2

:

:
, ;
, ;
, ;

:
)
)

2 -

r1 x1 , y1 , z1,

r2 x2 , y2 , z3 ,
3n

rn xn , yn , zn ,
p 3n,
p -

2 -

p 3n k 3n (ku ks ),-
k (ku ks ),-

.

.
,
, .

2 -

f ( ri ) f ( ri ,t ) ,- (),
f ( ri ,vk ) f ( ri ,vk ,t ) ,- (),

f (...,t ) ,- (),
f (...) ,- (),

2 -

M i M j M i M j rj ri , i, j 1,2,...n.


.

2 -

)
n

r1 , r2 , r3 , ... , rn p 3n.

1, 2 3
, 3

M1M 2 M1M 2 r2 r1 ( x2 x1 ) 2 ( y2 y1 ) 2 ( z2 z1 ) 2 const ,

M 2 M 3 M 2 M 3 r3 r2 ( x3 x2 ) 2 ( y3 y2 ) 2 ( z3 z2 ) 2 const ,

M 3 M1 M 3 M1 r1 r3 ( x1 x3 ) 2 ( y1 y3 ) 2 ( z1 z3 ) 2 const ,
2 -

(n-3)
,
1, 2 3
.

M 1M k M 1M k rk r1 const ,

M 2 M k M 2 M k rk r2 const ,

M 3 M k M 3 M k rk r3 const ,

ku 3(n 3) 3 3n 6,

p 3n ku 3n (3n 6) 6,
2 -

p 3 3 3 6,

,
,
6 ,
6 .
2 -

p 3n k s ku 6 k s 6 3 3,

2 -

10

r1 0, k s 3,
p 3n k s ku 6 k s 6 3 3,

2 -

11

r1 const , r2 const , k s 6 1 5,

M 1M 2 const ,

p 3n ks ku 6 k s 6 5 1,

2 -

12

r1 p 3,

rn rA
AB

drB d drA d
VB
(rA )

dt dt
dt dt

2 -

13

AB const.

drB
dt

drA

d
0
dt

dt

V B V A

dV B
dt

dV A
dt

aB a A

2 -

14