Andrea Iffland RD, ADB Sydney

2.5 billion < 10%

Interest free loan from neighbor Savings held for neighbors

Shopkeeper credit Microfinance savings account Remittance to home village

Life insurance

Home savings Rent arrears

Loans to others Cash in hand

Microfinance loan

Wage advance

Saving with a money guard

Razia says: unless you manage your money you cant manage your life

Policy environment Financial infrastructure Viable institutions Pro-poor innovations Social intermediation
More info: <http://www.adb.org/documents/policies/microfinance/default.asp>
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Macro Meso Micro

- the economy - the financial market - the service provider

Financial literacy Physical access to large rural and remote areas Supervisory capacity of financial regulators Legal frameworks for financial consumer protection Pervasive informal markets for lending, insurance, remittances

Mobile payment and banking Savings products: no-frills account Loan products: Kisan credit card Credit plus approach Value chain finance approach

Basic accounts, IDs, and cash transfers: Pakistan Microinsurance: Philippines, India Mobile money: Mongolia, Afghanistan National policies on financial inclusion: Thailand Consumer protection and financial education: Philippines Institutional development: Tajikistan, Pakistan, Nepal, Vietnam Policy and regulation innovations: Lao, Kyrgyz Republic
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 121 microfinance projects of US$2.6 billion 92 SME finance and leasing projects of US$1.5 billion