ECO-Asia CLEAN DEVELOPMENT AND CLIMATE PROGRAM

Supercritical Technology An Overview

Cleaner Coal Workshop on Solutions to Asias Growing Energy and Environmental Challenges Halong City, 19-21, August 2008
Stratos Tavoulareas, Regional Coal Advisor ECO-Asia Clean Development and Climate Program

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OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Supercritical is the technology of choice, among coal options Key technological and market developments Supercritical for anthracite Conclusions

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GW
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1995 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Sales of new power plants by boiler type

Sub critical

CFB

Source: ALSTOM

Supercritical
2003 2004 2005 2006

Sub critical

CFB
Source: ALSTOM

Supercritical
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

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Pulverized coal technologies

Pulverized coal option Steam Conditions Typical Efficiency (% HHV)

Subcritical

<22.1 MPa/538oC/538oC

35.0-38.0

Supercritical (SC)

24.7 MPa/538-565oC/565oC

38.0-40.0

Ultra-supercritical (USC)

27 MPa/565-625oC

40.0-42.5

Advanced USC

27 MPa/above 625oC

42.5-46.0

41000MWe USC Yuhuan Power Plant, China

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China is switching to supercritical for most new plants

As of the end of 2007, China had in operation:
135 SC units each 600 MW (81 GWs of installed capacity); and 9 USC units (8.2 GWs); 7X1,000 MWs and X600 MW

More than 200 SC and USC units have been ordered to start operating in the next 23 years

41000MWe USC Yuhuan Power Plant, China

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Why supercritical? Higher efficiency means lower fuel costs and CO2 emissions

ECO-Asia CLEAN DEVELOPMENT AND CLIMATE PROGRAM Higher efficiency should be sought whether CCS is required or not
65 With CO2 capture 60

Levelized COE, mills/kWh (2003 dollars)

55

PC Plant Pittsburgh #8 PC Plant Subbituminous

50 Without CO2 capture 45

40

35 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50

Efficiency of PC plant without CO2

capture, % (HHV)

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Historical Development of Plant Design and Efficiency

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Higher efficiency requires utilization of new materials

ECO-Asia CLEAN DEVELOPMENT AND CLIMATE PROGRAM Availability of supercritical is similar to subcritical

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Anthracite-fired pulverized power plants

Difficult fuel to burn Most boilers downshot firing ("W-Flame) T-fired (4X300 MW) in China Arch-fired (2X660 MW) in China
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Anthracite-fired pulverized power plants Worldwide capacity (operating and planned): 54.4 GWs
China: 43 GWs (low volatile and anthracite) Spain: 3.0 GWs (incl. 7X300MW) United Kingdom: 1.9 GWs (incl 3X500MW) Vietnam: ~1.9 GWs Germany: 1.1 GW (largest plant: 750MW)

Nearly all plants are subcritical

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Supercritical Anthracite-fired pulverized power plants China (burning 100% anthracite or blend)
Datang Xiangtan: 2X600MW burning 50%/50% blend Fengcheng 5&6: 2X600MW T-fired burning blend Huangdao 5&6: 2X660MW T-fired since 2006/07 Huaneng Ruijin 1&2: 2X350MW planned for 2008/09

Russia (blend of anthracite and bituminous)

Kashirskaya 3-6 (4x300MW) since 1966-68 Kashirskaya 7 (80MW) since 1983 Kashirskaya 8&9 (330MW) planned for 2008/2012
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CFB is another option for Anthracite Firing

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1st Supercritical CFB Firing

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Conclusions

Supercritical the technology of choice (among coal options) because of economic and environmental considerations

Anthracite Options
The Past: W-fired subcritical plants The Future: Supercritical Arch-fired and CFB plants

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Thank you!