FACULTAD DE INGENIERA DE MINAS, GEOLOGA Y CIVIL

ESCUELA DE FORMACIN PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERA CIVIL

A
AAN
NN
L
LLI
IIS
SSI
IIS
SS E
EES
SST
TTR
RRU
UUC
CCT
TTU
UUR
RRA
AAL
LL I
III
II
(
((I
IIC
CC-
--4
444
444
44)
))

I
IIN
NNF
FFO
OOR
RRM
MME
EE N
NN
0
005
55
V
VVE
EEC
CCT
TTO
OOR
RR D
DDE
EE C
CCA
AAR
RRG
GGA
AAS
SS G
GGE
EEN
NNE
EER
RRA
AAL
LLI
IIZ
ZZA
AAD
DDA
AAS
SS Q
QQ

DOCENTE : Mg. Ing. YACHAPA CONDEA, Rubn Amrico

ALUMNO : Machaca Mendieta, Jorge Wenseslao

CDIGO : 16005008

FECHA DE ENTREGA : 13 05 13

AYACUCHO PER
2013




En las siguientes estructuras con elementos totalmente flexibles, se pide:

a) Seleccionar el sistema de coordenadas Q q.
b) Obtener el vector de cargas generalizadas mediante trabajos virtuales.
c) Resolver el problema primario.
d) Indicar cul es el problema complementario.

EJERCICIO N 01
A B
1.5 T/m
2.0 T/m
1.5 T/m
D E F
C
1 T

Solucin
a) Sistema de coordenadas Q q
3
1
2
6
4
5
9
7
8


Clculo de Q
1

A B
D E F
C A'

T Q 1 1 * 1
1
= =

Clculo de Q
2

A B
D E F
C
A'


}
=
4
0
2
) ( 5 . 1 dx x v Q
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ = =
3
3
2
2
2 1
2 3
1 ) ( ) (
L
X
L
X
x v x v |
T dx
L
X
L
X
Q 3
2 3
1 5 . 1
4
0
3
3
2
2
2
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
}










Clculo de Q
3

A B
D E F
C



}
=
4
0
3
) ( 5 . 1 dx x v Q
2
3 1
1 ) ( ) ( |
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
X x x v | u
T dx
L
X
X Q 2 1 5 . 1
4
0
2
3
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
}

Clculo de Q
4

A B
D E F
C B'

0
4
= Q






Clculo de Q
5

A B
D E F
C
B'


} }
+ =
4
0
2
4
0
1 5
) ( 2 ) ( 5 . 1 dx x v dx x v Q
|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
L
X
x v x v
2
3 ) ( ) (
2
2
5 2 1
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ = =
3
3
2
2
2 1 2
2 3
1 ) ( ) (
L
X
L
X
x v x v |
T dx
L
X
L
X
dx
L
X
L
X
Q 7
2 3
1 2
2
3 5 . 1
4
0
3
3
2
2 4
0
2
2
5
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ + |
.
|

\
|
=
} }


Clculo de Q
6

A B
D E F
C

} }
+ =
4
0
2
4
0
1 6
) ( 2 ) ( 5 . 1 dx x v dx x v Q
|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
L
X
x x v 1 ) ( ) (
2
6 2 1
| u
2
3 1 2
1 ) ( ) (
|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
X x x v | u
T dx
L
X
X dx
L
X
L
X
Q 1 1 2 1 5 . 1
4
0
2
4
0
2
6
=
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
.
|

\
|
=
} }


Clculo de Q
7

A B
D E F
C C'

}
=
3
0
7
) ( 5 . 0 dx x Xv Q
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ = =
3
3
2
2
2 1
2 3
1 ) ( ) (
L
X
L
X
x v x v |
T dx
L
X
L
X
X Q 67 . 0
2 3
1 5 . 0
3
0
3
3
2
2
7
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
}












Clculo de Q
8


A B
D E F
C
C'


}
=
4
0
8
) ( 2 dx x v Q
|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
L
X
x v x v
2
3 ) ( ) (
2
2
5 2
|
T dx
L
X
L
X
Q 4
2
3 2
4
0
2
2
8
= |
.
|

\
|
=
}


Clculo de Q
9

A B
D E F
C

} }
+ =
3
0
2
4
0
1 9
) ( 5 . 0 ) ( 2 dx x Xv dx x v Q
|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
L
X
x x v 1 ) ( ) (
2
6 2 1
| u
2
3 1 2
1 ) ( ) (
|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
X x x v | u
T dx
L
X
X dx
L
X
L
X
Q 45 . 2 1 5 . 0 1 2
3
0
2
2
4
0
2
9
=
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
.
|

\
|
=
} }

b) Vector Q

(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

=
45 . 2
00 . 4
67 . 0
00 . 1
00 . 7
00 . 0
00 . 2
00 . 3
00 . 1
Q

c) Problema Primario
A
B
1.5 T/m
2.0 T/m
1.5 T/m
D E F
C
1 T
R2
R3
R1
R5
R4
R6
R8
R7
R9


Equilibrio de elementos
A
B
1.5 T/m
2.0 T/m
1.5 T/m
D E
F
C
2 T-m
3 T
B
A
C
3 T
2 T-m
3 T-m
4 T 4 T
3 T-m
0.45 T-m
0.67 T-m
0.67 T
1.58 T

Equilibrio de juntas
1 T
R2
R1
R3
3 T
2 T-m
Junta A
R5
R4
R6
4 T
3 T-m
Junta B
3 T
2 T-m
R8
R7
R9
Junta C
4 T
3 T-m
0.67 T
0.45 T-m
T R
T R
T R
2
3
1
3
2
1
=
=
=

T R
T R
R
1
7
0
6
5
4
=
=
=

T R
T R
T R
45 . 2
4
67 . 0
9
8
7
=
=
=


d) Problema Complementario
2 T-m
1 T
3 T
2.45 T-m
0.67 T
7 T
1 T-m
4 T


EJERCICIO N 02
A
B
W
C
D
P


Solucin
a) Sistema de coordenadas Q q
1
4
2
3
6
5



Clculo de Q
1

A
B
C
D


}
=
4
0
1
) ( dx x Wv Q
2
3 1
1 ) ( ) ( |
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
X x x v | u
3
4
1
4
0
2
1
W
dx
L
X
WX Q =
|
.
|

\
|
=
}


Clculo de Q
2

A
B
C
D
B'
) (
2
x Pv Q =
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ = =
3
3
2
2
2 1
2 3
1 ) ( ) (
L
X
L
X
x v x v |
P
L
X
L
X
P Q 5 . 0
2 3
1
3
3
2
2
2
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =

Clculo de Q
3

A
B
C
D
B'

} }
+ =
4
0
2
4
0
1 3
) ( ) ( dx x Wv dx x Wv Q
|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
L
X
x v x v
2
3 ) ( ) (
2
2
5 2 1
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ = =
3
3
2
2
2 1 2
2 3
1 ) ( ) (
L
X
L
X
x v x v |
W dx
L
X
L
X
W dx
L
X
L
X
W Q 4
2 3
1
2
3
4
0
3
3
2
2 4
0
2
2
3
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ + |
.
|

\
|
=
} }

Clculo de Q
4

A
B
C
D
) ( ) ( ) (
2
4
0
2
4
0
1 4
x Pv dx x Wv dx x Wv Q + =
} }

|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
L
X
x x v 1 ) ( ) (
2
6 2 1
| u
2
3 1 2
1 ) ( ) (
|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
X x x v | u
P
L
X
PX dx
L
X
WX dx
L
X
L
X
W Q 38 . 0 1 1 1
2
4
0
2
4
0
2
4
=
|
.
|

\
|

|
.
|

\
|
+
|
.
|

\
|
=
} }


Clculo de Q
5

A
B
C
D
C'


0
5
= Q

Clculo de Q
6

A
B
C
D

}
=
4
0
6
) ( dx x Wv Q
|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
L
X
x x v 1 ) ( ) (
2
6 2
| u
3
4
1
4
0
2
6
W
dx
L
X
L
X
W Q =
|
.
|

\
|
=
}


b) Vector Q

(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

=
3 / 4
00 . 0
38 . 0
4
5 . 0
3 / 4
W
P
W
P
W
Q

c) Problema Primario
A B
W
C
D
P
R1
R3
R2
R4
R5
R6

Equilibrio de elementos
A
B
W
C
D
P
B
W
B
4W/3
2W 2W
4W/3
0.38P
0.38P
0.5P
0.5P
4W/3
2W 2W
4W/3

Equilibrio de juntas
R1
Junta A
R3
R2
R4
Junta B
R5
R6
Junta C
4W/3
4W/3
4W/3
4W/3
2W 2W
0.5P
0.38P


W R
P R
W R
4
5 . 0
3 / 4
3
2
1
=
=
=

3 / 4
0
38 . 0
6
5
4
W R
R
P R
=
=
=


d) Problema Complementario
4W/3
0.5P
4W
0.38P
4W/3















EJERCICIO N 03
A C
B
W


Solucin
a) Sistema de coordenadas Q q
3
1
2

Clculo de Q
1

A
C
B
B'
B''
B B'
B''

) ( 37 cos 3 ) ( 37 3 ) ( 37 cos 3 ) ( 37 3
1 1 2 2 1
x v W x u Wsen x v W x u Wsen Q + =
L
X
x u x u
5
3
) ( ) (
4 2 2
= = |

|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
L
X
x v x v
2
3
5
4
) ( ) (
2
2
5 2 2
|

|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
x u x u 1
5
4
) ( ) (
1 1 1
|

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ = =
3
3
2
2
2 1 1
2 3
1
5
3
) ( ) (
L
X
L
X
x v x v |
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ |
.
|

\
|
+ |
.
|

\
|
+ =
3
3
2
2
2
2
1
2 3
1
5
3
37 cos 3 1
5
4
37 3
2
3
5
4
37 cos 3
5
3
37 3
L
X
L
X
W
L
X
Wsen
L
X
L
X
W
L
X
Wsen Q

0
1
= Q

Clculo de Q
2

A
C
B
B'
B'' B'''

) ( 37 cos 3 ) ( 37 3 ) ( 37 cos 3 ) ( 37 3
1 1 2 2 2
x v W x u Wsen x v W x u Wsen Q + =
L
X
x u x u
5
3
) ( ) (
4 2 2
= = |

|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
L
X
x v x v
2
3
5
4
) ( ) (
2
2
5 2 2
|

|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
x u x u 1
5
3
) ( ) (
1 1 1
|

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ = =
3
3
2
2
2 1 1
2 3
1
5
4
) ( ) (
L
X
L
X
x v x v |
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ |
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2 3
1
5
4
37 cos 3 1
5
3
37 3
2
3
5
4
37 cos 3
5
3
37 3
L
X
L
X
W
L
X
Wsen
L
X
L
X
W
L
X
Wsen Q

W Q 3
2
=

Clculo de Q
3

A C
B
) ( 37 cos 3 ) ( 37 cos 3
1 2 3
x W x W Q u u =
|
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
L
X
x x 1 ) ( ) (
2
6 2 2
| u u

2
3 1 1
1 ) ( ) ( |
.
|

\
|
= =
L
X
X x x | u u

2
2
3
1 37 cos 3 1 37 cos 3 |
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
L
X
X W
L
X
L
X
W Q
0
3
= Q

b) Vector Q

(
(
(

=
00 . 0
3
00 . 0
W Q

c) Problema Primario
A C
B
W
R2
R1
R3

Equilibrio de elementos
A
C
B
3W
B
1.50W
1.20W
0.90W
3
W
s
e
n
3
7

3
W
c
o
s
3
7
3
W
C
O
S
3
7

3
W
s
e
n
3
7

1.20W
1.20W
1.20W
0.90W
0.90W
0.90W 1.50W
1.50W
1.50W

Equilibrio de juntas
Junta B
R2
R1
R3
0.90W
0.90W
1.50W
1.50W
1.20W
1.20W

d) Problema Complementario
3W



EJERCICIO N 04
B
W1
C
A
W2

Solucin
a) Sistema de coordenadas Q q
4
2
3
1
5

Clculo de Q
1

B
C
A

2
1 1
1
2
1 1
1
1*
12
12
W L
Q
W L
Q
| |
=
|
\ .
=


Clculo de Q
2

B
C
A
B'

2
2
1*0
0
Q
Q
=
=







Clculo de Q
3

B
C
A
B'

1 1 2 2
3
1 1 2 2
3
1*
2 2
2 2
W L W L
Q
W L W L
Q
| | | |
= +
| |
\ . \ .
| |
= +
|
\ .



Clculo de Q
4

B
C
A

2 2
1 1 2 2
4
2 2
1 1 2 2
4
1*
12 12
12 12
W L W L
Q
W L W L
Q
| | | |
= +
| |
\ . \ .
| |
= +
|
\ .


Clculo de Q
5

B
C
A

2
2 2
5
2
2 2
5
1*
12
12
W L
Q
W L
Q
| |
=
|
\ .
=


b) Vector Q

2
1 1
1 1 2 2
2 2
1 1 2 2
2
2 2
12
0
2 2
12 12
12
W L
W L W L
Q
W L W L
W L
| |

|
|
|
|
| |
|
+
|
|
=
\ .
|
| | |
+
|
|
\ .
|
|

|
\ .











c) Problema Primario
B
W1
C
A
W2
R3
R2
R4
R1
R5

Equilibrio de juntas
W1L1/2
(W1L1)^2/12
W1L1/2
(W1L1)^2/12
W2L2/2 W2L2/2
(W2L2)^2/12 (W2L2)^2/12
Junta B
A
B B
C

1 1
1
2
1 1 2 2
3
2 2
1 1 2 2
4
2
2 2
5
12
0
2 2
12 12
12
W L
R
R
W L W L
R
W L W L
R
W L
R
=
=
| |
= +
|
\ .
| |
= +
|
\ .
=


d) Problema Complementario
(W1L1+W2L2)/2
W2L2/2
(W1L1)^2/12
(W1L1)^2/12 - (W1L1)^2/12
(W2L2)^2/12
R1
R3
R2
R5




EJERCICIO N 05

A E
B
C
1000 k
1500 k
1000 k-m
1500 k
2500 k
4500 k-m
2000 k
D
3500 k
5000 k-m
3000 k
A0
I0
A0
I0
I0
A =
I0
A =













Solucin
a) Sistema de coordenadas Q q
3
1
2
5
4
7
6


Clculo de Q
1

A E
B
C
D
B'

1
1
1*1000
1000
Q
Q
=
=










Clculo de Q
2

A E
B
C
D
B'

( )
2
2
1* 6876
6876
Q
Q
=
=


Clculo de Q
3

A E
B
C
D


3
3
1*160
160
Q
Q
=
=




Clculo de Q
4

A E
B
C
D
C'


( )
4
4
tan 0.4
1* 3124 0.4*2000
3924
a
Q
Q
o = =
=
=


Clculo de Q
5


A E
B
C
D


5
5
1*5460
5460
Q
Q
=
=




Clculo de Q
6

A E
B
C
D
C'
D'



6
6
2000 3000
5000
Q
Q
=
=


Clculo de Q
7

A E
B
C
D

7
7
1*5000
5000
Q
Q
=
=







b) Vector Q

1000
6876
160
3924
5460
5000
5000
Q
| |
|

|
|
|
=
|
|
|

|
|
\ .


c) Problema Primario
A E
B
C
1000 k
1500 k
1000 k-m
1500 k
2500 k
4500 k-m
2000 k
D
3500 k
5000 k-m
3000 k
R2
R3
R1
R4
R5
R6
R7

d) Problema Complementario
160
1000
6876
5460
3924
5000
5000


EJERCICIO N 06

A E
B
6000 k
1000 k-m
A0
I0
A0
I0
I0
A =
I0
A =
C
D
B
1000 k/m

Solucin
a) Sistema de coordenadas Q q
D 3
1
2
6
4
5
9
7
8



b) Problema Primario
A E
B
6000 k
1000 k-m
C
D
B
1000 k/m
R2
R5
R8
R1
R4
R7
R3
R6
R9


Equilibrio de juntas
B
6000 k
C
198.6
1536
4879.5
198.6
1120.5
384
C
D
2500
2083.41
2083.41
2500
C
D
2500
2083.41
2083.41
2500
5000
5000(2/ 29)
5000(5/ 29)


4879.5
198.6
1536
1120.5
2301.4
1699.41
0
2500
2083.41
Q
(
(

(
(
(
(
(
=
(

(
(
(

(
(


c) Problema Complementario
1536
4879.5
198.6
1120.5
2301.4
2083.41
2500




EJERCICIO N 07

A D
C
B
2.5 T/m
3 T
A0
I0
A0
I0




Solucin
a) Sistema de coordenadas Q q
3
1
2
4










Clculo de Q
1

A D
B
C
A0
I0
B'
3/4
37
37
C'

1 1
3
1*(0) 5*( ) : 3.75
4
Q Entonce Q = =

Clculo de Q
2

A D
B
C
B'

1 1
5*(1) 5*(1) : 10 Q Entonce Q = =










Clculo de Q
3

A D
B
C
5
53


3 1
25
33.3*(1) 5*( ) 33.3*(1) : 31.25
4
Q Entonce Q = =
Clculo de Q
4

A D
B
C
37

3 1
3
3*(1) 5*( ) : 6.75
4
Q Entonce Q = =


b) Vector Q

3.75
10
31.25
6.75
Q
(
(

(
=
(
(

c) Problema Primario
A D
C
B
2.5 T/m
3 T
R2
R1
R3
R4

d) Equilibrio de Elementos
10 6
8
3.33
3.33
5
5



e) Problema Complementario
3.33
5T
3T

EJERCICIO N 08

A0
I =
E G F
B C
A
D
1000 k
1500 k
2500 k-m
3000 k-m
2000 k
I0
A =
I0
A =
I0
A =
I0
A =
A0
I =


Solucin
a) Sistema de coordenadas Q q
1 2
4
3







Clculo de Q
1

E G F
B C
A
D
B'

Kg Q 1000
1
=

Clculo de Q
2

E G F
B C
A
D
C'

0
2
= Q







Clculo de Q
3

E G F
B C
A
D
A'


Kg Q 1500
3
=

Clculo de Q
4

E G F
B C
A
D D'


Kg Q 3000
4
=







b) Vector Q

(
(
(
(

=
3000
1500
00 . 0
1000
Q

c) Problema Primario
E G F
B C
A
D
1000 k
1500 k
2500 k-m
3000 k-m
2000 k
R4
R1
R2
R3

Equilibrio de elementos
E G F
B C
A
D
v
N2
N1
N1
N3
N3
B
C
N2
u u'
u+u'
5
u+u'
5
N5
N5
N4
N4
v'
v
+
v
' 5
v
+
v
' 5



Equilibrio de juntas
B
u+u'
5
N1
N2 1000 Kg
R1
u
Junta B
C
N3
2500 Kg-m
N4
N2
u'
u+u'
5
Junta C
R2


A
v
N4
v
+
v
'

5
A
1500 k
3000 k-m
R4
R3
Junta A
D
N5
v'
v
+
v
'

5
2000 k
Junta D

(
(
(
(

=
3000
1500
00 . 0
1000
Q







d) Problema Complementario
1000 Kg
1500 Kg
3000 Kg-m

EJERCICIO N 09

1
0
0
0

k
1000 k
2000 k
A0
A0
A0
A0
A0 A0
A0
A
B
C
D
E


Solucin
e) Sistema de coordenadas Q q
1
2
3 4
5

Clculo de Q
1

A
B
C
D
E
A'

Kg Q
Q
11 . 707
45 cos * 1000
1
1
=
=












Clculo de Q
2

A
B
C
D
E
A'

Kg Q
sen Q
11 . 707
45 * 1000
2
2
=
=


Clculo de Q
3

A
B
C
D
E
C'


Kg Q 2000
3
=




Clculo de Q
4

A
B
C
D
E
D'


0
4
= Q


Clculo de Q
5

A
B
C
D
E
D'


Kg Q 1000
5
=

f) Vector Q

(
(
(
(
(
(

=
1000
00 . 0
2000
11 . 707
11 . 707
Q


g) Problema Primario
1
0
0
0

k
1000 k
2000 k
A
B
C
D
E
R2
R1
R3
R5
R4

Equilibrio de elementos
A
C
A
D C
D
D
A
E
B
A B
D E
u
u'
q q'
p
p'
r r'
x y'
y
x'
v' v
u
+
u
'


5
p
+
p
'


5
q+q'
5
v+v'
5
u
+
u
'


5
p
+
p
'


5
q+q'
5
v+v'
5
r+r'
5
r+r'
5
x
+
x
'


5
x
+
x
'


5
y
+
y
'


5
y
+
y
'


5















Equilibrio de juntas
A
B
E
B
D
u
q
p
r
x
y'
p
+
p
'


5
q+q'
5
r+r'
5
x
+
x
'


5
y
+
y
'


5
u
+
u
'


5
2000 k
u
u
+
u
'


5
1
0
0
0
k
p
p
+
p
'


5
1000 k
q
q+q'
5
v
v+v'
5
r
r+r'
5
v
v+v'
5
x
x
+
x
'


5
y'
y
+
y
'


5
Junta A Junta B
Junta C
Junta D
Junta E

(
(
(
(
(
(

=
1000
00 . 0
2000
11 . 707
11 . 707
Q
h) Problema Complementario
2000 Kg
700.11 Kg
700.11 Kg
1000 Kg






EJERCICIO N 11

G H I
A
B
C
D
F
I0
A =
I0
A =
I0
A =
I0
A =
I0
A =
I0
A =
I0
A =
I0
A =
I0
A =
I0
A =
E
W
W1
Solucin
a) Sistema de coordenadas Q q
2
1
4
3
5 7
8
6


Problema Primario
G H I
A
B
C
D
F
E
W1
R2
R1
R4
R3
R5
R6
R7
R8
W


A
B
VA
W1
MA
VB
MB
C
1
VB
MB
MC

| |
2
1
4
.
12
A
M W = ;
| |
2
1
4
.
12
B
M W =
| |
2
1
6
.
12
B
M W = ;
| |
2
1
6
.
12
C
M W =
F
A
B
D
C
E
NA
ND
NB
NE
NC
NF

W
W
VD
MD
VE
ME
VF
MF
VE
ME
| |
2
4
.
12
D
M W = ;
| |
2
4
.
12
E
M W =
| |
2
6
.
12
E
M W = ;
| |
2
6
.
12
F
M W =


Equilibrio de juntas
A
VA
MA
R4
R3
NA
C
VC
MC
R8
NC

R6
NB
VB
MB VB
MB