Day 1 Session 2 Part 1

COST Strategic Workshop: Meeting the Needs of Gifted Children and Adolescents - Towards a European Roadmap Day 1 - Monday
26 November, 2007, Session 2
Gifted Education in 21 European Countries Inventory and Perspective

Franz Mnks & Robin Pflger
Radboud University Nijmegen, Center for the Study of Giftedness Radboud University Nijmegen, Gaesdoncker Beratungsstelle fr Begabtenfrderung
Contents
Giftedness and gifted education is not a new topic First definition and numbers: how many children are gifted? Curriculum: contents of school education are all children included? Progress of policy concering gifted education in Europe 21 participating countries Correpondents and comparibility of the results Main topics of the inventory Results of the inventory and perspective
COST Strategic Workshop: Meeting the Needs of Gifted Children and Adolescents - Towards a European Roadmap Day 1 - Monday 26 November, 2007, Session 2
The diversity of individuals is the main obstacle of every education in schools. Not taking into account individual differences is the main failure of all educational legislation
[Die Verschiedenheit der Kpfe ist das grte Hindernis aller Schulbildung. Darauf nicht zu achten ist der Grundfehler aller Schulgesetze]
Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776-1841)
Deutscher Ausschu fr Erziehung und Unterricht
The Rise Of the Gifted

* Vorfragen
Im Auftrag herausgegeben und eingeleitet von Peter Petersen
1 9 1 6
Psychological research and diagnosis of giftedness
Giftedness as such is always only a possibility of achievement, a necessary condition, it is not yet the achievement itself
(Stern, 1916, S. 110)
For 2 % most gifted and another 10% gifted elementary pupils we have to establish additional study opportunities in our schools
(Stern, 1916, S. 109)
School Motivation Creativity
Peers
Exceptional Abilities Giftedness
Family
Multifactor model of giftedness (Mnks,1985)
Curriculum is made for the average.

What about the students who have learning capacities above the average?
Country Germany The Netherlands Austria
Annual Birth-rate
(1990 1995)
Students how have learning capacities above the average.
770000 190000 92000
In the year 2003=713.000 in the year 2006=670.000
80000 20000 10000
How can we meet the learning needs of the above average ability student?
The Frame of Education -the CurriculumDefinition

A) A curriculum is a plan for learning B) Curriculum must consist essentially of disciplined study in five great areas: (The International Encyclopedia of Curriculum, 1991, p. 15): 1) command of the mother tongue and the systematic study of grammar, literature, and writing; 2) mathematics; 3) sciences; 4) history; 5) foreign language C) Curriculum is what is taught to students, i.e. intended and unintended information, skills, and attitudes that are communicated to students in schools (Sowell, 1996, S. 5)
Curriculum Conception
Cumulative tradition of organized knowledge
Purpose of Education
To cultivate cognitive achievement and the intellect To prepare people for living in an unstable, changing world; to reform society To develop individuals to their fullest potentials
Primary Source of Content

Academic disciplines, subject matter
Social relevancereconstruction
Needs of society and culture
Self-actualization
Needs and interest of learners
Curriculum conceptions, purposes of education and primary sources of content (E.J. Sowell
(1996). Curriculum An Integrative Introduction. Egglewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, p. 41)
Organizational Frame -the school systemOpen University
University Education
4 Years
Higher Vocational Education

4 Years
Senior Secondary Education
Apprenticeship Graining
Short MBO Courses
Pre-University Education (VWO) 6 Years
Senior General Secondary Education (HAVO) 5 Years Junior General Secondary Education (MAVO) 4 Years Junior Secondary Education (LBO) 4Years Transition Class Special Primary and Secondary Education
Transition Adult Education Class
Transition Class
Transition Class
Primary Education (Age 4-12 Years) 8 Years
Policy for the Gifted in Europe

1991
Council of Europe; Center for the Study of Giftedness
1992
Educational Research Workshop On Gifted Children and Adolescents in Europe; Nijmegen 23-26 July 1991 Education of the Gifted in Europe: Theoretical and Research Issues
(F. Mnks, M. Katzko & H. v. Boxtel)
1994
Recommendation 1248
2003
Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe on Education for Gifted Children Gifted Education in Schools: An Inventory of 21 European countries
(F. Mnks, W. Peters & R. Pflger)
Policy for the Gifted in Europe

2003 Gifted Education in Schools: An Inventory of 21 European countries
(F. Mnks, W. Peters & R. Pflger)
2003
Recommendation 1248
Written request for the Parliamentary Assembly

(Member from Spain: Varela i Serrra)
2004
European Seminar: Donaueschingen, 15 19. Nov 2004 Substantial progress of gifted education
2005
Report: Gifted Education in 21 European Schools - Inventory and Perspective

(F. Mnks & R. Pflger)
Method
Correspondents of 21 European Countries
Country
Austria Belgium Switzerland Germany Denmark Finland France Greece Spain Hungary Ireland Italy Luxembourg Latvia The Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Sweden Slovenia United Kingdom
Country
Total Population (Million; 2001) 8.1 10.3 7.2 82.0 5.3 5.2 10.6 39.9 9.9 3.8 57.5 0.5 2.4 15.9 38.6 10.00 22.4 8.8 2.0 59.5
Austria Belgium Switzerland Germany Denmark Finland Greece Spain Hungary Ireland Italy Luxembourg Latvia The Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Sweden Slovenia United
Total Population (Million; 2001) 21 EU 459.4 Countries USA 285.9
Method
Correspondents of 21 European Countries International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-97)
ISCED
Method
Correspondents of 21 European Countries International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-97) (OECD, 2000) - Level 0: Pre-primary education
- Level 1: Primary education or first stage of basic education - Level 2: Lower secondary or second stage of basic education - Level 3: Upper secondary education
Method
Correspondents of 21 European Countries International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-97) (OECD, 2000) Questionnaire with 6 main topics
1. School legislation, regulations and guidelines 2. Specific provisions 3. Identification criteria 4. Teacher training and/ or teacher upgrading and networks of experience exchange 5. Research and professional care and counseling 6. Priorities and expectations
Method
Correspondents of 21 European Countries International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-97) (OECD, 2000) Questionnaire with 6 main topics Educational Research Workshop Education of the Gifted in European Schools 5 9 June 2002
Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Method
Correspondents of 21 European Countries International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-97) (OECD, 2000) Questionnaire with 6 main topics Educational Research Workshop (2002) Final report 2003 Gifted Education in Europe: Inventory and perspective (German)
Schulische Begabtenfrderung in Europa: Bestandsaufnahme und Ausblick
Methode
Correspondents of 21 European Countries International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-97) (OECD, 2000) Questionnaire with 6 main topics Educational Research Workshop (2002) Final report Gifted Education in Europe: Inventory and Perspective (2003) Update of the inventory! - Same correspondents - Data collection until December 2004
Methode
Correspondents of 21 European Countries International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-97) (OECD, 2000) Questionnaire with 6 main topics Educational Research Workshop (2002) Final report Gifted Education in Europe: Inventory and Perspective (2003) Update of the inventory (2004) Report: Gifted Education in 21 European Countries - Inventory and Perspective (2005, English)
Methode
Correspondents of 21 European Countries International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-97) (OECD, 2000) Questionnaire with 6 main topics Educational Research Workshop (2002) Final report Gifted Education in Europe: Inventory and Perspective (2003) Update of the inventory (2004) Report: Gifted Education in 21 European Countries: Inventory and Perspective (2005) Results!
Guidelines are set by the school School Legislation, and Guidelines The term giftedness (or a Regulations Gifted students are recognized Country synonym) is explicitly named in the law of the country + - a) as a part of a subgroup (e.g. children with special needs ...) + + - a) inspectorate or other relevant authorities regarding gifted education
sterreich Belgien (Flmisch) Schweiz* Deutschland* Dnemark Spanien Finnland Frankreich Griechenland Ungarn Irland Italien Luxemburg Lettland Niederlande Polen Portugal Rumnien Schweden Slowenien England
School Legislation, Regulations and Guidelines

Guidelines are set by The term Gifted students are school inspectorate giftedness (or a recognized as a part or other relevant synonym) is of a subgroup (e.g. authorities regarding explicitly named in children with special gifted education the law of the needs ...) country
Country
Germany* Finland Hungary Netherlands United Kingdom
Specific Provisions
Early entrance Skipping classes Shared classes with higher grades School extern Groupwise acceleration Workshops Cooperation with companies or non-profit organizations Extra - curricular Individual mentors Self study Special schools Enrichment Acceleration Competitions Psychological counseling Summer camps Festivals Exhibitions Performances/ Shows (artistic, sport Following courses at ISCED level 4-6
School intern
Specific Provisions
ISCED Niveau Deutschland* Spanien Luxemburg England Finnland
Specific provisions
+ + +
Early entrance
1 2 3 0
Skipping classes Shared classes with higher grades Groupwise acceleration
1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3
Identification Criteria
Belgium (Flemish) Spain Finland Ireland Italy Poland Romania Sweden Slovenia United Kingdom Austria Switzerland* Germany* Denmark France Greece Hungary Luxembourg Latvia Netherlands Portugal
Criteria
School grades School external achievement (Competitions) Achievement tests Psychological Assessment Observation lists/ Checklists Teacher nomination Parents nomination Expert Recommendation of third party Self nomination Institution specific criteria
+ + + + +
+ +
0 +
+ +
Identification Criteria
Germany* Finland Netherlands Poland Slovenia United Kingdom
Criteria
School grades School external achievement (Competitions) Achievement tests Psychological Assessment
Observation lists/ Checklists Teacher nomination Parents nomination Expert Recommendation of third party (art teacher; trainer...) Self nomination
Teacher training and/ or teacher upgrading

sterreich Belgien (Flmisch) Schweiz* Deutschland* Dnemark Spanien Finnland Frankreich Griechenland Ungarn Irland Italien Luxemburg Lettland Niederlande Polen Portugal Rumnien Schweden Slowenien England
Teacher training
0
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
Initial teacher training Retraining and further education of teachers Training of experts as psychologists, educators ECHA-Diploma (European Council for High Ability)
1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3
Teacher training and/ or teacher upgrading

ISCED Level Austria Switzerland* Germany* Finland Hungary Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Denmark Slovenia United Kingdom
Teacher training
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
Initial teacher training Retraining and further education of teachers Training of experts as psychologists, educators ECHA-Diploma (European Council for High Ability)
1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3
Priorities and Expectations

United Kingdom Slovenia Sweden Romania Portugal Poland Netherlands Letvia Luxembourg Italy Ireland Hungary Greece France Finland Spain Denmark Germany* Switzerland* Belgium (Flemish) Austria
Total
Topics
School Legislation, Regulations and Guidelines Recognition of Gifted Students and their neediness by law Giftedness as a topic in initial teacher training
1 3 1 9 1 6
Initial Teacher Training, Retraining and further Education Initial teacher training and retraining in gifted education
EU-weather conditions 03
Austria Belgium Switzerland Germany Denmark Finland France Greece Spain Hungary Ireland Italy Luxembourg Latvia The Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Sweden Slovenia United Kingdom
EU-weather conditions 04
Austria Belgium Switzerland Germany Denmark Finland France Greece Spain Hungary Ireland Italy Luxemburg Latvia The Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Sweden Slovenia United Kingdom
Gifted Education in European Schools Gifted Education in European School An Inventory of 21 European Countries An Inventory of 21 European Countries
Franz Mnks Robin Pflger
Thank you
Specific educational measures to promote all forms of giftedness at schools in Europe

Prof. dr. Tessa Kieboom Centrum voor Begaafdheidsonderzoek Universiteit Antwerpen
Giftedness
Cognition Intellectual capacities Motivation Creativity Personality Perfectionism >< fear of failure Feeling of justice Sensitivity Critical
Primary school
Regular class Enrichment class Social-emotional development Attitude to work Differentiation Learning attitude
Grade skipping
Regular Class
Grade Skipping
Differentiation
Differentiation
MUST
Basic Curriculum
EXTRA
Computer Reading Enrichment
To do an effort To learn to fail
Before age of 12
Differentiation for the Gifted

MUST
Basic Curriculum OtherTasks
EXTRA
Computer Reading
Other Tasks more difficult To do an effort To learn to fail
Enrichment Class
Social-emotional Development Philosophy Working in group Social attitudes
Enrichment Class
Attitude to work Read the instructions of an exercise Learn to work orderly, efficiently Difficult project work
Enrichment Class
Learning attitude/study behaviour Study methods Learning styles Exercise to implement techniques TIME
Secondary School
Start to work with gifted pupils Differentiation very difficult Enrichment class some schools are starting
CBO
Grote Steenweg 40 2600 Antwerpen 03 297 30 88 fax 03 297 31 86 info@cbo-antwerpen.be
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COST Strategic Workshop: Meeting the Needs of Gifted Children and Adolescents - Towards a European Roadmap Day 1 - Monday

26 November, 2007, Session 2

Gifted Education in 21 European Countries Inventory and Perspective

Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776-1841)

Deutscher Ausschu fr Erziehung und Unterricht

The Rise Of the Gifted

Psychological research and diagnosis of giftedness

School Motivation Creativity

Exceptional Abilities Giftedness

Multifactor model of giftedness (Mnks,1985)

Curriculum is made for the average.

Country Germany The Netherlands Austria

Students how have learning capacities above the average.

770000 190000 92000

In the year 2003=713.000 in the year 2006=670.000

80000 20000 10000

The Frame of Education -the CurriculumDefinition

Primary Source of Content

Needs of society and culture

Needs and interest of learners

Organizational Frame -the school systemOpen University

Higher Vocational Education

Senior Secondary Education

Short MBO Courses

Pre-University Education (VWO) 6 Years

Transition Adult Education Class

Primary Education (Age 4-12 Years) 8 Years

Policy for the Gifted in Europe

Policy for the Gifted in Europe

Written request for the Parliamentary Assembly

Report: Gifted Education in 21 European Schools - Inventory and Perspective

Total Population (Million; 2001) 21 EU 459.4 Countries USA 285.9

School Legislation, Regulations and Guidelines

Germany* Finland Hungary Netherlands United Kingdom

Skipping classes Shared classes with higher grades Groupwise acceleration

Teacher training and/ or teacher upgrading

Teacher training and/ or teacher upgrading

Priorities and Expectations

Franz Mnks Robin Pflger

Specific educational measures to promote all forms of giftedness at schools in Europe

To do an effort To learn to fail

Differentiation for the Gifted

Other Tasks more difficult To do an effort To learn to fail

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