12,077 =19,13 (vng).

Lm trn s: W1=19 (vng)
Ta tnh li Uv=231/19=12,16 (V)
3. Mt dng in trung bnh.
tb = 0,746.K f .
Pn .U v
6500.12,16
= 0,746.0,95.
= 2,9( A / mm 2 )
S .d12
630.30,34
(2.32)
d 12 = 30,34cm : ng knh trung bnh ca rnh du s b.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
29
n my in
Tr s tb l t s gn ng cho cc dy qun CA v HA tr s tb thc t trong

cc dy qun phi lm sao cho gn st vi tr s ny. Sai s cho php khng vt qu
0,1 tb tc l 0,1.2,9=0,29 (A/mm2)
Nh vy tr s mt dng in trung bnh c th ly:
tb =2,9-0,29=2,61
Tnh li mt t cm:
B T=
(A/mm2)
Uv
12,16
=
=1,6 (T)
4,44. f .TT
4,44.50.0,034
4. Tit din vng dy s b.

T1' =
I f1
(3.33)
tb
Trong If1 l dng in nh mc pha HA.

If1=909,33 (A)
tb =2,61
Ta c: T 1' =
(A/mm2)
909,33
2,61
=348,4(mm2)
5. Chn kt cu ca dy qun HA.

Theo bng 38, vi S=630 KVA; I1=909,33 (A); U1=230 (V); T 1' =348,4 (mm2)
Ta chn kt cu ca dy qun kiu xon n dy dn bt. Chiu cao rnh du s
b ly hr=5 (mm). S m mt vnh bnh dy l 8 (bng 30 [Ti liu 1]), b rng tm
m bn=40 (mm)=4 (cm).
6. Chiu cao hng trc ca mi vng dy.
hv1 =
l
0,41
hr1 =
0,005 = 0,0155 (cm)
w1 +1
20
V hv1> 15 mm(0,015 m), theo hnh 3.40a [ti liu 1] vi tb = 2,61 (A/mm2),
q=2000 W/m2 th b khng cho php vt qu 28 (mm), do ta chn kiu dy qun
hnh xon kp c rnh du ngang gia cc bnh dy, hon v phn b u.
7. Theo bng 21 [ti liu 1], vi T1 v hv1 nh ni trn ta chn tit din mi
vng dy gm 8 si song song, chia thnh hai nhm ( dy qun hnh xon kp) mi
nhm 4 si c rnh du ngang gia hai nhm l 5 mm.(hnh 2.3)
Qui cch dy dn HA nh sau: .8
4,5 7,5
5,00 8,00
; 32,9
8. Do tit din mi vng dy: T1=nv1.Td1.10-6=2,632.10-4 (m2)

9. Chiu cao thc ca dy mi vng dy: hv1=2.8+5=21 mm
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
30
n my in
10. Mt dng in thc ca dy qun HA:

1=
I f1
T1
909,33
=3,45 A/mm2
263,2
11. Chiu cao thc ca dy qun HA: b cho dy qun CA do phi ct gia
dy qun khi iu chnh in p, ta b tr thm 4 rnh du ngang mi rnh 10mm
gia chiu cao dy qun HA, do chiu cao thc ca dy qun HA l:
l 1=2.b.10-3.(W1+1)+k.[(2.W1+1-4).hr+4.10].10-3
=2.8.10-3.(19+1)+0,95.[(2.19+1-4).5+4.10].10-3=0,524 m.
12. Chiu dy dy qun HA.
a1 =4.5.10-3=0,02 m
Theo bng 18, vi Ut1=5 kV, S=630 KVA, dy qun hnh xon, ta tm c a01=5
0,27
mm, dy qun c qun trn ng ba bakelit c ng knh d= 0,278 .0,77 m c 8

ci chn.
13. ng knh trong ca dy qun HA
D1=d+2.a01.10-3=0,2167+2.5.10-3=0,2267 m.
14. ng knh ngoi ca dy qun HA.
D1= D1+2.a1=0,2267+2.0,02=0,2667 m.
15. Trng lng ng dy qun HA:
Gcul= 28.103.t.D1tb.W1.T1.10-6=28.103.3.0,2467.19.2,632.10-4=103,63 kg.
Trong : D1tb=
D1' + D1'' 0,2267 + 0,2667

=
=0,2467 m
2
2
Trng lng dy qun k c cch in: Gdq1=1,02.Gcu1=1,0225.103,63=106 kg.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
31
n my in
20
Hnh 2.3 Tit din mt vng dy ca dy qun HA.

3.2 TNH TON DY QUN CA.
1. Chn s iu chnh in p theo hnh 3-37d [ti liu 1]. Cc u phn p
c ni vo cc cc ca b i ni ba pha (Hnh 2.4). Dng in lm vic qua cc
tip im l 26,4 A. in p ln nht gia cc tip im ca hai pha ca b i ni l:
- in p lm vic Ulv: 10%(U2/
- in p th Ut1: 2.10%( U2/
3 )=0,1.(35000/
3 )=2.0,1.
.(35000/
3)
=2022 V.
3)
=4044 V.
c c nhng in p khc nhau bn CA cn phi ni nh sau:

-
in p iu chnh :
in p
iu chnh
2 2,5%
in p
Cc cc ca dy qun
+ 5%
36750
A2A3
B2B3
C2C3
+2,5%
35875
A3A4
B3B4
C3C4
35000
A4A5
B4B5
C4C5
- 2,5%
34425
A5A6
B5B6
C5C6
-5%
33250
A6A7
B6B7
C6C7
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
32
n my in
A6
A4
A2
A3
A5
A7
X
Hnh 2.4 S iu chnh in p ca dy qun HA.
-
S vng dy ca cun CA ng vi in p nh mc:

U
20207
f2
W2dm= W1 U = 19.
=1662
231
f1
3. S vng dy cun CA mt cp iu chnh:

U
Wc= 3.U =
v
875
3.12,077
=41,8 42.
4. S vng dy tng ng trn cc nhnh:

- Cp 36750 V :
W2=1662+2.42=1746;
- Cp 35875 V:
W2=1662+42=1074;
- Cp 35000 V:
W2m=1662;
- Cp 34125 V:
W2=1662-42=1620;
- Cp 33250 V:
W2=1662-2.42=1578;
5. Mt dng in s b:
' 2 = 2. tb - 1 =2.2,61-3,45=1,77 A/mm2.
6. S b tnh tit din vng dy:

T2=
If2
2
'
10,39
= 5,87 mm2
1,77
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
33
n my in
7. Theo bng 38, vi S=630 KVA; If2=10,39 A; U2=35000 V; T2=5,87 mm2, ta

chn kt cu dy ng hnh ng nhiu lp dy dn trn.
d2 =
T2' .4
=2,73
Ta chn dy dn ng c
d 2 2,65
=
.
d 2' 3,05
Trong : d2: ng knh dy trn.

d 2' : ng knh dy c cch in.
Chiu dy cch in = 0,4 (mm)

Tit din dy T2=5,515 mm2.
d2
d2
Hnh 2.5 Mt ct ngang dy qun CA.

8. Mt dng in thc:
2 =
If2
Td 2
10,39 1,88 A/mm2.

=
5,515
9. S vng dy 1 lp:
y ta coi l1=l2=0,524 (m). Tc l coi chiu cao dy qun CA bng chiu di
dy qun HA.
Wl2=
l2
0,524
-1=170,8 (vng).
' -1=
3,05.10 3
d2
Chn Wl2 l 170 vng. Vi d2=3,05 (mm).
10. S lp trong cun CA.

n12 =
W2 dm 1662
=
=9,77 (lp).
W12
170
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
34
n my in
Lm trn n12=10 lp.

11. in p gia 2 lp k nhau.
U12=2.W12.Uv=2.170.12,16=4134,4 (V).
Trong Uv=12,16 (V): in p trn 1 vng dy.
Da vo U12 chn chiu dy cch in gia cc lp ( Theo bng 26 trang 200
[Ti liu 1]) ta chn cch in mi lp l ba cch in, 7 lp ba cch in chiu dy
mi lp l 12 =0,12 (mm) u tha cch in mt u dy qun l ld2=22 (mm).
12. Phn phi li cc lp dy qun.
H s h lnh ca 10 lp trong 1 bnh l a22=0,088 (m). Lp trong cng c mn
tnh in dy 0,5 mm t cch in gia cc lp bng Bakelit cng.
13. Chiu dy dy qun CA.
a 2' =d .(n+1)+ .(n-1)+a
2
12
22
Trong : a22=0,0088 m; 12=0,12 (mm)=0,00012 (m): chiu dy lp cch

in; d2=3,05*2 lp=6,1 (mm)=0,0061(m)
Thay s ta c: a2=0,0061.11+0,00012.9+0,0088=0,077 (m).
14. B tr mn chn tnh in.
lp ngoi cng ca dy qun CA ta t 1 mn chn tnh in bng kim loi dy
0,5(mm) ni in vi dy qun CA. Mn chn c cch in 2 pha, nn lc chiu
dy dy qun CA s l:
a 2 =a2+0,0025.2=0,077+0,005=0,082 (m).
15. ng knh trong ca dy qun CA.

D2=D1+2.a12
Trong : D1=0,267 m l ng knh ngoi ca dy qun HA.
a12 l khong cch cch in t cun CA ti HA.
D2=0,267+2.0,027=0,321(m).
16. ng knh ngoi ca dy qun CA.
D2=D2+2.a2=0,321+2.0,082=0,485 (m).
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
35
n my in

D1
D2
D2
Hnh 2.6 Mt ct ngang cun CA.

17. Khong cch gia 2 tr cnh nhau.
C=D2+a22=0,485+0,02=0,505 (m)
18. B mt lm lnh ca dy qun CA.
V dy qun CA c 1 t hp lp nn c 4 mt lm lnh
Ta c b mt lm lanh dy qun CA l:
M2=n.t.k. .(D2+D2).l1.10-4 (m2)
Trong : k=0,8 l h s k n s che khut b mt dy qun do que nm v
cc chi tit cch in khc.
n = 1: s t lp.
t = 3: s tr ca MBA.
l1 =l2=0,524 (m).
D2=0,321 (m)
D2=0,485 (m).
Thay s ta c:
M2=1.3.0,8.3,14.(0,321+0,485).0,524=3,18 (m2)
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
36
n my in
19. Trng lng dy qun CA.

GCu2=28.t.
"
D2' +
D2
.W2 dm .T2 . 10 =28.3.
2
-3
0,321 + 0,485
.1662.5,515.10 3
2
=310,3 Kg.
Trng lng dy qun k c cch in, phi tng trng lng dy qun ln:
1,5.1,7=2,25%; 0,0225+1=1,0225
Nn lc ny ta c: Gdd2=1,0225.310,3=317,3 Kg.
20. Ton b trng lng ca dy qun bng ng ca cun CA v HA.
GCu=GCu1+GCu2=111,7 + 310,3=422 Kg.
21. Ton b trng lng dy qun k c cch in.
Gdd=Gdd1+Gdd2=114,2 + 317,3=431,5 Kg.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
37
n my in
CHNG IV
TNH TON CC THAM S KHNG TI NGN MCH
Tnh ton ngn mch lin quan n vic tnh ton tn hao ngn mch Pn, in p
mch, dng in cc i khi ngn mch In, lc c gii trong dy qun v s pht nng
ca dy qun khi ngn mch.
1.1 XC NH TN HAO NGN MCH.
Tn hao ngn mch ca MBA hai dy qun l tn hao tng MBA khi ngn mch
mt dy qun cn dy qun kia t vo in p Un cho dng in trong hai dy
qun u bng nh mc.
Tn hao ngn mch gm cc thnh phn sau:
1. Tn hao chnh: l tn hao ng trong dy qun HA v CA do dng in gy ra
PCe2,PCu1.
2. hao ph trong hai dy qun: do t thng tn xuyn qua dy qun lm
cho dng in phn b khng u trong tit din dy gy ra Pr1,Pr2.
3. Tn hao ph trong dy dn ra: Prf1,Prf2 thng tn hao ny rt nh c th
b qua.
4. Tn hao trong vch thng du v kt cu kim loi khc P1: do t thng tn
gy nn.
Thng th tn hao ph c tnh gp vo trong tn hao chnh bng cch thm
vo h s tn hao ph Kf.
Vy tn hao ngn mch l:
Pn=Kf.(KCu+PCu1)+Pr1+Pr2+Pt(W)
4.1.1 Tn hao chnh:
1. Tn hao trong dy qun HA.
Nh ta bit PCu t l bnh phng ca mt dng in v vy khi bo m
cho PCu bng hng s nu tng th GCu phi gim. Nhng ta s khng t vn
tng nhiu gim trng lng ng GCu. V trng lng ng khng gim c
bao nhiu m tn hao ng s tng ln nhiu ( c th qu mc quy nh). ng thi
dy qun s pht nng nhiu v ta phi dng nhiu du v phi tnh ton thm cho
phn tn nhit.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
38
n my in
PCu1=2,4. 21 .GCu1=2,4.3,452.111,7=3190,8 (W).

2. Tn hao trong dy qun CA.
PCu2=2,4. 22 .GCu2=2,4.1,882.310,3 =2632 (W).
4.1.2 Tn hao ph:
b
m
a
d
n
1. Tn hao ph trong dy qun HA.
Kf1=1 + 0,095.108. 2.a4.n2=1 + 0,095.108.0,066.4,54.10-12.42=1,0041

2
7,5.10 3.19.0,95
b.m.k r
= 0,066
0,524
l
Vi 12 =
Trong : b= 7,5.10-3 (m): l kch thc ca dy dn theo hng thng gc ( sng

song) vi t tn (m).
n =4 l s dy qun thng gc vi t thng tn.

2. Tn hao trong dy qun CA.
Kf2=1 + 0,095.108. 22 .a4.n2=1 + 0,095.108.0,608.(2,73)4.10-12.102=1,032
a =d2=2,73 mm.
Vi 22 =
2,73.10 3.170.0,95
d 2 .W12 .k r
=0,608
l
0,524
4.1.3 Tn hao trong dy dn ra.

1. Tn hao dy qun HA.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
39
n my in
+ Chiu di dy dn ra: lr1=7,5.l1=7,5.0,524=3,93 m.

+ Trng lng dy dn ra: Gr1=lr1.Tr1. .10-6
Trong : lr1: l chiu di dy dn ra ca HA.; Tr1=263,3.10-6 m2: tit din ra ca
cun HA.
Thay s ta c: Gr1=3,93.263,2.10-6.8900=9,2 Kg.
+ Tn hao ng trong dy dn ra: Pr1=2,4. 21 .Gr1=2,4.3,452.9,2=262,8 (W).
2. Tn hao dy qun CA.
+ Chiu di dy dn ra: lr2=7,5.l2=7,5.0,524=3,93 m
+ Trng lng dy dn ra: Gr2=lr2.Tr2. .10-8
Trong : lr2: l chiu di dy dn ra ca CA; Tr2=5,515 mm2: l tit din dy dn
ra cun CA.
Thay s ta c: Gr2=3,93.5,515.10-6.8900=0,193 Kg.
+ Tn hao ng trong dy qun CA: Pr2=2,4. 22 .Gr2
=2,4.1,882.0,193=1,64 (W)
3. Tng tn hao ngn mch.
Pn=PCu1.Kf1 + PCu2.Kf2 + Pr1 + Pr2
Trong : PCu1=3190,8 (W): Tn hao ng dy qun HA.
Kf1= 1,0041
: H s tn hao trong dy qun HA.
Kf2=1,032
: H s tn hao trong dy qun CA.
PCu2=2632 (W) : Tn hao trong dy qun CA.

Pr1=262,8 (W) : Tn hao ng trong dy dn ra cun HA.
Pr2=1,64 (W) : Tn hao ng tron dy dn ra cun CA.
Thay s ta c:
Pn=3190,8.1,0041 + 2632.1,032 + 262,8 + 1,64 = 6184,5 (W)
Vy tn hao tnh ton vt qu tn hao bi cho l:
| 6184,5 6500 |
= 4,85% - t yu cu (< 5%)
6500
4. Mt nhit trn b mt dy qun.

+ Pha HA.
q1 =
107.1 .I f 1 .Wb .K f 1
k .(b ' + a k )
107.3,45.10 6.909,33.0,5.1,0041
.10 10
0,75(0,008 +0,02)
=802,5 (W/m2)
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
40
n my in
Trong :

1 =3,45.106 A/m2: Mt dng in thc ca dy qun HA.
If1=909,33 V: L dng in pha ca dy qun HA.

Wb=0,5: L s vng dy trong mt bnh, vi mch kp.
Kf1=1,0041: L h s tn hao ph ca dy qun HA.
k =0,75: L h s che khut b mt lm lnh do cc chi tit cch
in.
=0,02 m: l chiu dy ca dy qun HA.
ak
+ Pha CA. q2=
107.2 .I f 2 .Wb .K f 2
k .(b ' + a k )
107.1,88.10 6.10,39.170.1,032
.10 10
=
0,75(0,00305 +0,077)
=610,75 (W/m2)
4.2 XC NH IN P NGN MCH.
Tr s Un l mt tham s rt quan trng nh hng ti nhng c tnh vn hnh
cng nh kt cu ca my.
Khi Un% b th dng in ngn mch In ln gy nn lc c hc trong MBA ln.
Khi Un% ln th in p ging U trong MBA tng ln nh hng n cc h
dng in.
S phn phi ti ngun cc MBA lm vic song song vi Un khc nhau s khng
hp l. Khng t l vi dung lng ca my m t l nghch vi in p ngn mch U n
%.
Ta bit in p ngn mch ton phn: Un=
2
2
U nr
+U nx
Trong cc tr s Unr v Unx l cc thnh phn tc dng v phn khng c in

p ngn mch. Ta s ln lt tnh cc tr s .
1. Thnh phn in p ngn mch tc dng.
Unr=
Pn
6184,5
=
=0,98 %.
10.S 10.630
2. Thnh phn in p ngn mch phn khng.

Unx=
7,9. f .S f . .a r .K r .10 1
U v2
d
Trong : = . 12 =3,14. 0,524 =1,816;
0,303
ar=a12 +
a1 + a 2
0,02 + 0,082
=0,027 +
=0,061 m.
3
3
Kr: Chn theo ti liu 1 trang 112: Kr: 0,93 ~ 0,98

Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
41
n my in
Uv=12,16 (V).
Thay s ta c: Unx=
7,9.50.210.1,816.0,98.0,061.10 1
=6,1 %.
12,16 2
3. in p ngn mch ton phn l:

Un=
2
2
U nr
+U nx
1,047 2 +6,12
=6,2 %.
Nh vy in p ngn mch nh hn tiu chun l:

| 6,2 6,5 |
6,5
.100=4,6%.
Vn t tiu chun sai lch trong khong 5%.

4.3 TNH DNG IN NGN MCH CC I.
1. Tr s hiu dng ca dng in ngn mch.
100
+ Pha HA: In1=Im. U
=909,33.
100
6,2
=14666,6 (A).
Dng in ngn mch pha bng dng in ngn mch pha: =In1.
100
+ Pha CA: In2=If2. U
=10,39.
100
6,2
=167,58 (A).
2. Tr s ngn mch cc i.
+ Pha HA.
imax1=(In1 + In1.
.U nx
Un
).
=(14666,6 + 14666,6. e
=3,14.6 ,1
6, 2
=21686 (A)
+Pha CA.
imax2=(In2 + In2.
.U nx
Un
).
=(167,58 + 167,58. e
=3,14.6 ,1
6, 2
).
= 247,78 (A).
4.4 TNH LC C GII LC NGN MCH.
Ta c t trng tn ngang B v t trng dc trc B nh hnh v
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
42
n my in
Fr
Fr
a1
B'
a 12 a 2
B
1. Lc hng knh.
Fk=0,628.(imax.W)2. .KR.10-6
+ Pha HA.
FK1=0,628.(imax1.W1)2. .KR.10-6
Trong : =1,816; W1=19 vng; imax1=21686 (A); KR=0,95.
Thay s ta c: FK1=0,628.(21686.19)2.1,816.0,95.10-6=183935,35 (N)
+ Pha CA.
FK2=0,628.(imax2.W2)2. .KR.10-6
Trong :
=1,816; W2=1662 vng; imax2=247,78 (A); KR=0,95
Thay s ta c:
FK2=0,628.(247,78.1662)2.1,816.0,95.10-6=183735,7 (N).
Lc ny c chiu xc nh bng quy tc bn tay tri, lc ny phn phi u trn
dy qun.
2. Lc FT l lc tc dng p ca 2 dy qun theo chiu trc FT ln nht gia 2
dy qun v hai u p li v c khuynh hng lm sp nhng vng dy ngoi cng
nu qun khng cht.
FT=FK.
aR
2l
(l1=l2)
+Pha HA.
0,061
FT= 183935,35. 2.0,524 =10706,16 (N)

+Pha CA.
0,061
FT=193735,7. 2.0,524 =11276,6 (N).

Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
43
n my in
Hng tc dng ca lc hng knh.
4.5 TNH NG SUT CA DY QUN.

1. ng sut lc cng trong dy qun CA.
Fnk=
Fk
2
k =
Fk 2
183735,7
= 2.3,14.5,515.1662 =3,19 MN/m2
2 .T .W2
Nh vy k =3,19 MN/m2 tha mn iu kin

k 30 MN/m2 i vi nhng my c cng sut nh hn 1600 KVA.
2. ng sut gia cc dy cun HA.
Fe
e =
[( D2' + D2" )]
.
.( a1 + a11 )
2
Thay s Fe=FT1=10706,16 (N); D1=0,2267 m; D1=0,2667 m;
a1-a11=0,02-0,005=0,015 m
Ta c:
10706,16
e =
0,2267 + 0,2667
=0,92 MN/m2
3,14.
.0,015
2
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
44
n my in
Ti s e =0,92 MN/m2 t tiu chun vi my c cng sut S 1600 KVA ( e

18 20 MN/m2)
CHNG V
TNH TON CUI CNG MCH T
Sau khi xc nh kch thc v trng lng ca dy qun sao cho in p ngn
mch (Un) v cc cng thc tn hao (Pn) t yu cu ta s tin hnh tnh ton cui cng
v mch t khng ti, tn hao khng ti v hiu sut ca MBA.
5.1. XC NH KCH THC C TH CA LI ST.
Ta chn kt cu ca li thp kiu ba pha ba tr, loi l thp s dng l loi tn
cn lnh, ct vt cc gc l thp.
Da vo ng knh d=0,2167 m. Tra bng 41b [ Ti liu 1]. Ta chn chiu dy,
chiu rng ca bc thang
Tit din trc c 7 bc v gng c 6 bc.
Tp
Tr
Gng
215 x 23
215 x 23
195 x 28
195 x 28
175 x 15
175 x 15
155 x12
155 x12
135 x 9
135 x 9
120 x 5
120 x 16
105 x 4
75 x 7
Hnh 2.7 Tit din ca tr v gng.

1. Din tch ca cc bc thang ca tit din tr. Tra bng ta c:
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
45
n my in
21,5.2,3+19,5.2,8+17,5.1,5+15,5.1,2+13,5.0,9+12,0.0,5+10,5.0,4+7,5.0,7=
176,5cm2
2. Tng chiu dy ca cc l thp ca tit din tr.
bt = 2,3+2,8+1,5+1,2+0,9+0,5+0,4+0,7+= 10,3 cm
3. Ton b tit din bc thang ca tr.

Tbt=2.176,5=353cm2.
4. Tit din hu hiu ca tr.
TT= K.Tbt
(Tra bng 10 trang 193 [Ti liu 1] chn K=0,97 i vi tn cn lnh 3404).
TT=0,97.353=342,4 (cm2)
5. Din tch bc thang ca na tit din gng. Chn gng 6 bc, 5 bc u trng
vi 5 bc ca tr. Cn bc ngoi cng tng ng vi 2 bc ngoi cng ca tr. Tra
bng ta c:
21,5.2,3+19,5.2,8+17,5.1,5+15,5.1,2+13,5.0,9+12,0.1,6=180,25 (cm2)
6. Ton b tit din bc thang ca gng.
TbG=2.180,25=360,5 (cm2)
7. Tit din hu hiu ca gng.
TG=0,97.360,5=349,7 (cm2)
8. Chiu rng ca gng ( c rnh lm lnh).
bG = bt + nr .br
=2.10,3 + 4.1=24,6 cm
Vi: +nr l s rnh lm lnh
+br l chiu rng ca rnh lm lnh.
9. Chiu di tr.
lT =l +l0 + l0
+ l0 l khong cch t dy qun n gng trn.

+ l0 l khong cch t dy qun n gng di.
+ l l chiu di ca cun dy.
V khng c vch st p dy qun nn: l0=l0=5 cm
Do : lT=52,4 + 5 + 5 =62,4 cm.
10. Khong cch tm trc ca 2 cnh bng nhau.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
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n my in
C=D2 + a22
=48,5 + 2 = 50,5 cm.
11. Trng lng gng (Trng lng st).
GG=2.(t-1).C.TG. .10-6
Trong : t=3; TG=349,7 (cm2); =7650 Kg/m3; C=50,5 (cm)
Thay s ta c:
GG=2.(3-1).50,5.349,7.7650.10-6=540,4 Kg.
12. Trng lng st mt mch t.
l phn chung nhau ca tr v gng gii hn bi 2 trc vung gc nhau.
Gg=2.K. ..10-6(a1T.a1G.b1T + a2T.a2G.b2 ++ anT.anG.bnT)
Trong : + a1T,a1G l chiu rng ca tng tp l thp tr v gng mi ni.
+ b1T, b2G l chiu dy ca cc tp l thp tr trong mt na tit din
gng.
Gg=2.0,97.7650. 10 6 .
(21,5.21,5.2,3+19,5.19,5.2,8+17,5.17,5.1,5+15,5.15,5.1,2+13,5.13,5.0,9+12,0.12,0.1,6
)=48,53 (Kg).
13.Trng lng st 4 mi ni gc l:
GG=4.
Gg
2
=2.48,53=97,06 (Kg)
14. Trng lng st ton phn ca gng l:

GG= GG + GG=540,4 + 97,06 =637,5 (Kg).
15. Trng lng st tr.
GT=t.TT.lT. .10-6
Trong : TT=342,4 (cm2)
l T=62,4 (cm)
t= 3 ( s tr dy qun)
Thay s ta c:
GT=3.342,4.62,4.7650.10-6=490,3 (Kg).
16. Trng lng st ca phn ni tr vi gng.
GT=t.(TT.a1G. .10-6 Gg)
Trong : t=3
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
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n my in
TT=342,4 (cm2)
a 1G=21,5 (cm).
Gg=48,53 (Kg)
Thay s ta c:
GT=3.(342,4.21,5.7650.10-6 48,53)=23,36 (Kg).
17. Trng lng st ton b ca tr.
GT=GT + GT=490,3 + 23,36 = 513,66 (Kg).
18. Trng lng st ton b st ton phn ca li thp.
GFe=GG + GT=637,5+ 513,66 =1151,16 (Kg).
5.2. TNH TN HAO KHNG TI.
1. Li thp lm bng tn cn lnh 3404 dy 0,35 mm.
- Do tr s t cm trong li st l:
B T=
U v .10 4
4,44. f .TT
Trong : Uv=12,077 (V).

TT=342,4 (cm2);
Tit din khe h khng kh: Tn=
.342,4=484,23 (cm2)
Thay s ta c:
12,077.10 4
BT= 4,44.50.342,4 =1,589 (T).

- T cm trong gng:
TT
342,4
BG=BT. T =1,589. 349,7 =1,55 (T).

G
- T cm mi ni nghing l:
Bn=
BT
2
1,589
2
=1,12 (T).
2. Sut tn hao trong tr v gng, mi ni nghing. Tra bng 45 [Ti liu 1] ta

c:
- Sut tn hao trong tr: pt=1,2708 (W/kg)
- Sut tn hao trong gng: pg=1,1875 (W/kg)
* Tng ng khe h khng kh l (Ta tra bng 45 [ti liu 1]) ta c:
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
48
n my in
p kt =975
p kg
(W/m2).
=920 (W/m2).
p kn =447
(W/m2).
Hnh dng tit din gng nh hng n s phn b t cm trong tr v gng cho
nn a thm h s tng cng gng kGP=1.
Mt khc do yu t cng ngh nh hng rt nhiu ti yu t khng ti. Bi vy,
phi k n mt h s nh sau:
- H s tn hao do tho lp trn lng dy qun vo tr lm cht lng l thp
tn hao tng ln. Thng Ktp=1,02 1,05, chn Ktp=1,02.
- H s tn hao do p tr Kep=1,02.
- H s tn hao do ct dp tn: Kcp=1.
- H s tn hao do mp ct hoc bavia: Kbp=1.
Chn Kgp=0,92.
* Tn hao khng ti:
P0=Kf.(PT.GT+PG.GG)
Vi Kf=Kgp.Kep.Kcp.Ktp.Kbp
=0,92.1,02.1.1,02.1=0,957.
P0 c tnh chnh xc nh sau:
P0=Kf.[Pt.GT+Pg(GG Kd.Gg) +
PT + PG
.Gg.Kgp.Pkn.4 2 .TT + Pkt.TT + Pkg.2TG]
2
Trong Kd l h s bit th gc ni: chn Kd=4

+ Pt=1,295 (W/m2)
+ TT=342,4 (cm2)=0,03424 m2
+ GT=513,66 (Kg)
+ Pkg=615 (W/m2)
+Pg=1,207 (W/m2)
+ TG=349,7 (cm2)=0,03497 m2
+GG=540,4 (Kg)
+ Kf=0,957
+Gg=48,53 (Kg)
+ Pkt=645 (W/m2)
+Kgp=0,92
+Pkn=265 (W/m2)
Thay s vo, ta c:
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
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n my in
P0=0,957.[(1,295.513,66 + 1,207.(540,4 4.48,53) +

.48,53.0,92.265.4
1,295 +1,207
2
.0,03424 + 645.0,03424 + 615.2.0,03497]
=1355 (W).
Ta thy P0< P0
Vy so lch P0 nh hn vi tiu chun l:
1400 1355
=3,2 %.
1400
P0 nh vy l tha mn.
3. Sut t ha trong tr v gng, mi ni nghing.( Tra bng 50 [ti liu 1])
- Sut t ha trong tr: qt=1,72 (VA/m2); qkt=22730 (VA/m2)
- Sut t ha trong gng: qg=1,5305 (VA/m2); qkg=20010 (VA/m2)
- qkn=2800 (VA/m2)
4. Cng sut t ha khng ti.
Q0=Kgi.KTi.Kei.[Kbi.Kci.(qT.Kci + qG.(GG Kd.Gg) +
qT + qG
.Gg.Kir.Kig) +
2
qK .nK.TK]
Trong :
- Kd=4
- Kir=1,32
- Kgi=1,0
- Ki0=42,4
- KG=1: H s tng cng sut t ha gng.
- Kti= 1,02: H s k n s tng cng sut khi tho lp.
- Kbi=1,1: H s k n vic ct gt bavia vi l thp .
- Kci=1: H s k n nh hng ca vic ct gt dp l thp c .
- Kei=1,04: H s nh hng ca vic p mch t.
Thay s vo cng thc trn ta c: Q0=11016,5 (VA).
5. Thnh phn phn khng ca dng in khng ti:
i 0x%=
Q0
11016,5
=
=1,75 %.
10.S 10.630
6. Thnh phn tc dng ca dng in khng ti.

Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
50
n my in
i 0r%=
P0
1355
=
=0,215 %.
10.S 10.630
7. Dng in khng ti ton phn.

i0 %= iox2 % + i02r % = 1,75 2 +0,215 2
=1,76%
8. Tr s dng in khng ti ca dy qun CA.

I0x=Im2.
I0r=Im2.
I0=Im2.
i0 x
1,75
=10,39.
=0,18 (A)
100
100
i0r
0,215
=10,39.
=0,02 (A)
100
100
i0
100
=10,39.
1,76
=0,183 (A)
100
5.3 HIU SUT CA MBA.

Hiu sut ca MBA lc ti nh mc l:
%= 1
P0 + Pn
.100
Pdm + P0 + Pn
Trong : P0=1355 (W)

Pn=6184,5 (W)
Pm=630.103 (W). (nh mc khi cos =1)
1355 + 6184,5
Vy: %= 1
.100=98,8 %
3
630.10 +1355 + 6184,5
Vy hiu sut ca my l 98,8 %.

5.4. CHI PH VT LIU TC DNG L.
1. Tng trng lng dy qun.
GCu=GCu1+GCu2=111,7 + 310,3=422 Kg.
2. Tng trng lng dy qun k c cch in.
Gdd=Gdd1+Gdd2=114,2 + 317,3=431,5 Kg.
3. Tng trng lng ton b li st l.
GFe=GG + GT=637,5+ 513,66 =1151,16 (Kg).
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
51
n my in
CHNG VI
TNH TON NHIT MY BIN P
6.1 I CNG.
Tnh ton nhit l tnh ton v nhit trng thi xc lp ngha l khi MBA lm
vic lin tc vi ti nh mc. trng thi xc lp ny ton b nhit lng do dy
qun v li st pht ra u khuch tn ra xung quanh.
ng khuch tn ca dy in c th phn ra lm cc loi sau.
a. T dy qun hay li st ra mt cun ngoi tip xc vi du bng truyn dn.
b. Qu t mt ngoi dy qun hay li st vo du.
c. T du mt ngoi dy qun hay li st truyn ti mt trong thng du i lu.
d. Qu t du vo trong vch thng.
e. Cui cng l nhit t vch thng truyn ra khng kh xung quanh bng bc x v
i lu.
Ni chung trong phn tnh ton nhit ca MBA gm cc phn sau:
+ Tnh nhit chnh qua tng phn gm:
Nhit chnh trong lng dy qun hay li st vi mt ngoi ca n.
Qua mi ln truyn nhit gim du ngha l n gy nn mt lng suy nhit
, kt qu l so vi mi trng khng kh xung quanh th cc b phn trong
MBA c nhit chnh no .
Tr s dng nhit cng lit cng ln th nhit chnh cng ln 0 .
Nhit chnh gia mt ngoi dy qun vi u 0 .
Nhit chnh gia u vi vnh thng dt .
Nhit vnh gia vch thng v khng kh tk .
+ Chn kch thc thng du bo m ta nhit tt, ngha l lm sao cho nhit dy
qun li st v du khng qu mc quy nh.
+ Kim tra nhit chnh ca dy qun, li st v du i vi khng kh.
Nh vy vic tnh ton nhit ca MBA kh phc tp, n nh hng rt nhi ti tui
th ca MBA v ch lm vic nh mc ca MBA. Vic tnh ton nhit ny cng
cn lin quan ti vic thit k thng du v cc b phn tn nhit khc.
6.2. TNH TON C TH V NHIT CA MBA.
I. Tnh ton nhit chnh qua tng phn.
1. Nhit chnh trong lng dy qun hay li st vi mt ngoi ca n.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
52
n my in
Gi 0 l nhit chnh.
q.
Ta c 0 = .
cd
Trong :
: l cch in 1 pha.
=0,25.10-3 (m).
cd: l sut dn nhit ca lp cch in ca dy qun, ta c cd =0,17
(W/m0C) tra bng 45 [ti liu 1]

q: mt dng nhit trn b mt dy qun. q1 =
- Dy qun HA: q1 =
107.1 .I f 1 .Wb .K f 1
k .(b ' + a k )
107.1 .I f 1 .Wb .K f 1
k .(b ' + a k )
107.3,45.10 6.909,33.0,5.1,0041
.10 10
0,75(0,008 +0,02)
=802,5 (W/m2)
- Dy qun CA: . . q2=
107.2 .I f 2 .Wb .K f 2
k .(b ' + a k )
107.1,88.10 6.10,39.170.1,032
.10 10
0,75(0,00305 +0,077 )
=610,75 (W/m2)
Nhit chnh pha HA: 01 =
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
q1 .1
cd
802,5.0,25.10 3
0,17
=1,180.
53
n my in
Nhit chnh pha CA: 02 =
q 2 .2
cd
610,75.0,25.10 3
0,17
=0,90C.
2. Nhit chnh gia mt ngoi dy qun vi u 0 d .

Hiu s ca nhit ny ph thuc vo tn hao ca dy qun v thng xc nh
theo cng thc kinh nghim gn ng. y dy qun dng dy ch nht c rnh u
ngang nn:
0 d =k1.k2.k3.0,35.q0,6
+ k1: H s k n tc chuyn ng ca du trong dy qun ph thuc vo h

thng lm lnh. Du lm lnh t nhin nn k1=1.
+ k2: H s chiu c n trng hp do dy qun HA trong nn du i lu kh
khn lm dy qun HA nng hn, do :
k2=1,1 : i vi dy qun CA nm ngoi, HA nm trong.
+ k3: H s chiu c n s i lu kh khn ca du do b rng (hay lm chiu
cao) tng i ca rnh du ngang. a: chiu dy ca dy qun, tc chiu su ca rnh.
T chn k3=0,85
Tnh cho pha HA.

0 d 1 =1.1,1.0,85.0,35.(802,50,6)=23,00C.
Tnh cho pha CA:
0d 2 =1.1.0,95.0,35.(610,750,6)=15,60C.
3. Nhit chnh trung bnh ca dy qun hay li st vi mt ngoi ca n

thng bng khong 2/3 nhit chnh lch ton phn.
2
3
Do ta c: 0 tb = 0
2
3
Ta chn cao nht trong HA hay CA: 0 tb = .1,180=0,790C.

4. Nhit chnh trung bnh ca dy qun i vi du.
0 d tb = 0 tb +0 d
Trong : 0 d tb=0,790C.
0 d = 0d 2 =15,60C.
Thay s ta c: 0 d tb =0,79 + 15,6=16,40C.

5. Nhit chnh gia du v rnh thng 0 d dt
Cch tnh nhit chnh ny cng tng t nh 0 d ngha l cng ph thuc
mt dng nhit i qua mt cch thng nh cng thc mc 2 chng 6 nhng
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
54
n my in
thng th nhit chnh ny khng vt qu 5 60C, do s b c th ly 0 d dt

=50C.
6. Nhit chnh gia vch thng v khng kh tk
Nhit t vch thng truyn ra khng kh xung quanh theo 2 ng, mt b
phn truyn ra theo phng php i lu, mt b phn truyn ra theo phng php
bc x.
Vic tnh ton nhit cho na vch thng v khng kh tk lin quan n vic
tnh ton mt bc x v i lu ca thng, ti y ta tnh ton thng v th cn c vo
nhit o cho php gia dy qun v khng kh tk .
Cui cng s tm c nhit chnh gia thng v khng kh. Tr s tk phi
c kim tra xem li c t c nhit chnh cho php khng. Nu t ta chn s
b tk =400C.
II. Tnh ton nhit ca thng du.
Nh ta bit, thng du ng thi l v my ca MBA, trn c t cc chi
tit my rt quan trng nh s ra ca dy qun CA v HA, ng phng n, bnh gin
duV vy thng du ngoi yu cu m bo tn nhit tt cn phi m bo cc tnh
nng v in ( nh m bo khong cch cho php gia dy qun vi thng), c
bn c hc m bo, ch to n gin v c kh nng rt gn c kch thc bn
ngoi. Vic tnh ton y l cn c yu cu tn nhit, sau kim tra li xem v yu
cu cn tn nhit.
1. Chn loi thng du cho MBA S=630 KVA. Ta chn loi thng c nhng
cnh tn nhit bng tn b tr vung gc vi v thng.
2. Chn kch thc ti thiu bn trong ca thng.
a. y l MBA ba pha cp in p 35/0,4 KV.
Nn chiu rng ca thng l: B=D + S1 + S2 + d1 + S3 + S4 + d2.
Trong :
+D2=48,5 (cm) ng knh ngoi ca dy qun CA.
+ S1=4 (cm): l khong cch n vch thng cho dy dn ra CA c Uth2=85
kV. Bc cch in 4 mm ( theo bng 31 [ti liu 1]).
+ S2=4,2 (cm): l khong cch n x p gng cho dy dn ra CA c in p
th Uth2=85 kV, bc cch in 4 mm ( theo bng 31[ti liu 1]).
+ S3=2,5 (cm) l khong cch n vch thng cho dy dn ra HA khng bc
cch in ( theo bng 31 [ ti liu 1])
+ S4=9 (cm) l khong cch n dy qun CA c Uth2=85 kV cho dy dn ra
HA c Uth1=5 kV, khng c bc cch in ( theo bng 32 [ ti liu 1]).
+ d1=2,5 (cm): l ng knh dy dn ra c bc cch in ca dy qun CA.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
55
n my in
+ d2=1 (cm): l ng knh dy dn ra c bc cch in ca dy qun HA.

Nh vy: B=48,5 + 4 +4,2 + 2,5 + 2,5 + 9 +1=71,7 (cm).
b. Chiu di ti thiu ca thng.
A=2.C + D2 + 2.S5
Trong : S5: l khong cch gia dy qun CA v HA.
S5=S3 + d2 + S4=2,5 + 1 +9=12,5 (cm).
C=50,5 (cm)
D2=48,5 (cm)
Thay s vo ta c:A=2.50,5 + 48,5 +2.12,5=174,5 (cm).
c. Chiu cao ca thng.
H=H1 + H2
+ H1: L chiu di t thng n ht chiu cao li st, H1=LT + 2.hG +n
LT=62,4 (cm)
n= 5 (cm) chiu dy tm lt di gng di
hG=
TG
bG nr .br
TG=349,7 (cm2); bG=24,6 (cm); bG nr.br=24,6 4.1=20,6 (cm)

hG
349,7
20,6
=16,98 (cm).
Vy H1=62,4 + 2.16,98 + 5=101,36 (cm).

+ H2: l khong cch ti thiu t gng n np thng( tra bng 58 [ti
liu 1] ta c H2=400 mm. Chn.
H2=40.2=80 (cm).
+ H=H1 + H2=101,36 + 80 =181,36 (cm).
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
56
n my in

A
S2
H2
d1
S1
D2
2
S5
hg
Lt
d2
S4
D''2
H1
S3
hg
n
S1
Dy dn ra CA
S3
Dy dn ra HA
d2
S4
S2
3. S b tnh tit din b mt bc x v i lu ca thng.

a, Din tch b m bc x
i vi thng c y van.
Mbx=Mfov.k.10-4
Trong :
+ Mfov=[2.(A B) + B ].H l din tch thng phng y van
+ Mfov=[2.(174,5 71,7) + 3,14.71,7].181,36 = 78118,6 =7,8 m2.
Ta chn K=1,2: h s nh hng hnh y mt ngoi thng.
Vy Mbx=78118,6.1,2.10-4=9,37 m2.
b, B mt i lu ca thng, cn c vo tng tn hao, vo nhit chnh gia
vch thng v mi trng xung quanh ta xc nh b mt i theo cng sau:
Mdl=
1,05. p
1,12.M bx (m2)
2,5.td
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
57
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Trong :
p =p0 + pn=1355 + 6184,5 =7539,5 (W)
tk : l nhit chnh ca thng du so vi khng kh xung quanh. Ta cn c
vo nhng iu kin sau chn cho tha ng.

Ta bit nhit chnh lu di cho php ca dy qun so vi mi trng xung
quanh khi ti nh mc l 600C do chnh trung bnh ca du i vi khng kh
khng c qu:
dk = 600 - 0 dtb
=60 16,4 = 43,60C.

Do chnh ca thng i vi khng kh c tnh nh sau:
tk = dk - dt =43,6 5 2 = 36,60C.( d phng 20C)
Ta kim tra iu kin:
.(dl +tk ) 500C.
.dk 500C vi
=1,2
1,2.36,6=43,920C < 500C

Nh vy s b ta tnh c tk =36,60C.
Thay s vo cng thc trn ta c: Ml=
1,05.7539,5
2,5.36,6
- 1,12.9,37=76,02 m2.
y l tnh ton b b mt i lu.

+ B mt i lu ca np thng:
Mn.dl=0,5.[(A B).(B + 0,16) + .
( B + 0,16) 2 ]
4
=0,5.[(1,745 0,717).(0,717 + 0,16) + 3,14.
( 0,717 + 0,16 ) 2 =0,59 m2.

4
Trong : 0,16 l b rng hai bn ca vnh np.

0,5 l h s k n s che khut b mt thng.
+ B mt i lu ca cc b phn tn nhit:
bdl
=Mdl - Mfov Mndl=76,02 7,8 0,59 = 67,63 m2.
4. Thit k thng du.

Cn c vo b mt bc x v i lu ca thng du va tnh s b trn thit
k s b thng du v kch thc thng du, hnh dng thng. Sau vi thng du
thit k c th tnh ton li b mt bc x i lu ca n kim tra li MBA c t
tiu chun nhit chnh cho php hay khng, nu khng th ta s phi iu chnh li
b mt tn nhit cho ph hp.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
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Vi my cng sut S= 630 KVA nh ti thit k th em chn cnh tn nhit l

nhng l tn b tr st nhau vung gc vi v thng, s d ta chn cnh tn nhit kiu
ny l v mc ch d ch to, b tr trn v thng thun tin, tn nhit tt vi nhng
my cng sut va v nh.
5. Chn cnh tn nhit.
m rng c b mt lm lnh cn thit hp l nht l chn b tn nhit kiu
ng thng c khong cch hai ng gp A= 2200 mm c b mt i lu ca ng Mdl=
6,893 m2 v mt ng c b mt i lu Mgdl =0,34 m2.
B mt i lu ca mn b tn nhit quy v b mt thng phng:
Mb.dl = M dl.khd + Mg.dl=6,893.1,26 + 0,34 = 9,025 m2.
+ S b tn nhit:
n b=
M b.dl 67,63
= 9,025 =7,5 ly 8 b b tr.
M b.dl
S b tr cnh tn nhit ca v MBA.

- V b mt i lu thc ca thng l:
Mdl= M b.dl + M fov + M n.dl =8.9,025 + 7,8 + 0,59 = 80,59 m2.
- Ta c th chn din tch b mt bc x ca thng l: Mbx= 5,16 m2
Nhit chnh trung bnh ca mt ngoi ca ng i vi khng kh:
1,05.( Pn + P0 )
tk =
2,8.M bx + 2,5.M dl
0,8
0 ,8
1,05.(1355 + 6184,5)
0
=
=17,84 C.
2
,
8
.
5
,
16
+
2
,
5
.
80
,
59
Nhit chnh trung bnh ca du st vch thng i vi vch thng vi 8

b tn nhit mi b c Mb=M dl=6,893 m2.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
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1,05.( Pn + P0 )
tk =0,165.
M b + M f .dl + 0,5.M ndl
0, 6
1,05.(1355 + 6184,5)
0,6
=0,165.
8.6,893 + 7,8 + 0,5.0,59
= 2,990C.
Nhit chnh trung bnh ca du i vi mi trng xung quanh:
d' .k = d .t +tk =17,84 + 2,99=20,830C.
Nhit chnh ca lp du trn di vi mi trng xung quanh:

dk =1,2.d' .k =1,2.20,83= 24,9960C < 600C.
Nhit chnh ca dy qun i vi mi trng:

Dy qun HA: 0.k1 = 01 + 0.d 1 + d' .k =1,18 +23 +20,83=45 0C < 600C.
Dy qun CA: 0.k 2 = 02 + 0.d 2 + d' .k =0,9 + 15,6 + 20,83=37,330C < 60 0C.
Nh vy nhit chnh ca lp u trn d .k < 50 0C.
III. Xc nh s b trng lng rut, v:
Vic xc nh tnh ton chnh xc trng lng rut my, v my ca MBA ch c
th tin hnh c sau khi hon thin thit k y cc chi tit ca MBA. Nhng
vi nhng tnh ton trn c th xc nh s b c trng lng ca my, rt cn
cho vic tnh ton kinh t, khi cn phi nh gi cc phng n thit k.
1. Trng lng rut my.( phn tc dng) Tc l ton b li st c cc dy qun
v dy dn ra tr np my.
C th xc nh gn ng nh sau:
Gr=1,2.(Gdq + GFe + Gdr )
Trong :
H s 1,2 l h s k n trng lng ca rut my c tng thm do
cch in.
Gdq=431,5 (kg): l trng lng dy qun.
GFe= 1151,16 (kg): l trng lng li st.
Gdr =9,2 + 0,193 =9,393 (kg): l tng trng lng dy dn ra
HA v CA.
Thay s ta c: Gr=1,2.(413,5 + 1151,16 + 9,393)=1888,86 (Kg).
2. Trng lng du.
- Th tch du trong thng: Vd=Vt Vr (dm3)
Trong :
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
60
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Vt: Th tch bn trong thng du phng, s b ta tnh

Vt=A.B.H = (174,5.71,7.181,36).10-3 = 2269 (dm3).
Vr: Th tch rut my.
V r=
Vy Vr=
Gr
1888,86
5,5
( vi rCu =5,5 6 Kg/dm3, chn rCu =5,5 Kg/dm3).

=343,43 (dm3).
Do : Vd=2269 343,43 = 1925,6 (dm3)

Trng lng thng du.
+ Th tch trong thung ( Khng tnh b dy).
Vtt=Vt=2269 (dm3)
+Th tch ngoi thng ( K n b dy)
Vnt=An.Bn.Hn
Trong :
An=A + 2 =174,5 +2 = 176,5 (cm2)
Bn=B + 2 = 71,7 + 2 = 73,7 (cm2)
Hn=H + 2 = 181,36 + 2 = 183,36 (cm2)
Thay s ta c Vnt=(176,5.73,7.183,36).10-3 = 2385 (dm3)
Vy th tch c thm phn b dy l:
Vth=Vvt Vtt=2385 2269 =116 (dm3).
Trng lng thng l Gth=Vth.
Trong : = 7,85 (Kg/dm3).
Thay s ta c: Gth=116.7,85=910,6 (Kg)
3. Trng lng du.
Gd=1,05.[0,9(Vt Vr)]
Trong : Vt: Th tch bn trong thng du phng.
Vr: Th tch rut my. Vr=343,43 (Kg)
Thay s ta c: Gd=1,05.[0,9.(2269 343,43)] = 1819 (Kg).
4. Trng lng rut my.
Gt=1,2.(Gdd + GFe)= 1,2.( 431,5 + 1151,16) = 1899 (Kg).
5. S b trng lng ca MBA cha k np my:
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
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Gm=Gdd + GFe + Gth + Gd=431,5 + 1151,16 + 910,6 + 1819 = 4312,26 (Kg).

6. Bnh gin du:
Quy nh tt c MBA c dung lng trn 100 KVA, in p trn 6 kV iu phi
c bnh dn gin du. Th tch bnh dn du phi m bo sao cho khi nhit ca
khng khi xung quanh dao ng trong phm vi -10 n 400C, v nhit chnh ca
lp du trn t 0 n 600C th du c gin n trong phm vi bnh gin du. Thng
th tch bnh gin du bng 7 10 % th tch du trong thng, do :
Vgd=0,1.Vd = 0,1.1925,6 = 192,56 (dm3).
Bnh gin du thng l bng thp n hi, chiu dy 1 3 mm v c t
ngang trn np thng. Chiu di bnh gin du sao cho khng vt qu c MBA ngha
l:
l
gd
B + 2.an.10-3= 0,717 + 2.680.10-3=2,077 m
Ta chn lgd=2 m dgd=
4.B gd
.l gd
4.192,56
3,14.2
= 11,1 dm= 1,11 m.
Vi Bgd l th tch ca thng.
CHNG VII
KT CU MY BIN P
I- KT CU V.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
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V MBA l b phn bo v cc chi tit my bn trong nh rut my ( li st v

dy qun) ng thi cng l thng cha du ca my.
V thng MBA ng thi cng l ni m trn lp np my, my v h
thng cc khi cch tn nhit.
Pha trn ca v thng bn thnh ta c hn 4 gc, 4 mc cu, gip cho vic nng
h, lp ghp my c d dng v thun li.
II- KT CU RUT MY.
Rut my l b phn gm 2 khi ring r ghp li l: li st v dy qun.
Dy qun ta b tr cun h p t trong cun CA t ngoi, gia cc cun dy ta
lt cch in bng ng cch in v thanh nm, a u dy ra ca mi cun pha
trn cun dy.
Li st l loi ba pha ba tr, tr trn c 7 bc cn gng c 6 bc.
Tin hnh lp ghp cun dy vo tr. u tin ta phi d cc l thp ca gng
trn ra ri lt cch in ng st tr v cc thanh nm bng g ri lng cun dy vo.
Sau ai no li cho cun dy m cht vo tr v m bo cun dy chc chn khi
vn hnh.
Cc tr cn li ta lm tng t.
Ch a u dy ra ca mi cun dy trn mi tr sao cho hp l v gn nht.
Sau khi lng dy vo tr xong ta lp ghp pha gng trn vo nh hnh c, ta
dng cc bulong gi c nh gng bm chc vo tr v cc bulong bt ngang pha
gng trn v di. Vic p gng nh vy l rt quan trng, trnh nhng ting pht
ra khi my hot ng nu my MBA m gng tr p khng c cht.
IV- LP RUT VO V.
Rut my c lp hon chnh ta tin hnh bt rut my vi y ca v ( y
thng my ) bng nhng bulong.
Rut my phi c bt cht vo y thng trnh nhng s c c th xy ra
khi vn chuyn hay vn hnh my.
V- B TR CC CHI TIT TRN NP MY.
Np my l ni b tr cc u dy ra v vo ca MBA, qua cc im u.
Trn np my c b tr 3 qu s cao cp, mi qu s scos 4 tng.
Trn np my b tr ng du b sung vo my v ng phng n, ng phng n
ming hng theo phng thng ng.
Ta cn b tr 2 mc nng h 2 bn np my mt trn c th nng h np
my khi tin hnh bo tr bo dng my.
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
63
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VI- KT CU MY HON CHNH.

Sau khi tin hnh cc bc lp ghp my nh vy ta c mt MBA hon chnh.
Khi MBA c lp ghp hon chnh cc b phn xong ta tin hnh ht chn khng
trong rut my v tin hnh bm du vo trong ng van t pha di cnh bn ca
y my.
my c b tr 4 ch ch bt bulong c nh my vo ni cn t my
vn hnh s dng.
KT LUN
Thit k MBA l mt ngnh c qu trnh tn ti v pht trin lu, t khi xut
hin ngnh ch to MBA ti nay c bit bao s ci tin k thut nng cao hiu
qu s dng my v h gi thnh s dng.
Bi vit ny ca em c lm bng nhng kin thc l thuyt l ch yu v c
th cn thiu i nhiu tnh thc t trong qu trnh vn hnh v s dng.
Em rt mong cc thy c xem xt v c nhng kin ng gp b ch cho em
gip cho em cng c l thuyt hon thnh tt nhng ti tip theo c tt nht.
Mt ln na em xin chn thnh cm n thy hng dn : Phm Vn tun, tn
tnh gip em hon thnh ti ny.
Sinh vin thc hin:
Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4
64

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n my in

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

PHN I: TNG QUAN V MY BIN P

Hnh 1.1 S mng truyn ti in n gin.

Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

Nc ta hin nay ngnh ch to MBA tht s c mt ch ng trong vic p

Hnh 1.2 K hiu MBA.

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

in p th cp nh mc k hiu U2m, l in p gia cc cc ca dy qun

1.4 . CNG DNG CA MBA.

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

Hnh 1.3: Kt cu mch t kiu tr

Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

c. Li st kiu tr - bc: (Hnh 1.5) l kiu li st c s lin h gia kiu tr v kiu

Hnh 1.5 Mch t kiu tr - bc.

Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

gim bt tn hao do tnh dn t khng ng hng khi ghp cc l thp ta c

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

1.5.2. Dy qun my bin p

Hnh 1.7 Dy qun ng tm .

Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

xen k c nhiu rnh du ngang nn tn nhit tt nhng v mt c th km vng chc

Hnh 1.7 Dy qun xen k.

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

Hnh 1.9 Thng du kiu ng.

Hnh 1.10 Thng du c b tn nhit

nhng MBA c dung lng n 10.000KVA. Ta dng nhng b tn nhit c

Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

Hnh 1.11 Nguyn l lm vic ca MBA.

Do theo nh lut cm ng in t, sc in ng cm ng trong cc dy qun

L gi tr hiu dng ca cc sc in ng ca cun s cp v th cp. Da vo

Nu khng k in in p ri trn cc dy qun th c th coi U1 E1, U2 E2 do

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

1.7. TIU CHUN HA TRONG VIC CH TO MBA IN LC

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

Xc nh ng knh tr, chiu cao dy qun, tnh ton s b li st.

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

1.9 THUT TON THIT K.

Tnh ton kch thc ch

Tnh ton dy qun

Tnh ton tham s khng ti

Tnh ton cui cng mch t

Tnh ton nhit my bin p

PHN II: THIT K

Thit k my bin p in lc 3 pha ngm du

Dung lng S=630 KVA.

in p bn cao p UCA=35 KV. Phm vi iu chnh: 2x2,5%.

Tn hao khng ti: P0=1400 W.

Tn hao ngn mch: Pn=6500 W.

in p ngn mch: un%=6,5%.

Dng in khng ti: i0=1%.

My bin p ngoi tri v lm vic lin tc.

Thay s: S=630 KVA.

Dung lng trong mi tr.

Pha cao p (CA)

Thay s U2dm=35 KV l in p pha cao p.

Phm Vn Nam H IN BK4