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Test 1----------------------- Prefixes -----------------------
 T=12
 
m=-3G=9
 
μ=-6M=6
 
n=-9k=3
 
p=-12
-------------------------- Units ---------------------------
 J=N∙mV=JCE=Vm=NCF=kQ1Q2d2F=QEF=WdF=CVFParticle=qv x BFParticle=qvBsinθvBFWire=IL x BFWire=ILBsinθLBFmaxWire=ILB @ θ=90°F2ParallelWires=μ0I1I2L22πd ∥ I's attracta=QEmKE=mv22=QVArcLength=R∙θradiansv=v0+QEtmy-y0=v0+vt2y-y0=v0t+QEt22mv =v02+2QEy-y0mE=kQd2E=kQxx2+R232E=2kλxE=2πkσ1-zz2+R212EinfPlane=2πkσEbw2Planes=4πkσEx=-∂v∂xESpherical=kQR2ECylindrical=2πλRpMagneticDipole=Qdτ=p x Ed=vtW=pEcosθ2-cosθ1W=-UW=FdW=PPowertUE=CV22UE=Q22CUE=QV2UE=kQ1Q2d1,2UB=LI22U=-Wu=B22 μ0CeqvSerial=1C1+1C2-1CeqvParallel=C1+C2∮Eda=Qenclϵ=4πkQenclEda=EAcosθ outgoing flux is positiveC=QVCplanar=ϵAdCcylindrical=2πϵllnbaCspherical=4πϵabb-aΔV=Vb-Va=-abE∙dl
Test 2
 J=N∙m=C∙VC=F∙Vi x i=j x j=k x k=0i x j=k ∎ j x i=-k j x k=i ∎ k x j=-ik x i=j ∎ i x k=-j
Right Hand Rule:
A x B=Cσconductivity=1ρρ=resistivityptemp=p01+αT-T0R=ρLAV=IRP=IVP=I2RP=V2RReqSeries=R1+R2ReqParallel=1R1+1R2-1
Kirchhoff’s Rules:
 Junction Rule:∑Iin=∑IoutLoop Rule:∑V=0 in a loopE: ⊖to ⊕ =add voltageSubtract VR when same dir as I
---------------------- RC Charging -----------------------
Qt=VemfC1-e-tRCVCt=VE1-e-tRCIt=VERe-tRC
------------------- RC Discharging -------------------
 
Qt=Q0e-tRCIt=QpRCe-tRCVCt=V0e-tRCτ12=RCln2radiusparticle=mvqBτ=nIA x Bmagnetic dipole moment=μ=nIAB∙dl=μ0IenclB=μ0IenclLAmperianLoopdB=μ0I2dl2 x r4πr2BLongWire=μ0I2πdBsolenoid=μ0NILBLoop=μ0I2R
Test 3
ΦB=∫B∙dAΦB=BAcosθEinducedLoop=-NdΦBdtEinducedRod=BLvEinducedGenerator=NBAω
----------------------- Transformers -----------------------
Voltage: V2V1=N2N1 Current: I2I1=N1N2E=-LdIdtL=NΦBILl=μ02πlnr2r1 [Coaxial Cable]
--------------- Turning On LR Circuits ------------------
IInductor=V0R 1-e-tτ [I=0 @ t=0]VR=V01- e-tτVL=V0e-tτ VL=0 @ t=∞
---------------- Turning O ff LR Circuits ---------------
I=V0Re-tτ [I=0 @ t=∞]VR=VL=V0e-tττ=LR TenergyTransfer=πLC
The current in a pure LC circuit (or charge on thecapacitor) oscillates sinusoidally. The energy too wouldconstantly oscillate back & forth between E & B, f/capacitor to inductor. In an LRC circuit, the R dampensthe oscillation.L & C circuits have/create impedance (Z)
c=1ϵ0μ0 v depends on mediumv=λf f depends on light source
----------------------- LC Oscillators ----------------------
Q=Q0cos(ωt+ϕ)I=I0sin(ωt+ϕ)Imax=ωQmax=ωCVω=2πf ωGenerator=E0NBAω0=1LCf0=ω02πf=1TResonance: ω0 or f0: XC=XLZ=Rcosϕ=1I=Imax
------------------------- RL C Circuits ---------------------
V0=ZI0VRMS=ZIRMSP=IRMS2 ZcosϕZ=R2+XL-XC2Z=R2+ωL-1ωC2ϕ=cos-1RZϕ=tan-1XL-XCRVt=V0sinωt+ϕ [orcos]It=I0sin(ωt) [orcos]V0Inductor=I0XLV0capacitor=I0XCXL=ωL XC=1ωCGauss: E∙dA=Qϵ0Gauss: B∙dA=0Faraday: E∙dL=-dΦBdtAmpere: B∙dL=μ0I+μ0ϵ0dΦEdtI=IUnpolarized2I=IPolarizedcos2θ
Test 4
θIncidentRay=θReflectedRay when ⊥to boundary
Mirrors
1do+1di=2Rdi=doR2do-Rm=-didom=-R2do-Rf=R2di>0 Real Imagem>0 Upright Imagem>1 Enlarged Imagedi,do= ⊕if located on reflecting sideR=- for convex mirror
Image from a Convex Mirror is always:
•
virtual
•
upright
•
reduced
c=vnn1sinθ1=n2sinθ2θIncident>θRefracted nIncident<nRefractedsinθCritical=n2n1 ray travels from nhigh → nlow
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