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Guide for electrical design engineers
Krzysztof Piatek 
 AGH-University of Science & Technology 
P  ow er  Q u al   i    t    y
Power Quality 
Voltage drop calculation: permissible level of voltage fluctuations for a motor 
SupplysystemPPC 400 VMlineL1 TrlineLz
400 V
 Z 
PPC
 Z 
L
 Z 
r
U 
PPC
U 
N
 
2
http://www.leonardo-energy.org
Power Quality 
Problem
An industrial customer plans to connect a new induction motor to the power supply system as shown in thediagram.
Power supply system parameters:
- eeder line Lz impedance (at 0.4 kV level):
 Zj 
Lz
m
= +
155166..
Ω
- supply line L impedance:
 ZjZ 
LL
mm
= + =
256065
Ω Ω
,
Transormer data:
- rated power
S
N
MVA
=
1- short-cir cuit voltage
u
%
=
5%- reactance to resistance ratio
 XR
=
5
Motor data:
- rated voltage:
U 
N
V
=
400- rated power:
P 
N
kW
=
75- starting power actor:PF
r
=
03.- starting overload coef cient:
k 
r
kVA/kW
=
7Using the permissible level o voltage uctuations as a criterion, determine whether the motor should be installed.For the planned number o 20 starts per hour the voltage change:
K 
max
= 3%
Solution
First, calculate the motor impedance during start then, employing Kirchho voltage law, nd the voltage drop duringstart. The voltage drop value relative to the rated voltage at PCC is the sought coef cient; it has to be compared withthe coef cients given or 20 starts per hour. The apparent power during start
SkP 
rrN
kVA
= = ⋅ =
775525 The motor impedance during start
 Z U S j 
rN2rrr
= +
( )
cossin
 ϕ ϕ
where
ϕ
rozr
is the phase shit angle during start, and cos
ϕ
r
= PF
r
is the starting power actor. Thus we obtain
 Zjj 
r
m
= +
( )
= +
04525030954914329074
2
.....
Ω
 The voltage drop at PCC is calculated rom the voltage divider in the gure. The voltage at PCC is
UU  ZZ  ZZZ 
PPCNrLrLPPC
=++ +
SupplysystemPPC 400 VMlineL1 TrlineLz
of 00

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