FNI 428 KOMPUTASI NUMERIK (d/h FISI

KOMPETENSI
Agar mahasiswa dapat menguasai perhitungan numerik berbasis komputer untuk mengatasi ke
NO.

MATERI POKOK

PENGANTAR MS EXEL UNTUK PERHITUNGAN NUMERIK

Operasi Dasar
Penggunaan Fungsi
Menyisipkan Fungsi
Mixed Numeric and Text Value
Fungsi Trigonometri
Fungsi Eksponensial
Fungsi Pembulatan
Fungsi Array
Fungsi Matematika Lain
Tugas
Kegunaan 10 fungsi dan contohnya
Fungsi Keputusan
Fungsi IF logika AND, OR, NOT
Fungsi Pencarian Tabel (Look Up)

II

TEORI RALAT
Angka penting
Kesalahan Iterasi
Deret Tylor & Mc. Laurint
PENYELESAIAN PERSAMAAN NON LINEAR
Metoda Tertutup (bagi dua Bolzano, regula falsa)
Metoda Terbuka (Newton Raphson, Secan, Iterasi satu titik)
SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR
Jacobi
Gauss Naif
Gauss Jordan
Gauss Seidel
PENCOCOKAN KURVA
Regresi Linear
Linierisasi Fungsi
Regresi Orde Tinggi
Regresi Ganda

III

IV

VI

INTERPOLASI

Interpolasi diferensiasi terbagi Newton (linear, orde tinggi)

Interpolasi Lagrange
VII INTEGRASI
Trapesium Tunggal
Trapesium Bersegmen
Simpson 1/3
Simpson 1/3 Bersegmen
Simpson 3/8
VIII DIFERENSIASI
Euler
Heun
Poligon yang Diperbaiki
Raltson
Runge Kutta (Orde Satu, Dua, Tiga, Empat, dst)

1
2
3
4

RUJUKAN
Chapra, Steven C dan Raymond P Canale, 1999, Metode Numerik untuk Teknik dan Sain, Pren
Nasution, Amrinsyah dan Hasballah Zakaria, 2001, Metode Numerik dalam Rekaya Sipil, Pene
Wong, SM Samuel, 1997, Computational Methods in Physics and Engineering 2nd Edition, Wor
Liengme, B.V., 2003, Microsoft Exel 2002 for Scientists and Engineers, Elsevier Butterworth-H

MPUTASI NUMERIK (d/h FISIKA KOMPUTASI)

basis komputer untuk mengatasi kesulitan perhitungan analitis

RUJUKAN
2
R4 h18-41
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4

h60
h63
h64
h67
h67
h69
h70

R4 h73
R4 h82

1
diktat fiskom h1
1

PERTEMUAN
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14

2
R4 h221
R4 h225
R4 h222
3
R4 h242

R4 h244

umerik untuk Teknik dan Sain, Prentice Hall, New Jersey

Numerik dalam Rekaya Sipil, Penerbit ITB, Bandung
s and Engineering 2nd Edition, World Scientific Publishing, New York
Engineers, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann: AMSTERDAM

15 16
Tes
13

16

FNI 428 KO

KOMPETENSI
Agar mahasiswa dapat menguasai perhitungan numerik berbasis komputer untuk mengatasi kesulitan
NO.

MATERI POKOK

RUJUKAN

I
II

PENGANTAR KOMPUTASI NUMERIK

METODE NUMERIK
Model Matematika
Pendekatan dan Kesalahan
III AKAR-AKAR PERSAMAAN
Metode Akolade
Metode Terbuka
Studi Kasus Fisika: AKAR-AKAR PERSAMAAN
IV SISTEM PERSAMAAN ALJABAR LINEAR
Eliminasi Gauss
Gauss-Jordan, Matriks Inversi dan Gauss-Seidel
Studi Kasus Fisika: SISTEM PERSAMAAN ALJABAR LINEAR
V PENCOCOKAN KURVA
Regresi Kuadrat Terkecil
Interpolasi
Studi Kasus Fisika: PENCOCOKAN KURVA
VI INTEGRASI
Formulasi Integrasi Newton-Cotes
Integrasi Romberg dan Kuadratur Gauss
Studi Kasus Fisika: INTEGRASI
VII PERSAMAAN DIFERENSIAL BIASA
Metode Satu Langkah
Metode Langkah Ganda
Studi Kasus Fisika: PERSAMAAN DIFERENSIAL BIASA
VIII PROYEK
IX
1
2
3
4

R1 h11
R1 h71
R1 h135
R1 h165
R1 h191
R1 h249
R1 h291
R1 h313
R1 h359
R1 h393
R1 h435
R1 h481
R1 h521
R1 h545
R1 h591
R1 h643
R1 h677

RUJUKAN
Chapra, S.C. dan Canale, R.P., 1991, Metode Numerik untuk Teknik, Jakarta: Penerbit Universita
Nasution, A. dan Zakaria, H., 2001, Metode Numerik dalam Ilmu Rekayasa Sipil, Bandung: Pene
Wong, SM Samuel, 1997, Computational Methods in Physics and Engineering 2nd Edition, World
Liengme, B.V., 2003, Microsoft Exel 2002 for Scientists and Engineers, Amsterdam: Elsevier But

FNI 428 KOMPUTASI NUMERIK (d/h FISIKA KOMPUTASI)

mengatasi kesulitan perhitungan analitis

PERTEMUAN
1
16-Jan

2
23-Jan

3
30-Jan

4
6-Feb

5
13-Feb

: Penerbit Universitas Indonesia (UI-Press)

Sipil, Bandung: Penerbit ITB Bandung
g 2nd Edition, World Scientific Publishing, New York
terdam: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann

6
20-Feb

7
27-Feb

8
5-Mar

9
12-Mar

P1

P2

P3

PERTEMUAN
10
11
19-Mar 26-Mar

12
2-Apr

13
9-Apr

14
16-Apr

15
23-Apr

16
Pekan Sunyi
30-Apr
7-11 Mei

P4

P5
P6

Pekan Final
14-May

Sorang penerjun payung dengan massa m=68100 gr

dari keadaan diam, v(0)=0, meloncat dari sebuah
pesawat terbang. Selain gaya gravitasi (Fg=w=mg),
pada penerjun bekerja gaya gesek udara yang
berbanding linear dengan kelajuan jatuhnya, yaitu
Fu=-cv dengan c=12500 gr/s. (a) Carilah persamaan
kelajuan penerjun ini sebelum ia membuka
parasutnya. (b) Buatlah kurva kelajuan sebagai fungsi
waktu bagi penerjun ini berdasarkan jawaban (a).
Berdasarkan jawaban (b), ceritakan apa yang dialami
penerjun semenjak dia meloncat dari pesawat.
(Gunakan hukum Newton II, g=980 cm/s)
v(t ) =

g
m
c
t

c
t
gm
m
1

980
68100
12500
v(t)

0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40

1,640.5
2,776.9
3,564.2
4,109.5
4,487.3
4,749.0
4,930.3
5,055.9
5,142.9
5,203.2
5,244.9
5,273.8
5,293.9
5,307.7
5,317.4
5,324.0
5,328.6
5,331.8
5,334.0
5,335.6

v (ti +1 ) = v(ti ) + g v(ti ) ( ti +1 ti )

m

ti
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

6000

v(ti)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28

0
1,960.0
3,200.5
3,985.6
4,482.4
4,796.9
4,995.9
5,121.9
5,201.6
5,252.1
5,284.0
5,304.2
5,317.0
5,325.1
5,330.2

5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
0

v
0

42
44
46
48
50
52

5,336.6
5,337.4
5,337.9
5,338.2
5,338.5
5,338.7

2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1,640.5
2,776.9
3,564.2
4,109.5
4,487.3
4,749.0
4,930.3
5,055.9
5,142.9
5,203.2
5,244.9
5,273.8
5,293.9
5,307.7
5,317.4
5,324.0
5,328.6
5,331.8

1960
###
###
###
###
###
###
###
###
###
###
###
###
###
0
0
0
0

6000
5000
4000
Column B
Column C
Column F

3000
2000
1000
0
0

6,000.0
5,000.0
4,000.0

10

12

14

16

18

6,000.0
5,000.0
4,000.0
Column G
Column H

3,000.0
2,000.0
1,000.0
0

10

15

20

25

30

f ( x) = e x
2.718281828

xi = 3
x

f(x)

0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8

n=1
1 -40.17107
1.1051709181 -38.16252
1.2214027582 -36.15397
1.3498588076 -34.14541
1.4918246976 -32.13686
1.6487212707 -30.12831
1.8221188004 -28.11975
2.0137527075 -26.1112
2.2255409285 -24.10264
2.4596031112 -22.09409
2.7182818285 -20.08554
3.0041660239 -18.07698
3.3201169227 -16.06843
3.6692966676 -14.05988
4.0551999668 -12.05132
4.4816890703 -10.04277
4.9530324244 -8.034215
5.4739473917 -6.025661
6.0496474644 -4.017107
6.6858944423 -2.008554
7.3890560989
0
8.1661699126 2.008554
9.0250134994 4.017107
9.9741824548 6.025661
11.0231763806 8.034215
12.1824939607 10.04277
13.463738035 12.05132
14.8797317249 14.05988
16.4446467711 16.06843

n=2
n=3
50.21384 -40.17107
46.29716 -35.3472
42.58134 -30.90495
39.06637 -26.82423
35.75226 -23.08498
32.639 -19.66709
29.72659 -16.55048
27.01505 -13.71507
24.50436 -11.14078
22.19452 -8.807508
20.08554 -6.695179
18.17741 -4.783705
16.47014 -3.053002
14.96373 -1.482982
13.65817 -0.053561
12.55346 1.255346
11.64961 2.463826
10.94662 3.591964
10.44448 4.659845
10.1432 5.687555
10.04277 6.695179
10.1432 7.702803
10.44448 8.730513
10.94662 9.798394
11.64961 10.92653
12.55346 12.13501
13.65817 13.44392
14.96373 14.87334
16.47014 16.44336

2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6
6.1
6.2

18.1741453694
20.0855369232
22.1979512814
24.5325301971
27.1126389207
29.9641000474
33.1154519587
36.5982344437
40.4473043601
44.7011844933
49.4024491055
54.5981500331
60.3402875974
66.6863310409
73.6997936996
81.450868665
90.0171313005
99.4843156419
109.9471724521
121.5104175187
134.2897796849
148.4131591026
164.0219072999
181.2722418752
200.3368099748
221.4064162042
244.6919322642
270.4264074262
298.8674009671
330.2995599096
365.0374678653
403.4287934927
445.8577700825
492.7490410933

18.07698
20.08554
22.09409
24.10264
26.1112
28.11975
30.12831
32.13686
34.14541
36.15397
38.16252
40.17107
42.17963
44.18818
46.19673
48.20529
50.21384
52.2224
54.23095
56.2395
58.24806
60.25661
62.26516
64.27372
66.28227
68.29083
70.29938
72.30793
74.31649
76.32504
78.33359
80.34215
82.3507
84.35926

18.17741
20.08554
22.19452
24.50436
27.01505
29.72659
32.639
35.75226
39.06637
42.58134
46.29716
50.21384
54.33138
58.64977
63.16901
67.88911
72.81007
77.93188
83.25455
88.77807
94.50245
100.4277
106.5538
112.8807
119.4085
126.1372
133.0667
140.197
147.5283
155.0603
162.7933
170.7271
178.8617
187.1972

18.17406
20.08554
22.19787
24.53114
27.10543
29.94084
33.05745
36.47534
40.21459
44.2953
48.73756
53.56143
58.78702
64.4344
70.52367
77.0749
84.10819
91.64361
99.70126
108.3012
117.4636
127.2084
137.5558
148.5259
160.1386
172.4142
185.3728
199.0343
213.4189
228.5466
244.4376
261.112
278.5897
296.891

140

n=4
27.61761
23.84496
20.53545
17.65192
15.15922
13.02422
11.21576
9.704746
8.464045
7.468556
6.695179
6.122825
5.732412
5.506868
5.431129
5.492139
5.678851
5.982226
6.395235
6.912856
7.532076
8.251892
9.073307
9.999333
11.03499
12.18732
13.46534
14.88012
16.4447

n=5
3.692194
3.649991
3.59038
3.524202
3.460998
3.409126
3.375883
3.367618
3.389856
3.447411
3.544507
3.684895
3.871972
4.108898
4.398717
4.74447
5.149317
5.616657
6.150239
6.754288
7.433618
8.193753
9.041044
9.982786
11.02734
12.18424
13.46434
14.87988
16.44467

120

100

80

f(x)
60

40

20

0
0

0.5

1.5

x2.5

3.5

18.17415
20.08554
22.19795
24.53247
27.11221
29.96226
33.10975
36.5838
40.41553
44.6381
49.28664
54.39833
60.01232
66.16979
72.91393
80.28993
88.34498
97.1283
106.6911
117.0866
128.3701
140.5988
153.8319
168.1307
183.5585
200.1805
218.0641
237.2785
257.895
279.987
303.6298
328.9007
355.879
384.6461

18.17415
20.08554
22.19795
24.53251
27.11245
29.96327
33.11283
36.59145
40.43208
44.67036
49.34478
54.49679
60.17089
66.41479
73.2795
80.81946
89.09265
98.16071
108.0891
118.9471
130.808
143.7494
157.853
173.2049
189.8956
208.0204
227.6792
248.9767
272.0228
296.9321
323.8248
352.8261
384.0668
417.6833

f(x)
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4

n=1

36.5982344437
32.7588900199
40.4473043601
38.2187050232
44.7011844933
43.6785200265
49.4024491055
49.1383350298
54.5981500331 54.5981500331
60.3402875974
60.0579650365
66.6863310409
65.5177800398
73.6997936996
70.9775950431
81.450868665
76.4374100464

x2.5

3.5

4.5

n=2

n=3

37.1267420225
36.5443617555
40.6756217747
40.4299300995
44.7704830272
44.6976854938
49.41132578
49.4022260883
54.5981500331 54.5981500331
60.3309557866
60.3400554783
66.6097430404
66.6825405738
73.4345117946
73.6802034697
80.8052620491
81.3876423161

1.6487212707

e x =1 + x +

x 2 x3 x 4
+
+
+
2! 3! 4!

x = 0.5
Suku
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

exp(x)
1
1.5
1.625
1.6458333333
1.6484375
1.6486979167
1.6487196181

1.6487212707

 s = ( 0,5 102 n ) %

angka signifikan n=
4
Kesalahan Relatif (%)
Toleransi praspesifikasi s
a < s
sebenarnya t
aproksimasi a
39.3469340287
39.346934%
0.005
9.0204010431
9.020401%
33.3333333%
0.005
1.4387677967
1.438768%
7.6923077%
0.005
0.1751622556
0.175162%
1.2658228%
0.005
0.017211563
0.017212%
0.1579779%
0.005
0.0014164937
0.001416%
0.0157953%
0.005
0.000100238
0.000100%
0.0013163%
0.005

s = ( 0, 5 102n ) %

q1 = 3
q2 = 5
i

xi

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

f(xi)
f'(xi)
1.4 1.14481 -2.400924
1.876821 0.339082 -1.235829
2.151196 0.032187 -1.03524
2.182287 0.000175 -1.024321
2.182458 4.64E-009 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267
2.182458
0 -1.024267

xi+1
1.876821
2.151196
2.182287
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458
2.182458

a
12.8%
1.4%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

27 2.182458
28 2.182458

0 -1.024267 2.182458
0 -1.024267 2.182458

0.0%
0.0%

s = ( 0, 5 102n ) %
s

a < s

n= 4

0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%

f(x)
0.1 299.7918
0.2 74.78299
0.4 18.51371
0.6 8.075069
0.8 4.404053
1
2.6875
1.2 1.737073
1.4 1.14481
1.6 0.739349
1.8 0.437645
2 0.194444
2.2 -0.01792
2.4 -0.218812
2.6 -0.424269
2.8 -0.650405
3 -0.916667
3.2 -1.250241
3.4 -1.693609
3.6 -2.319539
3.8 -3.264466
4
-4.8125
4.2 -7.642432
4.4 -13.73393
4.6 -31.10822
4.8 -124.8698

20
15
10
5
0
0
-5
-10

0.5

1.5

0.01%
0.01%

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

a
b
Jml Segmen
hx

-1
2
20
0.15

Analitik =

5.1
fi

xi
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

-1
-0.85
-0.7
-0.55
-0.4
-0.25
-0.1
0.05
0.2
0.35
0.5
0.65
0.8
0.95
1.1
1.25
1.4
1.55
1.7
1.85
2

fi
5
3.750256
2.9261
2.424256
2.1536
2.035156
2.0021
1.999756
1.9856
1.929256
1.8125
1.629256
1.3856
1.099756
0.8021
0.535156
0.3536
0.324256
0.5261
1.050256
2

Trapesium
Simpson
5.133699375 Ganjil/Genap
#NAME?
1 #NAME?
0 #NAME?
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

Jml Ganjil
Jml Genap

dy
= f ( x, y )
dx

f ( x, y ) = 2 x 3 +12 x 2 20 x +8, 5
syarat awal
x=0, y=1
Solusi Analitik

y = 0, 5 x 4 + 4 x3 10 x 2 + 8, 5 x +1
hx
x0
y0

0.1
0
1

xi
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Syarat Awal

yi Euler
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5

1
1.85
2.5118
3.0082
3.3608
3.59
3.715
3.7538
3.7232
3.6388
3.515
3.365
3.2008
3.0332
2.8718
2.725
2.6
2.5028
2.4382
2.4098
2.42
2.47
2.5598
2.6882
2.8528
3.05

Kesalahan Metode Euler

Selisih = Eksak-Euler
1
0
1.75395
-0.09605
2.3312
-0.1806
2.75395
-0.25425
3.0432
-0.3176
3.21875
-0.37125
3.2992
-0.4158
3.30195
-0.45185
3.2432
-0.48
3.13795
-0.50085
3
-0.515
2.84195
-0.52305
2.6752
-0.5256
2.50995
-0.52325
2.3552
-0.5166
2.21875
-0.50625
2.1072
-0.4928
2.02595
-0.47685
1.9792
-0.459
1.96995
-0.43985
2
-0.42
2.06995
-0.40005
2.1792
-0.3806
2.32595
-0.36225
2.5072
-0.3456
2.71875
-0.33125

yi eksak

t
-5.48%
-7.75%
-9.23%
-10.44%
-11.53%
-12.60%
-13.68%
-14.80%
-15.96%
-17.17%
-18.40%
-19.65%
-20.85%
-21.93%
-22.82%
-23.39%
-23.54%
-23.19%
-22.33%
-21.00%
-19.33%
-17.47%
-15.57%
-13.78%
-12.18%

26
27
28

2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7

3.275
2.9552
3.5218 3.20995
3.7832
3.4752
4.0508 3.74195
4.315
4
4.565 4.23795
4.7888
4.4432
4.9732 4.60195
5.1038
4.6992
5.165 4.71875
5.14
4.6432
5.0108 4.45395
4.7582
4.1312
4.3618 3.65395
3.8
3
3.05 2.14595
2.0878
1.0672
0.8882 -0.26205
-0.5752
-1.8688
-2.33 -3.78125
-4.405
-6.0288
-6.8302 -8.64205
-9.6368 -11.6528
-12.8572 -15.09405
-16.525
-19
-20.675 -23.40605
-25.3432 -28.3488
-30.5668 -33.86605
-36.3842 -39.9968
-42.835 -46.78125
-49.96 -54.2608
-57.8012 -62.47805

-0.3198
-0.31185
-0.308
-0.30885
-0.315
-0.32705
-0.3456
-0.37125
-0.4046
-0.44625
-0.4968
-0.55685
-0.627
-0.70785
-0.8
-0.90405
-1.0206
-1.15025
-1.2936
-1.45125
-1.6238
-1.81185
-2.016
-2.23685
-2.475
-2.73105
-3.0056
-3.29925
-3.6126
-3.94625
-4.3008
-4.67685

-10.82%
-9.72%
-8.86%
-8.25%
-7.88%
-7.72%
-7.78%
-8.07%
-8.61%
-9.46%
-10.70%
-12.50%
-15.18%
-19.37%
-26.67%
-42.13%
-95.63%
438.94%
69.22%
38.38%
26.93%
20.97%
17.30%
14.82%
13.03%
11.67%
10.60%
9.74%
9.03%
8.44%
7.93%
7.49%

x +8, 5

Solusi Numerik dg M. Euler

y ( xi +1 ) y ( xi )
= f ( xi , yi )
hx

y ( xi +1 ) = y ( xi ) + hx f ( xi , yi )
f ( xi , yi ) = 2 xi 3 +12 xi 2 20 xi +8, 5
Kesalahan Relatif (%)

RK2

Perkiraan Deret Taylor

6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0

-0.09605
-0.08455
-0.07365
-0.06335
-0.05365
-0.04455
-0.03605
-0.02815
-0.02085
-0.01415
-0.00805
0.5
1
-0.00255
0.00235
0.00665
0.01035
0.01345
0.01595

1.5

2.5

-5.48%
-7.75%
-9.23%
-10.44%
-11.53%
-12.60%
-13.68%
-14.80%
-15.96%
-17.17%
-18.40%
3
3.5
-19.65%
-20.85%
-21.93%
-22.82%
-23.39%
-23.54%

0.459459
0.263476
0.165016
0.104915
0.063844
0.033647
0.010336
-0.008219
-0.023194
4

4.5

( xi , yi )
yi +1 = yi + f ( xi , yi )hx

xi 20 xi +8, 5
2

4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
4

4.5

0
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.6

0.7

f ( x, y ) = 2 x 3 +12 x 2 20 x + 8, 5

2
1

yi +1 =yi + k1 + k 2
3
3

y = 0, 5 x 4 + 4 x 3 10 x 2 + 8, 5 x + 1
hx
x0
y0

k1 = f ( xi , yi )

3
3

k2 = f xi + h, yi + h
4
4

0.5
0
1

RK2
i

xi
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

yi eksak
0
1
0.5 3.21875
1
3
1.5 2.21875
2
2
2.5 2.71875
3
4
3.5 4.71875
4
3
4.5 -3.78125
5
-19
5.5 -46.78125
6
-92
6.5 -160.2813
7
-258
7.5 -392.2813
8
-571
8.5 -802.7813

k1

k2
8.5
1.25
-1.5
-1.25
0.5
2.25
2.5
-0.25
-7.5
-20.75
-41.5
-71.25
-111.5
-163.75
-229.5
-310.25
-407.5

2.58203125
-1.15234375
-1.51171875
0.00390625
1.89453125
2.66015625
0.80078125
-5.18359375
-16.79296875
-35.52734375
-62.88671875
-100.37109375
-149.48046875
-211.71484375
-288.57421875
-381.55859375
-492.16796875

26
27
28

dy
= f ( x, y )
dx

20 x + 8, 5
2
1

yi +1 =yi + k1 + k2 h
3
3

k1 = f ( xi , yi )

syarat awal
x=0, y=1

f ( xi , yi ) =2 xi 3 +12 xi 2 20 xi +8, 5

3
3

k2 = f xi + h, yi + hk1
4
4

RK2

yi
4.5546875
-0.3515625
-1.5078125
-0.4140625
1.4296875
2.5234375
1.3671875
-3.5390625
-13.6953125
-30.6015625
-55.7578125
-90.6640625
-136.8203125
-195.7265625
-268.8828125
-357.7890625
-463.9453125

1
3.27734375
3.1015625
2.34765625
2.140625
2.85546875
4.1171875
4.80078125
3.03125
-3.81640625
-19.1171875
-46.99609375
-92.328125
-160.73828125
-258.6015625
-393.04296875
-571.9375
-803.91015625

t
0.00%
-1.82%
-3.39%
-5.81%
-7.03%
-5.03%
-2.93%
-1.74%
-1.04%
-0.93%
-0.62%
-0.46%
-0.36%
-0.29%
-0.23%
-0.19%
-0.16%
-0.14%

2
1

yi +1 =yi + k1 + k 2 h
3
3

k1 = f ( xi , yi )
3
3

k2 = f xi + h, yi + hk1
4
4

dv ( t )
c
=g v
dt
m

g
c
m
t
t0
v0
n

10
1
1
0.001
0
0

tn
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

v (tn +1 ) v(tn )
c

= g v (t n )
t
m

vn
0
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.01
0.011
0.012
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.018
0.019
0.02

0
0.01
0.01
0.01999 -0.48026
0.02997 -0.63703
0.03994 -0.710435
0.0499
-0.7505
0.05985
-0.7739
0.06979 -0.787781
0.079721 -0.795717
0.089641 -0.799692
0.099551 -0.800898
0.109452 -0.800093
0.119342 -0.797782
0.129223 -0.794315
0.139094 -0.789941
0.148955 -0.784845
0.158806 -0.779162
0.168647 -0.772999
0.178478 -0.766438
0.1883 -0.759541
0.198111 -0.752362

n +1

v n +1 v n
c
= g vn
t
m

c n n

= t g v + v
m

=g

c n
v
m

c n n
v +v
m

[A]-->[3x3]
-0.1
7
-0.2

3
0.1
0.3

[X]-->[3x1]
x1
x2
x3

-0.2
-0.3
10

invers [A] --> [3x3]

0.332489 0.004944 0.006798
-0.005182 0.142903 0.004183
-0.010078 0.00271 0.09988

[C] --> [3x1]

7.85
-19.3
71.4

[A]-->[3x3]
1
-1
0

[X]-->[3x1]
a
T
R

70
60
40

0
1
-1

invers [A] --> [3x3]

0.005882 0.005882 0.005882
0.588235 -0.411765 -0.411765
0.235294 0.235294 -0.764706

[C]-->[3x1]

[C]-->[3x1]

[C] --> [3x1]

636
518
307

Matriks A

1
1
1

1
3
2

1
2
3

0.657015
0.835997
0.172079
0.622991
0.19607
0.061584

0.008744
0.801609
0.315615
0.354226
0.071346
0.299311

0.232136
0.847048
0.965142
0.313787
0.788317
0.735295

1
0

2
0

3
0

0.952684
0.834638
0.431494
0.505747
0.794923
0.892787

1
3
3

1
2
2

0.604691
0.298205
0.725554
0.118671
0.78532
0.211303

0.942512
0.442336
0.047299
0.114591
0.065326
0.243369

2
3
4
5

1
1
1
0

1
0
1
1

0
1
0
1

2
3

[C]-->[3x1]
7.85
-19.3
71.4

[X] = (invers [A])*[C]-->[3x1]

3
-2.5
7

[C]-->[3x1]
636
518
307
[X] = (invers [A])*[C] --> [3x1]
8.594118
34.41176
36.76471

1
1
1

1
0

7
16
16

5
11
11

3
6
6

0.371473
0.415035
0.983833
0.652982
0.309862
0.1699

0.350248
0.348237
0.965975
0.360073
0.889505
0.385753

0.605539
0.254031
0.345482
0.269737
0.983696
0.87791

0.775701
0.665831
0.081651
0.941269
0.770153
0.638897

2
0

7
16
16

0.046321
0.696199
0.553063
0.960285
0.461293
0.098944

5
11
11

0.503282
0.832767
0.513979
0.487115
0.485749
0.823842

0
0

0
0

1
1

1
1
5x3

3x4

5x4

0
0
0
0

1
0
1
1

ctl+shift+enter

3
6
6

1.445665
2.189158
1.659068
1.073639
1.651528
1.560306

1.70189
2.126601
1.921482
0.976534
1.864989
1.439381

2.159516
1.909309
1.389455
0.929392
1.453488
1.029689

2.499029
2.549271
1.417592
1.38538
1.658753
1.465676

1.451952
2.04809
1.515216
1.000754
1.626821
1.59678

1.991534
2.439492
1.447092
1.168213
1.385777
1.396205

#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A

2
1
1
2

2
1
1
2

n
Lx
Phi(0)
Phi(3)
Nx
hx
x
0
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.7
3

i
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

=
=
=
=
=
=

0
3
10
0
10
0.3
Phi2
-2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

-0.9
-0.8
-0.7
-0.6
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1

x
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

Phi
0
10
0.3 10.215
0.6 10.16
0.9 9.835
1.2
9.24
1.5 8.375
1.8
7.24
2.1 5.835
2.4
4.16
2.7 2.215
3
0

[A]-->[9x9]
Phi3 Phi4 Phi5 Phi6 Phi7 Phi8 Phi9 Phi10
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-2

-0.8
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2

Invers [A]-->[9x9]
-0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4
-1.4 -1.2
-1 -0.8
-2.1 -1.8 -1.5 -1.2
-1.8 -2.4
-2 -1.6
-1.5
-2 -2.5
-2
-1.2 -1.6
-2 -2.4
-0.9 -1.2 -1.5 -1.8
-0.6 -0.8
-1 -1.2
-0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6

-0.3
-0.6
-0.9
-1.2
-1.5
-1.8
-2.1
-1.4
-0.7

-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
-1.2
-1.4
-1.6
-0.8

-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
-0.6
-0.7
-0.8
-0.9

12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

2
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

[X]-->[9x1] [C]-->[9x1]
Phi2
Phi3
Phi4
Phi5
Phi6
Phi7
Phi8
Phi9
Phi10

-10.27
-0.27
-0.27
-0.27
-0.27
-0.27
-0.27
-0.27
-0.27

[C]-->[9x1] [X]-->[9x1]
-10.27
10.215
-0.27
10.16
-0.27
9.835
-0.27
9.24
-0.27
8.375
-0.27
7.24
-0.27
5.835
-0.27
4.16
-0.27
2.215

1.5

2.5

3.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

Syarat Batas
Tl
Tr
Syarat Awal
T0

70
60
30

Tn
T0

i
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

D
Delta t
Lx
Nx
hx

T1
70
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
60

T2
70
30.8
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30.6
60

1
0.00005
1m
20
0.05

T3
70
31.568
30.016
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30.012
31.176
60

70
32.3056
30.04672
30.00032
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30.00024
30.03504
31.7292
60

T4
70
33.01431
30.09097
30.00124
30.00001
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30.00093
30.06823
32.26073
60

Kriteria Stabilitas

T5
70
33.69556
30.14764
30.00301
30.00003
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30.00002
30.00226
30.11073
32.77167
60

23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67

68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112

113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155

riteria Stabilitas

T6
70
34.35069
30.21571
30.00584
30.00009
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30.00007
30.00438
30.16178
33.26302
60

0.04

T7
70
34.98097
30.29421
30.00993
30.0002
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30.00015
30.00744
30.22066
33.73573
60

T8

T9

T10

70
70
70
35.58762 36.17176 36.12489
30.38226
30.01542
30.00039
30.00001
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30.0003
30.01156
30.28669
34.19071
60
60
60

REGRESI LINIER

xi

yi
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
28

y = a0 + a1 x + E
y = 0, 0714 + 0,839 x
Jumlah
rata-rata

xi*yi
0.5
2.5
2
4
3.5
6
5.5
24

0.5
5
6
16
17.5
36
38.5
119.5

4 3.42857

a1
a0
Jml kuadrat residu, Sr
Jml total kuadrat, St
Kesalahan taksiran standar, sy/x
Deviasi standar total, sy

0.839286
0.071429
2.991071
22.71429
0.773443
1.945691

Koefisien Determinasi, r^2

Koefisien korelasi, r

0.868318
0.931836

86.8%

sy/ x =

r2 =

a0 = y a1 x
a1 =

i =1

i =1

i =1

nxi yi xi yi
2

nxi2 xi
i =1
i =1
n

St
n 1

sy =

Sr
n 2

St S r
St

LINIER

E = y ( a0 + a1 x )
xi^2
1
4
9
16
25
36
49
140

Sr

St
n 1

sy =

sy/ x =

r2 =

(yi-a0-a1*xi)^2 (yi-rerata y)^2

0.1686862245
8.5765306122
0.5625
0.862244898
0.3472576531
2.0408163265
0.3265306122
0.3265306122
0.5896045918
0.0051020408
0.7971938776
6.612244898
0.1992984694
4.2908163265
2.9910714286 22.7142857143

Sr
n 2

St S r
St

St

7
f(x) = 0.8392857143x + 0.0714285714
R = 0.8683176101
6

0
0

x + 0.0714285714

t (s)
1
2
3
4
5

v (m/s)
0.5
1.7
3.4
5.7
8.4

log x

log y
0 -0.30103
0.30103 0.230449
0.477121 0.531479
0.60206 0.755875
0.69897 0.924279

8
7
6
5
v 4
3
2
1
0
0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

70

xi

yi
0
1
2
3
4
5

2.1
7.7
13.6
27.2
40.9
61.1

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0

f(x) = 1.7517236481x - 0.3002197946

R = 0.9999671951

0.8
0.6
y'=log y

0.4
0.2
0
-0.2

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

-0.4
2

2.5

3.5

4.5

5.5

x'=log x

0.3002197946

5 0.6 0.7 0.8