SCIENCE SCIENCE

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Intensive

FOR FOR FORM 3 FORM 3 FOR FORM 3

SCIENCE INTENSIVE PROGRAMME FOR FROM 3 CHAPTER 1 : RESPIRATION SMK SUNGAI PASIR , O8OOO SUNGAI PETANI , KEDAH DARULAMAN. TEL : 04-421 1764 FAX : 422 0203 LAMAN WEB : WWW.SMKSP.COM

1 Respiration is a chemical process whereby glucose react with oxygen to produce energy, carbon dioxide and water. Words equation
Glucose + Oxygen Energy + Carbon dioxide + Water

Transport of oxygen from the alveoli into the cells

Huamn Respiratory System

1.Nasal cavity
Trap dust, warmed and moistens air

2. Trachea
Trap dust and microorganisms

3. Brochus
Direct air into brochiole

6. Ribs
Protects lungs and heart 7Intercostal muscle Moves ribs

4. Bronchiole
Direct air into Alveoli

5. Alveoli
Diffuses air into blood capillaries

8. Diaphragm
Helps breathing mechanism

1 Oxygen from alveolus diffuses into the blood capillaries and combines with haemoglobin in the red blood cells to form oxyhaemoglobin. 2. The oxygenated blood then transport to the heart and pumps to all parts of the body. 3. When reach the body cells, oxyhaemoglobin break down and the oxygen diffuses into the cells and carries out the process of respiration 4. At the same time, carbon dioxide in the cells diffuses into the blood capillaries. 5. The deoxygenated blood then transport to the heart and pumps to the lungs. 6
Harmful substances Cigarette smoke Effects Tar - blackens the lungs. Nicotine - causes lung cancer Acid - corrodes lung's cells. Carbon monoxide - reduce ability of blood to transport oxygen

3 Pathway of air flow from the nose to the alveolus during inhalation :
BronNose Trachea Bronchus chiole Alveolus

Vehicles smoke

4 Using a functional model of the lungs to explain the process of inhalation.

Y-Shape tube Balloon Air space Bell jar Rubber sheet represented Trachea & bronchus represented represented represented represented Lung Thoracic cavity Rib cage Diaphragm

Using a model to explain the inhalation

1 2. 3. 4. When the rubber sheet is pulled down. Volume of bell jar increase. Air pressure inside the bell jar increase. Air from outside flow into the balloon and expand. represented 1 2. 3. 4.

Process of inhalation
When the diaphragm is move downward & flattens Volume of thoracic cavity is increase. Air pressure inside the thoracic cavity increase. Air from outside flow into the lung and inflate.