Lecia a treia Lesson Three

GRAMMAR 1. Articolul GRAMATIC The Article

Articolul nsoete substantivul i arat ct de cunoscut ne este acesta. El arat diferena ntre a tiger = un tigru(oarecare) i the tiger = tigrul (cu identitate precis). The article is attached to the noun and it shows how familiar this is to us. a. Referire general Generic reference Tigrii sunt animale periculoase. Ruii sunt artiti excepionali. Francezii au o buctrie excelent. Muzica este ncnttoare.

Tigers are dangerous animals. Russians are exceptional artists. French people have excellent cuisine. Music is delightful. b. Articolul hotrt

Definite article Rusul este un bun dansator. Leul este regele tuturor animalelor. Doamna este frumoas. Indefinite article

The Russian is a good dancer. The lion is the king of all animals. The lady is beautiful. c. Articolul nehotrt

A friend in need is a friend indeed.

Prietenul la nevoie se cunoate. (proverb) A woman stands in front of the door. O femeie st n faa uii. De reinut c, n limba englez, articolul nehotrt a devine an atunci cnd este plasat naintea substantivelor care ncep cu vocal sau semivocal: an elephant = un elefant an egg = un ou an apple = un mr an orange = o portocal Articolul hotrt the se citete diferit n funcie de substantivul pe care l precede. a. Dac substantivul ncepe cu consoan, articolul hotrt se citete the: the tiger the dress the Russian the lion the lady

b. Dac substantivul ncepe cu vocal, articolul hotrt se citete the: the elephant the end the apple Timpul prezent the orange the egg

2. The Present Tense

La conjugrile prezentului, verbele i schimb forma de infinitiv doar la persoana a III-a singular unde primesc un s final. I remember you remember she remembers he remembers we remember you remember they remember mi amintesc i aminteti i amintete i amintete ne amintim v amintii i amintesc I spend you spend she spends he spends we spend you spend they spend petrec petreci petrece petrece petrecem petrecei petrec

Excepie fac verbele a cror pronunie necesit mici modificri. Este i cazul verbelor: to do - she(he) does to go - she(he) goes to have - she(he) has to fly - she(he) flies to dry - she(he) dries to cry - she(he) cries Excepie face i verbul to be care are un comportament aparte la conjugarea prezentului: I am, you are, she(he) is, we are, you are, they are. 3. Pentru a obine forma de plural, substantivele primesc i ele, n majoritatea cazurilor, un s la final. boy-boys(biat-biei), car-cars(main-maini), girl-girls(fat-fete), catcats(pisic-pisici), dog-dogs(cine-cini) apple-apples(mr-mere), horsehorses(cal-cai), leg-legs(picior-picioare), window-windows(ferastrferestre), mirror-mirrors(oglind-oglinzi), door-doors(u-ui). Excepie fac: a) substantivele a cror terminaie nu permite o pronunie fireasc prin adaugarea unui simplu s: dress-dresses(rochie-rochii), glass-glasses(pahar-pahare) sau

knife-knives(cuit-cuite), wife-wives(soie-soii) dar i b) substantivele cu form de plural neregulat: man-men(brbat-barbai), woman-women(femeie-femei), foot-feet(talp-tlpi), ox-oxen(bou-boi), mouse-mice(oarece-oareci), goose-geese(gsc-gte), sheepsheep(oaie-oi), child-children(copil-copii).

General concepts Holidays

Christmas Christmas tree New Years Eve New Years Day Easter Lent Labour Day National Day birthday

Noiuni generale Srbtori

Crciun pom de iarn ajun de Anul Nou prima zi de Anul Nou Pate Postul Mare Ziua Muncii Ziua Naional zi de natere

Wishes and congratulations

Happy birthday! Best wishes! Many happy returns of the day! Good luck! Congratulations! Merry Christmas! Happy Easter! Have a nice time! Have a nice trip! Have a nice weekend! Have a nice party! Have fun!

Urri i felicitri
La muli ani! Cele mai bune urri! La ct mai multe aniversri! Noroc! Felicitri! Crciun fericit! Pate fericit! Distracie plcut! Drum bun! Week-end plcut! Petrecere frumoas! S te distrezi!

Colours

Culori

white = alb, black = negru, gray = gri, green = verde, yellow = galben, red = rou, pink = roz, orange = portocaliu, blue = albastru, violet = violet, brown = maro, silver = argintiu, lilac = liliachiu, lila, purple = purpuriu, beige = bej. She has a white horse. Ea are un cal alb.

The rainbow has seven colours.

Curcubeul are apte culori.

Diferitele nuane ale culorilor, mai deschise sau mai nchise, sunt exprimate prin adjectivele light = luminos, deschis i dark = ntunecat, nchis. I have a light blue dress. He has a dark green car. Am o rochie albastru deschis. El are o main verde nchis.

I am very fond of holidays. I always remember the way we celebrated Christmas and Easter in Romania. Holidays are very important for Jim, too. Srbtorile mi sunt foarte dragi. mi amintesc ntotdeauna cum srbtoream Crciunul i Patele n Romnia. Pentru Jim, srbtorile sunt de asemena importante.

On Holidays

De srbtori

Jim Patrick: Holidays are delightful. We spend more time with our families. We are peaceful and happy. (Srbtorile sunt ncnttoare. Petrecem mai mult timp cu familiile noastre. Suntem linitii i fericii.) Minnie Jones: Indeed they are. Winter is white and beautiful. On Christmas, here in London everything is white outside: the streets, the trees, the houses, the gardens, even the cars are white. (Sunt, ntr-adevr. Iarna este alb i frumoas. De Crciun, aici n Londra totul este alb afar: strzile, copacii, casele, grdinile, pn i mainile.) Jim Patrick: And spring is full of flowers and joy. On Easter, the grass is green and the trees are dressed in pink, white, orange, yellow, red, blue and violet. A real symphony of colours. (Iar primvara este plin de flori i bucurie. De Pati, iarba este verde i copacii sunt mbraci n roz, alb, portocaliu, galben, rou, albastru i violet. O adevrat simfonie de culori.) Minnie Jones: I know. My birthday is in April and I always enjoy the fine weather and the colours of nature. (tiu. Ziua mea de natere este n aprilie i m bucur mereu de vremea frumoas i de culorile naturii.) Vocabulary: to be fond of = a ndrgi way = cale, drum; mod, fel, modalitate delightful = ncnttor to spend = a petrece; a cheltui more = mai mult peaceful = linitit happy = fericit here = aici

outside = afar street = strad tree = copac, pom house = cas garden = grdin car = main full of = plin de flower = floare joy = bucurie grass = iarb dressed in = mbrcat, n real = real, adevrat symphony = simfonie to enjoy = a se bucura fine = bun, weather = vreme

Dont forget! Nu uita!

i n limba englez exist articol hotrt i articol nehotrt. Articolul arat ct de cunoscut ne este substantivul pe care l nsoete. El arat diferena ntre a mouse = un oarece(oarecare) i the mouse = oarecele (cu identitate precis). Articolul hotrt the se citete diferit n funcie de substantivul pe care l precede. a. Dac substantivul ncepe cu consoan, articolul hotrt se citete the: the tiger the dress the Russian the lion the lady

b. Dac substantivul ncepe cu vocal, articolul hotrt se citete the: the elephant the end the apple the orange the egg

Articolul nehotrt are dou forme n limba englez: a i an n funcie de substantivul pe care l precede. Dac acesta ncepe cu vocal sau semivocal, articolul hotart este an: an elephant = un elefant an egg = un ou an apple = un mr an orange = o portocal

Dac substantivul ncepe cu consoan sau semiconsoan, articolul hotart este a: A friend in need is a friend indeed. Prietenul la nevoie se cunoate. A woman stands in front of the door. O femeie st n faa uii. This is a University. Aceasta este o Universitate. This is a union. Aceasta este o uniune. This ia a year. Acesta este un an.

Lets use the Present Tense! S folosim timpul prezent!

I remember you. Eu mi amintesc de tine. You remember me. Tu i aminteti de mine. She remembers him. Ea i amintete de el. He remembers her. El i amintete de ea. We remember them. Noi ne amintim de ei. You remember us. Voi v amintii de noi. They remember you. Ei i amintesc de voi.

Remember how we congratulate people! Amintete-i cum i felicitm pe ceilali!

Happy birthday! Best wishes! Many happy returns of the day! Good luck! Congratulations! Merry Christmas! Happy Easter! Have a nice time! Have a nice trip! Have a nice weekend! Have a nice party! Have fun! La muli ani! Cele mai bune urri! La ct mai multe aniversri! Noroc! Felicitri! Crciun fericit! Pate fericit! Distracie plcut! Drum bun! Week-end plcut! Petrecere frumoas! S te distrezi!

Which are the most important holidays? Care sunt cele mai importante srbtori?
Christmas New Years Eve New Years Day Easter Lent Labour Day National Day Crciun ajun de Anul Nou prima zi de Anul Nou Pate Postul Mare Ziua Muncii Ziua Naional

Which are the main colours? Care sunt culorile principale?

white = alb black = negru gray = gri green = verde yellow = galben red = rou pink = roz orange = portocaliu blue = albastru violet = violet brown = maro silver = argintiu golden = auriu lilac = liliachiu, lila purple = purpuriu beige = bej We have a gray car. Avem o main gri. The rainbow has seven colours: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. Curcubeul are apte culori: rou, portocaliu, galben, verde, albastru, indigo i violet. Diferitele nuane ale culorilor, mai deschise sau mai nchise, sunt exprimate prin adjectivele light = luminos, deschis i dark = ntunecat, nchis. She has a light blue skirt. You have a dark green shirt. Ea are o fust albastru deschis. Tu ai o cma verde nchis.