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1

,r;nra;jpiaf; FWfpa ghh;itapy; Nehf;ff; $lhJ. vdJ Ntjj;jpd; ntspr;rj;jpy; gpwrka Ntjq;fs; tpsf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd Xh; ,];yhkpa mwpQh; $Wtjhff; fUjptplf; $lhJ. vy;yhr; rka Ntjq;fSk; me;je;jf; fhyq;fspy; gy;NtW ,iwj;J}jh;fs; %ykhf Xh; ,iwtdhy; toq;fg;gl;litNa vd;gij czh;eJ ; ek;gpdhy; cah;T jho;T vz;zj;jpw;F mwNt ,lkpy;iy. fhy Xl;lj;jpy; gy Ntjq;fSk; khw;wk; jphpGfSf;F Ml;gl;L tpl;ld. 1400 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dh; ,iwtdhy; toq;fg;gl;l ,Wjpj; jpUNtjk; my;Fh;Md; jphpGfSf;F cl;gltpy;iy vd;gij vy;yh rka mwpQh;fSk; Vw;Wf; nfhz;Ls;sdh; vd;gJ Mrphpah; fUj;J. ,Wjpj; jpUNtjj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; Ke;jpa ,iwNtjq;fs; Mag;gl;Lg; nghUj;jkhd KbTfs; vLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gNj Mrphpahpd; nghUj;jkhd tpUg;gkhFk; (gf;-158-159) ,e;J-K];ypk; ,izg;Gg; ghyk; vd;gJ ,e;E}ypd; xU Jizj; jiyg;G (gf;34) ,e;Jg; ngUq;Fb kf;fs; ,t;Tyfpd; Kjy; \hPmj;ijf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU $l;lk;. K];ypk;fs; ,Wjp \hPmj;ijf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; $l;lj;jhh;. ,U $l;lj;jhUNk ,e;jpahtpy; ,ize;J thOfpd;wdh;. ,t;tpU rKjha kf;fSk; ,ize;Jk; ,iae;Jk; jq;fsJ %y xUikg;ghl;il czh;e;J tho;tJ ,e;jpahtpw;Fk; cyfj;jpw;Fk; eyk; tpisf;fpd;w ew;nra;jpahFk;. ,J VNjh xU khh;f;f mwpQhpd; fw;gid vd;Nwh fdT vd;Nwh fUjpl Ntz;lhk;. E}y; KOikAk; ,U rKjhaj;jpw;Fk; cs;s xUikg;ghLfis tpsf;fp ,uz;L rKjhaq;fSk; ifNfhh;j;Jf; nfhs;tJ fhyj;jpd; fl;lhak; vd;gJ mwpQhpd; fUj;J. ,d;iwa R+o;epiyapy; ,r;nra;jp gfw; fdNt vd;gJ Nghyj; Njhd;wyhk;. tpUg;G ntWg;gpd;wp E}iyg; gbj;J Kbf;fpd;w ahUk; ,f;fdT edthf khwf;$Lk; vd;Nw fUJth;. ,U rKjha ,izg;Gk; elg;gJ ,iw ehl;lk; vdTk; mJTk; `p[;hp 15 k; E}w;whz;bNyNa ele;J tpLk; vdTk; Mrphpah; ek;Gfpwhh;. (gf;-208) MfNt ,U rKjha kf;fSf;Fk; cwf;fk; NghJk;. tpopj;J tPW nfhz;L vOq;fs;. ,iwtd; ehbdhy; ntw;wp epr;rak; vd E}yhrphpah; miog;G tpLf;fpd;whh;. nghUSk; nghUj;jKk; kpf;f mwpTg;G+h;tkhd ,e;j mUikahd miog;Gf;Fr; nrtprha;j;J nray;gl Ntz;ba flikAk; nghWg;Gk; ,U rKjha mwpQh;fSf;Fk; kf;fSf;Fk; chpadthFk;. ,e;j miog;ig ePah? ehdh? vd;DilaJ rpwe;jjh? cd;DilaJ rpwe;jjh? vd;w mbg;gilapy; mZff; $lhJ. cyf kf;fs; midtiuAk; gilj;j Xhpiwtd; me;je;jf; fhyq;fspy; toq;fpa jpU Ntjq;fisf; nfhzh;ej ; ,iwj; J}jh;fSf;fpilNa cah;T jho;T ,y;iy vd;w czh;Nt ,e;j miog;Gf;F typTk; nghypTk; Cl;Lk;. ,U rKjhaq;fspd; ey;ypzf;fj;jpw;F toptFf;Fk;.

E}yhrphpah; ,e;Jr; rka Ntjtpw;gd;dh;fs;> mwpQh; ngUkf;fs; MfpNahhpd; E}y;fspy; ,Ue;J jkJ fUj;Jf;F gf;fe;NjhWk; rhd;Wfs; je;J nry;tJ E}ypd; ek;gfj;jd;ikf;F ew;rhd;whFk;. m`;kJ> K`k;kj; vd;w nrhw;fspd; Ma;Tk;> Ntjq;fspy; K`k;kj; egp gw;wpa Ma;Tk;> itjPf Ntjq;fspy; Rth;f;fk; eufk; gw;wpa tpsf;fq;fSk;> xU ,ufrpak; ,ufrpakhfNt cs;sJ gw;wpa tpsf;fq;fSk; (gf; 174-177) ,J Nghd;w kpfg; gy Ma;TfSk; ,e;J rka Ntjq;fSf;Fk; ,];yhkpa Ntjj;jpw;Fk; cs;s xw;Wikfspd; cWjpia epiyepWj;Jfpd;wd. Afk; khwg; NghfpwJ(gf; 208) vdTk; ,iwtdpd; Mjhuq;fspd; gb ,U ngUQ; rKjhaq;fSk; ,iztJ ,f;fhyj;jpy epfog;NghfpwJ vdTk; mjw;Fhpa miog;ig Fh;Md; egpnkhopfspd;gb K];ypk;fs; tpiue;J nra;jhf Ntz;Lk; vdTk; E}yhrphpah; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;. Fh;Md;> egpnkhopfspd; gb miog;G tpLf;Fk; flg;ghL K];ypk;fSf;F chpaJ. jk;NkhL cld;thOk; rNfhju rKjhaj;jhh; fhy nts;sj;jpy; njhiye;J tpl;lij ,Wjp kiwapd; ntspr;rj;jpy; njspT gLj;j Ntz;ba nghWg;G K];ypk;fSilaJ vd;w fUj;ijAk; E}yhrphpah; mOj;jkhf tpsf;Ffpd;whh;. E}yhrphpah; ,e;Jr; rka Ntj Guhz E}y;fspy ngw;wpUf;Fk; Gyik tpag;igj; jUfpwJ. gy rkaq;fsJ Mfkq;fspYk; njspthd Gyikia mwpQh; ngUkf;fs; ngWtNj kdpj Neaj;ijAk; r%f ey;ypzf;fj;ijAk; tsh;f;Fk; vd;w cz;ikf;F Mrphpah; rhd;whf tpsq;Ffpd;whh;. ,U rKjha mwpQh;fSk;> kf;fSk; ,e;E}iyf; ,zf;fj;jpw;Fj; Jiz epw;f ,iwaUs; ghypf;Fkhf. fw;W rKjha md;Gld;> Nguh. lhf;lh; K. mg;Jy; fwPk;> jpz;Lf;fy;. mzpe;Jiu midj;Jg; GfOk; my;yh`;Tf;Nf! m&gj;ij m&gkhfNt ghh;f;fpw ghh;itf;Fk; m&gj;ij NgjKs;s cUtq;fspy; ghh;f;fpw ghh;itf;Fk; ghykhf mikfpw ,e;E}y; rpe;jidiaj; J}z;lf; $ba ve;E}Yk; rpwe;jNj vd;w ,yf;fzj;jpw;F rhd;whf mikfpwJ. ,e;j ghyj;ij jdJ Mo;e;j Qhdj;jhYk;> tphpe;j kdjhYk; cUthf;fp ,Uf;fpwhh; ,jd; Mrphpah; vg;.vk;. ,g;uh`Pk; ug;ghdp mth;fs;. ,e;E}iy gyKiw gbj;J kfpo;e;Njd;. gyUk; gydile;J kfpo Ntz;Lk; vd;gNj ,e;j mzpe;Jiuapd; Nehf;fk;. me;E}iy urpg;gjw;F jpUf;Fh;Md;> fPij> Ntjk;> ghftjk;> iggps; Nghd;w kiw E}y;fisg; gw;wpa Mo;e;j Qhdk; mtrpakpy;iy> khwhf mit
3

midj;Jk; Nghw;WtJ xNu ,iwtidj;jhd; vd;w vspa> mfd;w Qhdk; NghJkhdJ. rpe;jpj;J njspT ngWtjw;fhd thrfq;fs; ,e;E}ypy; Vuhsk;. mitfspy; rpy: ,e;Jf;fs; E}`; egpapd; $l;lj;jhuhFk; Vf ,iwtid gyf; $l;lj;jhUk;> kjthjpfSk; my;yh`;> gfthd;> <];th;> Fjh> fhl; vdg; gy ngah;fisf; nfhz;L miof;fpd;wdh; ,e;J mwpQh;fs; jkJ ghku kf;fis Ntjj;jpypUe;J KOikahf ntl;b tpl;Ls;sdh;. ,th;fs; kl;Lk; Ntjj;ij tpl;Lk; ntl;b tplg;glhJ ,Ue;jpUg;ghh;fNsahapd; fzf;fpy;yhj topNfLfs; mfd;wpUf;Fk; ,t;thNw =uhkd;> =fpU\;zd; Fwpj;j tuyhw;W Mjhunkd;gJk; ,y;iy. ,d;iwa mwptpd; tsh;;r;rp vg;NghJk; ,y;yhj msTf;F kpf mjpfkhd Ntfk; nfhz;bUg;gjhy; ,d;iwa mwptpay; tsh;r;rpf;Fj; jf;fthWs;s tphpTiufs; cUthf;fg;glhJ Nghdhy; Fh;Md; jw;fhyj;jpw;Fg; nghUe;jhJ vd;Dk; Fw;wr;rhl;Lf;F ,yf;fhfptpLk; mghak; te;J Nrh;e;J tpLk;. ,e;Jf;fSf;F mth;fspd; gioa khh;f;fj;ijAk; mth;fs; njhiyj;J tpl;l mth;fspd; Ntjj;jpypUe;Nj NjbnaLj;J ehk; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,jpy; vf;fhuzk; nfhz;Lk; kjkhw;wk; vd;gij ehk; ifapy; vLf;ff; $lhJ. jhd; rhh;e;j kjj;ijg; gw;wpAk;> gpw kjq;fisg; gw;wpAk; nfhz;bUe;j fUj;Jf;fis kWghPryid nra;J fw;gidahd> fitf;Fjthj fUj;Jf;fis tbfl;lTk;> mwpTg;G+h;tkhd> jh;f;fhPjpahd fUj;Jf;fSf;F gbgl;lTk; ,e;E}y; top nra;fpwJ. ,iwik> kWik> Neh;ik gw;wp NgRfpw midj;J kiwE}y;fSk; kjpf;fg;gl Ntz;baitfNs. ,];yhkpahpd; jpUf;Fh;MDk; ,e;Jf;fspd; NtjKk; ntt;NtW my;y. xNu topj;jlj;jpd; ntt;NtW epiyfNs mitfs;. ky;ypifg;G+it ve;jg; ngahpl;L mioj;jhnyd;d! mJ kzf;fj;jhNd nra;Ak;. kdpj Fy rj;jpaq;fspd; njhFg;ig fPij vd;Wk;> Fh;Md; vd;Wk; Ntjq;fs; vd;Wk; ve;jg; ngahpl;L mioj;jhnyd;d! nkhope;j fhyk;jhd; tpj;jpahrNk jtpu nkhopag;gl;l rj;jpak; rj;jpak;jhNd! kdpj Fyj;ij nkd;NkYk; newpg;gLj;Jk; mitfspd; Nehf;fKk; Xd;WjhNd! Fh;Mdpd; rhaiy Ntjj;jpYk;> Ntjj;jpd; rhaiy Fh;MdpYk; fhzyhk;. mt;thW fhz;gNj mwptpd; KOik. mJNt mikjpf;F mbj;jsk; vDk; rpwe;j cah;e;j fUj;ij typAWj;Jfpw ,e;E}iy vj;jid Kiw
4

gbj;jhYk; jFk;. <];th; my;yh NjNu ehk; vd;Wiuj;j kfhj;khtpd; clypy gha;e;j Fz;Lfis mfw;wp mtiu caph;j;njor; nra;fpwJ ,e;E}y;. midj;J kiwE}y;fspYk; CLUTk; xw;Wikia cw;Wg; ghh;j;jhy; mitfspy ehk; fw;gpj;j Ntw;Wikfs; rpd;dQ;rpwpajhfp kiwe;JtpLk;. Mdhy; mitfspy; mq;nfhd;Wk;> ,q;nfhd;Wkhf ,Uf;Fk; Ntw;Wikia nghpJgLj;Jk;NghJ xw;Wik xope;J kiwe;J rpf;fy;fs; ngUfptpLk;. Fh;Md;> fPij> hpf;Ntjk; Nghd;w kiwE}yfspd; ghh;itapYs;s xw;Wikia> jf;f rhd;Wld;> vy;NyhUk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;tz;zk; Mrphpah; ,q;F epWtpapUg;gJ ghuhl;lj;jf;fjhFk;. xw;Wikg;gLj;Jfpw ghh;it mq;nfhd;Wk; ,q;nfhd;Wkhf mj;jpg;G+j;jhw;Nghy; te;jhYk;> me;j ghh;itjhd; cyfkf;fs; midtiuAk; mutizj;Jr; nry;fpwJ. Bonds that unite us are stronger than the barriers that divide us vd;ghh;fs;. kdpjh;fSf;fpilNa ,ioA+Lfpd;w xNu ,iwapd; Qhdj;ij czh;j;jp> ehkhf ekJ kaf;fj;jpy; fw;gpj;j NtWghLfis mfw;wp gpsTgl;l kdpjh;fis kWgbAk; gpizf;fpd;w ,e;E}y; kdpjFy mikjpf;F mbj;jskhfTk; mr;rhukhfTk; mikfpwJ. ,d;iwa fhyfl;lj;jpy; gy;fiyf;fofq;fSk; fy;Y}hpAk; juNtz;ba> Mdhy; juhj ,e;j xw;Wikg; ghh;itia vg;gbahtJ vy;NyhUf;Fk; nfhLj;Jtpl Ntz;Lk; vd;w ,e;E}yhrphpahpd; Mh;tk; Nghw;WjYf;FhpaJ. cs;sij czh;e;J> me;j czh;tpd; %yk; my;yij tpLj;J ey;yijNa nra;Ak; ty;yikiaj; jUfpd;w ,e;E}y; xt;nthU ,y;yj;jpy; kl;Lkpd;wp xt;nthU cs;sj;jpYk; ,Uf;f Ntz;banjhd;whFk;. <];th; my;yh NjNu ehk; tho;f tsKld;. Kidth;. Nfh. mofh; uhkhD[k; Kd;dhs; Kjy;th; vd;.[p;vk;. fy;Y}hp> nghs;shr;rp> nrayh;> mwpQh;FO> Mopahh;. tho;j;Jiu vy;yhg; GfOk; ,iwtDf;Nf. ,e;jg; gpwtpapd; Nehf;fk; ,iwtid czh;tjw;F vd;Nw gilf;fg;gl;l jj;JtkhFk;. mJNt tho;f;if rhPu
5

Nehf;fkhFk;. mt;tifapy; ,d;Dkh cwf;fk;? vd;Dk; ,e;E}yhdJ ,iwtid czh;tjw;F Vw;w tifapy; tpsf;fkhf mike;Js;sJ. ,e;j E}iy njhFg;gjw;F fUtpahf jpU vg;.vk;. ,g;wh`pk; ug;ghdp mth;fis ,iwtd; Njh;en ; jLj;jNj rhpahd Njh;thFk;. mNjrkak; ,iwtDf;F kp;fTk; gpbj;jkhdJ> Ngjfkpy;yhky; ,Ug;gJ> me;j Ngjfj;jpypUe;J tpLgLtJ ,iwtdpd; kpfg;nghpa fUizahFk;. me;j tifapy; ,e;j E}yhdJ tUk; fhyj;jpy; kf;fSf;F ,iwtid Nrh;ej ; pl ghykhf> nghJkiw E}yha; gyUf;F jpUf;Fh;Midg; Nghy tpsq;f Ntz;Lk;. nkYk; ,e;E}ypy; rpwg;Gw ,uz;L kjq;fisAk; Ma;T nra;jpUg;gJ rpwg;ghf cs;sJ. clypy; re;jpuf; fiyapYk; R+hpa fiyapYk; Rthrk; vg;gb ,aq;FfpwNjh mNj tifapy; Rthrkhfpa ,iwtid> re;jpu fiyahf ,];yhKk; R+hpa fiyahf ,e;Jj;JtKk;> re;jpu fiyahf jpUf;Fh;MidAk;> R+hpa fiyahf rJh; Ntjq;fisAk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.vg;nghOJk; ve;jnthU ,af;fj;jpw;Fk; fh;j;jh> fUtp> fhuzk; ,iwtd; xUtNd. me;j tifapy; ,f;fhyj;jpy; ,e;E}yhrphpah; jpU vg;.vk;. ,g;uh`pk; ug;ghdp mth;fSf;F ,iwtd; mUspaJ kpfg;nghpa ghf;fpakhFk;. Vnddpy; fhyk; fhykha; ,iwtdhy; gpd;dg;gl;l ehlfj;jpy; JNt\j;Jld; kjk; vd;Dk; kjj;Jld; kf;fis topelj;jpa ,iwtd; ,d;W ,U kjq;fSk; rq;fkk; Mtjw;F tpUg;gg;gl;L ,e;E}iy njhFf;fpd;w ghf;fpaj;ij mUspAs;shd;. xt;nthU kdpj [PtDk; ,e;E}iy kdk; xd;wp gbj;Jg; gad; ngwTk; kdpj rKjhak; Xuzpapy; rq;fkk; Mtjw;Fk; ,iwtd; mUs; Ghpal;Lk;. ,iwtd; ve;j Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf ,e;j tho;f;if rf;fuj;ij mikj;jhNdh me;j Nehf;fj;ij gpujpgypf;ff; $ba tifapy; Mrphpahpd; Nehf;fKk; ,Ug;gJ epiwtha; cs;sJ. Mf tUk; fhyq;fspy; kdpj rKjhak; Ngjkpy;yhJ md;Gld;> jh;k newpAld;> Qhd jhfj;Jld; ,iwtNdhL xd;wpl ,e;j rhPuj;jpy; ,iwtdhy; nfhLf;fg;gl;l gzpia ,iwtDf;F mh;gg ; zpj;J KOtJkhf ruzhfjp mile;J ,iwtd; xUtNd vd;Dk; jj;Jtj;NjhL ,e;E}ypd; %yf;fUit czh;e;J xt;nthU kdpj [PtDk; rKj;jpukhfpa ,iwtNdhL rq;fkkhfp ,iwj;jj;Jtj;NjhL If;fpakhf Ntz;Lk;. jUgit vy;yhk; ,iwtDf;Nf vg;nghOJk; vy;yhg; GfOk; ,iwtDf;Nf! kdpj Neaj;Jld;> =Rf ];th;z gpuzt; =Rjh;]d rf;fugPlk;>
6

Rftdk;> Midkiy to Nfhl;^h; NuhL> njd;rq;fk; ghisak;> nghs;shr;rp. 9-6-2003. kjpg;Giu vq;fspd; gphpaj;jpw;Fk; khpahijf;FKhpa nksyhdh nksytp vg;.vk;. ,g;wh`Pk; ug;ghdp rh`pg; mth;fs; njhFj;Js;s ,d;Dkh cwf;fk;? vd;Dk; E}iy gbf;Fk; tha;g;G fpilj;jjpy; kfpo;r;rp milfpNwd;. ,e;j E}iy KOikahf gbj;J Kbf;Fk; NghJ me;j kfpo;r;rp gd;klq;fhf Mapw;W. Vnddpy; ,iwtd; vy;iyapy;yhg; gphpak; nfhz;bUf;Fk; jd;Dila Neruhd K`k;kj; K];jgh ]y;yy;yh`{ miy`p t]y;yk; mth;fis Nerpf;f> fz;zpag;gLj;j xU Gjpa $l;lj;ij cUthf;fg; Nghfpwhd; vd;gJk;> me;jg; Gjpa $l;lk; ehk; thOk; ,e;jpahtpYs;s jpuhtplh;fSk;> Mhpah;fSk;jhd; vd;gij egpnkhopapd; %yk; ,e;E}yhrphpah; ep&gpj;J ,Ug;gJk; MFk;. me;j tifapy; ,iwtd; mUspa Kjy; \hPmj;ijf; nfhz;l E}`; egp miy`p];]yhk; mth;fspd; r%fj;jhuhfpa ,e;jg; ngUkf;fSf;F mth;fspd; NtjGuhz Mjhuq;fisf; nfhz;Nl mth;fspd; egpahfpa E}`; mth;fisAk;> epuh\;d];(GfOf;Fhpath;) Mfpa ,Wjp egp K`k;kj; K];jgh mth;fisAk;> filrp \hPmj;ijf; nfhz;l K`k;kj; egpapd; r%fj;ijr; rhh;e;j Mrphpah; xUNru mwpKfg;gLj;jp ,Ug;gJ mUikahf cs;sJ. NkYk; ,e;jg; ngUkf;fs; ek;gpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; fy;fp mtjhuk; vd;gJ K`k;kJ egp mth;fs;jhd; vd;W Vw;fdNt ,e;Jkj Ntjg; gz;bjh;fSk;> ,];yhkpa mwpQh;fSk; xg;Gf; nfhz;lJld;> jf;f rhd;WfSld; E}y;fSk; vOjp ntspapl;Ls;sdh;. ,d;Dkh cwf;fk;? E}ypd; %ykhf Mr;rhpakhd xU rpe;jidia Vw;gLj;jpaJld;. cyfpYs;s topKiwfspy; vy;yhk; vd;Dila topKiwNa rpwe;jJ vd;id mwpKfg;gLj;Jq;fs; vd;gJ Nghd;w egpnkhopfis nrayhf;fp ,Uf;fpwhh;. NkYk; Kd;nrd;w tuyhW> epfo;fhy epfo;Tfs;> vjph;fhy khw;wq;fs; vd Kf;fhyq;fisAk; myrp kdpjFy tuyhW> G+Nfhs mikg;G Nghd;witfisAk; Ma;T nra;J jpUf;Fh;Md;> egpnkhop kw;Wk; ,.e;Jkj Ntj Guhzq;fspd; rhd;WfSld; tpsf;fpapUg;gJ Mrphpahpd; fy;tp Qhdj;ijAk;> rpe;jidNahl;lj;ijAk; glk;gpbj;Jf; fhl;LfpwJ.
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,e;Jg; ngUkf;fs; ek;gpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; kWgpwtp vd;gJ ,y;iynad;gJ mth;fspd; hpf; Ntjj;ijf; nfhz;Nl Mjhug;gLj;jpaJld;> me;j ek;gpf;if vg;gb cUthfp ,Uf;Fk; vd;w Mrphpahpd; tpsf;fKk; ,e;Jg; ngUkf;fs; rpe;jidapy; nfhs;s Ntz;bat p\akhFk;. NkYk; ,iwtidAk;> kWikehisAk; epidj;J njhOif> Nehd;G> `[; Nghd;witfis epiwNtw;wpdhy; NghJnkd;Dk; kaf;fj;jpy; tho;e;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,];yhkpah;fSf;Fk;> ve;j kjkhf ,Ue;jhYk; ,iwtdplk; ruzhfjp mile;J jpahdpj;jhy; ,iwaUis ngw;Wtplyhk; vd;W ek;gpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,e;Jg; ngUkf;fSf;Fk; Mrphpah; ,e;E}ypd; %ykhf ,Wjpj; J}jUk;> mfpy cyfq;fSf;Fk; rf;futh;j;jpahd K`k;kj; K];jgh ]y;yy;yh`{ miy`p t]y;yk; mth;fspd; fUizAk; MjuTk;jhd; <Nlw;wk; mila itf;Fk; vd;gij ,e;Jkj Ntjr; rhd;Wld; tpsf;fpapUg;gJk; mUik. ,e;j E}ypd; %ykhf Mrphpah; ntspg;gLj;jp ,Uf;Fk; tpUg;gKk;> Nehf;fKk; epiwNtWkh? vd;W Nahrpj;jhy; jpUf;Fh;Md;> egpnkhopfspd; Qhdj;Jld; cyf epfo;Tfis mJTk; Fwpg;ghf ,e;jpahtpy;epfOk; midj;J Md;kPf murpay; epfo;TfisAk; $h;eJ ; ftdpj;J rpe;jpj;Jg; ghh;j;jhy; epr;rakhf Mrphpah; vjph;ghh;f;Fk; khw;wq;fs; epfOk; vd;W cWjpahf ek;gyhk;. cykhf;fs; egpkhh;fspd; thhpRfs; vd;gjw;F cjhuzkhfj; jpfOk; Mrphpah; vg;.vk;.,g;wh`Pk; ug;ghdp rh`pg; mth;fspd; ,t;thpa Kaw;rpia vy;yhk; ty;y ,iwtDk;> mtdpd; gphpaj;jpw;Fhpa ,Wjpj; J}jh; K`k;kj; K];jgh ]y;yy;yh`{ miy`p t]y;yKk; mq;fPfhpf;f Ntz;Lk;. Mrphpahpd; MAis ePbj;J ,d;Dk; ,JNghd;w gy E}y;fis mth; %ykhf ,iwtd; ntspf; nfhzu Ntz;Lk; vd;w gpuhh;j;jidNahL Kbf;fpNwd;. K.Kdt;th; gh\h B.A., nlypfpuhg; kh];lh;> je;jp mYtyfk;> ghuj; rQ;rhh; epfhk; ypkpnll;> nghs;shr;rp-642001 12-6-2003. vd;Diu vijf; nfhz;L ,g;gpugQ;rk; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lNjh> vJ ,g;gpugQ;rj;ijAk; ,jpYs;s vy;yh [PtuhrpfisAk; ul;rpj;Jg; ghJfhj;;J ghpghypj;J tUfpwNjh mjw;Nf vy;yhg; GfOk; chpj;jhFf. mJjhd; vy;yhtw;Wf;Fk; %yhjhuk;. mijf; nfhz;L jhd; rh;tKk; ,aq;fpf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. mJ cz;ikfSf;Fk; cjhuzq;fSf;Fk; mg;ghw;gl;lJ. mijf; fhyNkh vy;iyNah fl;Lg;gLj;j KbahJ. Vnddpy; mJjhd; fhyj;ijAk;
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vy;iyfisAk; tbtikj;jJ. mij ve;jnthU nghUSk; gilf;fNth gpwf;f itf;fNth ,y;iy vd;gJjhd; Kbthd jPh;khdk;. Vnddpy; mJjhd; vy;yhtw;iwAk; gilj;Jg; gpwf;fr; nra;jJ. vdNt mij ahUk; gilf;ftpy;iy. vijf; nfhz;Lk; mJ gpwf;f itf;fg;glTkpy;iy. mij Ghpe;J nfhs;tjw;fhfj;jhd; rpU\;bg; nghUl;fspy; cd;djkhd gilg;ghf kdpjd; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lhd;. ,d;Dk; me;j rpU\;bfh;j;jh mtid jdJ gz;gpy; mjw;fhfNt Njhw;Wtpj;jJ. mj;Jld; mij Ghpe;J nfhs;tjw;fhfNt kdpjdhfpa mtDf;Fs; gFj;J mwpaf; $ba mwpitAk; mJ Njhw;Wtpj;jJ. ,j;jidf;Fg; gpwFk; mJ jd;id jd;idad;wp NtW ahuhYk; Ghpe;J nfhs;s KbahJ vd;gjhy; jdJ mDf;fpu`j;ij mk;kdpj ,dj;jpy; rpyiu Njh;e;njLj;J mth;fSf;F mij ntFkjpahfj; je;J mth;fis jdJ J}jh;fs; vd;Dk; ngahpy; ,g;G+kpapy; ntspg;gLj;jpw;W. ntspte;j mj;J}jh;fs; mij <y; vd;Wk;> <ypah vd;Wk;> ,yh`; vd;Wk; my;yh`; vd;Wk;> <];th; vd;Wk;> guk;nghUs; vd;Wk;> flTs; vd;Wk;> ,iwtd; vd;Wk;> fhl; vd;Wk; mioj;Jf; fhl;bj; je;jdh;. mth;fs; mg;guk;nghUisf; fhl;bj; jUk; fz;zhbahf ,g;G+kpapy; gpufhrpj;jdh;. mth;fisf; nfhz;Ljhd; kdpj ,dj;jhhpilNa rkak;> khh;f;fk;> kjk; vd;gitfnsy;yhk; Njhd;wpd. Mjyhy; ,d;W ,g;G+kpapy; vj;jid rkaq;fs;> khh;f;fq;fs;> kjq;fs; ghh;f;fg;gLfpwNjh mitaidj;Jk; gpd;dhy; xU jPh;f;fjhprp vd;Dk; jpUj;J}jh; epd;W nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;. ve;jnthU khh;f;fKk;> kjKk;> rkaKk; mf;flTspd; jPh;f;fjhprpahd jpUj;J}jhpd;wp kdpj mwptpy; Njhd;wpa my;;yJ tpise;j xd;wy;y vd;gijj; jpz;zkhf nrhy;yyhk;. ,t;thW ,iwtdhy; mtdJ rpU\;bg; nghUl;fs; kPJ nra;ag;gl;l me;j mDf;fpu`j;ij jhd; ,];yhkpa rkathjpfs; ,iwtd; Kjd; Kjy; m`;kij Njhw;Wtpj;jhd; vdf; $Wtjd; %yk; me;j mDf;fpu`j;ij m`;kj; K`k;kj; vd;Dk; jpUehkj;ijf; nfhz;L mioj;J tUfpd;wdh;. ,Nj mDf;fpu`j;ijjhd; ,e;Jr; rkathjpfs; m`k;kj; mf;dP epuh\;d]; vd;Dk; ngauhy; mioj;J tUfpd;wdh;. gpd;Dk; ,e;j mDf;fpu`k; Kjd;Kjy;> Kjy; rpU\;bg; nghUshf ,iwtdpypUe;J ntspg;gl;lNjhL ,Jjhd; vy;yh ,iwj;J}jh;fspYk; ntspahapw;W. mjd;gpd; ,Jjhd; ,g;G+kpapy; ,Wjpapy; K`k;kj; vd;Dk; ngahpYk; Njhd;wpw;W. Mjyhy; ,e;j K`k;kj; vd;Dk; mDf;fpu`j;jpd; kPJk;> ,ijg; gpd;gw;wpath;fs; kPJk;> ,jDila Gfiog; ghbath;fs; kPJk;> ,J Njhd;wpa Fyj;jhh; kPJk;> ,jw;F topg;gl;L ,jd;Kd; rh\;lhq;fkhf jk;ik xg;Gf; nfhLj;jth;fs; kPJk; ,iwtdpd; NguUSk; rhe;jpAk; rkhjhdKk; rjhfhyKk; Rue;J nghoptjhf!

mfpyj;jpd; mjpgjpahd guk;nghUshfpa ,iwtid Ghpe;J topg;gLtjpy; topfhl;lg;gl;l kdpjh;fs;> topfhl;l te;j J}jh;fisAk;> topfhl;lg;gl;l ,iwtidAk; Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk; tp\aj;jpy; jtwpioj;jjd; tpisNt rkaq;fSf;Fs; jtwhd mZFKiwfs; Njhd;wpm it fhyg; Nghf;fpy; jtwhd eilKiwf;F toptFj;jd. Mk;. ,d;W xt;nthU rkaj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dhYk; xU J}jh; kiwe;jpUf;fpwhh; vd;gNj vjhh;j;jkhd cz;ikahFk;. mLj;J Ghpe;J nfhs;sypy; Vw;gl;l NfhshWfis> FsWgbfis mfw;wp kdpj ,dj;ij kPz;Lk; xUq;fpizf;f mg;guk;nghUs; vd;Dk; ,iwtdhy; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l xU Vw;ghLjhd; J}jh; ngUkf;fspd; ntspj;Njhw;wj;ij fhuzkhf;fp gphpe;J Ngha;tpl;l kdpjh;fis kPz;Lk; mj;J}jUf;Fs; nrayhw;wpf; nfhz;bUe;j me;j mDf;fpu`j;ijf; nfhz;L jpUk;gTk; xUq;fpizf;fpd;w xU Vw;ghlhFk;. mjdhy;jhd; ,g;G+kpf;F tUif je;j xt;nthU J}jUk; me;j mDf;fpu`j;ijg; gw;wpa nra;jpia jkJ r%fj;jhUf;Fj; je;J nrd;wjhFk;. ,q;Nf ,d;ndhd;Wk; kdpj mwpthy; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;sg;gl;lhf Ntz;Lk;. mJ> xt;nthU J}jUk; jkJ r%fj;jhUf;Fj; je;J nrd;w khh;f;fk; vd;gJ ntt;Ntwhd ek;gpf;ifiaf; nfhz;l khh;f;fky;y. khwhf xNu khjphpahd ek;gpf;ifiaf; nfhz;l khh;f;fj;ijj;jhd; vy;yh J}jh;fSk; jkJ r%fj;jhUf;Fj; je;J nrd;whh;fs;. Mk;. ,iwtidf; Fwpj;j ek;gpf;ifapy; mtd; xUtd; vd;Wk;> cUtkw;wtd; vd;Wk;> <L ,izapy;yhjtd; vd;Wk;> mtid ahUk; ngw;W vLf;ftpy;iy vd;Wk;> mtd; ahuhYk; ngwg;gltpy;iy vd;Wk;> fhzg;gLk; vy;yhtw;wpYk; mtd;jhd; gpufhrpf;fpwhd; vd;Wk;> mtd; xNunahU nghUSf;Fs; Klf;fg;Lk; NghJ kw;witfspy; mtd; gpufhrpf;fj; jFjpaw;wtd; vd;Dk; epiy Njhd;wp tpLtjhy; mijj; jtwhd ek;gpf;ifnad;Wk; typAWj;jg;gl;lJ. Mdhy; fhy khw;wj;jhYk;> Ngrg;gLk; nkhopfspd; jphpGfshYk; Ghpe;J nfhs;sypy; Vw;gl;l NfhshWfshYk; mtd; xt;nthU r%fj;jhhpilNaAk; ntt;Ntwhdtdhf fUjg;gl;L gy E}W Jz;Lfshf ,d;W fhl;rpaspf;fpwhd; vd;gJ ,g;NghJ ,g;G+kpapy; ghh;f;fg;gLk; Xh; vjhh;j;jkhd cz;ikahFk;. mjdhy;jhd; mg;guk;nghUs; jdJ J}jh; ngUkf;fspd; thapyhf jdJ mDf;fpu`k; vd;Dk; m`;kijf; nfhz;L kPz;Lk; kdpj ,dj;ij xUq;fpizf;fpd;w fhhpaj;ij ,g;NghJ nra;aj; Jtq;fpAs;sJ. mjw;Fhpa Kjy; Kaw;rpjhd; ,g;NghJ ,r;rpwpatdpd; thapyhf ,];yhk;(mikjp) vd;gJjhd; kdpjdpd; m]y; khh;f;fk; vd;gijAk;> vy;yh J}jh; ngUkf;fSk; kdpj ,dj;jpw;F Nghjpj;jJ mijj;jhd; vd;gijAk;> Ntjq;fs; midj;Jk; mg;guk;nghUspd; thf;Ffs;jhd; vd;gijAk;> Kbtpy; kdpj vz;zj;jpy; tpise;j ve;j khh;f;fKk; ,g;G+kpapy; epy;yhJ ,];yhk; kl;Lk;jhd; ,g;G+kpapd; khh;f;fkhf mikAk; vd;gijAk;> tpsf;fg;gLj;Jk; ,t;thpa E}iy cq;fspd; ghh;itf;Ff; nfhz;L te;Js;sJ.

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,e;E}y; ve;jnthU rkathjpapd; rkaj;ijAk; fsq;fg;gLj;JtNjh my;yJ Gz;gLj;JtNjh my;yJ ngha;ahf;FtNjh my;y vd;gij thrpg;Nghh; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mjw;F khwhf rkaq;fSf;Fs; fhy khw;wq;fshy; Vw;gl;Lg; Nghd NfhshWfis mfw;wp mitfspd; vjhh;j;jj;ij tpsf;fpf; fhl;LtNj ,e;E}Yila Nehf;fkhFk;. NkYk; ,e;E}iy ntspf; nfhz;L tUtjpy; ,r;rpwpNaDf;F Kjypy; Jiz epd;W jkJ mDf;fpu`j;ij vd;kPJ ms;spr; nrhhpe;j vd;id MSk; vdJ ,iwtDf;Fk;> vd;id ,jpy; rpe;jpf;fj; J}z;ba vdJ u]_yhd K`k;kj; K];jgh ]y;yy;yh`{ jMyh miy`p t]y;yk; mth;fSf;Fk;> vd;idAk; xU nghUl;lhf Vw;W vd; kPJ vdJ u]_Yila mNj mDf;fpu`j;ij ms;spr; nrhhpe;j vdJ caphpDk; Nkyhd vdJ guk;nghUspd; ntspg;ghl;Lj; Jiwahfpa vd;Dila i\F ehafk; mth;fSf;Fk;> ,e;E}iyg; gbj;J ,e;E}Yf;F kjpg;Giu kw;Wk; mzpe;Jiu toq;fpa midtUf;Fk;> ,e;E}y; ntsptu jkJ nghUshy; NgUjtp Ghpe;j [dhg; Kdt;th; gh\h ]h`pg;> [dhg; fyP:Yh; u`;khd; ]h`pg;> [dhg; K`k;kj; jh[{j;jPd; ]h`pg; mth;fSf;Fk; ,jd;ghy; ,t;ntspNadpd; vz;zj;ij J}z;ba midtUf;Fk; ehd; vdJ cskhh;ej ; ed;wpia fhzpf;ifahf;fpf; nfhs;fpNwd;. NkYk; ,e;E}iy gbj;Jg; gadilNthh; ,r;rpwpatd; kw;Wk; mtdJ ,y;yj;jhhpd; kWik tho;f;if rpwg;gilaTk;> ,iw ek;gpf;if kw;Wk; ey;Nyhiu kjpf;Fk; <khd; vd;Dk; <Nlw;wj;ij mile;J nfhs;sTk;> ,iwtdpd; mDf;fpu`khd m`;kjpd; ghpe;Jiuf;F chpatdhfp <Nlw;wk; ngwTk; gpuhh;j;jpf;FkhW kpfTk; jatha; Ntz;bf; nfhs;fpNwd;. mNjNeuk; ,e;j E}iy thrpg;gjpy; VNjDk; re;Njfk; Vw;gLkhapd; mij ,r;rpwpatDf;Fj; njhpag;gLj;JkhWk; gzpNthL Ntz;bf; nfhz;L ,JNghd;w ,d;Dk; gy Ma;T E}y;fs; ,r;rpwpatd; thapyhf ntsptuTk; gpuhh;j;jpf;FkhW Ntz;LfpNwd;. `p[;hp 1424 u[g; fp.gp. 2003 nrg;lk;gh; rpwpatd;> vg;.vk;. ,g;wh`Pk; ug;ghdp jpUr;rp. mj;jpahak; xd;W f/gh mtkjpf;fg;gLjy; cyf khe;jhpd; Kjy; fpg;yhthfpa igj;Jy; Kfj;j]; A+jh;fshy; ifg;gw;wg;gl;l NghJ epfo;ej ; mrk;ghtpjq;fisf; Fwpj;J nksyhdh i]aj; myp kpahd; vd;ghh; jdJ kdf;FKwiy vOj;J tbtpy; ,t;thW ntspg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.
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midj;J cyfpd;Kd; ,k;Nkhrkhd ntl;fpj; jiyFdptjw;Fhpa Njhy;ypAk;> ,opTk; Kbtpy; vt;thW Neh;e;jJ? ,j;jidf;Fk; New;Wtiu ,iwAjtpiag; ngw;W te;j epiy ,Ue;jjNjhL K/[p]hf;fs; vd;Dk; mw;Gjq;fSk; ntspg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jd. mj;Jld; tpz;zpypUe;J mth;fSf;fhf ghJfhg;Gg; gilfSk; ,wq;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jd. md;wpypUe;J ,d;Wtiu cyfpYs;s midj;J K];ypk;fSila fuq;fSk; tpz;iz Nehf;fp cah;j;jg;gl;L> ,iwth! ul;rfh!! vq;fSila Kjy; fpg;yhit vq;fSf;Fj; jpUg;gpj; jh!!! vd vt;tsNth kd;whb Ak; cah;e;j fuq;fs; ntWq;fuq;fshfNt ,d;Wtiu fhypahfNt jpUk;gpf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd. cz;ikapy; ,iwAjtp tUtnjd;gJ epd;Wjhd; Ngha;tpl;lJ. ntFfhykhfNt epiyikfs; kpftk; Nkhrkhfpf; nfhz;Ljhd; tUfpd;wd. vJtiu vdpy; kf;fhtpYs;s ,uz;lhtJ fpg;yhthfpa f/ghTk; mtkjpf;fg;gLtjw;jFhpa epiy Njhd;wptpl;lJ. Mk;! `p[;hp 1400 K`h;uk; gpiw xd;W> fp.gp. 1979 etk;gh; ,Ugjhk; ehs; md;W cyf khe;jh; midtUk; Fog;gq;fis tpistpj;J FUjpiaf; nfhl;LNthh; vd thdth;fshy; toq;fg;gl;l jPh;g;ig jf;fitj;Jf; nfhs;tijg; Nghd;w me;ehs;> K`k;kj; gpd; mg;Jy;yh`py; f`;jhdp vd;ghd; %yk; k`;jp vd;Dk; Njhw;wj;jpd; ngauhy; Jtq ;fpw;W. mjd;gpd; mLj;J te;j gjpide;J ehl;fSk; `p[;hp gjpide;jhk; E}w;whz;bd; Jtf;f fhyj;ij tuyhw;wpd; ,Uz;l fhykhfNt epiyngwr; nra;J tpl;lJ. gpwnfd;d? f/gh kdpj uj;jj;jhy; rptg;ghapw;W. f/ghtpd; Rth;fs; Jg;ghf;fpj; Njhl;lhf;fshy; ry;yilf; fz;zhfj; Jisf;fg;gl;lJ. mLj;J te;j gjpide;J ehl;fSk; njhOif> ghq;F> jthg;(tyk; tUjy;) Nghd;w vJTNk elf;fhky; f/gh %spahf;fg;gl;lJ. me;jg; gjpide;J ehl;fSk; cyf ,];yhkpauJ ghh;itfs; ,iwtDila ghJfhg;Gg; gilia vjph;ghh;j;J tpz;izNa Nehf;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jd. Mk;. ,jw;F Kd;Gk; tuyhw;wpy; mg;u`h vd;gtd; jdJ gilfisf; nfhz;L f/ghitj; jfh;f;f te;jNghJ kfj;Jtkpf;f ,iwtd; jdJ ,y;yj;ij ghJfhg;gjw;fhf mghgPy; vd;Dk; gilfis mDg;gp cjtpatd; ,g;NghJ cjtpf;F tutpy;iy. fhuzk; ,iwtdpd; ,dpa J}jh; Mapuj;J Mz;LfSf;F Kd;Ng> mt;tpy;yj;jpd; fhg;ghsh;fNs mijf; fsq;fg;gLj;Jk; fhhpaj;ij nra;th; vd;Wk;> mjd; nghUl;L mth;fis mth;fspd; Nghf;fpNyNa Nghftpl;L mth;fspd; m/khy; ehkhtp(gl;Nlhiyap)y; fUk;Gs;spfis epug;gpf; nfhs;th;. Mifahy; ,jd;%yk; cyf rhk;uh[;[paj;ij eph;tfpf;Fk; jFjpia mth;fs; ,oe;J tpLth; vd;Wk; $Wtij ehk; vz;zpg; ghh;f;f Ntz;Lk;. mLj;J mG+`{iuuh vd;Dk; egpj; Njhoh; jkJ egpiaf; nfhz;L mwptpf;fpd;wdh;> me;j kdpjd; `[;Uy; m];tJf;Fk; (Rtdj;jpypUe;J ,wf;fg;gl;l fy;)
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kfhNk ,g;wh`pKf;Fk;(,g;wh`pk; vd;Dk; ,iwj; J}jh; me;j Myaj;ij fl;baNghJ epd;w ,lk;) ,ilapy; itj;J thf;Fg; gpukhzk; thq;Fthd;. mjd;gpd; mt;tpy;yj;ij mtDila tPl;lhiuj; jtpu NtW ahUk; fsq;fg;gLj;j khl;lhhfs;;. mt;tpy;yk; fsq;fg;gLj;jg;gl;lgpd; mugpah; vg;NghJ mope;J Nghthh;fs; vd;gij vd;dplk; Nfl;fhjPh;fs; vd;W $Wfpd;wdh;. E}y;: ythkpTy; md;thh;> ghfk; 2> gf;fk; 122. ,jid mh;]fP vd;ghUk; jkJ jhhPNf kf;fh vd;Dk; E}ypy; Fwpj;Js;sdh;. ,t;thNw `hfpk; vd;ghh; ,jid ]`P`hd `jPn]d;W cWjpg;gLj;Jfpwhh;. NkYk; f/ghtpy; eilngw;w mg;gjpide;J ehl;fspd; me;j mrk;ghtpjk; Nkw;fz;l ,iwj;J}jhpd; mwptpg;ig cWjpg;gLj;Jk; tifapy; jd;id k`;jp vd;W thjpl;l mg; Nghyp kdpjh; `[;Uy; m];tj;Jf;Fk; kfhNk ,g;wh`pKf;fk; ,ilapy; itj;Jj;jhd; jd;idr; Nrh;e;Njhhplk; thf;Fg; gpukhzjk; thq;fpdhd; vd;gijf; nfhz;L cWjpahfpwJ. ,iwj;J}jhpd; ,d;ndhU mwptpg;igg; ghUq;fs;. mG+`{iwwh vd;Dk; egpj;Njhoh; jkJ egpiaf; nfhz;L mwptpf;fpwhh;. vdJ r%fj;jhh; Fiw\pfspYs;s jhpnfl;l thypgh;fspd; fuj;jhy; mopAk; E}y;: Gfhhp> Fog;gk; gw;wpa ghlk;. eilngw;w me;j mrk;ghtpjk; cz;ikia cilj;Jf; fhl;bw;W. Mk;. f/ghtpy; eilngw;w me;j mrk;ghtpjj;jpy; gq;Fngw;;w midtUNk thypgh;fshfTk;> ,UgJ taJf;F cl;gl;lth;fshfTk; jhdpUe;jdh;. ,J kl;Lky;y. cs;sj;ij ciwa itf;Fk; Nguoptpd; mr;rk;gtj;jpw;Fhpa KfTiuia epfo;j;jpatd; ahh; vd;gijAk; egpath;fspd; mwptpg;G R+hpaidg; Nghy ekf;F gpufhrkpl;Lf; fhl;LtijAk; ghUq;fs;. mjhtJ ; G+`{iuuh vd;Dk; egpj;Njhoh; jkJ egpiaf; nfhz;L mwptpf;fpwhh;> m cyfpd; mopTehs; tuhJ. vJtiunadpy; f`;j;jhdpypUe;J xU kdpjd; ntspahfp kdpjh;fisj; jdJ jbiaf; nfhz;L Ml;Ltpf;fhj tiu vd;W $Wfpd;wdh;. - E}y;: Gfhhp> f`;j;jhd; gw;wpa ghlk;. njhlUk; Ntjidfs; nksyhdh i]aj; myPkpahd; mth;fs; FKWtijg; Nghy cz;ikapy; ,iwtDila cjtp tUtJ epd;Wjhd; Ngha;tpl;lJ. ,J cyf ,];yhkpah;fis vr;rhpf;if nra;fpd;w xd;wpy;iyah vd;d? ,d;Dk; K`k;kj; egpath;fis tpRthrpj;jth;fspd; fuj;jhNyNa f/gh fsq;fg;Lj;jg;gl;lgpd;> mugpahpd; mopitf; Fwpj;j egpath;fspd; thh;j;ijia ehk; ek;GfpNwhk; vd;gJ cz;ikahdhy; ,J cyf muq;fpy; xU khngUk; khw;wj;ij epfo;j;jg; NghfpwJ vd;gij ehk; ,g;NghjhtJ
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czu Ntz;lhkh? mj;Jld; ,d;W cyf K];ypk;fspd; kPJ vd;d ele;J nfhz;bUf;fpwJ vd;gijg; ghUq;fs;. ,];yhkpah;fs; FiwthAs;s vz;zpf;if nfhz;l ehLfs; kl;Lky;y. ngUk;ghd;ikahf trpj;JtUk; ehLfspy; $l mth;fspd; tzf;f topghl;Lj; jyq;fs;> caph; kw;Wk; cilikfs;> khdk;> khpahij> murpay; r%f nghUshjhu tho;tpay; Nghd;w epiyfspYk; $l kpf kpfg;gpd;jq;fpa epiyapy;jhd; K];ypk;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wdh;. NkYk; kj;jpag; gpuNjrj;jpYs;s Nghghypy; Vw;gl;l tp\thAf; frptpd; ,og;Gfs;> [gy;G+h; kw;Wk; [hk;n\l;G+hpy; ele;JtUk; tFg;Gthj JNt\rj;jpd; Kbtpy;yhj Nrhfq;fs;> ghghp k];[pjpd; ,bg;G> gpypg;igd;];> rPdh> u\;ah> kq;Nfhypah> gh;kh> ANfh];yhthfpah Nghd;w ehLfspy; thOfpd;w ,];yhkpa ehLfspd; kPJ fl;ltpo;j;J tplg;gLk; mlf;FKiw kw;Wk; muh[fq;fs;> ghfp];jhdpy; ele;J tUk; ghuk;ghpar; rz;ilfs;> ,];Nuypah;fspd; fuj;jhy; gj;J yl;rj;jpw;Fk; mjpfkhd K];ypk;fs; nfhd;nwhopf;fg;gl;l nfhiyntwpj; jhf;Fjy;fs;> mugpah;fs; ghy];jPdpah;fs; kPJ njhLj;j mlf;FKiw ml;lfhrq;fs;> mjd;gpd; ghy];jPdNu jkf;Fs; xUtiunahUth; jhf;fpf; nfhz;l Nfhuq;fs;> JUf;fp> vfpg;J> \hk;> ypgpah> ,e;NjhNd\pah> kNy\pah Nghd;w ehLfspy; kpfg;ngUk; mstpy; K];ypk;fs; kPJ eilngw;w mepahaq;fs;> Mg;fhdpa K];ypk;fspilNa njhlh;fijahfpg; Nghd Jauq;fs;> <uhDf;Fk; <uhf;Ff;Fk; ,ilNa fle;j gj;J Mz;Lfshf eilgngw;W tUk; Nghhpy; vz;zpylq;fhNjhh; nrj;J kbe;j Jauq;fs;> vj;jpNahg;gpahtpy; Vw;gl;l tuyhW fhzhj gQ;rk;> INuhg;gh kw;Wk; Mg;gphpf;fh Mraf; fz;lq;fSf;fpilNa Vw;gl;l Gifr;rypy; fzf;fpy;yhj K];ypk;fs; rpiwgpbf;fg; gl;L rpiwf; $lq;fspy; nrhy;nyhz;zhj; Jauq;fis mDgtpj;J tUk; mtyq;fs; Nftyq;fs; Nghd;w ,itfnsy;yhk; ekf;F vij czh;j;Jfpd;wd? egpath;fspd; vr;rhpf;if xd;iwg; ghUq;fs; ]t;ghd; vd;Dk; egpj;Njhoh; jkJ egpiaf; nfhz;L mwptpf;fpwhh;> ntFtpiutpy; cq;fspd; kPJ ,d;ndhU r%fj;jhh; fzf;fpd;wp ntspg;gLth;. vt;thW cztUe;JNthh; czTj; jl;Lfspd; kPJ tUthh;fNsh mt;thW vd;w NghJ> mg;NghJ xUth;> mz;zyhNu! mg;NghJ vz;zpf;ifapy; ehk; Fiwthf ,Ug;Nghk; vd;W nrhy;y> mjw;F egpath;fs; ,y;iy. mg;NghJ vz;zpf;ifapy; ePq;fs; kpifj;jpUg;gPh;fs;. ,Ug;gpDk; ePq;fs; rKj;jpuj;jpy; Njhd;Wk; ePh;f;Fkpopfisg; Nghy; ,Ug;gPh;fs;. gpd;Dk; ,iwtd; cq;fSila tpNuhjpfsJ cs;sq;fspypUe;J cq;fisg; gw;wpa mr;rj;ij mfw;wp tpLthd;. mj;NjhL cq;fSila cs;sq;fspy; Nrhh;itAk; Nghl;L tpLthd; vd;W nrhy;y> mjw;F xU Njhoh;> mz;zyhNu! Nrhh;T vg;gb tUk;? vd;W Nfl;f> mjw;F egpath;fs;> cyfpd; kPJs;s gw;Wk;> kuzj;jpd; kPJs;s mr;rKk;jhd; mjw;F fhuznkd;W $wpdh;.

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-E}y;: ig`fP> mG+jhT+J vd;d? cz;ikahd Ntjid kPjKs;sjh? NftyKk; NtjidAk; te;J R+o;e;J tpl;l ,d;iwa fhyj;ijjhd; Ntjidf;Fhpa fhynkd;W $WfpNwhk;. mNjNeuk; ,d;W ehk; mDgtpj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;s ,e;j ,opepiyia ekJ Ntjidf;Fhpa Jtf;f fhynkd;W ehk; nrhd;dhy;? xUNtis ,iwtDila ,e;j Ntjid vd;Dk; fLikahf;fg;gl;lhy;? jpirkhwp nrd;w Ke;ija r%fj;jhh; kP:J ,iwNtjid ,wq;fpaNghJ mth;fsidtUk; ,k;kz; gug;gpypUe;Nj kiwf;fg;gl;Lg; Nghapdh;. vd;d? ,j;jidf;Fg; gpwFk; K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; ck;kj;Jf;fshd r%f kf;fs; ,t;tsT Nftyj;ijAk; ,opitAk; mDgtpj;j gpwFk; $l mtid mQ;r Ntz;lhkh? Fiwe;jgl;rk; Fh;Midf; nfhz;lhtJ ehk; czh;T ngw Ntz;lhkh? Fh;Md; $W@tijg; ghUq;fs; thdj;jpypUe;J G+kapd; gf;fkhf mtd; jdJ xt;nthU fl;lisiaAk; Kiwg;gLj;Jfpwhd;. mjd;gpd; mf;fl;lisfs; xUehspy; jpUk;gptpLk;. mjd; msT cq;fsplk; Mapuk; Mz;LfshFk;. -my;Fh;Md; ]_uh ][;jh trdk; 5 ,jpy; ngUk;ghd;ikahd Ntj tpahf;fpahdpfs; ,t;trdj;jpd; fUj;ij kWik ehSf;Fhpajhff; fzpf;fpd;wdh;. Mdhy; jpUkiwapYs;s R+wh kMhp[py; kWikapd; xU ehSila msitf; Fwpj;J> mq;F xU ehspd; msT Ik;gjhapuk; Mz;LfshFk;. vd;W $wg;gLtjhy; ,iwtDila fl;lis Kiwg;gLjtjw;Fhpa xUehs; vd;gJ ,g;G+kpapy; Mapuk; tUlq;fshFk; vdj; jpUkiw kpf mOj;jkhff; $WfpwJ. NkYk; ,e;j xU ehs; vd;gJ gw;wpa tpsf;fj;ij jpUkiwapd; R+wh `[;[pYk; ghh;f;fyhk;. mjhtJ. ,d;Dk; Ntjidiaf; Fwpj;J ck;kplk; mth;fs; mtrug;gLj;Jfpwhh;fs;. Mdhy; my;yh`; jdJ thf;FWjpf;F khW nra;aNt khl;lhd;. ,d;Dk; ck Jul;rfdplj;jpy; xU ehshdJ ePq;fs; fzpf;fpw Mapuk; tUlj;ijg; Nghd;whFk;.
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vdNt mth;fs; G+kpapy; gazk; nra;atpy;iyah? mt;thW (nra;jpUg;gpd;) mth;fSf;F ,jaq;fs; ,Uf;Fk;. mijf; nfhz;L mth;fs; czh;thh;fs;. my;yJ nrtpfs; (,Uf;Fk;) mtw;iwf; nfhz;L mth;fs; nrtpNaw;ghh;fs;. MfNt jpldhf mJ ghh;itfis FUlhf;fhJ. vdpDk; neQ;RfspYs;s ,jaq;fs; FUlhfptpLk;. ,d;Dk; Ch;fspypUe;J vj;jidNah mitfs; mepahak; nra;jitfshf ,Uf;fpw epiyapy; mitfSf;F jhkjk; je;J gpd;dh; mitfisg; gpbj;jpUf;fpNwd;. ,d;Dk; vd;dplNk (mth;fSf;Fhpa) kPSjy; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. -my;Fh;Md;> R+wh `[; trdk; 46>47>48 ,J Nghd;Nw jpUkiwapd; gphpNjhh; mj;jpahakhd R+wh rghtpy; ,d;Dk; mt;thf;FWjp vg;NghJ epiwNtWk; vd;W tpdTfpd;wdh;. cq;fSf;F xU ehs; kl;LNk thf;fspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjpy; xU tpdhb $l Kd;gpd;dhfhJ vd;W $Wq;fs; my;Fh;Md; R+wh ]gh> trdk; 30. Mf Nkw;fz;l %d;W mj;jpahaq;fspYk; fhzg;gLk; trdq;fis kpf;f ftdkhf Nahrpj;Jg; ghUq;fs;. vd;d? ,iwtd; ,g;G+kpapy; vij Kiwg;gLj;JfpwhNdh mij mtd; xU ehspy;> ekJ fzf;fpy; Mapuk; Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd; jpUk;gg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;L mjd;gpd; Ntnwhd;iw mDg;Gfpwhd;. ,jpy; Ntjid vd;gJ Ke;ija r%f kf;fSf;Fj;jhNdad;wp ekf;fy;y. mj;Jld; kWiktiu ekf;F jtizAk; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;Wk; vz;zpf; nfhz;Ls;sdh;. mth;fSf;F ,iwtd; Mapuk; tUlq;fs; tiu kl;Lk;jhd; thf;fspj;Js;shd; vd;gij Ghpe;J nfhs;Sjy; mtrpakhFk;. mtrug;gl Ntz;lhk;. Mapuk; tUlq;fs;jhd; Kbe;J tpl;lNj! mtd; Vd; ,d;Dk; jdJ Ntjidia ek; kPJ ,wf;ftpy;iy? jdJ thf;if ,d;Dk; Vd; epiwNtw;wtpy;iy? vd;gjhf Nahrpf;fyhk;. mth;fs; mG+jhT+j; vd;Dk; fpue;jj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; egpath;fspd; mUs;thf;if nfhQ;rk; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mJ ]/j; gpd; mgP tf;fh]; vd;Dk; egpj;Njhoh; jkJ egpath;fisf; nfhz;L mwptpf;fpwhh;> jpldhf vdJ r%f kf;fs; vd;Dila ,iwtdJ ghh;itapy; ,j;jid fPohd epiyf;F Mshfptpl khl;lhh;fnsd ek;GfpNwd;. vd;Dila ,iwtd; xU miu ehshtJ mth;fSf;F jtizaspf;fhjpUf;f khl;lhd; vd;W nrhy;y> mg;NghJ ]/j; miu ehs; vd;gJ vt;tsT vdf; Nfl;f> mjw;fth;fs;> IE}W Mz;Lfs; vd;wdh;

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,d;Dk; my;yhkh [yhYj;jPd; RA+j;jp vd;ghhpd; Ma;Tg;gb G+kpapy; mUik egpath;fspd; r%f kf;fs; egpath;fSila kiwTf;Fg; gpd; Mapuj;J IE}W Mz;Lfs; tiu ,Ug;gh; vdf; $Wfpd;wdh;. E}y;: kp\;fhj;> Mrphpah;: ethg; Fj;Gj;jPd; fhd; nj`;ytp. khw;Wf; $l;lk; gw;wpa vr;rhpf;if ,g;NghJ ehk; ,e;j ,lj;jpy; kpfTk; Mokhf Nahrpf;f Ntz;ba xU tpraj;ij cq;fspd; ftdj;jpw;F juNtz;ba eph;ge;jj;jpy; ,Uf;fpNwhk;. mJ> xt;nthU egpAila tUiff;Fg; gpwFk; mtuJ rKjhaj;jpdh; kPJ eph;ge;jpf;fg;gLk; flikahnjdpy;> mth;fs; ,iwtDila jug;gpypUe;J mDg;gg;gl;Ls;s Gjpa fy;tp Qhdq;fspd; topfhl;lypy; Ke;ija midj;J $l;lj;jhiuAk; jpUj;jpaikf;f Kida Ntz;Lk; vd;gjhk;. ,ijj;jhd; cyf ck;kj;jpd; rhk;uh[;ak; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ. ,d;Dk; egpath;fspd; ntspg;ghl;bid njhlh;e;J gdP ,];uNtyh;fSila $l;lj;ij cyf rf;uhjpgj;jpaj;jpypUe;J mfw;wp ck;kj;Nj K`k;kjpa;ahT(K`k;kJ egpapd; r%fj;jhU)f;F ,Wjpehs; tiu ,t;Tyfpd; midj;J $l;lj;jhUila rf;uhjpgj;jpaKk; mUsg;gl;lJ. ,g;G+kpf;F ,dp NtW ve;j egpAk; tug;Nghtjpy;iy. ,t;thNw egpath;fspd; r%fj;jpdh; jhd; ,dp ,Wjpehs; tiu kdpjFyj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; fsq;fq;fis mfw;wp cyNfhiu top elj;jpr; nry;y Ntz;Lk;. vd;d? ,r;r%fj;jpdh; ,d;Ws;s epiyapy; mjw;Fhpa jFjpia jf;f itj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;sduh? mNj Neuk; ,th;fspd; rf;uhjpgj;jpak; cyfk; cs;stiu epiyngw;W ,Ue;Njahf Ntz;Lk;. fhuzk; K`k;kj; egpath;fs; ,Wjp egpahf ,Ug;gijg; Nghy mth;fspd; r%fj;jpdh;jhd; cyfpd; rf;uhjpgjpfshfTk; ,Wjptiu ,Ug;ghh;fs;. mt;thwhapd; ,Jtiu ehk; $wpait midj;ijAk; kPz;Lk; xUKiw xUq;fpizAq;fs;. K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; r%fj;jhUf;F Mapuj;J IE}W Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd; mth;fs; kPJ ,wf;fg;glg; NghFk; ,iwNtjid Fwpj;j vr;rhpf;if! ,JNghd;Nw f/gh fsq;fg;gLj;jg;gl;l gpd; mugpahpd; (Md;kh) mope;J Nghtij Fwpj;j nra;jpf; Fwpg;G!! ,t;thNw kiwe;jit kPz;Lk; ntspahfg; Nghtij Fwpj;j mjd; jhf;fq;fs;!!! ,j;jidf;Fg; gpwFk; ck;kj;Jfspd; rhk;uh[;[pak; epiyj;jpUf;Fk;? vg;gb? vOJk;NghNj ekJ Ngdh eLq;FfpwJ. vd;d? ,r;nra;jpfsidj;Jk; xNu ,lj;ij jpUk;gj; jpUk;g Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;Lfpwjh? ,y;iyah? khw;Wf; $l;lk;,th;fisf; Fwpj;J jpUkiw gy;NtW ,lq;fspy; gytifahd Kd;dwptpg;Gf;fis $wpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. Mk;. ck;kj;Nj K`k;kjP (egpath;fspd; r%fj;jhh;) ,t;Tyfpd; rf;uhjpgjpfshf kPz;Lk; caUth;. xU khw;Wf; $l;lj;jhh; ,];yhj;ij Vw;gjd; %yk; me;j khw;Wf; $l;lj;jhiuf; Fwpj;j jpUkiw trdq;fspy; rpytw;iw ,g;NghJ ehk; ghh;g;Nghkh?
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 mtd; tpUk;gpdh cq;fis Nghf;fptpl;L kdpjh;fNs! kw;wth;fis mtd; nfhz;L tUthd;. ,d;Dk; my;yh`; mjd; kPJ Nguhw;wYs;std; my;Fh;Md; R+wh ep]h> trdk; 133. ,J jpldhf my;yh`; xU ghf;fpaj;ij mjid xU r%fj;jhUf;F mspj;jpUg;gij mth;fspd; Mz;khtpy; cs;sij mth;fs; khw;wpf; nfhs;Sk;tiu mtd; khw;Wgtdhf ,y;iy. ,d;Dk; epr;rakhf my;yh`; nrtpNaw;gtd;. kpfTk; mwpe;jtd;. my;Fh;Md; R+wh md;/ghy;> trdk; 5. Mk;. cq;fspy; rpyh; mth;fis my;yh`;tpd; ghijapy; nryT nra;Aq;fs; vd;W miof;fg;gl;lhy; mth; fQ;rj;jdk; nra;fpwhh;. md;wp ahh; fQ;rj;jdk; nra;fpwhNuh mth; jdJ Md;khTf;Fj;jhd; fQ;rj;jdk; nra;fpwhh;. ,d;Dk; my;yh`; ahhplKk; Njitahdtd; my;y. khwhf ePq;fs; midtUNk mtdplk; Njitahfpd;wth;fs;. gpd;Dk; ePq;fs; Gwf;fzpg;gh P ;fshapd; my;yh`; cq;fspd; ,lj;jpw;F NtnwhU $l;lj;jhiuf; nfhz;L tUthd;. NkYk; mth;fs; cq;fisg; Nghd;W ,Uf;f khl;lhh;fs;. my;Fh;Md; R+wh K`k;kj;> trdk; 38. ,d;Dk; mth;fspy; (ck;kpfspYs;s) ,Wjpahdth;fSf;fhf ck;ik ntspg;gLj;jpAs;Nshk;. mth;fs; ,d;Dk; mjpy; ,izatpy;i. NkYk; mtd; fz;zpaKk; EZf;fKk; cilatd;. -my;Fh;Md; R+wh [{k;M> trdk; 3 tpRthrpfNs! cq;fspy; vtNuDk; jdJ khh;f;fj;ij tpl;L jpUk;gp tpLthuhapd;> tpRthrpfs; kPJ ,uf;fKs;s> fhgph;fs; kPJ fLikahf ,Uf;Fk; xU $l;lj;ij my;yh`; (mth;fSf;F) gfukhff; nfhz;L tUthd;. mth;fis mtd; Nerpg;ghd;. mth;fSk; mtid Nerpg;ghh;fs;. my;yh`;tpd; ghijapy; mth;fs; Nghh; Ghpthh;fs;. ,d;Dk; gopg;gtdpd; gopg;ig(fz;L) mQ;r khl;lhh;fs;. ,J my;yh`;tpd; flhl;rkhFk;. mtd; ehbatUf;F ,jid nfhLg;ghd;. NkYk; my;yh`; tprhykhdtd; (kpfTk;) mwpe;jtd; my;Fh;Md; R+wh khapjh> trdk; 54.
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 ePq;fs; Gwg;glhtpl;lhy; cq;fis Nehtpid nra;Ak;gbahd Ntjidahf Ntjid nra;thd;. ,d;Dk; cq;fisay;yhj xU $l;lj;jhiu (cq;fSf;F) gfukhf;Fthd;. Mdhy; (mtDf;F) xU t];JitAk; ePq;fs; jPq;fpiof;f KbahJ. NkYk; my;yh`; midj;J t];j;Jf;fspd; kPJk; Nguhw;wy; cs;std;. my;Fh;Md; R+wh njsgh> trdk; 39. mfpy cyfpd; mjpgjpahd my;yh`;tplk; ehk; ghJfhty; NjLfpNwhk;. ,njd;d! jpUk;gj; jpUk;g ,d;ndhU $l;lj;jhiuf; nfhz;L tUNtd; vd;Dk; gaKWj;jy; ,J Gyp te;J tpl;lJ vd;gijg; Nghyy;yth ,Uf;fpwJ? ,e;epiyapy; gpujpepjp tYthf ,Uf;fpwhuh vd;d? re;Njfj;jpw;fplkpd;wp ,iwtdpd; thf;F vd;gJ rj;jpakhdJ. ePq;fSk; ehDk; vj;jidjhd; Mirg;gl;lhYk; glhtpl;lhYk; ,iwtDila ehl;lj;ij xUNghJk; khw;Wtnjd;gJk; mwNt elf;fhJ. ,Ug;gpDk; ehk; Kay Ntz;Lk;. mJ ekJ flikAk; $l. Mk;. ,iw Ntjidiaf; nfhz;L gpbf;fg;glg; NghFk; mf;$l;lj;jhiu tpl;Lk; ek;ik ehk; jw;fhj;Jf; nfhs;syhky;yth! ,d;Dk; ve;jf; $l;lj;jhiu ,iwtd; ck;kj;Nj K`k;kjpa;ahtpy; (K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; r%fj;jhNuhL) ,ize;J ekf;Fg; gfukhf ntspf; nfhz;L tug;NghfpwhNdh mth;fSila rpuRfspd; kPJ R+l;lg;glg;NghFk; uh[ fphPlj;ij> mth;fs; ngwg;NghFk; <khid> mij mth;fs; jkJ ,jaq;fspy; xspNaw;Wtjw;F ekJ Kaw;rpAk; xU gf;f Jizahf mikal;LNk! ,g;NghJ mt;Tah; epiyia ngwg;NghFk; mf;$l;lk; vJ vd;gij Fwpj;j egpath;fspd; mUs;thf;ifg; ghUq;fs;. vg;NghJ mG+jh; fpghhp vd;Dk; egpj;Njhoh; kf;fhtpy; itj;J egpath;fspd; jpUf;fuj;ijg; gw;wp ,];yhj;ij Vw;whNuh mg;NghNj mth; nrhd;dhh;> vdf;F G+kpapd; xU gFjpiaf; fhl;lg;gl;lJ. mJ NghPj;jk; goq;fspd; Njhl;lq;fSk; > gaph; gr;irfSk; mjpfkhf cs;s gFjpahFk;. mJ kjPdhitj; jtpu NtnwhU gFjpay;y vd;Nw ehd; ek;GfpNwd;. vd;d? v dJ ,r;nra;jpia ePq;fs; cq;fspd; $l;lj;jhUf;Fj; njhptpg;gPh;fsh? mth;fSk; mijf; nfhz;L gydilth;. mj;Jld; cq;fSf;Fk; mjw;Fhpa gyd; fpilf;Fnkd;wdh;. E}y;: K];dj;> K];ypk;> jg;uhdp. Mifahy; ve;jf; $l;lk; jdJ gioa khh;f;fj;ij tpl;Lk; jpUk;gp ,];yhj;ij Vw;f cs;sNjh mf;$l;lj;jpw;F Gdpj ,];yhj;jpd; njs;spa cz;ikfis ntspr;rkpl;Lf; fhl;LNthhpy; ehk; Kd;Dhpik ngw;wth;fshf Mfyhkpy;iyah! vd;d? ehk; ,iw tpRthrpfsh? Nkw;nfhz;L E}ypd; gf;fq;fis Gul;Lk; Kd; cq;fspd; vz;zj;jpYs;s jtwhd fUj;J xd;iw ePq;fs; Kjypy; ePf;fpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mJ>
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ntWk; ehtpdhy; kl;Lk; yh,yh` ,y;yy;yh`; vdf; $wpajd; %yk; ekf;F Rth;f;fk; epr;rakhfptpl;lnjd;w epidg;Gj;jhd;. ,g;gbj;jhd; A+jh;fSk; thjpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jdh;. mth;fs; mijg; gw;wp nrhy;Yk;NghJ> xUNtis ehq;fs; eufj;jpw;Fr; nrd;whYq;$l rpy fhyq;fSf;Fg; gpd; vq;fsJ ghtq;fSf;Fhpa jz;lidia mDgtpj;J tpl;L kPz;Lk; Rth;f;fj;jpw;F te;J tpLNkhnkd;W $wpf; nfhz;bUe;jdh;. ,ijf; Fwpj;j egpnkhop xd;iwg; ghUq;fs; egpfs; ehjh; $wpdh;> ePq;fs; fpl;ljl;l Ke;ija r%fj;jhiug; Nghd;W MfptpLtPh;fnsd;W nrhd;dNghJ> mJ Nfl;l Njhoh;fs; Ke;ija r%fj;jhh; vd;gijf; nfhz;L A+j> fpwpj;Jth; vd;gJ fUj;jh? vd;W Nfl;f> mjw;F egpath;fs; Ntnwd;d? vd;whh;fs;. ahUf;Fj; njhpAk;? ek;kpy; vj;jidNgh; tpRthrpfshf ,Uf;fpd;wdh;? vj;jid Ngh; eatQ;rfh;fshf ,Uf;fpd;wdh;? vj;jidNgh; jkJ nray;ghLfspy; Fg;iu (,iw kWg;ig) cilath;fshf ,Uf;fpd;wdnud;W. ,jpy; eatQ;rfj;jdj;ij gw;wp njhpe;J nfhs;s fyPgh ckuth;fspd; rk;gtnkhd;iwg; ghUq;fs; fyPgh ckh; mth;fs; jkJ Ml;rp fhyj;jpy; xUehs; egpath;fspd; msg;ghpa ufrpaq;fis jkJ ,jaj;jpy; ,Uj;jp itj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j Njhoh; `{ijgh vd;ghhpd; tPl;Lf; fjit te;J jl;Lfpd;wdh;. mg;NghJ mth;fspd; Kfnky;yhk; GOjp gbe;Js;sJ. `{ijghit Nehf;fp ckuth;fs;> `{ijghNt! ehd; Nfl;gjw;F cz;ikiar; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. ,iwtd; kPJ MizapLq;fs; vd;W Nfl;f> mjw;fth;fs;> NfSq;fs; mkPUy; K/kpdPNd! vd;wdh;. mjw;F ckuth;fs;> ,y;iy> ehd; Nfl;gjw;F cz;ikiar; nrhy;Ntndd ,iwtd; kPJ MizapLq;fs; vd;wth;fs;> nfQ;Rk; Fuypy;> cq;fSf;F egpath;fs; kjPdhtpYs;s midj;J eatQ;rfh;fspd; ngaiuAk; mwptpj;Jj; je;jhh;fNs! mjpy; vd;Dila ngah; ,y;iyNa! vd;W tpdtpdh;. my;yh`;! my;yh`;!! ,g;G+kpapNyNa ahh; Rth;f;fthjpnad egpath;fshy; Rgr; nra;jp jug;gl;lhh;fNsh> vdf;Fg; gpd; egpapy;iy> mt;thW ,Ug;gpd; mth; ckuhfj;jhd; ,Ug;ghh; vd egpath;fs; ahiug; gw;wp ngUikahfr; nrhd;dhh;fNsh mth;> jhd; Kdhgpf;fhfp tpLNthNkh vd mQ;Rfpwhh; vdpy; NkYk; mth; $Wtijg; ghUq;fs; <khd; vd;gJ mr;rj;jpw;Fk; MjuTf;Fk; ,ilapy; mike;jNjhh; epiyahFk;. ,jpy; xUNtis cyNfhh; midtUk; Rth;f;fk; nrd;W xNunahUth; kl;Lk; nry;ytpy;iyahapd; me;j xUtd; ehdhf ,Uf;FNkh vd;Dk; mr;rk; vd;id tpl;Lk; mfyhJ. mt;thwpd;wp xNunahUtiuj; jtpu kw;wth;fsidtUk; eufj;jpw;F nry;thh;fshapd; me;j xUtd; ehdhf

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,Ug;NgNdh vd;gjpy; ,iwaUis MjuT itg;Nghhpy; ehDk; xUtdhf ,Ug;Ngd; vdf; $Wfpd;wdh;. nfhQ;rk; NahrpAq;fs;. tpRthrj;jpw;Fk; eatQ;rfj;jdj;jpw;Fk; ,ilNaAs;s msTNfhiy ifapNye;jp ftdpg;Nghkhapd; ,d;W vj;jid Ngiu ehk; tpRthrpfshf fzf;fpnyLf;f KbAk;.? mNj Neuk; eatQ;rfd; eufpd; mbj;jl;by; itj;jy;yth Ntjid nra;ag;gLthd; vd;gjhf Ntjk; vr;rhpf;fpd;wJ? mJ ve;jf; $l;lk;? ,g;NghJ thUq;fs;! ve;jf; $l;lj;ij Kd;dpWj;jp ,iwtd; jdJ Ntjj;jpy; ,];yhkpah;fisg; ghh;j;J vr;rhpf;fpwhNdh> ,d;Dk; ve;jf; $l;lj;ij ,d;Ws;s ,];yhkpa r%fj;jpw;F gfukhf;fp cyf rf;uhjpgj;jpaj;ij mth;fSf;F toq;fg; Nghtjhf $WfpwhNdh mth;fis ehk; ,dq;fhZk; Kaw;rpia Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mj;Jld; ,iwtDk; mtDila J}jUk; ve;j khw;wj;jpw;Fhpa nra;jpiaAk; mjw;Fhpa Neuj;ijAk; ekf;F mwptj;Jj; je;Js;shh;fNsh me;j Neuk; vJ vd;gijAk; mjw;Fhpa milahsq;fisAk; $l ekf;F mwptpj;Jj; je;Js;sdh;. mijf;Fwpj;j Ntj trdq;fis ehk; Kd;dhy; cq;fspd; ghh;itf;F je;jpUf;fpNwhk;. ,g;NghJ mt;Ntj trdq;fSf;Fhpa tpsf;fq;fis ghh;g;Nghk;. R+wh K`k;kjpd; 38 tJ trdj;jpw;Fhpa tphpTiuapy; mg;Jh; u];]hf;> mg;jpg;D `kPj;> ,g;D ]{iuu;> ,g;D mgP `hj;jk;> jg;uhdP> ig`fP Nghd;Nwhh; mG+`{iuuh vd;Dk; egpj;Njhoiuf; nfhz;L xU egpnkhopia vLj;Jf; fhl;Lfpd;wdh;. mjhtJ. mUik egpath;fs;> md;wp ePq;fs; Kfk; jpUg;gpf; nfhz;lhy; vd;Dk; trdj;ij Xjpdh;. mg;NghJ Njhoh; ngUkf;fs; egpath;fis Nehf;fp> ,iwj;J}jNu! ahh; mth;fs;? ehk; Kfj;ij jpUg;gpf; nfhs;Sk;Ntisapy; ekf;Fg; gfukhf ekJ ,lj;jpw;F te;J NrUth;? vd;W Nfl;f> mjw;F egpath;fs;> ]y;khdpd; Njhis jl;bf; nfhLj;J> ,th;jhd;. ,tUila $l;lk;jhd; vd;wNjhL ahUila fuj;jpd; vd;Dila Md;kh ,Uf;fpwNjh mtd; kPJ Mizahf xUNtis ,iwek;gpf;if ghjhsj;jpw;Fs; Gije;J tpl;bUe;jhYk; $l mth;fs; mijj; Njbf; nfhz;L mq;NfAk; nrd;W tpLthh;fs; vd;wdh; -E}y;: gj;`{y; fjPh;> ghfk; 5 gf;fk; 41. mLj;J jpUkiwapd; kw;Nwhh; mj;jpahakhd R+wh [{k;MTila 3tJ trdj;jpw;Fhpa tphpTiuapYk; ,Nj Nghd;wnjhU jiyg;igf; nfhz;l Xh; mwptpg;G Gfhhp vd;Dk; fpue;jj;jpYk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,t;thNw R+wh khapjhtpd; 54 tJ trdj;jpw;Fhpa tphpTiuapy; jg;]Ph; gj;`{y; fjPh; vd;Dk;

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fpue;jj;jpy; Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;s mwptpg;nghd;iwAk; fPNo jUfpNwhk;. mijAk; ghUq;fs;.. ,g;D ]{iuu; vd;ghh; \hP`; gpd; cigj; vd;ghiuf; nfhz;L mwptpf;fpd;wdh;> ,iwtd; ,t;trdj;ij ,wf;fpaNghJ ckuth;fs; egpath;fis Nehf;fp> ,iwj;J}jNu! ,t;trdj;jpy; Fwpf;fg;gLNthh; ehDk; vdJ $l;lj;jhUkh? vdf; Nfl;f> mjw;F egpath;fs;> ,y;iy ,tUk; ,tUila $l;lj;jhUk; vd;wdh;. mth; mG+ %]h m\;mhp vd;ghuhFk;. ,ahYy; m\;mhp vd;ghh; $Wfpwhh;> egpath;fs; mG+%]h m\;mhpia Rl;bf; fhl;b ,tUk; ,tUila $l;lj;jhUk; vd;wdh; vdf; $Wfpwhh;. -E}y;: K];dj;> jph;kpjp> ig`fp> K];jj;uf; `hfpk;. mG+%]h m\;mhp vd;ghh; $Wfpwhh; ehd; egpath;fspd; jpUKd; ,t;trdj;ij XjpaNghJ egpath;fs; vd;id Nehf;fp> mG+ %]h m\;mhpNa! ,J cdJ $l;lk;jhd;. vkDila $l;lk; vd;wdh;. E}y;: ig`fP> ,g;D m]hfPh;> `hfpk;. ,g;D mg;gh]; mth;fs; mJ vd;Dila $l;lj;jhuhFk; vd;fpd;wdh;. -E}y;: gj;`{y; fjPh;> ghfk; 2 gf;fk; 49> 50. NkYk; R+wh njsghtpd; 39tJ trdj;jpw;Fhpa tphpTiuapy; gj;`{y; fjPh; ghfk; 2 gf;fk; 345 y; \t;fhdp vd;ghh; $Wfpwhh;> ,e;j trdq;fspYs;s fUj;J NtWghl;Lf;Fhpa gpur;rid vd;dntd;why; mth;fs; ahh; vd;gNjahFk;. Vnddpy; mth;fs; vkd;thrpfs; vd;Wk;> ghurPfj;jth; vd;Wk; ,Utifahd Fwpg;Gfs; fhzg;gLtjhy jFe;j Mjhukpd;wp mt;fs; ahh; vd;gij ek;khy; jpl;ltl;lkhff; $wKbahnjd;W nrhy;fpwhh;. mtUila fUj;J xUGwk; ,Uf;fl;Lk;. ,g;NghJ ePq;fs; nfhQ;rk; epjhdkhf Nahrpj;Jg; ghUq;fs;. ehk; ,iwtdplNk ghJfhty; NjLfpNwhk;. vd;d? ,iwtdpd; ,dpa J}jh; gy;NtW re;jh;gg ; q;fspy; gy Njhoh;fSf;fpilNa> xUNghJ ]y;khd; ghh;]pf;F Kd; ghurPfj;jth; (<uhdpah;) vd;Wk;> ,d;ndhU NghJ mG+%]h m\;mhpf;F Kd; vkd; Njrj;jth; vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdh; vdpy; egpath;fspd; jpUehT vg;NghJNk cz;ikia kl;Lk;jhNd ciuj;Js;sJ. mJjhNd tuyhW $Wk; cz;ikAk; $l. ,e;epiyapy; ehk; mt;tpU $l;lj;jhUf;Fk; ,ilNaAs;s ,izg;igay;yth Njl Ntz;Lk;? ,t;Tyfk; midj;ijAk; cq;fspd; $h;ej ; mwptpd; ghh;itf;F Kd;dhynfhz;L te;J epWj;jpg; ghh;g;gh P ;fshapd; ,g;G+kpapy; ,e;jpah vd;nwhU ehL> mq;Nfjhd; ,t;tpU $l;lj;jhUk;; ,ize;jpUg;gij ehk; ghh;f;fyhk;. Mk;. ghurPfj;ijr; rhh;e;j <uhdpah; ,e;jpa ehl;bd; tlg;gFjpapy; Mhpah; vd;Dk; ngahpy; tUif je;J FbNawpdh;. ,Nj Nghd;W ,e;jpa
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ehl;bd; njd;gFjpapy; fhzg;gLk; jpuhtplh;fSila Kd;Ndhbfspy; ngUk;ghNyhh; vkdpy; tho;e;J te;jdh;. ,th;fspy; Gj;jkjj;ij ek;Gfpd;w rpe;jpfs;> Nkj; ]ghg;[h> ]ahg;[h kw;Wk; m`hkpuh vd;Dk; ngaUila $l;lj;jhUk; vkdpy; tho;e;J te;Js;sdh;. NkYk; ,d;W$l mq;Nf ,e;jpa Njrj;jpd; fyhr;rhuk; kpsph;tijf; fhzyhk;. `pe;j;> `pe;jh> \pahk;> my;yJ \hk;> \pahk; vd;Dk; ngahpy; ngUk; ngUk; Nfhl;ilfs; ,g;NghJk; mq;Nf ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,dp ,t;tpuz;L $l;lj;jhhpd; tk;rtopapdh; ,e;jpa kz;zpy; xUq;fpiztJ ,t;itafj;ij epiyg;gLj;Jtjw;Fhpa Kd;Ndw;ghl;Lf;F ,J Jtf;fnkd;Nwh my;yJ Kd;khjphp vd;Nwh nrhy;yyhk;. Vnddpy; mUik egpath;fs; md;W nrhd;d thh;j;ijia nray;tbtj;jpd; gf;fkhf jpUg;g Ntz;Lky;yth! mLj;J ,e;j ,lj;jpy; ,ijAk; ehk; epidtpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ <uhdpaUk; mth;fisr; rhh;e;NjhUk; ]y;khd; ghh;]pia Fwpj;j mwptpg;ig itj;J kf;fhtpy; ele;j epfo;r;rpia epahag;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;. ehk; mth;fisf; Fwpj;j ey;nyz;zj;Jld; xd;iw kl;Lk; nrhy;y tpUk;GfpNwhk;. mjhtJ> mth;fs; mG+%]h m\;mhpia Fwpj;j mwptpg;igAk; ghh;f;f Ntz;lhkh? mth;fspd; $l;lj;jhh; ([hl;> ,e;Jf;fspYs;s tptrhapfs;) ,];yhj;jpd; Jtf;f fhyj;jpNyNa ,];yhj;ij Vw;W tuyhw;wpy; Ngrg;gLk; msTf;F gq;fhw;wpAs;shh;fNs! nksyhdh cigJy;yh`; rpe;jP. ,th;fs; (\h`; typAy;yh`;tpd; khzth;fspy; jiyrpwe;j gpyh]gh;fspy; xUtuhFk;) jkJ \h`; typAy;yh`;Tk; gpyh]gpAK; v d;Dk; E}ypy;> R+wh [{k;Mtpd; 3tJ trdj;ijf; Fwpj;J fPof ; z;lthW vOJfpwhh; vq;fsplk; tMfhPd kpd;`{k; mth;fspy; epd;Wk; ,Wjpahdth;;fs; vd;gjd; fUj;jhdJ <uhdpaUk; (,e;jpa kz;zpy; thOk; Mhpah;) mth;fSld; ,ize;jpUg;gth;fSk;jhd; vd;W $Wfpd;wdh;. ,e;j ,lj;jpy; \h`; typAy;yh`;tpd; ,d;ndhU Kd;dwptpg;igAk; ghUq;fs; ,d;Dk; ehd; vij ek;GfpNwNdh mth;fs; ,e;jpa kz;zpy; thOk; ,e;Jf;fs; jhnddpy; mth;fs; vy;yhtifahd mjpfhuq;fisAk; ngw Ntz;Lk;. mg;NghJjhd; ,iwtDila Nehf;fk; nray; tbtk; ngwKbAk;. ,NjNghy me;j ,e;Jj; jiyth;fspd; cs;sq;fspy; ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; cjpg;Gk; Njhd;w Ntz;Lk;. E}y;: my;Gh;fhd; gf;fk; 158. \h`; typAy;yh`; mth;fshy; Kfyhah;fspd; Ml;rpfhyj;jpy; Kd;dwptpg;G nra;ag;gl;l tpraj;jpd; Kjy; fl;lk; ,g;NghJ nray; tbtj;jpw;F te;Js;sJ. mjhtJ ,e;jpa kz;zpy; ,g;NghJ ,e;Jf;fspd; Ml;rp kyh;e;Js;sJ. ,jDila mLj;j fl;l kw;nwhU mwptpg;ghd ,];yhj;ij Vw;gJk; ntFtpiutpy; elf;Fk;.
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Mjyhy; ,ad;wtiu Mjhuq;fis jpul;b cq;fs; Kd; itj;Jtpl;Nlhk;. mit ,Jtiu $wpait midj;ijAk; cz;ikjhndd cWjpg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. mjhtJ> ck;kj;Nj K`k;kjpa;ah (K`k;kJ egpath;fspd; r%fj;jhh;) vd;gJ ,UgphpthFk;. mjpy; Kjy; gphpntd;gJ ,g;NghJs;s ,];yhkpa r%fj;jhuhFk;. ,th;fspd; taJ Mapuj;J IE}W Mz;LfshFk;. ,JNghd;Nw ,uz;lhtJ gphpntd;gJ ,e;jpa kz;zpy; thOk; ,e;Jf;fshFk;. ,th;fs;jhd; ,Wjpahdth;fs;. ,th;fs; xl;Lnkhj;jkhf ,];yhj;ij Vw;ghh;fs;. mg;NghJ cyf uh[hPfj;jpd; rf;uhjpgj;jpaj;ij ,th;fs; fz;bg;ghfg; ngWthh;fs; vd;gjpy; mZtsTk; Iakpy;iy. Gj;jpiaAk; kdijAk; fyq;fbf;Fk; ,r;nra;jpiaf; Nfl;L ,J ntWk; fw;gidnad;Nwh> my;yJ fl;Lf;fij vd;Nwh ePq;fs; kWf;fj; jiyg;glyhk;. Mdhy; ,d;Ws;s ,];yhkpah;fspd; epiyfis nfhQ;rk; vz;zpg; ghUq;fs;. mj;Jld; cyfpd; Nghf;F vg;gbnay;yhk; jpirkhwp nrd;W nfhz;Ls;sJ vd;gijAk; Nahrpj;J mth;(,e;Jf;)fSf;F ,];yhj;ij Fwpj;J vt;thW miog;G nfhLf;fyhk; vd;gij NahrpAq;fs;. mth;fs;jhd; mfpy cyfpYk; mLj;J tug;NghFk; fhyq;fspy; cyfpd; jiyikg; gjtpia Vw;W top elj;jg; Nghfpd;wdh;. ,jpy; mth;fs; Vw;fg; NghFk; <khdp(tpRthrj;jp)y; ek;Kila gq;fspg;G vd;gJ rpwpNjDk; ekf;F tha;f;Fkhapd; mJ ek;Kila kWik tho;Tf;Fhpa ntw;wpf;F mbj;jskhf mike;J tplhjh vd;d? mt;thW ,y;iyNay; ,iwtdpd; thf;F rj;jpakhdJ. ,d;Dk; mtd; vtUila Njitfis tpl;Lk; J}a;ikahdtd;. ve;j R+wh njsghtpd; 39tJ trdk; khw;Wf; $l;lj;ijf; Fwpj;J ekf;F vr;rhpf;if nra;fpwNjh mjw;fLj;j trdKk; xU khngUk; gbg;gpidia ekf;F vLj;Jf; fhl;Ltijg; ghUq;fs; mtU(u]_Y)f;F ePq;fs; cjtp nra;atpy;yahapd; jpldhf my;yh`; mtUf;F fhgpuhdhh;fNs> mth;fs; mtiu -,Uthpy; ,uz;lhktiuntspNaw;wpaNghJ> ,UtUk; (kiy) nghJk;gpy; ,Uf;Fk; NghJ jdJ Njhoiu Nehf;fp> Jf;fg;glhjPh;. epr;rakhf my;yh`; ek;Kld; ,Uf;fpwhd; vd;W $Wk;NghJ cjtp nra;jpUf;fpwhd;. vdNt mth; kPJ my;yh`; ]fPdhit(mikjpia) ,wf;fpdhd;. ,d;Dk; rpy $l;lq;fisf; nfhz;L mtiug; gyg;gLj;jpdhd;. mitfis ePq;fs; ghh;f;ftpy;iy. ,d;Dk; fhgpuhdhh;fNs mth;fspd; thh;j;ijia fPohdjhfTk; Mf;fpdhd;. ,d;Dk; my;yh`;tpd; thh;j;ijjhd; kpifj;jjhapUf;fpwJ. NkYk; my;yh`; kpifj;jtd;(,d;Dk;) tpNtfKs;std;. mj;jpahak; ,uz;L
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,e;J r%fj;jpd; egp

fpU\;zNkddpd; jpifg;G
=fpU\;zNkddpd; tho;f;ifapy; eilngw;w xU rk;gtk; gpd;tUkhW: mth; yz;ldpy; jq;fpapUe;jNghJ jkJ ez;gh;fNshL tPw;wpUe;j rkaj;jpy; ,Ue;jpUe;jhw;Nghy; mtUila ez;gh;fspy; xUth; mtiug; ghh;j;J> ,Njh cq;fs; Kd; mkh;eJ ; s;s ,e;j ez;gh; xU A+jh;. mth; $Wfpwhh;> mth;fsplk; flTspd; jug;gpypUe;J mth;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;l Ntjnkhd;W ,Ug;gjhfTk;> mjd; ngah; njsuhj; vd;Wk; mij mth;fSf;F mth;fspd; egp %]h mth;fs; ngw;Wj; je;jjhfTk; nrhy;fpwhh;. ,J vdf;Fj; njhpAk;. fpU\;zNkddpd; gjpy;. mijf; Nfl;l me;j ez;gh; ,d;ndhU fpwj;;Jt ez;gij Rl;bf; fhl;b> ,th; xU fpwpj;Jth;. ,th; $Wfpwhh;> ,thplk; flTshy; mUsg;gl;;l Ntjnkhd;W ,Ug;gjhfTk;> mjd; ngah; ,d;[Py; vd;Wk; mij mth;fSf;F mth;fspd; egp <]h ngw;Wj; je;jjhfTk; nrhy;fpwhh;. ,JTk; vdf;Fj; njhpAk; Gd;rphpg;Gr; rphpj;jthNw fpU\;zdNkdd;> ,j;jid gpugykhd tp\aj;ijf; $l njhpahj xUth; ,Ug;ghuh vd;d? mNjNeuk; mth; vd;id jpifg;NghL ghh;g;gijg; ghUq;fnsd;W nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;NghNj me;j ez;gh; mq;NfapUe;j ,d;ndhU ez;giu Rl;bf; fhl;b ,th; ekJ K];ypk; ez;gh;. ,tUk; jk;kplk; ,iwtdhy; toq;fg;gl;l Ntjnkhd;W ,Ug;gjhfTk; mjDila ngah; Fh;Md; vd;Wk;> mij mth;fSf;F mth;fSila egp K`k;kj; ngw;Wj; je;jjhfTk; nrhy;fpwhh; vd;W nrhy;y ,j;jidiaAk; Nfl;l fpU\;z Nkdd; jkJ GUtj;ij NkNyw;wpatuhf> ez;gh! ,JTk; vdf;Fj; njhpANk vd;W nrhy;y> mijf; Nfl;l me;j ez;gh; kpftk; epjhdkhf fpU\;zNkdidg; ghh;j;J> ez;gNu ,njy;yhk; vdf;Fj; njhpAk;> ckf;Fj; njhpAk;. Mdhy; ek;kpy; ahUf;FNk njhpahj xU tprak; vd;d njhpAkh? ,th;fnsy;yhk; $Wtij Nghy ePUk; vij flTshy; mUsg;gl;l Ntjnkd;Wk;> kpf kpfg;goikahdnjd;Wk; .;Mjp fpue;jk; vd;Wk; nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUf;fpwPNuh mij cq;fSf;F flTsplkpUe;J ngw;Wj; je;jJ ahh;? vd;gJ jhd; vdJ Nfs;tpahFk; vd;W epjhdkhff; $wpdhh;. ,j;jid NeuKk; Gd;difj;jthW mkh;e;jpUe;j fpU\;zNkddpd; Kfj;jpypUe;j jirfnsy;yhk; ,Wfp GUtq;fs; RUq;fj; Jtq;fpw;W. ,g;NghJ mj;jid NgUila tpopfSk; jkf;Fs; Nfs;tpiaj; Njf;ffpf; nfhz;L mjw;Fhpa gjpiy vjph;ghh;j;J mtiuNa itj;j fz; thq;fhky; ghh;j;jd. mq;Nf vy;yhNk ];jk;gpj;Jtpl;lijg; Nghd;w eprg;jk; mhpaiz
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VwpapUe;jJ. Mk;. Kjd;Kjyhf ,g;gbg;gl;lnjhU Nfs;tpapd; %yk; fpU\;zNkdd; jhf;fgl;lhh;. ,g;NghJjhd; mtUf;Nf ,J Njhd;WfpwJ. xt;nthUtUk; jkf;Fhpa Ntjk; ,d;dpd;d jPh;f;fjhprpapd; %yk; fpilj;jnjd;W cWjpahf nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghJ> thjpj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;s NghJ> kpfkpfg; Guhjdkhd> mjpTYk; Kjd;Kjyhf ,iwtdplkpUe;J mUsg;gl;l Ntjk; vq;fSilanjd thjpf;fpd;w ek;Kila Ntjk; ve;j jPh;f;fjhprpapd; ;thapyhf jq;fSf;Ff; fpilj;jnjd;gij Fwpj;J ,Jtiu ehk; Nahrpf;fNt ,y;iyNa! vd;W mth; kl;Lkh kiyf;fpwhh;? ,d;W vj;Jid ,e;Jf;fspd; ,jaq;fs; ,f;Nfs;tpapy; rpf;fpj; jt[pj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;sd vd;gJ ahUf;Fj; njhpAk;? ,d;wh! New;wh!! ,f;Nfs;tp Mapuf;fzf;fhd tUlq;fshf neUQ;rp Ks;shfty;yth mth;fspd; ,jaj;ij Fj;jpf; fpopj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ? ,g;NghJ mth;fSila egpia ehk; nfhQ;rk; NjLNthkh? E}`; egpapd; r%fk; vq;Nf? ,e;Jf;fs; uhkhazj;ijAk;> kfhghujj;ijAk; kdpjh;fshy; cUthf;fg;gl;l E}y;fs;jhndd;gij xg;Gf; nfhz;lhYk; Ntjq;fs; gw;wpa tp\aj;jpy; kl;Lk; mr;r%f kf;fspd; Kd;Ndhh;fs; mij ,iwthf;F vd;gjhfj;jhd; cWjpahf ek;Gfpd;wdh;. Mdhy; mNj Neuk; mij mth;fSf;F ve;j jPh;f;fjhprp ngw;Wj; je;jhh; vd;gjw;Fhpa gjpy; kl;Lk; mth;fsplk; ,y;iy. tp\ak; vd;d njhpAkh? mth;fs; jq;fspd; egpia flTspd; mtjhuj;jpy; njhiyj;Jtpl;lJjhd;. Mk;. cyfpYs;s xt;nthU r%fKk; ahuhtJ xU kdpjiu jk;kplKs;s Ntjj;NjhL njhlh;GgLj;jp ek;gpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;NghJ ,e;j xNunahU (,e;J) r%fk; kl;Lk; jq;fspd; egpia njhiyj;Jtpl;L epd;W nfhz;Ls;sJ. ,ij ftdj;jpy; itj;Jf; nfhz;lth;fshf Gfhhp vd;Dk; fpue;jj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; ,e;j egpnkhopiag; ghUq;fs; mG+]aPj; vd;ghh; mwptpf;fpd;wdh;. ,g;G+kpapd; ,Wjpj;J}jh; K`k;kj; egpath;fs; ,ak;gpdh;> ,Wjpj; jPh;gG ; ehsd;W E}`; egpath;fs; miof;fg;gl;L mth;fsplk;> ePh; ckJ $l;lj;jhhplk; ,iw fl;lisfis xg;gilj;jPuh? vd;W Nfl;fg;gLk;. mg;NghJ mjw;fth;> Mk; vd;W gjpYiug;ghh;. mjd;gpd; E}`; egpapd; $l;lj;jhiu Nehf;fp vdJ J}jh; E}`; cq;fsplk; vdJ fl;lisia xg;gilj;jhuh? vd;W Nfl;f mjw;fth;fs;> ,y;iynad kWg;gNjhL vq;fsplk; mr;r%l;b vq;fis vr;rhpf;if nra;fpd;w ahUk; tutpy;iy vd;Wk; $Wthh;fs;. mg;NghJ E}`; egpath;fis Nehf;fp> cq;fSf;F rhl;rp ahnud;W tpdtg;gLk;. mjw;fth; vdf;F rhl;rp K`k;kj; egpAk; mtuJ r%fj;jhUkhFk; vd;W $Wth;. mg;NghJ K`k;kj; egpath;fs; jkJ Njhoh;fis Nehf;fp> me;j R+o;epiyapy; cq;fis mq;Nf nfhz;L tug;gl;L ePq;fs; rhl;rpAk; nrhy;tPh;fs; vdf; $wptpl;L fPo;fhZk; Ntjtrdj;ij Xjpdh; E}y;: Gfhhp
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 ,t;thNw cq;fis ehk; eLepiyahd r%fj;jpduhf Mf;fpNdhk;. MfNt ePq;fs; (kw;w) kdpjh;fSf;F rhl;rpfshf ,Uq;fs;. (ek;Kila) J}jh; cq;fSf;F rhl;rpahf ,Ug;ghh;- my;Fh;Md;> R+wh gfuh trdk; 143. ,g;NghJ ehk; nfhQ;rk; $h;eJ ; ftdpg;Nghkhapd; xUgf;fk; Nkw;fz;l `jPi]f; nfhz;L E}`; egpapd; $l;lj;jhh; jkJ egpia Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk; tpraj;jpy; kWg;igf; fhl;Lfpd;wdh;. ,d;ndhU gf;fk; ,g;G+kpapYs;s vy;yh kjq;fspd; $l;lj;jpyk; ,e;J kjj;jhhpd; egp kl;Lk; fhzhky; Ngha; tpl;bUf;fpwhh;. mg;gbahdhy; NahrpAq;fs;. ,e;Jr; r%fk; K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; r%fj;jhuhf ntFtpiutpy; khWth;. mjw;F ,g;NghJs;s K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; r%fj;jhh; fhuzkhf mikth;. NkYk; E}`; egpapd; $l;lj;jhh; jkJ egpia ,dq;fhz Kbahky; kWf;Fk;NghJ K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; r%fj;jhh; E}`; egpath;fs; jdJ $l;lj;jhhplk; ,iwtDila fl;lisfis xg;gilj;jhh;fnsd;W rhl;rp $Wth;. rhl;rp nrhy;yf;$ba K`k;kj; egpapd; r%fj;jhh; E}`; egpapd; $l;;lj;jhiuAk;> mth;fSf;Fk; E}`; egpf;Fk; ,ilNa cs;s njhlh;igAk; mth;fs; mwpe;jpUg;ghh;fs;. mt;thwhapd; ,e;j Mjhuq;fs; midj;Jk; ,g;NghJ ekf;F kj;jpapYs;s ,e;Jf; $l;lk;jhd; E}`; egpapd; r%fj;jhh; vd;gij ekf;F cWjpggLj;jpf; fhl;Lfpwjh ,y;iyah? ,e;Jf;fs; E}`; egpapd; r%fj;jpdh;? NkYk; Ntjjh;kk; vd;gJ cyfpYs;s vy;yh kjq;fshYk; xUq;fpize;j epiyapy; Vw;gl;l kpfg;goikahd Xh; kjkhFk;. ,t;thNw E}`; egpath;fSk; cyfpd; Kjy; \hPmj;jpw;Fhpa (tho;tpay; eilKiwf;Fhpa rl;lq;fspd;) u]_yhFk;. vdpDk; mij Vw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; Kd; me;j Ntjjh;kj;ij nfhz;Nl mij ek; mwpe;J nfhs;tJ mtrpakhFk;. Mjyhy; ,g;NghJ ehk; mth;fspd; Ntjj;ij ,iwthf;F vd xg;Gf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lnkd;w mtrpakpy;iy. MapDk; ,e;Jf;fs; vij ,iwtdpd; thf;F (Ntjk;) vd nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;fNsh mjw;Fhpa egpahf ahiu ekf;Ff; fhl;Lfpd;wdh;? gpuhd;]; ehl;ilr; rhh;e;j Mrphpah; A.J.A. DUBOIS Lgha;]; vd;ghh; > ,th; Vwj;jho ehw;gJ Mz;L fhyk; tiu ,e;Jkjk; gw;wpAk;> ,e;Jf; fyhr;rhuk; gw;wpAk; Ma;T nra;J kpfTk; gykhd Mjhuq;fis Kd;itj;J ngUk; E}nyhd;iw vOjpAs;shh;. mth; jdJ HINDU MANNERS, CUSTOMS AND CEREMONIES vd;Dk; E}ypy; ve;j cz;ikfis glk; gpbj;Jf; fhl;bAs;shNuh mit cq;fspd; kdJf;F kpfg;ngUk; epk;kjpia epr;rak; jUnkd;W epidf;fpNwhk;. mth; vOJfpwhh;

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RUf;fkhfr; nrhy;tjhapd;> xU kpfg;gpugykhd kdpjh; mtiu ,e;Jf;fs; kpfTk; mjpfkhf ek;Gfpd;wdh;. ,d;Dk; mth;fs; mtiu kfhE}T (MAHANUVU) vd;Dk; ngahpy; mwpe;J itj;Js;sdh;. nts;sg; gpusaj;jpd;NghJ xU fg;gy; kl;Lk; jg;gpf; fiu Nrh;e;J mjpy; gpugykhd VO hp\pfs; ,Ue;jdh;. kfhE}T vd;gJ ,U thf;fpaq;fspd; ,izg;ghFk;. ,jpy; kfh vd;why; kpfTah;e;j vd;gJk; E}T vd;gJ nfhQ;rq;$l re;Njfj;jpw;fplkpd;wp E}`;jhd;. -Mjhuk;: Hindu Manners Customs and Ceremonies, page 48. cyf tuyhw;iw Nehf;fpdhy; ,e;jpa Njrk; mt;nts;sg; gpusaj;jpw;Fg; gpd; Kjd; Kjy; ,g;G+kpapy; caph;j;njOe;jJ. mJjhd; ,g;G+kp KOtijAk; eph;%ykhf;fpw;W. Mjhuk;: Hindu Manners Customs and Ceremonies, page 100. khh;f;Nfz;la Guhzj;jpYk;> gftj; fPijapYk; ,r;rk;gtj;ij Fwpj;J kpfTk; tphpthf tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjhtJ mt;nts;sg; gpusaj;jpy; kdpj [Ptuhrpfs; midj;Jk; mope;J Ngha;tpl;ld. mNj Neuk; VO hp\pfisj; jtpu. mth;fisg; gw;wp epiwa ,lq;fspy; ehd; Fwpg;gpl;bUf;fpNwd;. me;j VO hp\pfSk; cyfshtpa mt;nts;sg; ngUf;fpypUe;J xU fg;gypy; Vwpj; jg;gpdh;. mf;fg;giy tp\;Z (,iwtd;) nrYj;jpdhd;. jg;gpath;fspy; kpfTah;e;j Xh; kdpjUk; ,Ue;jhh;. mth;jhd; kD}(E}`;jhd;) vd;gij ehd; ,d;Ndhhplj;jpYk; cWjpg;gLj;jp ,Uf;fpNwd;. mJkl;Lkpd;wp vdf;Fj; njhpe;jtiu vj;jid tpf;u` Mjhjidf;Fhpa $l;lq;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wdNth mitfspy; vJTNk ,j;jid tphpthf mt;nts;sg; ngUf;ifg; gw;wp tpghpf;ftpy;iy. md;wp mr;rk;gtj;ij %]h egpapd; njsuhj; Ntjk; tphpthf tpsf;FksTf;F ,eJ Ntjq;fs;jhd; tpghpf;fpd;wd. ,J mth;fspd; Ntjk; kpf kpfg; goikahdJ vd;gjw;Fhpa MjhukhFk;. NkYk; ,ij vy;NyhUNk xg;Gf; nfhs;sTk; nra;fpd;wdh;. - Mjhuk;: Hindu Manners Customs and Ceremonies, page 100. NkYk; E}`; egp gw;wpAk; mth;fSila fhyj;jpy; epfo;ej ; nts;sg;gpusak; gw;wpAk; gtp\;a GuhzKk;> kpj;]pag; GuhzKk; $lg; NgRfpd;wd. mJgw;wp gpd;dhy; ehk; tpghpg;Nghk;. ,dp kD} vd;.Dk; gjk; ,e;J kjthjpfspy; gyNgUf;Fg; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. vdp;Dk; Guhzq;fSk; Ntjq;fSk; kw;WKs;s ,e;Jkj E}y;fSk; ve;j kD}itf; Fwpj;J tphpthfg; NgRfpwNjh me;j kD} E}`; egpjhd;.

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mjhtJ cyfpd; Kjy; kdpjuhd Mjikg; gw;wp> kD}tpd; tyg; gf;fj;jpypUe;J rj;&gh mjhtJ `t;th gpwe;jhh; vd vOjg;gl;Ls;sJ. E}y;: uhk;rhpj;ukhd;];> gf;fk; 154. NkYk; Ntjq;fspd; tphpTiuahsuhd Mq;fpNya E}yhrphpah; xUth; xU ke;jpuj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; kD} vd;Dk; gjj;jpw;F tphpTiu nra;Ak;NghJ fPo;f;fz;lthW vOJfpwhh;> mjhtJ: kD} kdpjFyj;jpd; topfhl;bahfTk; epfuw;wtuhfTk; ,Ue;jhh;. midj;J kdpj Fyj;jpd; je;ijahfTk; (nts;sg;gpusaj;jpw;F gpd; ,uz;lhk; Mjk; vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpd;wdh;) kdpj [Ptuhrpfspd; tho;f;ifia Kiwg;gLj;Jk; rl;lq;fshd \hPmj;ij Njhw;Wtpg;gtuhfTk; ,Ue;jhh;. E}y; hpf;Ntjk;> 1-13-4. Guhzq;fSk; Ntjq;fSk; E}`; egpiaf; FwpjJ tphpthfg; NgRtJ kl;Lkpd;wp ,d;ndhU ngUk; Mjhuj;ijAk; Kd;itj;J jhq;fs; E}`; egpapd; $l;lj;jhh; vd;gij Mjhug;gLj;Jfpd;wd. mjhtJ ngUk;ghd;ik r%fq;fs; jhq;fs; xU egpapd; $l;lj;ij rhh;e;jth;fs;jhndd;gij ntspr;rkpl;Lf; fhl;Lk; tifapy; mth;fSila fhyj;ij Fwpf;Fk; tUlq;fis my;yJ E}w;whz;Lfis Vw;gLj;Jth;. cjhuzkhf K];ypk;fs; K`k;kJ egpath;fspd; `p[;uj;jpypUe;J `p[;hp vd;Dk; Mz;il cUthf;Ffpd;wdh;. ,t;thNw fpw];Jth;fs; <]h egpath;fspd; kiwtpypUe;J fp.gp. vd;Dk; tUlj;ij cUthf;fpAs;sdh;. ,t;thNw ,e;Jf;fs; E}`; egpath;fspd; mt;nts;sg; gpusaj;jpd; xt;nthU mWgJ Mz;ilAk; xU tUlnkd;W vz;zhy; fzpf;fpd;wdh;. me;j tUlj;ijf; nfhz;Ljhd; mth;fs; mf;Fwpg;gpl;l rk;gtj;ijNa epidT $h;fpd;wdh;. Lgha;]; jdJ E}ypy; vOJfpwhh; ,e;Jf;fspd; Afj;jpy; fypAfk;; vd;gJ E}`; egpapd; nts;sg; gpusa fhyj;jpypUe;J jhd; Jtq;FfpwJ. mij mth;fs; epidT $wj;jf;f rk;gtkhff; fUJfpd;wdh;. ,d;Dk; mth;fsJ E}yhrphpah;fs; mij [yg;gpusahtd; my;yJ ePh;gn ; gUf;F vdg; ngahpl;L epidT $Wfpd;wdh;. ,g;NghJs;s Afj;jpd; tuyhW re;Njfkpd;wp me;j [yg;gpusaj;jpd; ,WjpapypUe;Jjhd; Jtq;Ffpd;wJ. NkYk; ,jpy; jpifg;Gf;Fhpa xU tprak;ahnjdpy; ,e;Jf;fs; jkJ tho;;f;ifapd; kpf kpf Kf;fpakhd rk;gtq;fisAk;> gpugykhd tuyhWfisAk; ,JNghd;w vy;yh tifahd tuyhw;W epidTr; rpd;dq;fisAk; me;j [yg; gpusaj;jpd; ,WjpapypUe;J jhd; ,izj;J fzf;fpLfpd;wdh;. me;j [yg; gpusaj;jpw;Fg; gpd;Ds;s xt;nthU mWgJ Mz;ilAk; mth;fs; xU Mz;nld fzf;fpLfpd;wdh;. - Mjhuk;: Hindu Manners Customs and Ceremonies, page 100.

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,d;Dk; ,r;r%fj;jpw;Fk; E}`; egpf;Fkp(mth;fspd; thh;j;ijapy; kD}Tf;fp)ilNa xU neUf;fkhd gpizg;Gz;L vd;gjw;Fhpa kw;WNkhh; MjhukhdJ> mth;fSila kjE}y;fspy; kD}];kpUjp vd;gjw;F xU Fwpg;ghd ,lj;ij je;J mth;fs; itj;jpUg;gNjahFk;. ,Jtiu ,e;Jkjk; gw;wpAk; mth;fspd; tuyhW gw;wpAk; mth;fSila kjE}y;fisg; gw;wpAk; mjw;Fk; E}`; egpf;FkpilNa cs;s neUf;fkhd njhlh;ig gw;wpAk; ry cjhuzq;fis cq;fspd; ghh;itf;F vLj;Jf; fhl;bNdhk;. ,JNghd;Nw E}`; egpapd; r%f kf;fisf; Fwpj;J NgRfpd;w Gfhhp vd;Dk; fpue;jj;jpd; `jPi]Ak; Kd;dhy; cq;fspd; ghh;itf;F ehk; je;Js;Nshk;. mjpy; ehk; E}`; egpapd; r%fj;jhh; E}`; egpath;fis egpnad;W Ghpe;J nfhs;shky; cs;sdh; vd;Wk;> ,t;thNw E}`; egpNahL jq;fSf;Fg; gphpf;f Kbahj xU ,Wf;fkhd rk;ge;jKk; ,Uf;fpd;wnjd;gijAk; ehk; Fwpg;gpl;Nlhk;. mj;Jld; me;j `jPi]f; nfhz;L ,Wjp ehspy; K`k;kj; egpAila r%fj;jhh; E}`; egpath;fs; jkJ r%fj;jhhplk; jk;kplk; jug;gl;l J}Jj;Jtj;ij xg;gilj;jJ cz;ikjhndd;W rhl;rpAk; nrhy;thh;fnsd;Wk; ehk; Rl;bf; fhl;bNdhk;. ,itfnsy;yhk; ekf;F tpsf;fpf; fhl;Lk; xU cz;ik vd;dntdpy; E}`; egpapd; ,e;j ,e;Jr; r%fk; jhd; tpiutpy; K`k;kj; egpapd; r%fj;jhuhf khwg; Nghfpd;wdh; vd;gNj. Mf ,e;j cz;ikfsidj;Jk; njhpa te;J jk;ik K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; r%fj;jpy; ,izj;Jf; nfhz;l gpd;dNu ,th;fs; rhl;rp nrhy;thh;fs; vd;gjhk;. NkYk; ,t;tsT Mjhuq;fis ehk; ghh;j;j NghjpYk; ,d;ndhU ngUk; Mjhuj;ijAk; (rhl;rpia) ehk; ghh;f;f Ntz;bAs;sJ. mJjhd; K`k;kj; egpath;fSf;F mUsg;gl;l jpUf;Fh;Md; vd;Dk; Ntjj;jpd; MjhukhFk;. ,g;NghJ mijAk; ghh;j;J tpLNthNk! jpUf;Fh;Mdpd; rhl;rp ,g;G+kpapYs;s vy;yh r%fj;ijAk; ehk; ,U gphpthfg; gphpf;fyhk;. mjpnyhd;W>]hk; cila $l;lk; (Semetic Races) kw;nwhd;W ]hk; my;yhjhhpd; $l;lk; (Non-Semetic Races). ]hky;yhj $l;lj;jpypUe;Jjhd; Mhpa tk;rNk Njhd;WfpwJ. ,t;thW ]hk; cila $l;lj;jpypUe;Jjhd; A+jh;fs;> fpwp];Jth;fs;> muigr; rhh;e;j gdP ,];khaPypd; $l;lq;fs; Njhd;wpd. ,d;Dk; cyfpy; kdpj ,dk; ,U gphpthfg; gphptijf; Fwpj;Jk; mjpy; xU gphpT E}`; egpAld; njhlh;G nfhz;bUe;jJ vd;gijf; Fwpj;Jk; jpUf;Fh;Md; cWjpg;gLj;Jtijg; ghUq;fs;. mth;fs; MjKila re;jjpapYk;> E}`{ld; Vwpath;fspYk;> ,g;wh`Pk; kw;Wk; ,];whaPYila re;jjpapYk; ehk; Neh;topapy; Njh;e;njLj;jth;fspy;
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cs;sth;fshd egpkhh;fshfpa mth;fs; kPJ my;yh`; mDf;fpu`k; nra;jth;fshth;. mth;fs; kPJ u`;khDila trdq;fs; Xjg;gl;lhy; rputzf;fk; nra;jth;fshfTk; mOjth;fshfTk; tpOe;J tpLthh;fs;. -my;Fh;Md; R+wh kh;ak; trdk; 58. jpUf;Fh;Mdpd; ,t;trdj;ijf; nfhz;L MjKila re;jjpapypUe;J E}`; egpapd; re;jjpfs; jdpahfg; gp;hpf;fg;gLtij ehk; ghh;f;fyhk;. ,J Nghd;Nw ,g;wh`Pk; egp> a/$g; egp Nghd;Nwhh; mjhtJ gdP ,];khaPy;> ,];uhaPy;fspd; re;jjpfSk; Ntwhfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wdh;. ,jpy; gdP: ,];khaPYila re;jjpAk;> gdP: ,];whaPYila re;jjpAk; ]hKila re;jjpfs; vd;gij ehk; tuyhWfisf; nfhz;L njhpe;J nfhs;fpNwhk;. mt;thwhapd; ,e;epiyapy; E}`; egpapd; re;jjpfs; ]hky;yhj (NonSemetic) Mhpahpd; re;jjpfshfj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,th;fs; cyfpd; ngUk;ghyhd ehLfspd;wp ,e;jpa Njrj;jpy;jhd; kpf mjpfkhf tho;e;J tUfpd;wdh;. ehk; ,g;gbr; nrhy;tjhy; ,e;j ,lj;jpy; cq;fSf;F ,g;gbnahU re;Njfk; voyhk;. mjhtJ> E}`; egpAld; mth;fSila fg;gypy; ,ize;jpUe;Njhiu mth;fSila r%fj;jhnud;W vg;gbr; nrhy;y KbAnkd;W Nfl;fyhk;. Vnddpy; xU egpAila r%fj;jhuhf ,Ug;gjw;F me;j egpAila re;jjpahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lnkd;w mtrpakpy;iy my;yth! cjhuzkhf ehk; ,];yhkpah;fs;. K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; r%fj;jhh;. ,Ue;Jk; ek;kpNy ngUk;ghNyhh; mth;fspd; re;jjpmy;y. mth;fSila r%fj;jhh; kl;Lk;jhd;. fhuzk; mth;fis ehk; ek;Kila u]_nyd;W mq;fPfhpj;jpUf;fpNwhk; my;yth! ,J Nghd;Nw %]h egpAila r%fj;jhh; <]h egpath;fis jq;fspd; egpahf Vw;Ws;sdh;. mth;fis <]h egpath;fspd; r%fj;jhnud;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ. ,NjNghy E}`; egpAld; nts;sg;gpusaj;jpd; NghJ mth;fNshbUe;J mg;NguoptpypUe;J jg;gp mth;fs; kPJ tpRthrk; nfhz;bUe;jhh;fNs mth;fs; E}`; egpAila r%fj;jhuhfj;jhd; ,Ue;jdh;. mt;thW E}`; egpNahbUe;j mth;fSila re;jjpfs;jhd; Mhpah; vd;Dk; ,g;NghJs;s ,e;Jr; r%fk; MFk;. ,d;Dk; ,th;fs; E}`; egpf;Fg; gpd; te;j kw;w egpkhh;fis jq;fspd; egpahf Vw;Wf; nfhs;s ,th;fs; ,g;NghJ kWf;fpd;wdh;. mjdhy;jhd; ehk; mth;fisg; gw;wp E}`; egpapd; r%fk; my;yJ E}`; egpapd; ck;kj; vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpNwhk;. ,jpy; mth;fs; E}`; egpiaAk; ,g;NghJ jq;fspd; egpahf Vw;Wf; nfhs;s kWf;fpd;wdh; vd;gJk;> jhq;fs; mth;fSila r%fk;jhd; vd;gijAk; xg;Gf; nfhs;s kWf;fpd;wdh; vd;gJk;> vjdhnydpy; mth;fs; jq;fspd; egpia flTspd; mtjhuk;; vd;Dk; nfhs;ifapy; njhiyj;J tpl;lJjhd; mjw;Fhpa fhuzkhFk; vd;why; kpifay;y. mj;jpahak; 3
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Fh;Mdpy; ,e;J r%fk;

Fh;Mdpd; kPJ Fw;wr;rhl;L

ngUk;ghd;ikahd njspe;j rpe;jidAs;s ,e;Jf;fspy; gyh; ,];yhj;jpd; cahpa topfhl;lyhy; ftug;gl;L Fh;MDila kfj;Jtj;ijg; ghuhl;bg; NgRk; mNjNeuk; Fh;Md; vj;jidNah r%fq;fisf; Fwpj;Jg; NgrpdhYk; vq;fisf; Fwpj;J xd;WNk Ngrtpy;iyNa vd Fh;Mdpd; kPJ Fw;wk; rhl;Lfpd;wdh;. ,jpymth;fspd; Fw;wr;rhl;L jtwhd xd;nwd;gij ehk; gy tifahd tpsf;fq;fisf; nfhz;L tpghpg;Nghk;. Vnddpy; ek;kpilNaAs;s rpyh; $l ,g;gbg;gl;l Xh; Fw;wr;rhl;il Fh;Mdpd; kPJ jk;ikAk; mwpahkNy Rkj;jp tplf; $lhjy;yth! =fq;fh gpurhj; cghj;ahah vd;ghh; Fh;Mid mugp nkhopapy; fw;W ch;J n khopapy; k]hgP`{y; ,];yhk; vd;Dk; ngahpy; E}nyhd;iw vOjpdhh;. mjpypUe;J xUgFjpia cq;fspd; ghh;itf;fhf jUfpNwhk;. jpUf;Fh;Mdpd; gy ,lq;fspy; ,iwtd; gy;NtW r%f kf;fspilNa gy egp;khh;fis mDg;Gfpwhd;. ,Ug;gpDk; Fwpg;gpLkstpw;F ahiug; gw;wpAk; Fwpg;gpl;Lr; nrhy;ytpy;iy. ,jpy; eifg;gpw;Fhpa tp\ak; vd;dntdpy; kpf kpfg; goikahd r%f kf;fs; ,Uf;fpwhh;fNs mth;fspd; Fz xOf;fq;fs;> tuyhWfs; Nghd;wit Mapuf;fzf;fhd Mz;LfSf;F Ke;jpaitfshFk;. cjhuzkhf ,e;jpah> rPdh Nghd;witfis Fwpg;gplyhk;. Mdhy; mitfisg; gw;wpa xU irf;fpidia $l fhNzhk;. Mjyhy; ,j; njspitf;nfhz;L vij Fh;Md; vd;Wk; fyhnk k[Pnjd;Wk; $wg;gLfpwNjh mjw;Fk; ghku kdpj r%fj;jpw;Fk; mwNt rk;ge;jkpy;iy. -E}y;: k]hgP`{y; ,];yhk; gf;fk; 43. cz;ikjhd;. Fh;Midf; nfhz;L Kjd;Kjy Kd;Ndhf;fg;gl;lth;fs; muG ehl;lth;fs;jhd;. vdpDk; ,U Mapuj;J ehD}W Mz;Lfs; goikahdNjhh; E}y; kl;Lky;y. cyfpd; ,Wjptiu mjpy; epfog;NghFk; midj;J tp\aq;fSk; $wg;gl;l Ntjnkd;why; cyfpd; kpf kpfg; goikahd xU kjj;ijg; gw;wp my;yJ xU r%fj;ijg; gw;wpa tprak; k;Lk; vg;gb ,y;yhky; NghFk;? vJ Mapuf;fzf;fhd Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dhypUe;J ,d;Wtiu kpfg; nghpa r%fkhf ,Ue;J nfhz;Ls;sNjh mijg; gw;wp Fh;Md; vg;gb NgrhkypUf;f KbAk;? ,J Fh;Mdpd; kPJ Rkj;jg;gLfpw xU Fw;wr;rhl;lhFk;. vd;d? ehk; vg;NghjhtJ Fh;Mdpy; ,e;J r%f kf;fis gw;wp vq;Nf Ngrg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gijj; Njbg; ghh;j;Njhkh>? Mk;. Fh;Mdpy; ,e;J vd;Dk; thh;j;ij vq;NfAk; fhzg;gltpy;iy vd;gJ vd;dNth cz;ikjhd;. mg;gbahdhy; <]haP> fpwp];bad; vd;Dk; thh;j;ij kl;Lk; Fh;Mdpy; vq;NfahtJ nrhy;yg;gl;bUf;fpwjh vd;d? mjdhy; Fh;Md; fpwpj;Jth;fisg; gw;wp vq;NfAk; Ngrtpy;iy vd;W nrhy;yptplyhkh? my;yJ epidj;Jf; nfhs;syhkh? mNjNeuk; Fh;Md; fpwpj;Jth;fisg; gw;wp
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e]huh vd;Dk; ngahpy; NgRfpwJ. NkYk; cyfpYs;s ve;jf; fpwpj;;JtUk; jk;ik e]huh vd;W nrhy;tjpy;iy. ,Ug;gpDk; Fh;Md; e]huh vd fpwpj;Jth;fis Fwpj;Jj;jhd; NgRfpwJ vd;gij ehk;; njhpe;J itj;jpUf;fpNwhk;. ,J Nghd;Nw ,d;W ve;jr; r%fk; jd;id ,e;J vdr;nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUf;fpwNjh me;jr; r%fj;ijg; gw;wp Fh;Md; NtnwhU ngahpy;Ngrpf; nfhz;bUf;fyhky;yth! Fh;Md; $Wk; r%fkidj;Jk; tpsf;fg;gltpy;iy jpUf;Fh;Mdpy; gy r%fq;fisf; Fwpj;J Ngrg;gl;Ls;sJ. mtw;wpy; gy $l;lq;fisg; gw;wp Ntj tpahf;ahdpfs; tpsf;fpf; fhl;lhkNy tpl;Ls;sdh;. cjhuzkhf m];`hgh;u]; nfsnkJg;g/ Nghd;witfisf; Fwpg;gplyhk;. mjpYk; Fwpg;ghf ]hapgPd; vd;nwhU $l;lk; ,th;fisg; gw;wp Fh;Md;> tpRthrpfs;-fpwpj;Jth;fs;-A+jh;fs; Nghd;w ngUk;ghd;ik $l;lj;jhNuhL ,izj;Jg; NgRfpwJ. mJ gw;wpa trdj;ijg; ghUq;fs; jpldhf (ehtpdhy kl;Lk;) <khd; nfhz;lhh;fNs mth;fSk; v`{jpfshfptpl;lhh;fNs mth;fSk;>e]uhf;fSk;> ]hgpaPd;fSk; (,th;fspy;) ahh; my;yh`;itf; nfhz;Lk; ,Wjpehisf; nfhz;Lk; tpRthrk; nfhz;L ,zf;fkhdtw;iw nra;jhh;fNsh mth;fSf;F mth;fspd; $yp mth;fSila ,ul;rfdplKs;sJ. NkYk; mth;fSf;F mr;rKkpy;iy. mth;fs; rypf;fTk; khl;lhh;fs;. my;Fh;Md; R+wh gfuh trdk; 62. ,e;j trdj;jpy; ]hapgPd; vd;Dk; r%fk; fpwpj;Jth;fs;-A+jh;fs; Nghd;w r%fj;jhUld; ,ize;J Ngrg;gLfpd;wJ. ,J kl;Lky;y. Fh;Madpy; ]hapgPd;fisf; Fwpj;J vq;nfy;yhk; Ngrg;gLfpd;wNjh mq;nfy;yhk; mth;fs; ngUk; ngUk; r%fj;NjhNuhLjhd; ,izj;Jg; Ngrg;gLfpd;wdh;. ,j;jid Kf;fpaj;Jtk; jug;gLfpd;w> mjpYk; Fwpg;ghf Fh;Md; ngUk; ngUk; r%fj;jhNuhL ,izj;jg; Ngrpf;fhl;Lfpd;w me;j r%fj;ij ,d;Wtiu ehk; Njbg; ghh;f;fNt ,y;iy vd;gJ kl;Lk; cz;ik. mj;Jld; K];ypk;> A+j> fpwpj;Jt r%fq;fisg; Nghd;W tUq;fhyq;fspYk; cyfpYs;s gy;NtW kjq;fspy; xd;whf ,Ue;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; xd;iw ekJ NjLjy; tphpthf ,d;wp xU tl;lj;jpw;Fs;NsNa RUq;fpg; Ngha;tpl;lnjd;Wjhd; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. gpd;Dk; Fh;Md; Fwpg;gpLtijg; Nghy ,];yhkpa> A+j> fpwpj;Jt kjq;fs; ngUk;ghd;ikahdit vdpy; mjpy; ]hgpaPd; vd;nwhU ngUk;ghd;ik kjnkhd;W ,Uf;f Ntz;Lky;yth? thUq;fs;. ekJ ghh;itia ,d;Dk; nfhQ;rk; mfykhf;fpf; nfhz;L Njbg;ghh;g;Nghk;.

33

jpUf;Fh;Mdpy; kdpjFyj;jpw;F xU Gjpa rl;lg;gbtj;ij (\hPmj;ij) mwpKfg;gLj;Jk; u]_y;khh;fis Fh;Md; jdpikg;gLj;jp jpUk;gj; jpUk;g mth;fisg; gw;wp NgRfpwJ. mth;fspy; E}`; egp> ,g;wh`pk; egp> %]h egp> <]h egp> K`k;kj; egp MfpNahh; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fth;fs;. cjhuzkhf ,d;Dk; egpkhh;fsplk; thf;FWjp ngw;wNghJ> ,d;Dk; ck;kplKk;> ,d;Dk; E}`plKk;> ,d;Dk; ,g;wh`PkplKk;> ,d;Dk; %]htplKk;> ,d;Dk; kh;akpd; ike;juhd <]htplKk; ehk; gykhd thf;FWjpia thq;fpNdhk; -my;Fh;Md; R+wh m];`hg; trdk; 7. E}`{f;F vjid mtd; cgNjrpj;jhNdh mjidNa cq;fSf;Fk; mtd; khh;f;fkhf;fp ,Uf;fpwhd;. MfNt> (egpNa) ehk; ckf;F t`P %yk; mwptpg;gJk; ,g;wh`Pk;> %]h> <]h KjyhNdhUf;F ehk; cgNjrpj;jJk; (vd;dntdpy; ePq;fs; xUkpj;J) khh;f;fj;ij epiy epWj;Jq;fs;. mjpy; gphptpid nra;J nfhs;shjPh;fs; vd;gNjahFk;.-my;Fh;Md; R+wh \_wh trdk; 13. ehk; ghh;f;fpNwhk;. Fh;Mdpy; ve;nje;j ngUk;ghd;ik r%ff; $l;lq;fisg; gw;wpg; Ngrg;gLfpwNjh mitaidj;Jk; xd;whf ,izj;Nj Ngrg;gLfpd;wd. mit ,];yhk;> A+jk;> fpwp];Jtk; kw;Wk; ]hapaPd;fspd; $l;lq;fshFk;. ,JNghd;Nw GJg;GJ \hPmj;ij (kdpjFy tho;tpay; rl;lk;) nfhz;L te;j u]_y;khh;fSk; xd;whf ,izj;Nj gy;NtW ,lq;fspy; Ngrg;gLfpd;wdh;. mth;fs; K`k;kj; egp> <]h egp> %]h egp> E}`; egp MfpNahh;fshFk;. ,jpy; ,];yhkpa r%fk; K`k;kj; egpiaj; jq;fspd; ,Wjpj; J}juhf ek;Gfpd;wdh;. ,t;thNw fpwp];Jth;fs; <]h egpiaAk;> A+jh;fs; %]h egpiaAk; jq;fspd; J}Jtuhf ek;Gfpd;wdh;. ,JNghd;Nw ]hapgPPd;fs;? ahiu jq;fspd; J}juhf ek;Gfpd;wdh;? ,J kl;Lk; ekf;Fj; njhpatpy;iy. ,d;Dk; NahrpAq;fs;. K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; r%fj;jhh; K];ypk;fs;. <]h egpapd; r%fj;jhh; fpwp];Jth;fs;. %]h egpapd; r%fj;jhh; A+jh;fs;. E}`; egpapd; r%fj;jhh;? ahUf;Fk; njhpahJ. xUNtis mth;fs;jhd; ]hgpaPd;fNsh! Fwpg;G: ,g;wh`Pk; egpath;fspd; r%fj;jhhpy; A+jh;fs;> fpwp];Jth;fs;> K];ypk;fs; Nghd;w midtUk; ,ize;Js;sdh;. Vnddpy; midtUk; mth;fis egpnad;Nw ek;Gfpd;wdh;. ,jpy; ,g;wh`Pk; egpia kl;Lk; xg;Gf; nfhz;L mth;fSf;Fg; gpd; te;j ve;jnthU egpiaAk; xg;Gf;

34

nfhs;skhl;Nlhk; vd;W $Wfpd;w xU jdpf; $l;lk; ,d;Wtiu ,g;G+kpapy; cUthftpy;iy. E}`; egpapd; r%fk;jhd; ]hapgPd;! Ntj tphpTiu E}yhd jg;]Ph; ,g;D fjPhpy; mg;Jh; u`;khd; gpd; i]j; vd;ghh; ]hapgPd;fs; jk;ik E}`; egpapd; khh;f;fj;ij rhh;e;jth;fs; vdf; $wp te;jjhff; $Wfpwhh;. ,t;thNw ]hapgPd;fis Fwpj;J fyP:gh ckh;> ,khk; mG+ `dPgh> ,khk; ,];`hf;> mG];]dhj;> Fh;Jgp> ,g;D ijkpa;ah> ,khk; f];]hyp> ,khk; uh/fpg;> kMypk;> ,g;D ]{iuh;> ,g;D fjPh;> ,khk; ]{i`yp> my;yhkh \t;f;fhdp> fhop igohtp> mg;Jy; kh[pj; jh;ahghjp> Riykhd; ej;tp Nghd;Nwhh;fspd; fUj;Jf;fis ,q;Nf ehk; cq;fSf;fhf njhFj;Jj; jUfpNwhk;. 1. vq;Nf ,g;wh`Pk; egpath;fs; gpwe;jhh;fNsh mq;Nf <uhf;fpYs;s ch; vd;Dk; gFjpiar; Nrh;e;jth;fs; ,th;fs; (]hapgPd;fs;) ch; kw;Wk; ,e;jpahtpd; fyhr;rhuKk; xNu khjphpahf ,Ue;jjhy; ,t;tpU gFjpiaAk; Nrh;e;jth;fshd ,th;fs; jq;fspd; fyhr;rhu ehfhPf Kiwfshy; kpfTk; neUq;fpapUe;jdh;. 2. Ntjf;fhuh;fshf ,Ue;jdh;. (,J Fh;Mdpy; ]hapgPd;fis Fwpj;J NgRk;Nghnjy;yhk; xt;nthU ,lj;jpYk; Ntjk; nfhLf;fg;gl;l r%fj;jhNuhL ,izj;Jj;jhd; ,th;fs; Ngrg;gLfpd;wdh;. ]hapgPd;fsplk; E}`; egpath;fs; ve;j Ntjr;Rtbfis nfhz;L te;jhh;fs; vd;gijf; Fwpj;J mLj;J tUk; gf;fq;fspy; ehk; NgRNthk;) 3. yh,yh` ,y;yy;yh`; vd;W $wp te;jdh;. K\;hpf;Ffshf(,iz itg;gth;fshf) ,Ue;jdh;. (,e;Jf;fspd; fypkhTk; yh,yh` ,y;yy;yh`; jhd; vd;gij gpd;dhy; ehk; tpsf;FNthk;.) 4. vkid Nehf;fp Kfj;ij jpUg;gp tzq;fp te;jdh;. (,e;J kjthjpfspy; ngUk;ghNyhh; ngUkstpy; vkdpy; tho;e;J te;jdh; vd;gij Kd;dhy; ehk; Mjhug;gLj;jpAs;Nshk;. ,d;Wk; $l mq;Nf \pahk; kw;Wk; ,e;J vd;Dk; ngahpy; mike;j Nfhl;ilfs; cs;sd) 5. ]hapgPd;fs; vd;gJ m[kp (mugpay;yhj ) ngauhFk;. 6. thdth;fis G+[pf;fpd;w $l;lk; ,J. (,e;J kjj;jpYs;s ngUk;ghyhd NjtijfSf;Fhpa cUtq;fisf; nfhz;l rpiyfs; thdth;fspd; cUtq;fshFk;. mijj;jhd; ,th;fs; G+[pj;J tUfpd;wdh;.) 7. el;rj;jpuq;fisAk; thdrh];jpuj;ijAk; ek;Gfpd;wth;fs; ,th;fs;. cyfpYs;s r%fq;fspy ,e;J r%f kf;fisg; Nghy thdrh];jpuj;jpy; ,t;tsT ek;gpf;if nfhz;Nlhiu NtW vq;Fk; ghh;f;f KbahJ)

35

8. el;rj;jpuq;fis G+[pf;fpd;wth;fs;. (gy;NtW tifahd el;rj;jpuq;fisAk; Nfhsq;fisAk; G+i[ nra;Ak; Kiwfis ,g;NghJs;s ,e;Jkj E}y;fspy; $l ghh;f;fyhk;) 9. neUg;ig G+[pf;fpd;wth;fs;. (,J ,e;Jr; r%fj;jpy; jpUkzk;> ahfk;> gpzj;ij vhpj;jy; Nghd;witfspy; ,g;NghJk; eilngw;W tUfpwJ) 10. neUg;ig tzq;Fk; <uhdpa r%fj;jpdh;. (,th;fSk; neUg;ig G+[pj;jdh;. ,e;Jf;fSk; neUg;ig G+[pj;J tUfpd;wdh;. ,th;fsh;jhd; Mhpah;fs;. mq;fpUe;Jjhd; <uhdpah;fs; ,e;jpahTf;F te;jdh;) 11. rka topghl;Lf;fhf gfy; fhyq;fspy; gy Kiw Fspf;fpd;wth;fs;. (rka topghl;Lf;fh vd cyfpy; ];ehdk; nra;Ak; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; kw;nwy;yh kjq;fis tplTk; ,e;J kjj;jpy;jhd; kpf mjpfkhff; fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,th;fspd; ve;jnthU G+i[Ak; ];ehdkpd;wp eilngWtjpy;iy. ,jd;wp gy;NtW rkaq;fspy; $l;Lf;FspaYk; eilngWtJz;L) 12. ,U khh;f;fj;(kjj;)jpypUe;J ,d;ndhU khh;f;fj;jpw;Fs; Eiothh;fs;. (,e;j ,e;Jr; r%f kf;fs;jhd; ,];yhj;ij Vw;W tpRthrpg;ghh;fs;. ,ij ehk; Kd;dhy; cWjpg;gLj;jpAs;Nshk;) 13. kaq;fp tpLgth;fs;. gzpe;J Nghfpwth;fs;. (khw;W r%f $l;lj;ijf; Fwpj;j `jPjpy; ,th;fs;jhd; Nfhbl;L fhl;lg;gLfpd;wdh;. ,JTk; Kd;dhy; $wg;gl;L tpl;lJ) Nkw;fz;l milahsq;fs; kw;Wk; Fwpg;Gfsidj;Jk; ]hapgPd;fis; Fwpj;J Ntj tpahf;ahdpfshYk; mwpQh; ngUkf;fshYk; jug;gl;Ls;sitfshFk;. ,jpy; Mr;rhpaj;jpw;Fhpa tp\ak; vd;dntdpy; mth;fisf; Fwpj;J fhl;lg;gLk; milahsq;fSk; Fwpg;GfSk; KOf;f KOf;f ,e;J r%f kf;fSf;Fj;jhd; nghUe;Jfpd;wd vd;gNj. NkYk; ,e;j mwpQh;fs; xt;Nthh; fhyfl;lj;jpYk; xt;nthU r%fj;jpdiu epidj;J nrhy;ypapUe;jhYk; $l ,f;fhyj;jpy; mf;Fwpg;Gfsidj;Jk; xNunahU r%fj;jhUf;F kl;Lk;jhd; nghUe;JfpwJ vd;W nrhy;yg;gl;lhy;> mJ ,e;J r%ff; $l;lk;jhd; vd;W jpz;zkhf nrhy;yyhk;. NkYk; Kd;dh; jdpj;jdp $l;lj;jhh; kPJ nghUe;jpapUe;j mf;Fwpg;Gfspd; milahsq;fisf;nfhz;l mth;fs; gpd;dh; jq;fspd; ,Ug;gplq;fist pl;L ,lk; ngah;e;J ,e;jpa kz;zpy; te;J FbNawp xd;whf ,ize;jpUf;fyhk; my;yth! ,dpAk; ]hapgPd;fs; vd;Dk; $l;lk; ahiuf; Fwpf;fpd;wnjd;gjpy; re;Njfk; VJkpUg;gjhf ekf;Fj; Njhd;wtpy;iy. xU Ntis Kd;dh; gy $l;lq;fnsd Fwpg;Gj; jug;gl;bUe;jhYk; mitfnsy;yhk; cz;ikjhndd ek;gg;gl;bUe;jhYk; ,d;iwa fhyj;jpy; ]hapgPd;fnsd;Dk; $l;lj;jhh; ,e;jpa kz;zpy; ,d;W tho;e;J tUk; ,e;J r%f kf;fisj; jtpu NtW ahUkpy;iy vd;gJ Mjtdpd; gpufhrk; Nghy; ekf;F ntspr;rkhfptpl;lJ.

36

mLj;J ,Jtiu ehk; Nghjpj;jit midj;Jk; \h`; typAy;yh`; mth;fspd; Xh; Ma;Tf; Fwpg;igf; nfhz;L epug;gg;gl tpy;iynadpy; mJ FiwAs;sjhfNt MfptpLkhifahy; mth;fspd; Fwpg;igAk; je;J epiwT gLj;JfpNwhk;. ;k]P`; (<]h egp) vj;jid khz;Gf;Fhpa kdpjnudpy; mth;fs; jkJ topfhl;liy gdP ,];uNtyh;fsy;yhj ]haPgPd;fshfpa Mhpah;fsplKk; vj;jpitf;f Kaw;rp nra;jdh;.-E}y;: my;Gh;fhd; gNuyp> gf;fk; 304. <uhd; mf;fhyj;jpy; Mhpad; mjhtJ ]hapgPd;fspd; jiyik Nfe;jpukhf tpsq;fp te;jJ. Mdhy; mjw;F Kd;Ng ,e;jpahTf;F ,j;jiyikj;jdk; fpilj;jpUe;jJ.-E}y;: my;Gh;fhd; gNuyp gf;fk; 310. mLj;J Riykhd; ej;tpapd; Ma;Tf; Fwpg;nghd;iwAk; ghUq;fs;. mth; ]hapgPd;fs; vd;Nghh; kpfg;goikahd ,e;jpa Njrj;jth; vd;gjhff; $Wfpwhh; topnfLg;Nghh; kw;Wk; topnfl;Nlhh; Ntjf;fhuh;fspYk; cs;sdh;. mth;fs; jj;jk; jkJ Fz xOf;fq;fSf;Fj; jFe;jthW Ntjf;fhuh;fspy; mike;Js;sdh;. mth;fis ,U gphpthh;fshf Fh;Md; ekf;Ff; fhl;bj; jUfpwJ. mjpy; xU gphpthh; neUg;ig tzq;Fk; k[_]pfs;. ,d;ndhU gphpthh; ]hapgPd;fs;. ,th;fs; goikahd <uhdpaUk; ,e;Jf;fSkhth;.-E}y;: gk;gha; cykhrig $l;l ciu gpg;uthp 1945. ,Wjpahf ,ijAk; ePq;fs; njhpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. xU kpff; Fiwe;j vz;zpf;ifiaf; nfhz;l xU $l;lk; ,d;Wk; <uhf;> \hk; Nghd;w ehLfspy; tho;e;J tUfpwJ. ,th;fs; jk;ik R+/gp vdf; $wpf; nfhs;fpd;wdh;. NkYk; a`;ah egpf;Fg; gpd; NtW ve;j egpiaAk; ,th;fs; Vw;Wf; nfhs;s kWf;fpd;wdh;. <]h egpiaf; $l ,th;fs; Vw;f kWf;fpd;wdh;. a`;ah egpf;F Ke;ija egpkhh;fis kl;Lk; ,th;fs; Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpd;wdh;. xUNtis Fh;Md; $Wk; ]hapgPd;fs; ,th;fs;jhNdh vd;gjhf ePq;fs; Nahrpf;fyhk;. Mdhy; Riykhd; ej;tp> cigJy;yh`; rpe;jP NGhd;w cyif Rw;wp tUk; cyfg; ghh;itahsh;fshd cykhf;fs;> ]hapgPd;fs; vd;Nghh; ,e;Jf;fs; jhd; vd;gij cWjpahfr; nrhy;fpd;wdh;. mj;Jld; ,e;j R+/gp $l;lj;jhhplk; mth;fs; Ntjf;fhuh;fs; vd;gijj; jtpu Ntj tpahf;fpahdpfs; kw;Wk; mwpQh;fs; jUk; milahsf; Fwpg;Gf;fs; Nghd;wit vJTk; fhzg;gltpy;iy. vdNt ,Jtiu jpUf;Fh;Mdpd;
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tpsf;fj;ijf; nfhz;L ehk; tpsf;fpf;fhl;bag y $l;lj;jhhpy; ]hapgPd; vd;Dk; thjk; me;j R+/gp vd;Dk; $l;lj;jhUf;Fk; nghUe;jyhk;. ,y;iynad ehk; kWf;f KbahJ. ,Ug;gpDk; ,e;jpahtpYs;s ,e;Jr; r%fk; jhd; ]hapgPd; vd;gJ re;Njfj;jpd; rhay; $lg;gLtjw;F mwNt tha;g;gpy;iy vd;gij kl;Lk; ek;khy; jpl;ltl;lkhf nrhy;y KbAk;. kpfTah;e;j jFjpAila ]hapgPd;fs; cq;fsplk; tUthh;fs;. ,d;Dk; mth;fs; cq;fsth;fshfp tpLthh;fs;. mth;fs; cq;fSf;F gpwF tUthh;fs;. mth;fs; cq;fs;Kd; Fdpe;J cq;fis Nehf;fp kpfTk; gzpNthL jpldhf ,iwtid md;wp NtnwhU flTs; ,y;iynad $Wthh;fs;. E}y;: iggps;> a];M egpapd; Ntjk;. 14 45 mth;fsidtUk; ntl;fkile;J gzpthh;fs;. mth;fs; rpiyfis cUthf;Ffpd;wth;fs;. jkf;Fs;NsNa ehzKWth;. -E}y;: iggps;> a];M egpapd; Ntjk;. 16 45 mj;jpahak; ehd;F xUikg;ghLk; Mjp ge;jKk;

khw;wj;jpd; njhlh;igf; fhz;f

mugpahpd; Md;k mopTf;Fg; gpd; ,d;W ehk; ve;jf; fhy fl;lj;jpy; tho;e;J nfhz;bUf;fpNwhNkh mjid ehk; Ma;T nra;tJ mtrpakhFk;. xU $l;lk; 1400 Mz;LfSf;F Kd; muG kz;zpy; khWjiyf; fz;lJ. ,g;NghJ ,e;jpa kz;zpYk; mg;gbg;gl;lnjhU khWjy; epfog;NghfpwJ. Mk;. ,U kjj;jpd; khw;wk; kw;Wk; topNfl;bd; ,Wjp vy;iyiaAk; ehk; ftdpj;jy; mtrpakhFk;. gpd;dh; ehk; jw;NghJs;s ,e;J kjj;jpw;Fk; ,];yhj;jpw;Fk; ,ilNaAs;s xw;Wik Ntw;Wik vd;ndd;d vd;gijAk; ehk; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjd;gpd; Kd;G muG kz;Zf;Fk; ,e;jpa Njrj;jpw;FkpilNa ,Ue;J te;j th;j;jf> thzpg kw;Wk; fyhr;rhuj; njhlh;G> Gtpapay; kw;Wk; Md;kf P hPjpahd njhlh;igAk; ehk; ghh;f;f Ntz;baJ mtrpakhFk;. Vnddpy; ve;jr; r%fj;jpw;F ehk; miog;G tpLf;f Ntz;bAs;sNjh me;j r%fj;jpd; xt;nthU Nfhzj;ijAk; mjd; ghpzhk tsh;r;rpiaAk; Kjypy; ehk; njhpe;jhf Ntz;Lk;. Mjyhy; ehk; Kjypy; kf;fhtpd; K\;hpfPd;fisg; gw;wpAk; ,g;NghJs;s ,e;Jr; r%f kf;fspd; topNfl;ilAk; ghh;g;Nghk;. xU jpifg;Gf;Fhpa xw;Wik

38

K`k;kj; egpath;fs; $wpdh;> ,];yhj;jpd; Jtf;fk; mwpahik epiyapypUe;J jhd; Njhd;wpw;W. ,dp mt;thNw ,];yhk; kPz;Lk; mwpahikf;Fs; Kd;gpUe;jthNw jpUk;gptpLk;. Mjyhy; mwpahikthjpfSf;F Rgr; nra;jp. -E}y;: K];ypk; <khd; gw;wpa gphpT gf;fk; 218 vd;d? ehk; ,d;W tWikia nfhz;L gpbf;fg;gl;l neUf;fbahd xU fhyj;jpy; tho;e;J nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iyah? ve;jf; fhyj;ij K`k;kj; egpAk; mth;jk; Njhoh;fSk; mDgtpj;jhh;fNsh mJ Nghd;wnjhU fhyj;ijj;jhNd ,g;NghJ ehKk; mDgtpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpNwhk;. o mth;fs; E}w;Wf; fzf;fhd rpiyfis md;W G+[pj;J te;jhh;fnsdpy; ,d;W ,th;fs; Mapuf;fzf;fhd rpiyfis G+[pj;J tUfpwhh;fs;. md;wpypUe;J ,d;Wtiu E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd> Mapuf;fzf;fhd rpiyfis G+[pf;fpd;w $l;lj;jhhpy; ,t;tpU $l;lj;jhiuad;wp NtW ve;j $l;lj;jhiuAk; ehk; ghh;f;ftpy;iy. o mth;fs; jq;fspd; ngz;Foe;ijfis capNuhL Gijj;J te;jdh;. ,th;fs; jq;fspd; kidtpkhh;fis capNuhL cld;fl;il vd;Dk; ngahpy; vhpj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;sdh;. ,J Nghd;Nw uh[];jhd; Nghd;w gFjpfspy; ,d;W $l ngz; Foe;ijfs; gpwe;jTlNd nfhz;L tpLfpd;wdh;. ,J ,g;NghJ jkpofj;jpYk; fhzg;gLfpwJ. o mth;fs; K`k;kJ egpath;fNshL rkhjhdj;jpw;Fhpa jpl;lq;fis nfhz;L te;jdh;. mjhtJ ePq;fs; vq;fSila nja;tq;fis jtwhfg; Ngr Ntz;lhk;. ehq;fs; cq;fSila ,iwtid Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpNwhk; vd;gjhf rkhjhdk; Ngrpdh;. gpd;Dk; ,th;fs; R+o;epiyf;Nfw;g xt;nthU kjKk; Nghjpf;fpd;w ey;yij Vw;W kdpj jh;kj;jpw;F cap&l;LNthk; vd;gjhf rkhjhdk; NgRfpd;wdh;. ,t;thW cyfpYs;s ve;jnthU kjthjpNah my;yJ kjkw;wtNuh my;yJ A+jh;fNsh fpwp];Jth;fNsh my;yJ fk;A+dp]j;ij rhh;e;jtNuh NgRtjpy;iy. md;wp ,th;fs; xt;nthUtUk; jj;jk; jq;fspd; ghijjhd; rhpahdnjd;W thjpj;J tUfpd;wdh;. o mth;fspd; Ntjr; Rtbfs; kiwe;J Ngha;tpl;bUe;jd. (,g;wh`Pk; egpapd; Ntjr;Rtbfs; vq;FNk fhzg;gltpy;iy) Mdhy; ,th;fspd; egp fhzhky; Ngha;tpl;bUf;fpwhh;. (,th;fs; jq;fspd; Ntjq;fis <];th; jhdP (flTspd; thh;j;ij) vd;gjhff; $Wfpd;wdh;. Mdhy; ,J ahh; kPJ ,wq;fpw;W vd;gJ ,th;fSf;Nf njhpahJ. vd;dnthU mjprakhd xw;Wik ghh;j;jPhf ; sh? ,t;tpUthpd; kjf; fyr;rhuk;> ek;gpf;if> eilKiw Nghd;witaidj;Jk; xNu khjphpahf mike;Js;sJ.
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,d;W ehk; ve;j khjphpahd epiyapy; ,Uf;fpNwhNkh mNj Nghd;wnjhU epiyapd; NghJjhd; K`k;kJ egpath;fs; kf;fspilNa Njhd;wpdh;. ,iwek;gpf;ifapd; rPh; Nfl;Lila ,Wjp tpspk;gpd; vy;iyAila ,Wjpf;fl;lj;jpy; kf;fhtpd; K\;hpf;Ffs; epd;W nfhz;bUe;jNghJ jhd; K`k;kj; egpath;fs; mtjhpj;jdh;. mNjtpjkhfj;jhd; ,e;J r%f kf;fSk; ,d;W ,Wjpf;fl;lj;jpy; epd;W nfhz;Ls;sdh;. Mjyhy; tuyhw;iwj; jpUg;gpg; ghh;g;gjpNyh my;yJ m th;fspd; khh;f;fj;ij jpUj;jp mikg;gjpNyh ,];yhkpah;fshf mth;fs; jk;ik Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tjw;Fhpa Kd;Ndw;ghL rk;ge;jkhd tpraj;jpNyh ehk; nfhQ;rk; $l jpifg;gila Ntz;ba mtrpakpy;iy. Vnddpy; kf;fhthrpfs; xl;Lnkhj;jkhf ,];yhj;ij Vw;gjw;F rpy tUlq;fSf;F Kd;Gtiu ahUk; epidj;Jf; $l ghh;j;jpUf;f khl;lhh;fs;. Mdhy; me;j ty;yik nghUe;jpa mUshsdpd; mwptpg;gpd; kPJ ek;gpf;if kl;Lk; gRik Fd;whjpUe;jJ. mj;Jld; cyf tuyhWk; mij jkJ fz;fshy; fz;lJ. Mifahy; ,d;W ntWkNd jkjwpitf; nfhz;L ,e;Jr; r%fk; ,];yhj;ij jOTjy; elf;fhj xd;nwdf; $wpdhYk; my;yh`; kw;Wk; mtdJ J}jhpd; Kd;dwptpg;G kl;Lk; fz;bg;ghfg; ngha;ahfhJ vd;gij ehk; ek;GNthk;. ,e;J K];ypk; ,izg;Gg;g ghyk; ,e;J ,t;Tyfpd; Kjy; \hPmj;ijf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU $l;lk;. ,JNghd;Nw K];ypk; ,t;Tyfpd; ,Wjp \hPmj;ijf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU $l;lk;. ,t;tpU $l;lj;ijAk; ,iwtDila `pf;kj;jhdJ xNu Njrkhfpa ,e;jpahtpy; ,izj;J itj;Js;sJ. ,jpy; ,e;jpahtpYs;s vy;yh Myaq;fSk;> k];[pJfSk; xNu fpg;yhit Nehf;fpNA fl;lg;gl;Ls;sd vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj; jf;fJ. Lgha;]; jdJ E}ypy; vOJfpwhh;. ngUk; ngUk; Nfhtpy;fs; kw;Wk; k];[pJfs; fl;lg;gl;Ls;s tpjk; mitfspd; fl;blf; fiy Nghd;wit mit GjpjhfNth my;yJ gioajhfNth ,Ue;jhYk; vy;yh ,lq;fspYk; xNu khjphpahfj;jhd; mike;Js;sd. cs;Ns EioAk; Njhw;wk; kl;Lk; INuhg;gpa ehfhPfj;jpy; mike;Js;sJ. ,e;j xw;Wik vy;yh Myaq;fspYk; k];[pJfspYk; mike;Js;sd. mit nghpaNjh rpwpaNjh vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; rhp -E}y;: Hindu Customs and Ceremonies Page 579. ,jpy; K];ypk;fs; jq;fspd; k];[pJfis vij Nehf;Fk; tifapy; fl;lg;glNtz;Lk; vd;gjw;Fhpa fhuzj;ij njhpe;J itj;Js;sdh;. Mdhy; ,e;Jf;fs; jq;fspd; Myaj;ij fpg;yhit Nehf;fp fl;bdhh;fs; vd;gjw;Fhpa fhuzk; mth;fSf;Nf njhpahJ. ,jw;F xt;nthUtUk; xt;nthU tifahd fhuzq;fisf; $wpdhYk; cz;ikahd fhuzk; vd;dntd;gJ mth;fspy; ahUf;FNk njhpahJ. xUNtis ,J jq ;fspd; f/ghTf;Fk; jq;fSf;FkpilNa cs;s njhlh;ig ntspg;gLj;jpf; fhl;Ltjhf
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,Uf;FNkh? mij ,d;W mth;fs; kwe;J eilKiwfs; kl;Lk; mg;gbNa jq;fp tpl;ld.

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gd;ndLq;fhykhfNt xU ,Wf;fkhd gpizg;Gs;snjd;W nrhy;yyhkh? Mk;. ,Jjhd; cyfpYs;s xU jdpj;jd;ik nfhz;l kjr; r%fkhFk;. ,th;fs; jkJ kjr; rl;lq;fisAk; cztpy; Nrh;j;Jf; nfhs;sg;gLk; CWfhiag; Nghy ,d;Wk; jf;f itj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;sdh;. xU Ntis E}`; egpath;fs; jkJ $l;lj;jhUf;F f/ghitf; Fwpj;j ,k;Kiwfis fw;gpj;jpUe;jhy; %]h egpAk; <]h egpAk; $l jkJ $l;lj;jhUf;F ,k;Kiwfis fw;Wj; je;JjhdpUg;ghh;fs;. fhy Xl;lj;jpd; kpf ePz;l gazj;jpy; cz;ikahd f/gh fhzhky; Ngha;tpl;lJ. mjd;gpd; mf;$l;lj;jhhpy; gy $l;lj;jhh; mt;ntspg;gilahd rlq;FfisAk; kwe;J Ngha;tpl;lNghJ ,e;j xU $l;lk; kl;Lk; mitfis VNjhnthU cUtj;jpy; jf;fitj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. ,jw;F vz;zw;w cjhuzq;fs; ,Ue;jhYk; E}ypd; tphptQ;rp tpghpf;fhJ tpLfpNwhk;. ,Ug;gpDk; xd;iw kl;Lk; ehk; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mJ me;jr; r%fj;jplk; tpiy kjpf;f Kbahj xd;Ws;sJ. mijf; nfhz;L mth;fs; njhiyj;Jtpl;l NgUz;ikia mth;fSf;F jpUg;gpf; nfhLf;fg;gl;lhy; kw;w r%fq;fis tpl ,e;j r%fk; ,];yhj;ijg; Ghpe;J nfhs;tJ vd;gJ vspjhd xd;whfptpLk;. cz;ikia njhiyj;Jtpl;L mjd; ntspg;ghl;L Njhw;wj;ij kl;Lk; iff;nfhs;Sk; mrk;ghtpjk; ,g;NghJ K];ypk;fspilNaAk; gutp tUfpwJ. vdpDk; ,e;j ck;kj;Jf;fspd; NtjKk; u]_Yk; ,Wjpehs;tiu ghJfhf;fg;gl;Ls;sjhy; K];ypk;fs; njhiyj;J tpl;lhYk; mg;NgUz;ikia Ntjj;jpypUe;Jk; u]_y;fsplkpUe;Jk; jpUk;gg; ngw;Wj; je;Jtpl KbAk;. ,t;thNw ,e;Jf;fspYs;s mwpQh;fs; $Wtijg; Nghy mth;fspd; Ntjk; ,iwtdpd; thf;F vdpy;> vtuhYk; njhFf;fg;gl;ljy;y vdpy; ,e;Jr; r%fj;jpd; NtjKk;> mth;fspd; u]_Yk; ,g;NghJ njhiye;J Ngha; cs;sdh;. mth;fisj; Njbf; fz;Lgpbj;J jpUg;gpj; je;jhy; epr;rak; mth;fs; jk;ikg; gw;wpa cz;ikia njhpe;J nfhs;thh;fs;. ge;jk; MjpahdJ ge;jq;fs; vd;gJ cUthf;fg;gLtjpy;iy. mJ MjpapNyNa epue;jug;gLj;jg;gLtjhFk;. ,jpy; Njfq;fisf; nfhz;L kl;Lk; ge;jk; vd;gJ Vw;gLtjpy;iy. khwhf Mj;khh;j;jkhd ge;jKk; cz;L. ,e;epiyapy; mJ vg;NghJ ntspg;gl;lhYk; rhpNa. ,dp ,e;j ge;jj;jpd; mbg;gil vd;gJ rpy kdpjh;fSf;F kl;Lk; chpa xd;wy;y. khwhf gy $l;lq;fSf;Fk;> gphpTfSf;Fk; ,J nghUe;Jk;. mj;Jld; ,J kdpj ,dj;jhUila ,izg;Gf;F kl;Lky;y. tpyq;fpdq;fs;> gwitfs;> Gw;G+z;Lfs; Nghd;witfspd; ,izg;Gf;Fk; ,Jjhd; mbg;gilahFk;. mjhtJ mJTk; MjpahdJjhd;. ,Njhh; jdpg;gl;l JiwahFk;. ,ij tpQ;Qhdj;jpd; mwptpay; ,d;W Mjhug;gLj;JfpwJ.

42

,g;NghJ ehk; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;ba tp\ak; ahnjdpy; jk;ik khw;wpf; nfhs;sg; NghFk; ,e;jpa kz;izr; Nrh;e;j r%fj;jpw;Fk; K`k;kj; egpath;fs; mtjhpj;j muG kz;zpYs;s muhgpa r%fj;jpw;Fk; vd;d rk;ge;jk; vd;gJjhd;. ,ijf; Fwpj;j gy;NtW Ma;Tfspd; fUj;Jf;fis ehk; cq;fspd; ftdj;Jf;Fj; jUfpNwhk;. el;rj;jpu Mz;bd; MapukhtJ Mz;bNyNa vkd; Njrj;ijr; rhh;e;j ]gh vd;Dk; $l;lj;jhh; ,e;jpa Njrj;jpy; jk;J th;j;jfj; njhlh;ig Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;bUe;jdh;. tuyhw;whrphpah; n[s]Pg]; vd;ghh; vOJfpwhh;. gk;gha;f;F mUfpy; cs;s ]ghuh vd;Dkplj;jpy; Riykhd; egpapd; fhyj;jpy; (mth;fspd; fhyk; el;rj;jpu Mz;bd; 950 tJ Mz;hFk;.) ghy];jPdj;jpw;Fk;> ,e;jpahTf;FkpilNa th;j;jf njhlh;G ,Ue;J te;jJ. ,t;thNw ,e;jpa Njrj;jpy; jahhpf;fg;gl;l kk;ky;, rPd;l; (,J xUtif Jzpfs;)kw;Wk; Nghh;itfs; mug kz;zpy; ,lk; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jd. ,Jgw;wpa Mjhuq;fis muGf; ftpijfspy; ghh;f;fyhk;. %hpah vd;Dk; tk;rj;jpdh; Ngrpa Muhkpa nkhop (mjhtJ muG nkhop Nghd;W tyg;gf;fkpUe;J Jtq;Fk; nkhopfs;) vOjg;gl;l E}y;fs; Me;jpuhtpypUe;J fpilj;;js;sd. mNrhfh; vOjpa E}y;fSk; (tyg;gf;fkpUe;J Jtq;Fgit) fpilj;Js;sd. -,];yhk; fhkpy; gf;fk; 11 [dthp 1959. ,g;NghJ vOfpd;w Nfs;tp vd;dntdpy; Iahapuk; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; ,e;jpa Njrj;jpy; mugp nkhop Ajp\;jhpd; muritapy; vt;thW ,Ue;jJ vd;gJjhd;. mjw;Fg; gjpy; Iahapuk; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; ,e;j ehl;by; jPnd `dPg; ,Ue;jnjd;gijAk; ehk; njhpe;J nfhs;fpNwhk;. -E}y;: Fg;UNjhl;> Mrphpah;: juk;ghyp gf;fk; 29. ,e;jpa kz;zpy; ,d;ndhU goikahd r%fj;ijAk; muG kz;zpy; ek;khy; fhz KbfpwJ. mugpah; mth;fis Nkj; vd;W mioj;J te;jdh;. ,];fe;jhP vd;ghh; vOJfpwhh; rpe;Jg; gFjpia Rw;wpYk; fhzg;gLk; efuq;fspy; trpf;Fk; vy;yh fhgph;fSila kjKk; Gj;j kjkhfj;jhd; ,Ue;jJ. ,d;Dk; mth;fNshL xU $l;lj;jhUk; ,Ue;jdh;. mth;fs;; Nkj; vd;W miof;fg;gl;ldh;. [hl; kw;Wk; Nkj; $l;lj;jhUf;Fg; gpd; ,e;jpa Njrj;ijr; rhh;e;j ,d;ndhU $l;lj;jhUk; muG kz;zpy; neLq;fhykhf fhzg;gLfpd;wdh;. mth;fs; ]ahg;]h my;yJ ]ghg;]h vd;wiof;fg;gLfpd;wdh;. gpyhjhP vd;ghh; jkJ GJ}`{y; Gy;jhd; vd;Dk; E}ypYk;> ,g;D fy;J}z; vd;ghh; jkJ tuyhw;W E}ypYk; jpUk;gj; jpUk;g ,e;j ]ahg;[hf;fisg; gw;wp Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;. muG kz;zpy; ,e;jpa Njrj;ijr; rhh;;e;j ,d;ndhU $l;lKk; kpf ePz;l fhykhf fhzg;gLfpwJ.
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mth;fis mugpah;fs; `k;uh vd;Wk; `k;U vd;Wk;> m`hkpuh vd;Wk; miof;fpd;wdh;. -E}y;: ehh;[Py; N] efPy; jf;> fh[p mf;jh; Kghuf;G+hp> ghfk; 5 gf;fk; 89. xU Mr;rhpakhd jpifg;Gf;Fhpa tprak; ahnjdpy;> ,e;j ,e;J vDk; gjk; muhgpaUf;F kpfTk; gphpakhd xd;whf ,Ue;jJ vd;gNj. ,e;j Njrj;jpd; ngaiu mth;fs; jkJ ngz;fSf;F itj;jdh;. cjhuzkhf ,g;ngah; muhgpaf; ftpijfspy; ve;j ];jhdj;ij tfpf;fpwnjdpy; ghurPff; ftpijfspy; iyyh \hPd; Nghd;w ngah;fs; tfpf;Fk; ];jhdj;ijf; nfhz;Ls;sd. -E}y;: mug; `pe;j;Nf jmy;Yfhj;> gf;fk; 12> 13. ,J Nghd;w fzf;fw;w tpsf;fq;fs; Ma;thsh;fspd; E}y;fspy; epiwe;J fhzg;gLfpd;wd. mitfspy; Fwpg;ghf ch;J nkhopapy; Riykhd; ej;tp> fh[p mf;jh; Kghuf;G+hp Nghd;Nwhh; ,e;jpa Njrj;jpw;Fk; muGf;FkpilNa ,Ue;j kpf neUf;fkhd njhlh;igg; gw;wp gy Mjhukhd E}y;fisj; je;Js;sdh;. ehk; mitfspypUe;J cq;fspd; ghh;itf;fhf rpytw;iw kl;Lk; ,q;Nf vLj;Jf; fhl;bNdhk;. mitfisf; nfhz;L ,e;jpahTf;Fk; muGf;FkpilNa ,Ue;J te;j cwit ehk; A+fpj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. gpd;Dk; ,e;j cwT ntWk; th;j;jf> fyhr;rhu> ehfhPfj;ij kl;Lk; nfhz;bUe;j cwty;y. khwhf ,Njhh; Mj;khh;j;jkhd cwthFk;. cjhuzkhf> mugpah; Gj;jiu jhd; G+jh]pg; vd;wioj;J te;jdh; vd;gjpy; jplQhdpfSf;F ve;j re;NjfKkpy;iy. E}y;: mug; `pe;j;Nf jmy;Yfhj;> gf;fk; 845. NkYk; kjhPjpahd njhlh;G mjpYk; Fwpg;ghf egpkhh;fspd; ntspg;ghL my;yJ tUif gw;wpa tp\aq;fspy; gy;NtW tifahd Mjhuq;fs; ekf;F fpilf;fpd;wd. Mdhy ,d;W ,];yhkpah;fspilNa vz;zj;jpy; nghJthd fw;gidnahd;W fhzg;gLfpwJ. mjhtJ> ve;nje;j egpkhh;fisg; gw;wpa tpraq;fs; Fh;Mdpy; fhzg;gLfpwNjh mth;fspd; njhlh;Gfs; vy;yhNk muG kz;zpy;jhd; ,Ue;jnjd;W epidj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;sdh;. ,g;gb thjpf;Fk; mth;fs; Mjk; egp> E}`; egp Nghd;Nwhh; mugfj;jpYs;s kp];j;> \hk;> <uhf; Nghd;w ve;jg; gFjpapd; kf;fis ey;topg;gLj;jj; Njhd;wpdh; vd;gijj; njspthfr; nrhy;tjpy;iy. ,J rk;ge;jkhf tuyhw;wpd; Ma;thsh;fshd jplQhdpfSf;F fpilj;j Mjhuq;fis ehk; ,q;Nf RUf;fkhf cq;fspd; ghh;itf;Fj; jUfpNwhk;. ,e;jpahtpy; Mjk; egp kdJf;F kfpo;r;rpaspf;f ty;y Xh; tprak; vd;dntdpy; ,yq;ifapYs;s ]ue;jPg ; vd;nwhU kiy kPJ xU ghjj;jpd; Rtnlhd;W cs;sJ. mij ngUk;ghd;ikahd kjthjpfs; Gdpjkhd xd;nwdf; fUJfpd;wdh;. ,];yhkpaUk;> fpwpj;JtUk; mij Mjk; egpapd; ghjr;RtL vd;fpd;wdh;.
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Gj;jkjj;ijg; gpd;gw;WNthh; mij Gj;jhpd; ghjr; Rtb vd;fpd;wdh;. ,e;Jf;fs; mij rptdpd; ghjr; Rtb vd;fpd;wdh;. mjprakhd Mr;rhpakhd ,e;jg; ghjr;RtL Fwpj;j tp\aq;fs; Mjhukw;witay;y. khwhf ,ijf; Fwpj;j Mjhuq;fs; ekf;F mugpahpd; tuyhw;wpy; fpilf;fpd;wd. muG Njrj;jthpd; thjk; vd;dntdpy;> ,e;jpahTf;Fk; mth;fSf;Fk; ,ilNaAs;s njhlh;G vd;gJ ntWkNd rpy Mapuk; Mz;LfSf;F Ke;ijajy;y. khwhf gpwg;gpd; Jtf;fj;jpypUe;Nj ,e;jpah mth;fsJ jha; tPlhFk; vd;fpd;wdh;. `jP]f ; Sk;> Ntj tphpTiu E}y;fSk; Mjk; egpiaf; Fwpj;J NgRfpd;w trdq;fspy; gy;NtW mwptpg;Gfisf; nfhz;L Mjk; egpath;fs; tpz;zpYs;s Rth;f;fj;jpypUe;J ntspNaw;wg;gl;lNghJ mij Nghd;wnjhU G+kpapYs;s Rth;f;fj;jpy; (mjd; ngah; ,e;jpah. Rth;f;fj;jpd; milahsj;ijf; nfhz;l G+kp) ,wf;fg;gl;ldh;. ]ue;jPg;gp (,yq;ifap)y;jhd; mth;fs; jkJ Kjy; ghjj;ij itj;jdh;. mjDila milahsk;jhd; xU kiy kPJ cs;sJ. ,g;D ]{iuh;> ,g;D mgP`hj;jk;> `hfpk; Nghd;Nwhh; ,e;jpahtpd; ve;jg; gFjpapy; Mjk; egp ,wf;fg;gl;lhh;fNsh me;j gFjpf;F j[;dh vd;gJ ngauhFk; vdf; $Wfpd;wdh;. ,e;j j[;dhjhd; j[;dh my;yJ jf;fd; vdg; gpd;dh; ngah; khw;wkile;jJ vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdh;. ,J ,e;jpahtpd; njd; gFjpf;Fr; nrhy;yg;gLk; gpugykhd xU ngauhFk; E}y;: mug; `pe;j;Nf jmy;Yfhj; gf;fk; 2. jg;]Ph; gj;`{y; fjPh; ghfk; 2> gf;fk; 474. mLj;J Fh;Md;> ,d;[Py;> jt;uhj; Nghd;w Ntjtpahf;fpahdpfSk; Mjk; egpath;fs; ,g;G+Tyfpd; ve;jg;gFjpapy; ,wf;fg;gl;lhh;fs; vd;gjw;Fhpa rhpahd Mjhuk; ,Jtiu fpilf;ftpy;iy. Mdhy; ,jw;FKd; $wg;gl;l tpsf;fq;fisf; nfhz;L ,yq;ifapy; fhzg;gLk; ghjr;RtL Mjk; egpAilajhfj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vdg;ij Nfhbl;Lf; fhlLfpwJ. ,Ug;gpDk; ,Njhh; gytPdkhd mwptpg;ngd;W nrhy;yg;gl;lhYk; ,jw;F khw;wkhf G+kpapd; NtW ve;jg; gFjpAk; ekf;F ,t;tpraj;jpy; fhl;bj;jug;gltpy;iy vd;gijAk; ehk; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;tJ mtrpakhFk;. ,e;jpahtpy; E}`; egp Fh;Midf; nfhz;L ekf;F tpsf;fpf; fhl;lg;gLk; tprak; ahnjdpy; E}`; egpapd; [yg;gpusaj;jpw;Fg; gpd; mth;fSila fg;gy; [_jp vd;Dk; kiykPJ jq;fp epd;wjhff; $wg;gLfpwJ. ,J <uhf; gpuNjrj;jpy; Fh;jp];j;jhd; vd;w ,lj;jpYs;sJ. iggpspy; ,uhuhj; vd;Dk; kiy kPJ jq;fpajhfTk; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ ([_jp kiy ,uhuhj; kiyapd; xU gFjpNa) ,Ug;gpDk; Ntj tphpTiuahsh;fspy; ahUNk ,Jtiu fg;gy; jq;fpagpd; E}`; egpath;fs; jq;fpa ehL vJ vd;gij gw;wpNah mth;fs; jkJ khh;f;fg;gpur;rhuj;ij ve;nje;jg; gFjpapy; elj;jpdhh;fs; vd;gijg; gw;wpNah
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my;yJ [yg;gpusak; epfOKd; mWE}W Mz;Lfshf E}`; egpath;fs; ,e;jg; G+kpapy; ve;jg;gFjpapy; (Njrj;jpy;) tho;e;jhh;fs; vd;gijg; gw;wpNah vJTk; Fwpg;gplg;gltpy;iy. njsuhj; Ntjj;jpy; E}`; egpAk; mth;fisr; rhh;e;NjhUk; [yg;gpusaj;jpw;Fg; gpd; ghGypy; xd;whf ,ize;J mjd;gpd; mq;fpUe;J G+kp KOtJk; gutpdhh;fs; vd;W kl;Lk; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,dp ghGy; vd;Dk; ngah; vjdhy; Vw;gl;lnjdpy; mq;F itj;Jj;jhd; ,iwtd; cyf khe;jhpd; nkhopfis Gul;bdhd;. ,d;Dk; mq;fpUe;J jhd; mth;fis (E}`; egpiaAk; mth;fis rhh;e;NjhiuAk;) ,iwtd; G+kp KOtJk; gutr; nra;jhd;. Mjhuk;: njsuhj; Ntjk;. 9-11. ,jpy; Fh;Md; vd;d $Wfpwnjdpy; jd;D}hpypUe;J ePh; nghq;fj; Jtq;fpw;W vd;Wk; mq;fpUe;Jjhd; gpusak; Muk;gkhapw;W vd;Wk; $WfpwJ. mjhtJ vJtiu vdpy; ekJ fl;lis te;jNghJ jd;D}h; nghq;fpw;W. mg;NghJ ehk; nrhd;Ndhk;. mjp(fg;gyp)y; xt;nthU N[hbfspypUe;Jk; ,uz;il Vw;wpf; nfhs;tPuhf vd;gjhf my;Fh;Md; R+wh `_j; trdk; 40 jd;D}h; vd;Dk; thf;fpak; mugp thf;fpaky;y. khwhf ghh;]p nkhopapy; mjdila mh;j;jk; nuhl;b rikf;Fk; ghj;jpuj;jpw;Fr; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. NtjtphpTiuahsh;fSk; ,e;j thf;fpaj;jpw;F ,Nj mh;j;jj;ijj;jhd; toq;Ffpd;wdh;. ,jpy; NtWrpyh; jd;D}h; vd;gjw;F G+kpapd; gug;G vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdh;. mjhtJ G+kapd; gug;gpypUe;J ePh; nghq;fj; Jtq;fpw;W vdf; $Wfpd;wdh;. Mdhy; jd;D}h; vd;gij NgRKd; Fh;Md; XU mypigAk; yhikAk; ,izj;Jg; NgRtjhy; mjd; mh;j;jk; xU Fwpg;gpl;l jd;D}h; vd;gjhFk;. ,JFwpj;J mwpQh;fspd; tpsf;fj;ijg; ghUq;fs; jd;D}h; vd;gjpy; mypGk; yhKk; Nrh;j;J nrhy;yg;gl;bUg;gjhy; mJ E}`; eyhy;gpf;F kl;LNk njhpe;j jd;D}uhFk;. ,khk; `]d; g]hp vd;ghh; $Wfpd;wdh; me;jj; jd;D}h; vd;gJ fy;yhy; MdjhFk;. mjpy; `t;th mth;fs; nuhl;b rikj;J te;jdh;. mjd;gpd; mJ E}`; egpaplk; te;J Nrh;e;jJ. ,d;Dk; mth;fis Nehf;fp jd;D}hpypUe;J ePh; nghq;Ftijg; ghh;gg ; u P hapd; ePUk; ck;ikr; rhh;e;NjhUk; fg;gypy; Vwpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lnkdf; $wg;gl;lJ.-E}y;: ypghGj; j/tPy; ghfk; 3 gf;fk; 189. ,e;j jd;D}h; vd;gJ Mjk; egpAilaJ. ,jid eaPKj;jPd; Kuhjhghjp mth;fspd; NtjtphpTiu E}Yk; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. mjw;FKd; jg;]h P ; gj;`{y; fjPh; vd;Dk; NtjtphpTiu E}ypy;> Mjk; egpAila jd;D}h; ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;jJ vd;W mwptpf;Fk; ,g;D mg;gh]pd; mwptpg;ig ehk; Kd;dhy; je;jpUf;fpNwhk;. ,g;NghJ thUq;fs;. ,jDila ,d;ndhU Nfhzj;ijAk;
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ghh;g;Nghk;. jd;D}h; vd;Dk; gjj;ij Fwpj;j gy;NtW mwptpg;Gf;fisAk; xd;whf ,izj;J \t;fhdp vd;ghh; vOJfpwhh; vl;lhtJ mwptpg;ghdJ jd;D}h; vd;gJ xU ,lkhFk;. mJ ,e;jpahtpy; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. E}y;: jg;]Ph; gj;`{y; fjPh; ghfk; 2 gf;fk; 474. ,JTk; ekJ rpe;jidf;F vLj;Jf; nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;ba xU Kf;fpakhd tprakhFk;. Vnddpy; ehk; ,e;jpahtpd; ,uapy;Nt ml;ltiziag; ghh;g;Nghkhapd; mjpy; NfushtpYs;s jhD}h; (TANUR) vd;Dk; xU ,lj;ijf; fhzyhk;. ,NjNghy tiuglj;ijg; ghh;g;Nghkhapd; Nfushtpy; kyg;Guk; vd;Dk; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s flNyhuj;jpy; ,e;jj; jhD}h; vd;Dk; Ch; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ,J ,e;jpahtpd; Nkw;F fiuapYs;sJ. mj;Jld; ,J mugpf; flypypUe;J jdpahf ,Uf;fpd;wJ. gy;NtW mwptpg;Gf;fspd; ntspr;rj;ijf; nfhz;L Fh;Md; ve;j ,lj;jpypUe;J gpusak; Jtq;Fnkd;W $wpaNjh me;j ,lk;jhd; jhD}h; vd;gij ek;khy; Cfpf;f Kbfpwjy;yth! ,jd; %yk; kw;w mwptpg;Gf;fsidj;Jk; ,jNdhL xd;whf ,ize;Jk; tpLfpd;wd. mjhtJ flw;fiu XuKs;s jhD}h; vd;nwhU ,lk;. me;j ,lj;jpypUe;Jjhd; ePh; nghq;fj; Jtq;fpw;W. ,d;Dk; me;j ,lj;ijj;jhd; Mjk; egpapd; jd;D}h; vd toq;fg;gl;Lk; te;jJ. mLj;J ,e;jpa kf;fSf;Fk; E}`; egpf;Fk; ,ilNa gphpf;f Kbahj xU ,Wf;fkhd gpizg;G ,Ue;jJ vd;gijAk; ,e;jpa kf;fs; E}`; egpia kD} vd;Dk; ngauhy; mwpe;jpUe;jdh; vdTk; ehk; Kd;dhy; mOj;jkhd Mjhuq;fisf; nfhz;L tpsf;fpAs;Nshk; vd;gJ cq;fSf;F epidtpUf;fyhk;. mjd;gpd; nfhQ;rk; Kd; ,khk; `]d; g]hpapd; mwptpg;ghd vg;NghJ jd;D}hpypUe;J ePh; nghq;Ftij ePh; ghh;gg ; N P uh mg;NghJ ePUk; ck;ikr; rhh;e;NjhUk; fg;gyp Vwpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. vd;gijAk;> ,t;thNw kw;w mwptpg;Gf;fshd jd;D}h; MjKilajhf ,Ue;jJ. ,d;Dk; mJ ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;jJ vd;gJ Nghd;w thf;fpaq;fisAk; ,izj;Jg; ghh;g;gh P ;fshapd; E}`; egpath;fs; [yg;gpusaj;jpw;F Kd;Ng ,e;jpahtpy;jhd; jq;fpapUe;jhh;fs; vd;gij njhpe;J nfhs;fpNwhk;. ,g;NghJ thUq;fs; me;j [yg;gpusaj;jpw;Fg; gpd; mth;fs; vq;Nf ,Ue;jhh;fs; vd;gij ,g;NghJ ghh;g;Nghk;. eurpq;f mfh;thy; vd;ghh; jkJ E}ypy; Mhpah;fs; ,e;jpahTf;Fs; kD}T(E}`; egpA)ld; te;jdh; vd;W vOJfpwhh;. Mhpah;fs; ,th;fis ghjh; kD} jd;Dld; ,e;jpahTf;F mioj;J te;jhh;. mg;NghJ mth;fs; rpiy tzq;Fgth;fshf ,Uf;ftpy;iy. -E}y;: THE Hindu Muslim QUESTION, Page 12. F[uhj;ijr; rhh;e;j xU rl;l epGzUk; Ma;thsUkhd vk;.]khd; Nfhfuh vd;ghh; gy Mz;Lfshf Ma;T nra;jgpd; jpl;lg;gLj;jpa tp\ak; ahnjdpy;>
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,uz;lhtJ Mjkpd; (E}`; egpapd;) Gdpj jpNufk; F[uhj;jpy; cs;sJ vd;gjhk;. mth; ,t;thW thjpg;gjw;Fhpa fhuzk; mq;Nf 240 mb ePsKs;s xU goikahd rkhjpahdJ F[uhj;jpypUe;J 25 iky; njhiytpy; gNlyh \hPg; vd;Dk; CUf;F ntspNa kfp ePz;l fhykhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ. CUf;F ntspNa xU gh;yhq;F njw;Nf Kl;;nrbfSf;fpilNa mlh;ej ; kuq;fspd; epoypy; xd;gJ f[Ks;s xU fg;iu (rkhjpia) Fwpj;J nghJthfg; Ngrg;gLk; fUj;jhdJ> ,J E}`; egpapd; ike;jh; my;yJ Nguh; `ouj; fgPj ; vd;ghhpd; mlf;f];jyk; jhd; ,Jntd;W Ngrg;gLfpd;wJ. Mdhy; vk;. ]khd; Nfhfuh vd;ghh; rkhjpfisf; Fwpj;j ,U f\;Gila mwpQh;fspd; mwptpg;igf; nfhz;L ,J fgPj ; cila rkhjpay;y vd;Wk;> khwhf ,J E}`; egpAila rkhjpjhd; vd;Wk; cWjpg;gLj;Jfpwhh;. -E}y;: Nuh]; ehkh nfskP [q;f; 13 khh;r;r 1988. ngUthhpahd f\;Gy FG+U (rkhjpfisg; gw;wpa QhdK)ilNahiuf; nfhz;Lk;> kw;w mwpQh; ngUkf;fisf; nfhz;Lk; Mjhug;gLj;jpa gpd; Nkw;nfhz;L mth; vOJfpwhh; gNlyh \hPg; vd;Dk; Ch; xU rpwpa fpuhkkhFk;. ,J F[uhj;jpypUe;J Ie;J iky; njhiytpy; tlfpof;Fg; gf;fk; lhd;lh vd;Dk; CUf;Fg; gf;fj;jpYs;sJ. ,q;fpUe;J rk;g ; vd;Dk; ejp Jtq;FfpwJ. ,t;thNw Rdhg;> Njhkp vd;Dk; ejpfSk; mjdUfpy; XLfpd;wd. gphpf;fg;gLtjw;F Kd; ,e;Jf;fs; me;j rkhjpia kD} nk`;u];j; vd;Dk; ngauhy; mioj;J te;jdh;. kD} nk`;u];j; vd;gJ rk];fpUj nrhy;yhFk;. ,jDila mh;j;jk; glNfhl;b vd;gjhFk;. mg;uhdp nkhopapd; E}`; vd;gjw;Fk; ,e;j mh;j;jk;jhd; toq;fg;gLfpwJ. rk];fpUjj;jpd; goikahd E}y;fspy; fhzg;gLk; xU tp\akhdJ> Mjkpd; xU ike;jh; tpiue;J nry;Yk; xUthpd; jiyKbiag; gw;wp fg;gYf;F miof;fpwhh; vd fhzg;gLfpwJ. E}`; egpapd; [yg;gpusak; Fwpj;j ,e;j rk;gtk; Mhpah;fspd; kpfg; goikahd mth;fspd; kjf;fpue;jq;fspYk; fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j Mjhuq;fisf; nfhz;L ep&gpf;fg;gLk; xU tp\ak;ahnjdpy; Jtf;f fhyj;jpNyNa E}`; egpapd; re;jjpapdh; fly; R+o;e;j ,e;jpah tiu gutpapUe;jdh; vd;gjhk;. MaPdNa F[uhj; vd;Dk; E}ypy;> F[uhj;ijr; rhh;e;jth;fs; E}`; egpapd; ike;juhd ]hk; vd;ghhpd; re;jjpapduhFk; vdf; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,d;Dk; ,t;tk;rj;jhh; fh\;kPiur; Rw;wp ngUk; ngUk; fl;blq;fisAk; Vw;gLj;jpdh;. Mdhy; fhy Xl;lj;jpy; ]hKila tk;rj;jhhpd; rpd;dq;fs; midj;Jk; mope;J Ngha;tpl;ld. vdpDk; efuq;fs; rkhjpfspd; Njhw;wj;jpy; ,g;gue;j kz;zpy; ,d;Wk;$l jdJ milahsq;fis jf;f itj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. gNlyh \hPgpd; Rw;Wg;Gwq;fspy; ,d;Wk; $l kz;zpdhyhd ngUk; ngUk; Ftpay;fSk;> Fd;WfSk; ,q;Nf xU fhyj;jpyy; MjKila re;jjpapdhpd;
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mofhd efuq;fshf ,Ue;jd vd;gjw;F rhl;rp $wpf; nfhz;Ls;sd vd;gjhf tpsf;fk; jUfpwJ. E}y;: Nuh];ehkh nfskP[q;f; 13 khh;r; 1988. ,j;jid mOj;jkhd nra;jpfisnay;yhk; ,ijAk;jhd; ghh;j;J tpLq;fNsd; ghh;j;j ePq;fs; ,g;NghJ

ah$j;J `ktP vd;ghh; vOJfpwhh;> gt;fh P ; gpd; af;jd; gpd; `hk; gpd; E}`; cila tk;rj;jpy; rpe;J kw;Wk; `pe;J vd;Dk; ngahpy; ,U rNfhjuh;fs; ,Ue;jdh;. mth;fspd; ngauhy;jhd; ,t;tpU NjrKk; gpugykhapw;W. -E}y;: fpyhgj;Nj uh\pjh mt;h; `pe;J];j;jhd; gf;fk; 25. ,Jtiou ehk; $wp te;j mwptpg;Gfs; kw;Wk; Mjhuq;fsidj;Jk; ePq;fs; A+fpg;gjw;Fhpa gyj;ij jUfpwjh ,y;iyah? mjhtJ> E}`; egpapd; [yg;gpusaj;jpw;F Kd;Dk; gpd;Dk; E}`; egpf;F ,e;jpahNthL njhlh;G ,Ue;jjij ,it cWjpg;gLj;jtpy;iyah vd;d? NkYk; Mjk; egp E}`; egp gw;wp mwptpg;Gf;fisAk;> Mjhuq;fisAk; jdpj;jdpahfg; gphpj;Jg; ghh;g;gPh;fshapd; mitfspy; rpy cq;fSf;F gytPdkhditfshf njhpatuyhk;. ,Ug;gpDk; mitaidj;ijAk; xd;whf ,izf;Fk;NghJ mJNt kpfg; gykhd Mjhukhf mike;J tpLk;. gpd;dh; ,ijAk; ePq;fs; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ NtW ve;j ehl;bYk; mth;fspd; gpwg;igf; Fwpj;j my;yJ ,wg;igf; Fwpj;j Mjhuq;fSk; ekf;F NtW vq;NfapUe;Jk; ,Jtiu fpilf;ftpy;iy. mjd;wp Nkw;gb Mjhuq;fis> mwptpg;Gf;fis xd;wd;gpd; xd;whf mLf;fLf;fhfj; je;j mwptpg;ghsh;fs;> Ma;thsh;fs; mj;jid NgUk; xd;W Nrh;e;J jq;fspd; fw;gidf;F tsk; Nrh;j;jdnud;W nrhy;yg;gLkhapd; ,Njhh; Mr;rhpakhd mNjNeuk; mh;j;jkw;w xU thjnkd;Wjhd; nrhy;y Ntz;L:k; vd;d? mugpaUk; Mjk; egp> E}`; egp Nghd;Nwhiu ,e;jpahNthL ,izj;Jg; NgrpapUg;gJk; fw;gidahd xd;nwdpy; mth;fis rPdh> u\;ah> [g;ghd;> INuhg;gh> mnkhpf;fh kw;Wk; M];jpNuypahTld; Vd; ,izj;J fw;gid nra;atpy;iy? NkYk; ,jpy; Mr;rhpag;gl vd;d ,Uf;fpwJ? mf;fhyj;jpa kdpjh;fs; mWgJ mb cauKs;sth;fshfTk;> Mapuk; Mz;Lfs; tiu thOgth;fshfTk; ,Ue;Js;sdh;. ,g;gbg;gl;Nlhh; ,g;G+kpapd; ehyh gf;fq;fSf;Fk; nrd;Ws;sdh; vd;gJ xU jpifg;Gf;Fhpa tp\aNkmy;y. md;wp ePz;l taJf;Fhpa mwptpg;Gf;fs; kpfTk; gpugykhdit. ,t;thNw ePz;l cUtk; Fwpj;J Gfhhp vd;Dk; egpnkhopf; fpue;jj;jpy; itj;J mG+`{iuuh vd;Dk; egpj;Njhoh; $Wk;NghJ> Mjk; egpath;fspd; cauk; mWgJ nf[khf(kPl;lh;) ,Ue;jJ vd;Wk; mjd;gpd; kdpjh;fspd; cauk; Fiwe;J nfhz;Nl te;jnjd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdh;. ,e;jpahtpy; %]h egpAk; kw;w egpkhh;fSk;.
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,Jtiu ehk; NkNy Rl;bf; fhl;b te;jijg; Nghy Mjk; egp> E}`; egp kl;Lky;y vj;jidNah egpkhh;fs; ,e;jpahTf;f tUif je;Js;sdh; my;yJ ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;Js;sdh; vd;gjw;Fhpa Mjhuq;fs; ekf;F fzf;fpd;wp fhzf;fpilf;fpd;wd. mitfspy; rpytw;iw kl;Lk; cq;fs; ghh;itf;fhf jUfpNwhk;. mugpah; Gj;jiu jhd; G+jh]pg; vd;wioj;J te;jdh; vd;gjpy; jplQhdpfSf;F vt;tpj re;NjfKk; ,y;iy E}y;: mug; `pe;j;Nf jmy;Yfhj; gf;fk; 115. md;iwa gpugykhd mwpQh;fspy; xUtuhd nksyhdh kdh]ph; m`;]d; fPyhdp vd;ghhpd; ghh;itapy; kfhj;kh Gj;jhplk; egpj;Jtj;jpd; thil tPrpw;W vd;gjhk;. NkYk; mth; jpUf;Fh;Md; Fwpg;gpLk; Jy;fpg;iyAk; fgy;j];jthitAk; xNu kdpjh; jhndd;W $wpf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;. -E}y;: kMhpg; ,jo;> kyh; 95> gf;fk; 171. V.vd;. fdq;fk; vd;ghhpd; kpfg;goikahd 1862-1863 k; tUlj;jpa hpg;Nghh;l;bd; Ma;Tf; Fwpg;gpy; ekf;F Kf;fpakhdnjhU Fwpg;nghd;W fpilf;fpd;wJ. mjhtJ fdq;fk; m[;tjpahtpYs;s rkhjpfisf; Fwpj;J tpghpf;Fk;NghJ ,g;gb vOJfpwhh;. kpdh kw;Wk; fgPh; vd;Dk; Fd;WfSf;fpilNa ,];yhkpahpd; xU kj];jyk; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. mJ fpof;fpypUe;J Nkw;Ftiu ehw;gj;jhW mb ePsKk; ehw;gj;NjO mb mfyKk; cs;sJ.mjpy ,U rkhjpfs; cs;sd. xd;W \Pj; egpAilaJ. kw;nwhd;W ma;Ag; egpAilaJkhFk; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. -E}y;: K];ypk; ,z;bah> Vg;uy; 1988 gf;fk; 15. ,e;jpa kz;Zk; egpkhh;fis tpl;L fhypahftpy;iy. K[j;jpj; my;gjhdp Nghd;w ,];yhkpa nfhs;ifapy; kpfTk; gpbg;Gs;sth;fs; $l ,e;jpahtpYk; egpkhh;fspd; Njhw;wk; ,Ue;jnjd;gij xg;Gf; nfhs;fpd;wdh;. ,d;Dk; mth;fSf;F ,q;Fs;s gy efuq;fspypUe;Jk; egpj;Jtj;jpd; Ngnuhsp njd;gl;lJ -E}y;: kf;J}ghj; ghfk; 1> gf;fk; 295. vk;. ]khd; Nfhfuhitf; Fwpj;J mtuJ fl;Liuia gpuRhpj;j ehspjopd; Mrphpah; nrhy;Yk;NghJ vk;.]khd; NfhfuhTf;F E}`; egp kw;Wk; E}`; egpapd; ike;jhpd; rkhjp kl;Lkpd;wp NtW gy rkhjpfis Fwpj;Jk; njhpe;jpUe;jJ. mijg; gw;wp mth; $Wk;NghJ> nrsfhdp vd;Dkplj;jpy; A+Rg; egpapd; ike;juhd jhD}f; fd;Mdpapd; rkhjp ,Ue;jnjd;Wk; MaPdNa F[uhj; vd;Dk; ,jopy; fh[p Ry;jhd; k`;%j; vd;ghh; rkhjpfisf; Fwpj;J jkJ Qhd mwpitf;
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(f\;Gy; FG+iu) nfhz;L F[uhj;jpd; mf;fk;gf;fj;jpy; gy rkhjpfis ,dk; fhl;bj; je;Js;shh;. mth; me;j rkhjpfsidj;Jk; gdP ,];uNtyh;fsJ egpkhh;fspd; rkhjpfnsd;Wk; mth;fs; %]h egp kw;Wk; ,k;uhdpd; re;jjpapdh; vd;Wk; $Wfpwhh;. ,d;Dk; kpfg;goikahd tuyhw;W Mjhuq;fis Kd;dpWj;jpg; ghh;f;Fk;NghJ F[uhj; fy;tp fiy Qhdq;fisf; nfhz;L A+dhd; gpuNjrj;ij Nghd;wJ kl;Lky;y. khwhf Md;kPfj;Jila njhlh;ghy; egpkhh;fspd; mlf;fjyq;fis ngw;w Xh; ,lKkhFk;. uthy; \hPg; vd;Dkplj;jpy; xU rkhjp cs;sJ. mjDila ePsk; ruhrhpahd rkhjpfis fhl;bYk; kpfTk; mjpfkhf cs;sJ. mijf; Fwpj;J me;j ,lj;jpy; Mjk; egpapd; ike;jh;fspy; xUtuhd \Pj; egpapd; re;jjpiar; rhh;e;j xIU ,iwNerh; rkhjp nfhz;bUf;fpwhh; vd;W $Wg;gLfpwJ. gdP]fh; vd;Dkplj;jpy; `k;]ahyhdpd; rkhjp vd;Ws;sJ. ,th; Gf;Je]h; vd;Dk; murd; muGkz;iz Mf;fpukpj;jNghJ mtdhy; rpiwgpbf;fg;gl;lhh;. mjd;gpd; ghGypy; (ghgpNyhd;) m]Ph; vd;Dkplj;jpy; vOgJ Mz;Lfs; tiu tho;e;jgpd; ,e;jpahTf;F te;J tpl;lhh;. ,tuJ Kd;Ndhh;fspy; xUth; `h&d; egpahFk;. ,t;thNw lhd;lh vd;Dk; rpw;W}hpy; xU ,];uNtyUila jiythpd; rkhjpAs;sJ. ,JNghd;Nw Njhfp vd;Dk; ejpf;fiuapy; Ry;jhd; igD}]; kw;Wk; gaD}]; vd;ghhpd; rkhjpfSk; cs;sd. ,t;tpU nghpahUk; ,g;wh`Pk; egpapd; ike;juhd mg;uh]Pk; re;jjpanud;W nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. Ry;jhd; rdpahJ}\; gw;wpa gpugykhdNjhh; nra;jp ahnjdpy; ,th; jhT+j; egpapd; ike;jnud;W $wg;gLfpwJ. mLj;J xd;gJ Ko ePsKs;s rkhjpnahd;Wk; u`;lh vd;Dk; ChpYs;sJ. ,g;goikahd gy E}w;whz;LfSf;F Ke;ija rkhjpfs; ,d;Wk; rPh;FiyahJ ,iwahw;wypd; epidTr; rpd;dq;fshf mopahjpUg;gJ vd;gJ me;j egpkhh;fspd; mw;Gjnkd;Wjhd; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. -Mjhuk;: nfskP [q;f; ehspjo;> 13 khh;r; 1988. mLj;J %]h egpiaf; Fwpj;J n[apd; r%f kf;fspd; tuyhw;wpy; mth;fs; ,e;jpahTf;F te;jhh;fnsd;W $wg;gLfpwJ. gpd;Dk; Mjk; egp> E}`; egp Nghd;Nwhh; ,e;jpahtpy; tho;e;j Mjhuq;fis xg;gpLk;NghJ ,Jtiu ehk; NkNy vLj;Jf; fhl;baitfSf;Fhpa Mjhuq;fs; vd;gJ kpff; FiwthdJ jhd;. ,Ug;gpDk; tuyhw;Wila VLfs; mtw;iw Fwpg;gjhy; cq;fspd; ghh;itf;Ff; nfhz;L te;Njhk;. ,e;jpahtpy; <]h egp <]h egpath;fs; ,e;jpahTf;F te;Js;sdh; vd;gJ gw;wp fh\;kPh; kw;Wk; ylhf; gFjpapypUe;J fzf;fpy;yhj Mjhuq;fs; ekf;Ff; fpilf;fpd;wd.
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u\;ah kw;Wk; Mq;fpNya Ma;thsh;fSk; ,ijf; Fwpj;J NgRfpd;wdh;. ,Jgw;wp ehk; jk;gdP khh;r; 1973 ,jopy; ntspte;j <]htpd; kiwthd [Ptpak; vd;Dk; u[;dP\; mth;fspd; fl;LiuapypUe;J rpy gFjpfis cq;fspd; ghh;itf;Fj; jUfpNwhk;. ,e;jpahtpy; <]h egp ,Ue;Js;sdh; vd;gjw;F ekf;F vz;zw;w Mjhuq;fs; fpilf;fpd;wd. mjhtJ <]h egp fh\;kPhpy; xU Gj;j klj;jpy; jq;fp ,Ue;Js;sdh;. fh\;kPhpy; ,JFwpj;j fijfs; gpugykhdit. mg;NghJ mq;Nf mth;fs; Kuhfghtp(jpahdj;jp)y; %o;fpapUe;jhh;fs;. mjd;gpd; n[&]yj;jpy mth;fs; ntspg;gl;lhh;fs;. mg;NghJ mth;fs; Kg;gJ taJ cilath;fshf ,Ue;jdh;. gpuhd;]; ehl;ilr; rhh;e;j tuyhw;whrphpah; xUth; jkJ (The Serpent of Paradise) vd;Dk; E}ypy; Kg;gJ Mz;Lfs; tiu mth; (<]h) vd;d nra;J nfhz;bUe;jhh;? vq;Nf ,Ue;jhh;? vd;gJ ahUf;FNk njhpahJ. xU mwptpg;gpd; gb mth; fh\;kPhpy; ,Ue;jhnud;W $wg;gLfpd;wJ vd;gjhf vOJfpwhh;. cyfg; gazk; nra;j u\;ahitr; rhh;e;j epNfhy]; ig&tr; vd;ghh; fp.gp. 1887 y; ,e;jpahTf;F te;jNghJ ylhf; gFjpf;F nrd;whh;. mq;Nf mth; Neha;tha;gl;L fhLfslh;e;j xU Fiff;Fs; jq;fpapUe;jhh;. mq;Nf mth; jq;fpapUe;j fhyq;fspy; gy;NtW Gj;jkj E}y;fisnay;yhk; gbj;jhh;. mtw;wpy; <]h egpapd; ey;YgNjrq;fisAk; mth;fs; ylhf; te;j tpraq;fisAk; fz;lhh;. mjd;gpd; mth; E}nyhd;iw vOjpdhh;. me;j E}ypy; <]h egpath;fs; ylhf;Ff;F te;jijg; gw;wpAk; fpof;F Njr ehLfSf;F mth;fs; gazk; nra;jijg; gw;wpAk; tphpthf vOjpAs;shh;. mjhtJ> ylhf;fpy; <]h egpath;fs; cah;e;j kiyfisnay;yhk; fle;J gdp epiwe;j ghijfisAk; Fd;WfisAk; jhz;b fh\;kPhpYs;s ng`y;fhk; vd;Dkplj;jpw;F te;J Nrh;e;jhh;. mq;NfNa mth; ePz;l fhykhf jdJ MLkhLfis guhkhpj;Jf; nfhz;L jq;fpapUe;jhh;. mq;Nf <]h egpath;fSf;F rpy kiwe;J Nghd ,];uNtyh;fSila r%fj;jhhpd; milahsq;fSk; fpilj;jd. ,d;Dk; <]h egpath;fs; mq;Nf te;J jq;fpa gpd;Gjhd; me;j Ch; ng`y;fhk; vd;Nw miof;fg;glyhapw;W. ng`y; vd;why; fh\;kPu nkhopapy; goth;f;fKs;s vd;gJ mh;j;jkhFk;. mjd;gpd; =efh; topahf nry;Yk;NghJ ,isg;ghWtjw;fhf rpwpJ mq;Nf jq;fpdh;. ,d;Dk; ,];Kf;fk; vd;Dkplj;jpy; itj;J [dq;fSf;F ey;YgNjrKk; nra;jdh;. ,e;j CUk; ,];Kf;fk; (<]h ,isg;ghwpa ,lk;) vdg; gpd;dh; miof;fg;glyhapw;W. mNj ,jopy; jk;gdP khh;r; 1978 y; rhe;jp fQ;r; `hpj;Jthh; vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; jpngj;yhkhtpd; mUfpy; <]h
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vd;Dk; fl;Liu nahd;Wk; gpuRukhapw;W. mjpypUe;Jk; rpy gFjpfis cq;fspd; ghh;itf;fhf jUfpNwhk;. ,e;j Kg;gJ Mz;LfSk; <]h egpath;fs; vq;Nf ,Ue;jdh;? vd;d nra;jdh;? vd;gijg; gw;wp gy Ma;thsh;fs; ePz;lfhykhf Muha;e;jdh;. Ma;Tf;Fhpa ];fhyh;fspy; midtiuAk; kpQ;rf; $ba tifapy; u\;ahitr; Nrh;e;j Ma;thsh; nesuhtr; vd;ghh; njhlh;e;J ehw;gjhz;L fhyk;tiu gy ehLfis Rw;wp Ma;T nra;J ,Wjpapy; fp.gp. 1898 y; (Unknown Life of Jesus) vd;Dk; ngahpy; E}nyhd;iw vOjp ntspapl;lhh;. epNfhy]; nesuhtr; jdJ Ma;Tg; gazj;jpd;NghJ jpngj;Jf;F nrd;whh;. mth; jpngj;jpYs;s `k;D}]; vd;Dk; Gj;jtp`huj;jpy; NghPj;jkuj;ijg; Nghd;W cah;e;J tsh;eJ ; s;s xU kuj;Jila ,iyfshy; vOjg;gl;l kpf kpfg; goikahd fpue;jnkhd;iwf; fz;lhh;. nesuhtr; mg;Gj;jtp`hhpy; jhk; fopj;j ehl;fisg; gw;wp vOJk;NghJ> ehd; mq;fpUe;j xU Fiff;Fs; nrd;wNghJ mq;fpUe;j yhkh xUth; vdf;F xU jPh;f;fjhprpiag; gw;wp nrhd;dhh;. mtiu mth; Gj;jhpd; Njhw;wnkd;Nw ek;gpdhh;. mtiug; gw;wp vdf;F mjpfkhf xd;Wk; njhpahJ. ,Ug;gpDk; nghpa yhkhtplk; E}nyhd;W ,Uf;fpwJ. mjpy; <]hitg; gw;wp epiwa vOjg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;whh;. gy;NtW Kaw;rpf;Fg; gpd; me;E}iy nesuhtr; fhg;gp vLj;jhh;. mjpy; gjpdhd;F mj;jpahaq;fSk; ,UE}w;wp ehw;gj;jp ehd;F RNyhfq;fSk; cs;sd. <]h egpiag; gw;wp me;j E}ypy; $wg;gl;Ls;s tpguk; gpd;tUkhW <]h egp k/hpgj;ij (Nkhl;rk;) Njb ,e;jpahTf;F te;jhh;. mf;fhyj;jpy; n[U]yj;jpYs;s tzpfh; $l;lk; th;j;j;jfj;jpd; epkpj;jk; ,q;Nf te;JNgha; nfhz;bUe;jd. mjpy; <]hTk; xU th;j;jff; $l;lj;jhNuhL ,ize;J rpe;J topahf ,e;jpahtpw;F te;jhh;. <]h vy;yh kf;fisAk; Nerpj;jhh;. mtiu itrpah; R+j;jpuh; Mfpa midth;fSk; Nerpj;jdh;. mg;NghJ mth; [fe;ehj;G+hpy; jq;fpapUe;jhh;. mq;fpUe;j Myaj;jpd; G+rhhpfSf;F <]h R+j;jpuh;fis Nerpf;fpwhh; vd;Wk; mth;fNshL goFfpwhh; vd;Wk; njhpa te;jNghJ mth;fs; <]h egpia ntWf;fj; Jtq;fpdh;. <]hTf;F mg;G+rhhpfs; jk;ik ntWg;gJ njhpate;jNghJ mth; [fe;ehj; Myaj;ij tpl;L uh[;fpuhTf;F nrd;W tpl;lhh;. MW Mz;Lfs; tiu mq;Nf jq;fpapUe;J mjd;gpd; Neghsk; nrd;W mq;fpUe;J jpngj;Jf;F te;J Nrh;e;jhh;. gjpdhW Mz;Lfs; tiu ,t;thW gazk; nra;jthNw ,Wjpapy; <uhd; topahf jdJ ehl;Lf;Fj; jpUk;gpr; nrd;whh;. jpngj;jpy gazk; nra;j fhyj;jpy; mth; rpy Mz;Lfs; tiu `k;D}]pYs;s Gj;jtp`huj;jpy; yhkhTld; jq;fpapUe;jhh;. NkYk; ,d;[Py; Ntjj;jpy; $wg;gl;Ls;s tpgukhdJ> igj;Jy; y`k; vd;Dk; ,lj;jpy; itj;J <]h egpath;fs; gpwe;jNghJ fpof;F Njrj;ij rhh;e;j rpy Qhdpfs; mth;fis re;jpg;gjw;fhf igj;Jy; y`Kf;F

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te;jjhff; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mh;jh;khy; vd;ghh; me;j Qhdpfis Gj;j rd;dpahrpfs; vd;gjhf Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;. fpuha;];l; ,d; fh\;kPh; vd;Dk; E}ypy; m]P]; Fiw\p vd;ghh; $Wfpwhh;> mf;fhyj;jpy; A+jh;fspd; ngUq;$l;lnkhd;W ,e;jpahTf;F tUif je;J ,q;NfNa jq;fptpl;ldnud;Wk; mjDila milahsk; ,g;NghJk; ,Uf;fpwnjd;Wk; $Wfpwhh;. ,d;Dk; fh\;kPhpYs;s Nfh[h; vd;Dk; r%f kf;fs; rj;jphpah;fspd; $l;lk; vd;W $wpf; nfhs;fpd;wdh;. mth;fspd; ngah; ,g;NghJk; $l A+jh;fspd; ngaiug;Nghd;Nw fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,d;Dk; ,th;fs; mg;uhzp nkhopAld; ,ize;j ghi\ NgRfpd;wdh;. njhpe;J nfhs;Sq;fs;>A+jh;fspYk; mg;uhzp nkhopNgrg;gLfpwJ. mth;fspd; tPLfspd; ngah;fSk; A+jh;fspd; ngaiug; Nghd;Wjhd; cs;sJ. <]h egpAk; A+jh;fspd; ghuk;ghpaj;jpy;jhd; Njhd;wpdhh;. me;ehspy; ,e;jpahTf;F tUif je;j A+jh;fspd; th;j;jf $l;lj;jhNuhL Nrh;e;Jjhd; ,e;jpahTf;F te;jdh;. Jiurhkp Iaq;fhh; vd;ghuhy; vOjg;gl;l Long Missing Links and Discoveries About Aryans vd;Dk; E}ypy; n[k;kP]; vd;gtuhy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; gy Mjhuq;fisAk; glq;fisAk; jUfpwhh;. mjpy; vj;jid glq;fs; cs;sNjh mitaidj;Jk; ,e;jpa fyhr;rhu jhf;fj;ij nfhz;ljhfNt fhzg;gLfpwJ. gtp\;a Guhzj;jpd; gpurq;fk; 3> mj;jpahak; 22 y;> 21 ypUe;J 26tJ Rnyhfk; tiu ,kaj;jpy; <]hTld; \{fhNjt; vd;ghNuhL epfo;ej ; re;jpg;ig ,t;thW $wg;gLfpwJ. mjhtJ> xU Kiw \{fhNjt; ,kaj;ij jhz;b `_l; vd;Dk; Njrj;jpw;F nrd;whh;. mq;Nr mth; ntz;ikahd Mil jhpj;j rptg;ghd kdpjiu kiyfspy; Rw;wpf; nfhz;bUf;f fz;lhh;. \{fhNjt; mtiuf; Fwpj;J Nfl;f> mjw;fth; vd;ngah; <]h vd;Wk; jhd; xU fd;dpj;jhapd; tapw;wpy; gpwe;jtd; vd;Wk;> Ntw;W Njrj;jpype;J te;Js;Nsd; vd;Wk;> vd;id kf;fs; k]P`; vd;W miog;ghh;gnsd;Wk; $wpdhh; Mjhuk; jk;gdP brk;gh; 1978 gf;fk; 135-139. ,Jtiu ehk; NkNy vLj;Jf;fhl;ba Mjhuq;fsd;wp uNk\; Re;jh;jj; vd;ghhpd; E}yhfpa (History of Civilisation in Ancient India)Guhjhd ,e;jpa fyhr;rhuj;jpd; tuyhW vd;Dk; E}Yk;> lhf;lh; ];ngd;]h; vd;ghuhy; vOjg;gl;l (Mystic Life of Jesus) <]htpd; kiwthd [Ptpak; vd;Dk; E}Yk; <]h egpath;fs; ,e;jpahTf;F tUif je;jpUe;jdh; vd;gij jFe;j Mjhuq;fisf; nfhz;L cWjpg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. ,Jjhd; ,e;jpa Muha;r;rpahsh;fspd; Njrj;ij Fwpj;j Mq;fpNya kw;Wk; u\;a Ma;twpf;if. ,ij ePq;fs; ek;GtNjh my;yJ
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ek;ghky; ,Ug;gNjh cq;fs; tpUg;gk;. mg;gbAk; ,ij ek;gpj;jhdhf Ntz;Lk; vd;w fl;lhak; VJkpy;iy. ,g;NghJ thUq;fs; ,Wjpj; J}jh; K`k;kj; egpf;Fk; ,e;jpahTf;FkpilNa cs;s njhlh;ig ,g;NghJ fhz;Nghk;. ,e;jpahtpy; K`k;kj; egp K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; Njhoh;fspy; xUtuhd jkPk;jhhP vd;ghh; `p[;hp xd;gjhk; Mz;L ,];yhj;ij jOtpdhh;. mtiuf; Fwpj;J elkhLk; xU mwptpg;ghdJ> mth; ,];yhj;ij gug;Gk; Nehf;fj;NjhL ,e;jpahtpd; njd;gFjpf;F te;jhh;. te;jth; ,q;NfNa mfhyKk; va;jptpl;lhh;. mtuJ rkhjp nrd;idia Rw;wpAs;s gFjpfspy; cs;sJ. -E}y;: fpyhgj;Nj uh\pjh mt;h; `pe;J];jhd; gf;fk; 47. jgfhj; ,g;D ]/j;> ]Puj; ,g;D `p\hk;> jhhPNf jg;hP Nghd;w E}y;fspy; fhzg;gLk; xU egpnkhopahdJ `p[;hp gj;jhk; E}`;`hz;b y; egpj;Njhoh; fhypj; gpd; tyPj; vd;ghh; e[;uhid Nrh;e;j gD} `hhp]pd; xU $l;lj;jhiu mioj;Jf; nfhz;L K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; Kd; te;jNghJ> egpath;fs; mf;$l;lj;jhiug; ghh;j;J tpl;L> ahh; ,th;fs;? ,e;jpah;fisg; Nghy; ,Uf;fpwhh;fNs vd;wdh;. -E}y;: fpyhgj;Nj uh\pjh mt;h; `pe;J];jhd; gf;fk; 29-30. Nkw;fz;l ,U egpnkhopfisf; nfhz;Lk; K`k;kj; egpath;fs; ,e;jpah;fis vj;jid J}uk; Ghpe;J nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs; vdpy;> Kfk; njhpahjth;fspd; milahsq;fis tpsf;f ,e;jpah;fis egpath;fs; ctikg;gLj;Jfpd;wdh; vdf; $wg;gLfpwJ. mLj;J ehk; vLj;Jf; fhl;lg; NghFk; ,U egpnkhopfs; K`k;kj; egpath;fs; ,e;jpah;fis ed;whf njhpe;J itj;jpUe;jdh; vd;gij NkYk; cWjpg;gLj;Jtij ghUq;fs;. ,JNghd;Nw egpj;Jt fhyj;jpy; ,e;jpahit Nrh;ej ; gy $l;lj;jhh; muG kz;zpy; tho;e;J te;jdh;. mth;fspy; [hl; kw;Wk; ]ahg;[htpd; $l;lj;jhh; ngUkstpy; mugpa fpof;Ff; flw;fiuNahuk; tho;e;Jte;jdh;. mth;fis muigr; Nrh;e;j midth;fSk; njhpe;J itj;jpUe;jdh;. mJkl;Lky;y. K`k;kj; egpath;fSk; mth;jk; Njhoh;fSk; $l mth;fis njhpe;J itj;jpUe;jdh;. cjhuzkhf jph;kpjp vd;Dk; egpnkhop E}ypy; mg;Jy;yh`; gpd; k];T+j; vd;Dk; egpj;Njhoiuf; nfhz;L mwptpf;fg;gLtjhtJ rpyh; vd;gf;fkhf te;jdh;. mth;fspd; Njfk; kw;Wk; Nfrk; Nghd;wit [hl; ,dj;jhiug; NghypUe;jJ. E}y;: jph;kpjp> ghfk; 2 gf;fk; 135.

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Gfhhp vd;Dk; egpnkhop fpue;jj;jpy; K`k;kj; egpath;fs; %]h egpia kp/uh[{ila gazj;jpd;NghJ fz;lijg; gw;wp> %]h egpapd; epwj;ijAk;> rhPuj;ijAk; [hl; ,dj;jhNuhL xg;gpl;Lf; $wpdh; vdf; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. me;j egpnkhopahdJ ,g;D ckh; vd;Dk; egpj; Njhoh; K`k;kj; egpath;fs; etpd;wjhff; $Wfpwhh;> ehd; <]h egp> %]h egp kw;Wk; ,gwh`Pk; egpiaf; fz;Nld;. <]h rpte;j epwKilatuhfTk;> RUz;l NfrKs;stuhfTk;> gue;j khh;GilatuhfTk; ,Ue;jhh;. ,t;]hthNw %]h egp NfhJik epwKilatuhfTk;> ePz;l jiyKbiaf; nfhz;ltuhfTk; [hl; ,dj;jhiug; Nghd;Wk; ,Ue;jhh;. E}y;: Gfhhp> ghlk; fpjhGy; md;gpah. Mf ,Jtiu ehk; vLj;Jf;fhl;bait midj;Jk; ,e;jpahitg; gw;wp K`k;kj; egpath;fSf;F ,Ue;j ghpr;raj;ij kl;Lk; Rl;bf; fhl;Lfpw mwptpg;Gf;fshFk;. Mdhy; tprak; ghpr;raj;NjhL kl;Lky;y. ,e;jpahTld; K`k;kj; egpath;fSf;F ,Ue;j neUf;fkhd njhlh;G> Nerk;> gpizg;G Nghd;witfisAk; ,g;NghJ ghUq;fs;. muG Njrj;jtUf;F ,e;jpahTld; vg;NghJNk neUf;fkhd gpizg;G ,Ue;J te;Js;sJ. ,jpy; mugpah; epidg;gJ vd;dntdpy;> Mjk; egpath;fs; G+kpapy; j[;dh vd;Dkplj;jpy;jhd; ,wf;fg;gl;lhh;fs; vd;Wk;> me;j ,lk; ,e;jpahtpy;jhd; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;Wk; ek;Gfpd;wdh;. mJNghJ E}Nu K`k;kjP (K`k;kj; egpapd; N[hjp) MjKila new;wpapy; mkhdpjkhf ,Ue;jjhy; ,jd;%yk; cWjpg;gLj;jg;gLk; tprak; ahnjdpy;> K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; Kjy; Jtf;fj;jpw;Fhpa ntspg;ghNl ,e;jpahtpy;jhd; Muk;gkhapw;W vd;gjhk;. E}y; jg;]Ph; Jh;Uy; kd;]_h; ghfk; 1 gf;fk; 55. kw;Nwhh; mwptpg;ghdJ> Rtdj;jpypUe;J ehd;F ejpfs; ntspahapw;W. mit iey;> Guhj;> i[`_d;> i]`_d; vd;gjhFk;. ,jpy; iey; ejp vfpg;jpYs;sJ. ,t;thNw Guhj; ejp <uhf;fpYk;> i[`_d; ejp JUf;fpapYk; cs;sJ. i]`_idg; gw;wp nrhy;Yk; NghJ mJ ,e;jpahtpYs;s ejp vd;W nrhy;yg;gLfpd;wJ. vd;d? Rtdj;Jila me;j ehd;fhtJ ejpia fq;if vd;W nrhy;yyhkh? ,Ug;gpDk; NtWrpyh; mij rpe;J ejp vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdh;. E}y; mug; `pe;j;Nf jmy;Yfhj; gf;fk; 2>3. ,JNghd;Nw mugpahplk; fhzg;gLk; kw;Nwhh; egpnkhopahdJ K`k;kj; egpath;fs; $wpdh;> vdf;F ,e;jpa Njrj;jpd; gf;fkpUe;J ,iwahz;ikapd; eWkzk; tPRfpwJ vd;Wk;> ,t;thNw myP vd;Dk; egpj;Njhoh; kpfg; ghpRj;jkhd eWkzk; epiwe;j ,lk; ,e;jpah vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdh;. E}y;: ]g;jj;Jy; kh;[hd; /gPjhhPf; `pe;J];j;jhd; gf;fk; 88.

56

,Jkl;Lky;y. K`k;kj; egpath;fs; ,e;jpahtpy; epfotpUf;Fk; Aj;jj;ijg; gw;wpa Rgr; nra;jpiaAk; je;Js;sdh;. ,J vg;gbg;gl;l Aj;jk; vdpy; ,jpy; gq;Nfw;whNy NghJk;. gq;Nfw;gth; euf neUg;ig tpl;Lk; ghJfhg;Gg; ngWthh; vd;gjhf K`k;kj; egpath;fs; $Wfpd;wdh;. ,jid ,khk; e]hap RddpYk;> ,khk; jg;uhdp K/[kpYk; jFe;j Mjhuq;fisf; nfhz;L ]t;ghd; vd;Dk; egpj;Njhoh; %yk; mwptpf;fpd;wdh;. K`k;kj; egpath;fs; $Wfpd;wdh;> vdJ r%fj;jpYs;s ,U $l;lj;jhUf;F ,iwtd; euf neUg;gpypUe;J ghJfhg;G mspj;jhd;. mjpy; xU $l;lk; ,e;jpahtpy; [p`hj; (mwg;Nghh;) nra;Ak;. ,d;ndhU $l;lk; <]h egpNahL ,Uf;Fk;. E}y;: e]hap ghfk; 2 gf;fk; 63. mG+`{iuuh vd;Dk; egpj;Njhoh; $Wfpwhh;> vq;fspilNa K`k;kj; egpath;fs; ,e;jpa Aj;jk; Fwpj;J thf;fspj;Js;sdh;. xUNtis ehd; mjpy; gq;F ngWNtdhapd; vdJ caph; nghUs; midj;ijAk; mjw;fhf nrytpLNtd;. mt;thwpd;wp xUNtis ehd; mg;Nghhpy; ntl;lg;gl;lhy; kpfr; rpwe;j \`Pjh(jpahfpah)FNtd;. mg;gbAk; ,d;wp xU Ntis ehd; jpUk;gp te;jhy; eufjj;jpypUe;J tpLjiy ngw;w mG+`{iuuhthf jpUk;gp tUNtd; vd;W $Wfpd;wdh;. (,iwtd; ekf;Fk; mg;Nghhpy; gq;F nfhs;Sk; ghf;fpaj;ij jUthdhf) E}y;: fpyhgj;Nj uh\pjh mt;h; `pe;J];j;jhd; gf;fk; 36. muGk; `pe;Jk; xd;whapUe;jd. muGf;Fk; ,e;jpahTf;Fk; Mapuf;fzf;fhd Mz;Lfshf eilngw;W te;Js;s th;j;jf> fyhr;rhu kw;Wk; Md;kf P hPjpahd njhlh;gpd; xU ePz;l tuyhw;Wila kj;jpag; gFjpiaj;jhd; ,Jtiu ePq;fs; ghh;j;jPhf ; s;. rpyNghJ ,t;tpU Njrq;fSk; xNu fk;A+l;lhpd; ,U ghfq;fNsh vd;W $l vz;zj; Njhd;WfpwJ. rpy ,ul;il rNfhjuh;fspd; %is ntt;Ntwhf ,Ue;jhYk; mth;fspd; vz;z miyfs; kl;Lk; xd;whfr; Nrh;e;J (,UtUk; gyE}W iky;fSf;F mg;ghy; gphpe;jpUe;j NghjpYk;) xNu khjphpahf rpe;jpg;gijg; Nghy xU fhyj;jpy; ,e;jpahTk;> muGk; Gtpapay; hPjpahf xd;whf ,ize;jpUe;jd vd;Wjhd; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. Vd;! ,U Njrq;fSk; ,uz;lw fye;jpUe;jd vd;W nrhd;dhy; ePq;fs; jpifj;Jg; NghtPh;fsh vd;d? mjd;gpd; ,t;tpU NjrKk; fhyr; Row;rpapd; khw;wq;fshy; gpehpe;J NghapUf;fyhky;yth? fhuzk; Gtpapay; Ma;thsh;fsJ etPd Ma;Tf;Fg; gpd; ,g;gue;J tphpe;Js;s G+kpapd; twl;rpg; gFjp mirahj; jd;ik nfhz;ljy;y. khwhf rjh ,J mire;J nfhz;Nl ,Uf;fpdwnjdf; $Wfpd;wdh;. ,UgJ Nfhb Mz;LfSf;F Kd; ,g;G+kpapd; twz;l gFjpapYs;s ghfq;fs; midj;Jk; xd;Nwhnlhd;W ,ize;jpUe;jd. mg;NghJ mt;twz;l gFjpapd; ehw;GwKk; flyhy; R+og;gl;bUe;jJ. mtw;wpd; gFjpfs; mf;fha;e;j kzw;gug;gpypUe;J
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cile;J kpje;jthNw ,d;W ehk; ghh;f;Fk; Njhw;wj;jpw;F te;J Nrh;e;Js;sd. mj;Jld; mit ,g;NghJk; mire;J nfhz;Ljhd; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,e;jj; jiyg;gpy;nudhy;L i\yh; vd;ghuhy; vOjg;gl;l (Earths Continents Are Adrift) G+kpapd; twz;l gFjpfs; kpjf;fpd;wd vd;Dk; fl;LiuapypUe;J rpy gFjpfis cq;fspd; Nkyhd ghh;itf;F jUfpNwhk;. ,J hPlh;]; il[];l; vd;Dk; ehspjopy; [_iy 1971y; ntspte;jJ. rpy glq;fisAk; ehk; je;jpUf;fpNwhk;.mitfSk; hPlh;]; il[];l;bypUe;J vLj;jJjhd;. ,g;NghJ gbAq;fs;. ehD}w;wp mWgJ Nfhb Mz;Lfshf Gtpapay; tuyhw;wpy; fly; tphpe;Jk; RUq;fpAk; te;Js;sJ. ,d;dk; G+kp flypd; nfhe;jspg;ghy; xU gioa fg;giyg; Nghd;W mq;Fkpq;Fkhf miye;J nfhz;bUe;jJ. mjpy; rpytw;iw ,d;W fhNzhk;. ,e;j tpsf;fq;fs; midj;ijAk; tpQ;Qhdpfs; xl;Lnkhj;jkhf Vw;Wf; nfhs;stpy;iy vd;whYk; ,J xU fw;gid ghh;it my;y vd;Wk;>khwhf ,J cz;ikjhd; vd;gij tpQ;Qhdpfs; cyfk; ,d;W Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpwJ. fly; Muha;r;rpapd; tpQ;Qhdpahd %u];ahq; vd;ghh; $Wtijf; nfhz;L ,e;j tpQ;Qhd Ma;tpd; Mjhuk; kdpj Fyj;jpw;F kpftk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j xd;whFk; vd;W $Wfpwhh;. Jtf;fj;jpy; G+kpapd; vy;yh twz;l gFjpfSk; xd;whfj;jhd; xd;Nwhnlhd;W gpd;dpg; gpize;J nfhz;bUe;jd. ,UgJ Nfhb tUlq;fSf;F Kd; ,g;gykhd twl;rpg; gFjp cila Muk;gpj;jJ. vJtiunadpy; ,d;W ehk; ghh;gg ; ijg; Nghy; VO fz;lq;fshfTk;> gw;gy jPTfshfTk; cile;jd. ,t;tidj;J twl;rpg; gFjpfSk; xU gykhd rf;jpiaf; nfhz;L (mjDila jiyik gPlk; vJntd;W njhpatpy;iy) xt;nthU gFjpapYk; kpjf;fpd;wd. ,d;Dk; mtw;wpd; Ntfk; Mz;Lf;F xU nrd;b kPl;lhpypUe;J gjpide;J nrd;b kPl;luhFk;. Gtpapay; ghh;itapd; gb ,J mjpfkhd NtfkhFk;. cjhuzkhf tpQ;QhdpfSf;F njhpate;jJ vd;dntdpy;> flypd; gug;gsTf;Fhpa mfyk; mjpfkhfpf; nfhz;Ls;sJ vd;gNjahFk;. INuhg;ghTk; njd; mnkhpf;fhTk; xd;wpypUe;J kw;nwhd;W Mz;Lf;F ,uz;liu nrd;bkPl;lh; tpyfpg; Ngha; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. flyd; ,af;fj;Jila Ntj;ij fzf;nfLj;jgpd; tpQ;QhdpfSf;F njhpate;j tprak;ahnjdpy; twz;l gFjpahd G+kpapd; vy;yh Jz;LfSk; Kd;dh; ve;j tbtj;jpy; xd;Nwhnlhd;W gpd;dpf; nfhz;L ,Ue;jNjh mjpy; Kjd; Kjyhf xU gykhd fpof;F Nkw;fpd; tphpry; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. mjdhy; Mg;gphpf;fhTk; tlmnkhpf;fhTk; gphpe;jd. mz;lhh;bfhTk; M];jpNuypahTk; gphpe;jd. ,jpy; ,e;jpah Rje;jpukile;J tlgFjpapy; kpjf;fj; Jtq;fp ,UgJ Nfhb Mz;Lfspy; G+kp jw;NghJ fhzg;gLk; cUt mikg;ig ngw;wJ.
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NkNy cs;s tiuglj;jpy; ,e;jpah Kd;G ,g;NghJs;s G+kpj;Jz;bd; twl;rpg; gFjpahd Mg;gphpf;fhTld;jhd; ,ize;J ,Ue;jJ. mjd;gpd; ,e;jpah mij tpl;L jdpahfg; gphpe;j gpd; Nfhbf;fzf;fhd tUlq;fspd; khw;wj;jhy; Mg;gphpf;fh ,Ue;j ,lj;jpy; ,g;NghJ G+kpj; Jz;bd; ,d;ndhU twl;rpg; gFjpahd muGg; gpuNjrk; ,ize;Js;sJ. NkYk; ,e;j G+kpiag; gw;wpa xU gioa ek;gpf;if vt;thW ,Ue;jJ vdpy;> [Ptpak; vd;gJ n tWk; kdpjDf;Fk;> tpyq;FfSf;Fk;> gpw fz;fshy; fhzg;gLfpw rpU\;bfSf;F kl;Lk;jhd; cz;nld;W xU fhyj;jpy; ek;gg;gl;lJ. mjd;gpd; tpQ;Qhdk; jhtuq;fSf;Fk; [Ptpak; cz;nld;gij cWjpg;gLj;jpw;W. Mdhy; mNj tpQ;Qhdk; ,d;W fy;fuL> kiy Nghd;w [lg; nghUl;fSf;Fk; [Ptpak; cz;nld;gij Mjhug; gLj;JfpwJ. vJtiu vdpy; me;j [lg; nghUl;fSf;F czUk; jz;ikAk; jPtpukilAk; cj;Ntfj; jd;ikAk; $l cz;nldf; $WfpwJ. (,J K];ypk; Ntjkhd Fh;Midf; nfhz;L Kd;Ng cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,Ug;gpDk; ekJ Ngr;rpd; jiyg;G vd;gJ ,Jty;y) Mjyhy; cyfpYs;s xt;nthU nghUSf;Fk; [PtpaKz;Lvd;gNjhL mitfSf;fpilNa gpizg;Gk;> tphprYk cz;nld;gij NkNyhl;lkhf rpe;jpg;gtuhy; Ghpe;J nfhs;s KbahJ. fhuzk; fz;Zf; njhpahj xU rf;jpapd; topelj;jiyf; nfhz;L gy;NtW fl;Lg;ghLfshYk; tpjpKiwfshYk; ,Wf;fg;gl;Ls;s ntt;NtW nghUl;fSf;F kj;jpapy; NerKk; ntWg;Gk; $l czug;gLfpwJ vd;why; ,q;Nf mjpraf;fj;jf;f xU tprak; vd;dntdpy;> muGg; gpuNjrk; ,e;jpa Njrj;jpd; Gtpapay; $w;wpd;gb
59

gphpe;J tpl;l gpd;dUk; $l ,t;tpU Njrq;fSf;FkpilNa fhe;jj;ijg; Nghd;w <h;f;ff; $ba xU gpizg;G ,g;NghJk; ,Uf;fpwnjd;why; mjd;%yk; fle;j fhyq;fspy; ,t;tpU Njrq;fSf;FkpilNa xU Mokhd Mj;khh;j;jj; njhlh;G ,Ue;jnjd;gijAk; tUq;fhyj;jpy; ,j;njhlh;G ,d;Dk; mjpfkhf epiyj;J ntspg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; vd;gNjahk;. GOjpNawpa fz;zhbapy; ghyP\; VwhJ. ,g;G+Tyfpy; xt;nthU nehbg;nghOJk; epfo;eJ ; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,af;f khWjy;fspd; ve;jf; Nfhzj;ij Nehf;fpdhYk; ,aw;ifapd; me;j mofhd khw;wq;fs; kdpj mwpit kiyg;Gf;Fs;shf;fp tpLfpd;wd. Nfhbf;fzf;fhd Mz;LfSf;F Kd; ,g;G+kpapd; ,U Jz;Lfs; xd;Nwhnlhd;W ,ize;jpUe;jJ. gpd;dh; gphpe;J tpl;ld. mjd;gpd; xU Jz;bd; kPJ cyfpd; Kjy; kdpjh; jdJ ghjk; gjpf;fpwhh;. ,t;thNw ,d;ndhU Jz;by; Rth;f;fj;jpypUe;j mtUila Jiztp ,wf;fg;gLfpwhh;. (mwptpg;Gf;fspd; Mjhug;gb `t;thit [pj;jhtpy; ,wf;fg;gl;lJ) ,jd; %yk; ,g;G+kpapy; thog;NghFk; kdpj ,dj;ij Jtf;fj;jpNyNa mt;tpU Jz;Lg; gFjpapYk; ,wf;fpajhy; mt;tpU gFjpf;Fk; xU neUf;fkhd njhlh;G Vw;gl;Ltpl;lJ. mjpy; xU Jz;Lg;gFjpapd; ngah;jhd; ,e;jpah. ,d;ndhd;wpd; ngah; mug;. ,t;thNw E}`; egpapd; [yg;gpusak; ,t;tpU Jz;Lg;gFjpapypUe;J Jtq;fp mf;fg;gy; jz;zPhpy; kpje;jthNw ,d;ndhU gFjpf;F NkNy nrd;W epw;fpwJ. mjd;gpd; E}`; egp me;j gFjpapypUe;J ,e;jg; gFjpf;Fj; jpUk;gp tUfpwhh;. ,e;jpa Njrj;ij Nrh;ej ; gy $l;lj;jhUila kf;fs; vy;yh fhyq;fspYNk mugpd; gy;NtW gFjpfspy; fhzg;gLfpd;wdh;. xU gFjpapy;Njhd;Wk; egp $l ,d;ndhU gFjpNahL jdJ njhlh;ig epue;jug; gLj;jpf; nfhs;fpwhh;. gpd;dh; muGg; gFjpapy; ,Wjpj; J}jh; Njhd;Wfpwhh;. xU $l;lk; mJ khw;wj;ijg; ng Wtjw;F Kd; kdpjj;Jtk; kw;Wk; nfhs;if hPjpahd topNfl;bd; fhuzkhf cyfpd; ghh;itapy; rpjwpf; fple;jJ. mjd;gpd; mJ khwpw;W. khwpaJ kl;Lky;y cyfpd; ,d;ndhU ngUk;gFjpiaAk; khw;wpl K`k;kj; egpapd; mw;Gjk; mg;gFjpiaAk; jd;NdhL ,izj;Jf; nfhz;lJ. mjhtJ ,g;NghJ Mapuj;J ehD}W Mz;LfSf;Fg;gpd; ,e;jpahitr; Nrh;e;j ve;jf; $l;lk; kdpjj;Jtk; kw;Wk; nfhs;if mbg;gilapy; cyfpd; ghh;itapy; rpjwpf; fplf;fpwNjh mJTk; kpftpiutpy; `pe;jp Xk;kj; vd;gjpypUe;J ck;kj;jhf khwg; NghfpwJ. ,d;Dk; ,ij nray;tbtkhf;f>epiwNtw;w Ntz;b ,Wjp \hPmj; (tho;tpay; eilKiw) nfhz;Ls;s xU $l;lj;ij E}`; egpapd; $l;lkhfpa Kjy; \hPmj;Jila $l;lj;jhNuhL ,e;jpa kz;zpy; ,izf;fg;gLfpwJ. Kjypy; Ntjap]k;> gpd;dh; i]dap]k;> Gj;jap]k; mjd;gpd;dh; ,];yhkpa Qhdpfs; E}`; egpapd; fhyj;jpypUe;J ,d;Wtiu ,e;jNjrj;ij Md;kPfj;jpd; epiyf;fsdhfNt jf;fitj;J te;Js;sdh;. Mapuf;fzf;fhd
60

Mz;Lfshf gbe;J NghAs;s GOjpfs; ,g;NghJ mfw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk;. Vw;fdNt cs;s kpfj; J}a;ikahd gpufhrKilajhf ,Uf;Fk; xd;iw kPz;Lk; nkUNfw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;w mtrpakpy;iy. ,t;thNw GOjpahy; fiugbe;J NghAs;s xd;iw gsgsg;ghf Mf;FtJk; elf;fhj fhhpakhFk;. vd;d? ,g;NghJ kdpjh;fs; ,Wjpehis vjph;Nehf;fp nfhz;Ls;sdNu! mJ mth;fsplk; jpBnud te;Jtpl;lhy;? mjDila milahsq;fs; te;j tpl;ld. vg;NghJ mJ te;J tpLNkh mg;NghJ ey;YgNjrj;ij nrtpNaw;ff; $ba re;jh;g;gk; mth;fSf;F vq;Nf fpilf;Fk;? -my;Fh;Md; R+wh K`k;kj; trdk; 18. mj;jpahak; Ie;J Ke;ija Ntjr; Rtbfs; Ntjk; xU tpsf;fk; ehq;fs; midj;Jf;Fk; Ke;ija ,iwtidj;jhd; tzq;FfpNwhk;.-E}y;: hpf; Ntjk; 1-1-1 V! mwptpd; %yNk! midj;ijAk; gpufhrg;gLj;Jk; gunk];tuh! vq;fis Neuhd kw;Wk; kd;dpg;Gf;Fhpa rPuhd ghijapy; elj;jpr; nry;. V! Rfkspf;Fk; gpuGNt! M[uhfpAs;s rf;futh;j;jpNa! eP vy;yh fy;tp nray; kw;Wk; vz;zq;fisAk; njhpe;jtdhapUf;fpwha;. vq;fis tpl;L jpirkhWk; topNfl;ilAk; ghtq;fisAk; J}ug;gLj;J. ehq;fs; cd;idNa tzq;fp Gfo;fpNwhk;. E}y; hpf; Ntjk; 3-121-10 mfpyq;fspd; mjpgjp xUtd; kl;LNk E}y; :hpf;Ntjk; 3-121-10. [dq;fNs! NfSq;fs;. epuh\;d];i] (K`k;kj; egpia) kdpjh;fSf;fpilNa msT fle;J Gfog;gLk; E}y;: mjh;tz Ntjk; 1127-20. mth;fs; ,Wjpehis kwe;J ,d;Dk; mwpitAk; ey;Gj;jpiaAk; Vsdkhf vz;zp cjhrPdg;gLj;jp ekJ fl;Lg;ghl;bd; vy;iyia kPwpf; nfhz;Ls;sdh;. hpf; Ntjk; 3-4-1. ,it rpy Ntj ke;jpuq;fspd; mh;j;jkhFk;. mikjpahf Nahrpj;Jg; ghUq;fs;;. vd;d? ,e;Jkj Ntjq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; ,t;thf;fpaq;fs; K];ypk; Ntjkhd ;Fh;Mdpy; fhzg;gLk; thf;fpaq;fisg; Nghd;W > Nghjidfisg; Nghd;W njd;gltpy;iy? ,e;J kj Ntjq;fspy; ,g;gb rpy cjhuzq;fsy;y. me;j Ntjq;fs; KOtJk; ,g;gbg;gl;l Nghjidfshy; jhd; epuk;gpAs;sd. mitfspy; rpytw;iw ,e;j mj;jpahaj;jpd; ,Wjpapy; ehk; vLj;Jf; fhl;LNthk;. mjw;FKd; ghku ,e;Jf;fspd; ghh;itapy;
61

mth;fSila ghh;g;Nghk;.

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Ntj \h;tj;jP fahd; (Nfl;fg;gl;l my;yJ Nfl;Lf; nfhs;sg;gl;l fy;tp) vd;gJjhd; NtjkhFk;. Mapuf;fzf;fhd tUlq;fshf ,e;j Ntjq;fs; vOj;J tbtpy; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. ,it gz;bjh;fspd; epidtpYk;> xU ,jaj;jpype;J ,d;ndhU ,jaj;jpw;F Nghjpf;fg;gl;Lk; te;jJ. Kjd; Kjy; Nkf;]; Ky;yh;(MAX MULLER) vd;gth;jhd; mjpfkhd gz;bjh;fis re;jpj;J ngUk; gpuahirf;Fg; gpd; me;j Ntjq;fis vOj;J tbtj;jpw;F nfhz;L te;jhh;. mth; kl;Lk; ,ij nra;ahjpUe;jhy; ghku kf;fSf;F ,ijf; fhZk; tha;g;Ng fpilj;jpUf;fhJ. mj;Jld; Ntjj;ij vy;yh kf;fSk; Nfl;gjw;Fhpa mDkjpAk; mg;NghJ toq;fg;gl;bUf;ftpy;iy. Ntjq;fsidj;Jk; xd;Wjhd; vd;Wk;> Mdhy; xNu Ntjkhf ,Ue;jJjhd; ,d;W ehd;fhf Mfptpl;lnjd;Wk; ,th;fs; ek;Gfpd;wdh;. ,d;Dk; ,ijf; Fwpj;J gy;NtW fpUj;Jf;fSk; epyTfpd;wd. xUrhuhh; cz;ikahd Ntjk; kiwe;J tpl;lnjd;W $Wfpd;wdh;. NtWrpyh; me;ehd;F Ntjq;fspy; xd;W kl;Lk; jhd; cz;ikahd Ntjk; vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdh;. ,d;Dk; rpyh; xNu Ntjj;ij jhd; ehd;fhfg; gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sjhff; $Wfpd;wdh;. Ntj; Njt;jhj;jp (mjhtJ ,iwthf;F) vd;gJ ,jDila mh;j;jkhFk;. ,e;Jf;fs; kfhghujj;ijAk;> uhkhazj;ijAk; hp\pfshy; vOjg;gl;lit vdf; $Wfpd;wdh;. mNjNeuk; Ntjj;ij ,iwthf;F vd;gjhff; $Wfpd;wdh;. Ntj; gh;`k;fh ep[;fahd; (mjDila mh;j;jk; ,iwtDila jdpj;jd;ikahd mwpT vd;gjhFk;) Ntjk; vd;gJ ,Utif fy;tpfshy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjpnyhd;W> Ntj; ke;jh; \{h;tj;jp (fl;lis rk;ge;jkhd trdq;fs;) ,uz;lhtJ> Ntj; je;jh; \{h;tj;jp rq;Nfjh];gjkhd trdq;fs;. Ntj; Mjp fpue;j; (Ke;jpa Ntjr; Rtbfs;) MFk;. ,dp ,e;j E}w;whz;bd; Ntjq;fisf; Fwpj;j Ma;thsh;fspy; Kjy; kdpjuhd Nkf;]; Ky;yUf;F njhlh;r;rpahd ,UgJ Mz;Lfspd; ,iltplhj ciog;Gf;Fk;> fzf;fpd;wp nra;ag;gl;l nryTf;Fg; gpwFk; $lntWk; rha;d; Mr;rh;ahtpd; tphpTiu kl;Lk; jhd; mtUf;F KOikahf fpilj;jJ. mij Mjhukhf itj;Jf; nfhz;L fzf;fpy;yhj gz;bjh;fspd; cjtpahy; kpfg; nghpa mstpy; kiwe;Jfple;j Ntjq;fis cyfpd; Kd; E}y; tbtpy; nfhz;L te;jhh;. E}y;: G+kPfh a[_h; Ntj;> gf;fk; 3>4 Mrphpah;: =uhk; rh;kh[p.

62

Mhpad; ; ,J kdpj ,dj;jypy; Kjd; Kjy; Nghlg;gl;l gjkhFk;. ,jDila njhlh;G cyfk; kw;Wk; ,e;jpa tuyhWfspy; fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,d;Dk; ,J gpd;dhy; te;j tk;rj;jhhpd; epidTr; rpd;dkhFk;. kdpj ,dj;jhhpd; re;jjpapy; Mhpahpd; $l;lj;jhUf;F Ke;ija Ntjq;fNshL njhlh;G cz;L. (Nkf;]; Ky;yh;) (Quoted by Griffith in the preface of the first edition of the Hymns of Rig Veda Volume1) ,e;he;F Ntjq;fspd; Jtf;fj;ijAk; tpz;ZyNfhL Njhlh;G gLj;jpg; Ngrg;gLfpwJ. ,d;Dk; ,J fhyq;fhykhf ,Ue;J tUfpwnjd;Wk; ek;gg;gLfpwJ. kfj;jhd gilg;ghsdplkpUe;Jk; mtDila gilg;ghspfspd; thapyhf ngwg;gl;ljhfTk; ekg;gg;gLfpwJ. NkYk; ,jDla Jtf;fk; vq;fpUe;J Muk;gkhapw;W vd;gjw;Fhpa tpsf;fj;jpy; Fog;gk; fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,Ug;gpDk; ,J kdpj ,dj;jhUf;F ,iwtd; %ykhf toq;fg;gl;l ntFkjpnad;Nw ekg;gg;gLfpwJ. (tpf;fpd;];) (W.J. Wilkins in Hindu Mythology,Page-3) ,J Ntjk;jhd; vd;gij ahh; Mjhug;gLj;jpdhh;? ,J rpf;fyhd Nfs;tpahFk;. Mdhy; nfhs;if gpbg;Gs;s ,e;Jf;fs; ,ij kdpj thf;fy;yhj ,iwthf;F vd;gjhf ek;Gfpd;wdh;. mjhtJ ,ij ,iwNtjnkd;W ek;Gfpd;wdh;. (lhf;lh; rk;G+udhde;j;) fpwpj;Jt Ma;thsh; Lgha;]; vOJfpwhh; ,jpy; gpujpfs; vLg;Nghhpd; ftdf;FiwT kw;Wk; mwpahik fhuzkhf ,jpy; ngUkstpy; jtWfs; Neh;e;J tpl;ld. (Hindu Manners Customs, page 174) \h`; typAy;yh`;tpd; fhyj;ijr; Nrh;e;j kPh;]h k[;`h; [hnd[hd; vd;Dk; \h`; mg;Jy; m]P]; K`j;jp]; nj`;ytp vd;gtuhy; vOjg;gl;l E}iy Mjhukhff; nfhz;L Gug]h; fyPf; ep[hkp vd;ghh; vOJfpwhh; ,th;fs; ,e;Jf;fis mugpa ,izitg;ghsh;fNshL xg;gpl kWj;jJ kl;Lkpy;yyhkJ Ntjq;fis Qhd (,y;`hkp) E}y;fnsd;W ek;GtNjhL ,e;Jf;fis Ntjf;fhuh;fSila juj;Jf;F cah;j;Jfpd;wdh;. E}y;: jhPf; k\hapf; rp\;j;> ghfk; 5> gf;fk; 58. cj;jpug; gpuNjrj;jpy; ]`hud;G+h; vd;Dk; ChpYs;s k]h`pUy; cY}k; vd;Dk; mugpf; fy;Y}hpapd; Kg;jp (khh;f;f jPh;g;ghsh;) nksyhdh K`k;kJ a`;ah vd;ghh; xU Nfs;tpf;F gjpyspf;Fk; NghJ ,g;gb vOJfpwhh;. `[;uj; kPh;]h k[;`h; [hnd[hd; mth;fsJ E}y;fspy; Ntjq;fisg; gw;wp Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. mth;fs; mij thDyf kw;Wk;
63

Qhd(,y;`hkp) fpue;jnkd;W ek;Gfpd;wdh;. mLj;;J my;yhkh \h`; mg;Jy; m]P]; K`j;jp]; jp`;ytp kw;Wk; mg;Jy; i` yf;dtp Nghd;Nwhhhpd; gj;thtp(khh;f;fj; jPh;g;gp)Yk; vij ,th;fs; mtjhuk; vd;fpwhh;fNsh mij gpd;gw;WNthiug; gw;wpAk; me;j mtjhuq;fs; gw;wpAk; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. cjhuzkhf Mhpah;fs; jq;fspd; khh;f;f(kj)j;ij thDyf khh;f;fnkd;Wk;> jq;fspd; fpue;jq;fis Qhd(,y;`hkp) Ntjq;fnsd;Wk; $Wfpwhh;fsy;yth? mjw;Fhpa Mjhuj;ij mth;fsplk; Nfl;f Ntz;bAs;sJ. vdpDk; jFe;j fhuzkpd;wp mij ehk; kWf;fTk; $lhJ. cjhuzkhf vq;fSila Mrphpah; nksyhdh m];mJy;yh`; mth;fs; mth;fisg; gw;wp tpUk;gj;jfhj thh;j;ijfisg; gad;gLj;Jtjpy;iy. -E}y;: nksyhdh mf;yhf; `{i]d; fhrpkp> gpg;uthp 1988 gf;fk; 13. jhUy; cY}k; Njt;ge;j; vd;Dk; mugpf; fy;Y}hpad; ];jhgfh; fh]pk; ehD}j;jtp vd;ghhpd; epiy vt;thwpUe;J vdpy;> uhkidf; Fwpj;Njh my;yJ fpU\;zizf; Fwpj;Njh jtwhf NgRtijf; $lhnjd;W jLj;J te;jhh;. Vnddpy; mt;tpUtUk; u]_yhf ,Uf;fyhnkd vz;Zgtuhf mth; ,Ue;J te;jhh;. ghpRj;jk; vd vt;thW ek;GtJ? ,Jtiu vLj;Jf; fhl;ba Mjhuq;fisf; nfhz;L ehk; cWjpg;gLj;j tpUk;Gk; tprak; vd;dntdpy;> Ntjf; fpue;jq;fspy; thDyfr; nra;jpfs; ,Ug;gjw;F tha;g;G cz;L vd;gjhk;. Fiwe;j gl;rk; me;j Ntjf; fpue;jq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; Mapuf;fzf;fhd Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dNu K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; tUif gw;wpa nra;jpfs; thDyf nra;jpfshfj; jhd; , Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. mitad;wp Vfj;Jtk; kw;Wk; ,Wjpehspd; ek;gpf;if Fwpj;j nra;jpfisf; nfhz;L mij Ntjnkd;W Vw;Wf; nfhs;s KbahJ. Vnddpy; njsuhj; ,d;[Py; Nghd;w Ntjq;fspy; $wg;gl;lit gpd;dh; khw;wpg; Gul;lg;gl;ijg; Nghy gpd;dhy; ,t;tpraq;fs; mf;fpue;jq;fspy; Nrh;f;fg;gl;bUf;fyhk;. ,Ug;gpDk; ,jw;F %d;W fhuzq;fs; cz;L. 1. ,g;NghJs;s njsuhj;> [G+h;> ,d;[Py; Nghd;w fpue;jq;fis ghpRj;j Ntjnkd;W Vw;gjpy; re;Njfk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. 2. xU Ntjk; Ntjk;jhd; vd;gjw;F me;j Ntjk;jhd; MjhukhFk;. Vfj;Jtk; kw;Wk; kWik rk;ge;jkhd rpy nra;jpfs; mitfspy; ,Ug;gij itj;J mitfis njsuhj; vd;Wk; [G+h; vd;Wk; ,d;[Py; vd;Wk; Vw;f KbahJ. 3. njsuhj;> [G+h;> ,d;[Piyg; gw;wp Fh;Mdpy; Ngrg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mdhy; Ntj fpue;jq;fisg; gw;wp Fh;Mdpy; vq;FNk Ngrg;gltpy;iy. Mjyhy; ehk; Nkw;fz;l %d;W re;Njfj;jpw;Fhpa tpsf;fj;ij thpirahff; fPNo jUfpNwhk;. jw;NghJs;s njsuhj;> [G+h;> ,d;[y P ; Nghd;wtw;Wf;F Ntjj;jpw;Fhpa ghpRj;j epiyapid nfhLg;gjw;Fhpa rl;lg;gpur;rid Fwpj;J nksyhdh
64

cigJy;yh`; $Wfpwhh;

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ekJ cykh(khh;f;f mwpQh;)f;fs; nghJthfNt m]y; njsuhj;> [G+h;> ,d;[Py; Nghd;w Ntjq;fs; kiwe;J Ngha; tpl;lnjd;W vz;zpf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wdh;. mjdhy;jhd; ,g;NghJs;s me;j Ntjq;fis m th;fs; ghpRj;jkhditfnsd ek;gj;jahuhf ,y;iy. ,j;jifa fz;Nzhl;ljhy; Vw;gl;l Nkhrkhd tpisT vd;dntdpy; jpUf;Fh;Md; Ntjf;fhuh;fis Nehf;fp ve;nje;j ,lj;jpy; jq;fspd; Ntjg;gpufhuk; mth;fs; nray;gltpy;iy vd;Wk;> mth;fs; nray;gl Ntz;Lnkd;Wk; $WfpwNjh mj;jifa trdq;fSf;Fhpa rhpahd tphpTiuia ekJ cykhf;fshy; nra;a KbahJ Ngha;tpl;lJ. Mjhuk;: my;Gh;fhd; gNuyp 1941> gf;fk; 282. NkYk; Fh;Midg; Nghd;W ,e;j Ntjq;fspd; t`P (nja;t mwpgpg;G) mjDila vOj;JHf;fs;> mh;j;jq;fs; Nghd;wit Kiwahf ghJfhf;fg;gl;lijg; Nghy NtW ve;j kj Ntjq;fspYk; ,k;Kiw ifahsg;gltpy;iy. mjw;F khwhf nghJthd hPjpapy; mk;kj Kd;Ndhbfs; jkJ Raeph;za mwpitf; nfhz;L jq;fspd; egpkhh;fSila tuyhw;iwAk; Nghjdh KiwfisAk; Nrfhpj;jijg; NghyNt Ntjj;ijAk; Nrfhpj;J itj;jdh;. ,d;Dk; mt;Ntjq;fspy; egpkhh;fs; jdJ r%fj;jhUf;F jq;fspd; Raeph;za mwpitf; nfhz;L Nghjpj;j mg;Nghjdh KiwfSk;; vOj;J tbtpNyh my;yJ mh;j;jj;jpNyh ,ize;j epiyapy; ,wq;fpw;W. cjhuzkhf njsuhj;jpd; gj;J fl;lisfs;> ,d;[PypYs;s NgUiufs; Nghd;wtw;iw Fwpg;gplyhk;. mj;Jld; ,wf;fg;gLk; Ntjtrdnkhd;W xU egpAila Raeph;za mwpitf; nfhz;L ,izj;J Ngrg;gLk;NghJ mjpy; ,iwtDila kfj;Jtj;jpw;F khR VJk; ,y;iyNay; mij t`p vd;Nw Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gLk;. Mjhuk;: my;Gh;fhd; gNuyp> 1941 gf;fk; 282. NkYk; Fh;Md; K`k;kj; egpath;fSf;F gpd;dhy; E}YUtpy; Kiwg;gLj;jg;gl;L ghJfhf;fg;gl;L tpl;lJ. ,t;thNw mij Nfhh;it nra;jth;fsp;d mwptpg;Gk; KiwgLj;jg;gl;ld. Mdhy; `jP]p(egpnkhopap)y; t`Papd; %yk; ,wf;fg;gl;lit egpath;fspd; fhyj;jpy; E}YUtpy; Kiwg;gLj;jg;gltpy;iy. mj;Jld; mjDila thpirj; njhlUk; Njitahd xd;nwd fUjg;glTk; ,y;iy. mjdhy; ,g;NghJ Ke;ija Ntjq;fis Vw;f kWg;Nghiu rkhjhdk; nra;Ak; nghUl;L mitfis ,d;Ws;s `jP]{ila fpue;jq;fNshL xg;gpl;lhy; ,ij ehk; rhkhh;j;jpak; vd;W vz;zf; $lhJ. md;wp ek;Kila ,t;tpsf;fj;ij khh;f;f mwpQh;fs; Vw;Wf; nfhs;thh;fNsahapd; vy;yh tifahd re;Njfq;fSf;Fk; jPh;T fpilj;J tpLk;.

65

 ekJ egpnkhop fpue;jq;fspy; vNjr;irahf cz;ikay;yhj mwptpg;GfSk; cs;sd. ekJ egpnkhopf; fpue;jq;fspy; xNu rk;gtj;ij gy;NtW tpjkhfTk; mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ekJ gy;NtW egpnkhopf; fpue;jq;fspy; mij vOjNthh; %yk; gy jtWfs; epfo;eJ ; mitfis mt;tg;NghJ egpnkhop ty;Ydh;fs; rhp nra;J nfhz;LkpUf;fpd;wdh;. mjd;gpd; me;ehd;F Ke;ija Ntjq;fisAk; ekJ egpnkhop fpue;jkhd Gfhhp> K];ypk;> mG+jhT+j;> jph;kpjP> m`;kj;> ,g;Dkh[h Nghd;witfNshL ,izj;Jg; ghh;gN ; ghkhapd; ,uz;Lf;FkpilNa nfhQ;rk; $l NtWghL vd;gNj njhpahJ. -Mjhuk;: my;GHfhd; gNuyp> 1941 gf;fk; 282. mLj;J ekJ ck;k (r%f) j;jpy; ghpRj;j Ntjq;fSf;F cjhuzkhf \h`; typAy;yh`; mth;fs; Gfhhp> K];ypk; Nghd;w egpnkhopf; fpue;jq;fisf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh;. ehd; ,d;[Py; fpue;jj;jpd; tphpTiuia (kp];lh; n`d;wp ];fhl; vd;gtuhy; vOjg;gl;lJ) ch;J nkhopapy; gbj;Jg; ghh;j;jNghJ mjpy; ehd;F Ntjq;fspYk; fhzg;gLk; fUj;J NtWghLfis ,izg;gjw;Fk; mitfis xOq;Fg;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; chpa ghij fz;lwpag;gl;Ls;sJ. mjhtJ ehk; egpnkhopf; fpue;jq;fspy; ifahSk; Kiwiag; Nghy. Mjhuk;: my;Gh;fhd; gNuyp1941> gf;fk; 282. Mjyhy; Ke;ija Ntjq;fis ehk; ghp;Rj;jkhdit vd Vw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;F Nkw;fz;l re;Njfq;fs; jhd; fhuznkd;gij czUfpNwhk;. mNjNeuk; mf;fpue;jq;fspy; ,ilr; nrUfy;fSk; Eioe;J tpl;Ls;sd. ngUk;ghyhd ,lq;fspy; xNu rk;gtj;ij gy;NtW Nfhzj;jpy; tpghpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,d;Dk; mij vOjpath;fs; khw;wp jtwhf vOjpAs;sdh;. vdpDk; mt;tg;NghJ mjDila ty;Ydh;fs; mij rhpgLj;jpAk; te;Js;sdh;. mLj;J nksyhdh mth;fspd; Nkw;fz;l tpsf;fj;ijf; nfhz;L xd;W kl;Lk; ekf;F ed;F GydhfpwJ. mJ Ke;ija Ntjq;fis ghpRj;jkhdit vd Vw;Fk; tpraj;jpy; jLkhw;wk; Vw;gl;ljw;Fhpa fhuzk; vd;dntdpy; Ntjk; vd;wJNk ehk; mjid Fh;MNdhL xg;gplj; Jtq;fp tpLfpNwhk;. mjw;F khwhf mitfis egpnkhopf; fpue;jq;fNshL mtw;wpy; gyFiwghLfs; fhzg;gl;l NghjpYk; mtw;iw ehk; ghpRj;jkhdit vd xg;Gf; nfhs;tijg; Nghy Ke;ija Ntjq;fisAk; xg;Gf; nfhs;s jaf;fk; fhl;lf; $lhJ.

66

,d;Dk; Fwpg;ghf Fh;MdpYk; Ke;ija Ntjq;fis Fwpj;J vr;rhpf;fg;gLfpwJ. mj;Jld; ehk; ,ijAk; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;baJ mtrpakhFk;. mjhtJ egpnkhopiaf; Fwpj;J fzf;fw;w Ma;Tfs;> Muha;r;rpfs; elj;jg;gl;Lk; $l kpFjkhd re;Njfj;jpw;Fhpa egpnkhopfs; mjpy; ,Uf;fpd;wd vd;Dk; NghJ ,e;epiyapy; ehk; mitfis ghpRj;jkhd xd;nwd xg;Gf; nfhs;Sk;NghJ njsuhj;> [G+h;> ,d;[Py; Nghd;w Ntjf;fpue;jq;fs; gw;wpa tpraj;jpy; re;Njfk; ,Uf;Fk; epiyapy; mitfis ghpRj;jkhdit vd Vd; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sf; $lhJ.? ,e;j EZf;fk; ekf;Fg; Ghpe;j gpd; xUNtis Ntjq;fspy; $wg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaq;fNs mJ Ntjk;jhndd rhl;rp gfUkhapd;> ,t;thNw Fh;Midf; nfhz;Lk; mitfs; Ntjq;fs; jhndd;gJ cz;ikgLj;jg; gLkhapd; nksyhdh rpe;jP mth;fs; $Wtijg; Nghy me;j Ke;ija Ntjq;fis ghpRj;jkhdit vd Vw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy; ekf;F ve;jr; rpukKk; NeuhJ. xU Ntjk; ,d;ndhU Ntjj;jpd; xspapy; nghJthf xU Ntjj;jpYs;s ,iw trdq;fs; jhd; mJ Ntjk; vd;gjw;Fhpa MjhukhFk;. Fh;Mdpy; fhzg;gLk; tp\aq;fs; Fh;Mid cz;ikg;gLj;Jtjw;Fhpa kpfg; nghpa MjhukhFk;. thUq;fs;. Ntjq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; rpy tp\aq;fis Fh;MDila ntspr;rj;jpy; ,g;NghJ ghh;g;Nghk;. ,jpy; mj;jid Ntj ke;jpuq;fspYs;s mh;j;jj;ijAk; ehk; =fq;fh gpurhj; cghj;ahah mth;fspd; k]hgP`{y; ,];yhk; vd;Dk; E}ypypUe;J vLj;Js;Nshk; vd;gij gzpNthL njhptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwhk;. Ntjk; Fh;Md;

mfpyq;fsidj;jpd; ghpghyfdhfpa my;yh`;Tf;Nf Gfoidj;Jk;. ghj;jp`h 1 nfhLf;fpwtd; ,uf;fKilatd; fpUigAs;std; ,uf;fKs;std;-hpf;Ntjk; 1-34-3 ghj;jp`h 2 vq;fis vq;fSf;F gydspf;f vq;fis Neuhd ghijapy; ty;y Neuhd ghijapy; epiy elj;Jthahf.- ghj;jp`h 5 epWj;J. -a[{h; Ntjk; 16-40 ,g;G+Tyif cUthf;fpatDf;Fj;jhd; Gfoidj;Jk;. hpf; Ntjk; 1-81-5
67

mtd; kfj;Jtkpf;f thdq;fs; thdq;fs; G+kpapd; Ml;rp G+kpapd; mjpgjpahFk;.-hpf;Ntjk; 2- my;yh`;Tf;Nf chpaJ vd;gij 117-10 ePq;fs; mwpatpy;iyah? ,d;Dk; my;yh`;itad;wp cq;fSf;F cjt nra;gth; me;j <];th; ekf;F cjtp NtW ahUkpy;iy. gfuh 107 nra;al;Lk;. hpf;Ntjk; 1-100-1 ,d;Dk; mtd;jhd; midj;J t];j;Jf;fisAk; gilj;jhd;.gukhj;kh vy;yh gpui[fisAk; my;Gh;fhd; 2 cUthf;Ffpwhd;. mjh;tz Ntjk; 1-19-7. ,d;Dk; cq;fspd; Md;kh eyk; ngw nryT nra;Aq;fs;.- jqhGd; ,iwtd; xUtNd 16. mf;fpUigahsd;. jh;kk; nra;NthUf;F ,uzkspf;fpwhd;. md;wp ePq;fs; my;yh`;Tf;F hpf;Ntjk; 7-84-1. mofpa fld; nfhLj;jhy; mij gukhj;kh cz;Ztjpy;iy. mjpfkhf;Fthd;. jqhGd; 17. kw;wth;fs; cz;Ztjw;Fhpa Vw;ghl;il nra;fpwhd;. hpf;Ntjk; mtd; midtUf; Fk; cz;zj; 2-164-1. jUfpwhd;. ,d;Dk; mtd; cz; Z fpwtdy; y .-md; M k; 14. mg; guNk];tuDf;F ve;j mtidg; Nghd;W %h;j;jpAk; mikf;f KbahJ. xU t];JTkpy;iy. -\_wh 11 a[_h; Ntjk; 3-32 vy;yh jpirfSk; fpof;Fk; Nkw;Fk; mtDf;FhpaNj. hpf; Ntjk; 4-121- my;yh`;Tf;FhpaNj- gfuh 115. 10. cyfpd; gilg;ghsd; fpof;fpYk; ePq;fs; ve;jg; gf;fk; Nkw;fpYk; NkYk; fPOk; vd jpUk;gpdhYk; my;yh`;tpd; vy;yh ,lq;fspYk; ,Uf;fpwhd;. Kfk; (jw;nrh&gk;) ,Uf;fpwJ. hpf; Ntjk; 1-121-10 my;yh`; kpf tprhyKilatdhfTk; ,Uf;fpwhd;.,iwtdpd; ghh;it vy;yh mwpgtdhfTk; gfuh115 ,lq;fspYk; cs;sJ. ,iwtdpd; Kfk; vy;yh ,lq;fspYk; ,d; D k; ehd; mtdJ gplhp ,Uf;fpd;wJ. hpf;Ntjk; 3-81-10. euk;ig tpl kpfr; rkPgkhfNt ,Uf;fpNwd;. fh/g; 16. eP ekf;F mUfpy; ,d;Dk; ghJfhf;fg;gl;ltdhf ,Uf;fpwha;. hpf;Ntjk; 1-25-5.
68

,d;Dk; thdKk; G+kpAk; me;j ,iwtid tpahgpf;Fk; vy;iyia vl;l KbahJ. thdj;jpd; tl;lky;y. my;yJ thdj;jpypUe;J nghopAk; kioay;y. me;j ,iwtidj; jtpu NtW vJTk; me;j rpU\;bfh;j;jhtpd; kPJ rf;jp ngw KbahJ. hpf;Ntjk; 14-52-1. mtd; flypYs;s fg;gy;fis mwpfpwhd;. hpf; Ntjk; 7-25-1 midj;J caphpdq;fspd; kPJk; rf;jp ngw;Ws;s ,iwtd; jhd; ,uT gfypd; tof;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpdhd;. hpf;Ntjk; 2-190-10. X! guNk];tuh! eP ey;yth;fSf;F ey;y gyidj; jUfpwha;. ,J cdJ nrhe;jkhd gz;ghFk;. hpf;Ntjk; 6-1-1. kdpjd; rj;jpaj;jpd; ghijapy; gzpTs;stdhf nry;y Ntz;Lk;. hpf;Ntjk; 231-10. me;j <];th; ,e;j mfpykidj;ijAk; kpf ed;whf mwpe;jpUf;fpwhd;. hpf;Ntjk; 4187-10.

,d;Dk; mth;fs; mtdJ mwptpy; epd;Wk; ehbaijad;wp ve;j t];JitAk; mwpe;J nfhs;s khl;lhh;fs;. mtdJ Fh;]pahdJ thdq;fs; G+kpia tplTk; tp];jPuzkhfptpl;lJ. gfuh 255. ,d;Dk; mtd;jhd; kioiag; nghopar; nra;fpwhd;. Yf;khd; 34. vd;d? ePq;fs; ghh;f;ftpy;iyah? ,iwaUisf; nfhz;Nl fg;gy; flypy; nry;fpwJ. Yf;khd; 31. vd;d? my;yh`; ,uit gfypy; Eiof;fpwhd; vd;gij ePq;fs; ghh;f;ftpy;iyah? ,d;Dk; R+hpaidAk; re;jpuidAk; fl;Lg;gLj;jp itj;jpUf;fpwhd;. xt;nthd;Wk; mitfSf;F tiuaWf;fg;gl;l fhyk; tiu nrd;W nfhz;bUf;Fk;. ,d;Dk; my;yh`; cq;fspd; vy;yh fphpia gw;wpa nra;jpfisAk; mwpe;jpUf;fpwhd;. Yf;khd; 29. ,J ekJ mUl;nfhilahFk;. ahh; ed;wp nrYj;Jfpwhh;fNsh mth;fSf;F mijg; Nghd;w gpujpiaj; jUNthk;.- fkh; 35. jpldhf my;yh`; ngUikabg;NghiuAk;> Kf];Jjp nra;NthiuAk; tpUk;g khl;lhd;. ep]h 36. ,d;Dk; my;yh`; thdq;fs; G+kpfspYs;sij mwpfpwhd;. ,d;Dk; my;yh`; midj;J t];Jf;fisAk; mwpe;jpUf;fpwhd;. - `{[{uhj; 16.

vtd; epw;fpwhNdh> elf;fpwhNdh> vtd; Vkhw;WfpwhNdh vtd;

69

 mtd; cq;fspd; me;juq;f gfpuq;f epiyfis mwpe;jpUf;fpwhd;. ,d;Dk; ePq;fs; nra;tijAk; mtd; mwpe;jpUf;fpwhd;. md;Mk; 3. ,d;Dk; ePq;fs; vq;fpUg;gpDk; mtd; cq;fNshL ,Uf;fpwhd;. mtd; midj;J ,d;Dk; ePq;fs; nra;gitfis my;yh`; ghh;j;Jf; caphpdq;fisAk; nfhz; b Uf; f pwhd; . -`jP j ; 4. mwpe;jpUf;fpwhd;. hpf; Ntjk; 219-10 mtd; jd; mbahh;fis kpifj;jpUf;fpwhd;.- md;Mk; 18. NkYk; vit G+kpapYk;> thdj;jpYk; cs;sNjh ,d;Dk; mjw;F Nky; vit cs;sNjh ,d; Dk; mtd; G+kpf;Fs; mitfis <];th; ghh;j;Jf; GFtijAk; ,d;Dk; mjpypUe;J nfhz;bUf;fpwhd;. mjh;tz ntspg;gLtijAk; ,d;Dk; Ntjk; 5-16-4. thdj;jpypUe;J ,wq;FtijAk; ,d;Dk; mjpypUe;J NkNyWtijAk; mwpaf; mtd; NkNy gutpAs;s ew;nra;jp $batdhf ,Uf;fpwhd;. -`jPj; mwptpf;Fk; fhw;wpd; 4. ghiwfisAk; ,d;Dk; mtdJ MjutpYs;s midj;J ,d; D k; mtd; jdJ t];j;Jf;fisAk; u`;kj;ijf; nfhz;L fhw;iw mwpe;jpUf;fpwhd;. hpf;Ntjk; 9-25- ew;nra;jp mwptpf;ff; $bajhf 1. mDg;gpdhd;. Gh;fhd; 48. mtd; ,uitAk; gfiyAk; vg;gbg;gl;ltd; vdpy;> ,uitAk; ntspg;gLj;Jfpwhd;. hpf; Ntjk; 2- ,d;Dk; gfiyAk; xd;wd;gpd; 190-10. xd;whf tur; nra;jtd;. md;Mk; 96. ,d;Dk; me;j rpU\;b fh;j;jh R+hpaidAk;> re;jpuidAk; ,d;Dk; mtd; ,uit mikjp Ke;ija gilg;Gf;fisg; Nghd;W ngWtjw;fhfTk; ,d;Dk; R+hpa mikj;jhd;. hpf; Ntjk; 3-190-10 re;jpuid fzf;fpLtjw;fhfTk; ntspahf;fpdhd;. -md;Mk; 96. xspe;J tpLfpwhNdh> vtd; kw;wtDf;F Jd;gk; jUfpwhNdh> ve;j ,Uth; kiwe;jpUe;J NgRfpwhh;fNsh %d;whtjhd <];th; ,itaidj;ijAk; mwpfpwhd;. mjh;tz Ntjk; 2-164. tzq;fj; jFjpahd G+kp ,d;Dk; thdq;fis cz;ikahd ghijapy; elj;jpr; nry;Yk; guNk];thplk; iffis NkNyw;wp c\hh;! mtDf;Fj;jhd; rpU\;bg;gJk; fl;lisapLtJk;
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mfpyj;jhUf;F hpf; cs;sd. ul;rfdhfpa my;yh`; Kghuf;fhfp tpl;lhd;. cq;fspd; jho;ikahfTk; flTs; cz;ikapy; kfh ul;rfid ufrpakhfTk; ePq;fs; nghpatd;. mjh;tz Ntjk; 3-58- gpuhh;j;jpAq;fs;. jpldhf mtd; 20. (vy;iy) flg;Nghiu Nerpf;f khl;lhd;. m/uh/g; 54>55. flTspd; rl;lq;fs; khwhJ. hpf;Ntjk; 10-24-1. (my;yh`;) midtiuAk; tpl nghpatDk; kfj;JtKs;s flTspd; rl;lq;fis vtuhYk; tDkhFk;. u/j; 9. khw;w KbahJ. mjh;tz Ntjk; 5-1-18. my;yh`;tpd; thf;F khwhJ. A+D}]; 64. V! flTNs! G+kp kw;Wk; thdq;fs; ,d;Dk; my;yh`;Tila cdJ kfj;Jtj;jhy; rl;lq;fspy; ePq;fs; ve;j eLq;Ffpd;wd. V! flTNs! eP khw;wj;ijAk; fhz khl;Bh;fs;. cdJ Nfhgj;jhy; jPath;fis /gj;`{ 23. jz;bf;fpwha;. ,d;Dk; ey;yij nra;NthUf;fhf kfj;Jtkpf;f Md;kPf gbj;juq;fis rpj;jg;gLj;jp itj;jpUf;fpwha;. ,d;D k; thdq;fspYk; G+kpapYk; hpf;Ntjk; 11-80-1. vd;ndd;d cs;sNjh mitaidj;Jk; my;yh`;Tf;F V!guNk];tuh! ePNa chpait fshFk;. vdNt ahh; nray; Ghpfpwhh;fNsh midj;Jf;Fk; Kd;dtd;. ,d;Dk; jPa mth; f Sf; F jP a Nj fpilf;Fk;. midtiuAk; tpl mjpfkhf ahh; ew; nray; mwpe;jpUf;fpwha;.-hpf; Ntjk; 2-31-1. ,d;Dk; Ghpfpwhh;fNsh mth;fSf;F ey;yNj fpilf;Fk;.- e[;k; 31. gpuhh;j;jid nra;Aq;fs;. Ntjk; 46-16-6 flTs; rj;jpaj;ijAk; mrj;jpaj;ijAk; Ghpe;J nfhs;s rj;jpaj;ijAk; mrj;jpaj;ijAk; gphpj;J tpl;lhh;. ,d;Dk; [dq;fNs! rj;jpaj;ij tpRthrpAq;fs;. mrj;jpaj;ij tpRthrpf;fhjPhf ; s; vd;Wk; fl;lisapl;lhh;. a[_h; Ntjk; 7719. mtNd Kd;dtd;. mtNd gpd;dtd;. ,d;Dk; mtNd ntspaPlhdtd;. mtNd cs;sPlhdtd;. ,d;Dk; mtd; vy;yh t];Jf;fisAk; njhpe;jpUf;fpwhd;. - `jPj; 3

mwptw;wth;fs; Ntjq;fis jpldhf Neh;top topNfl;bypUe;J ghh;j;Jk; mth;fs; ghh;g;gjpy;iy. ntspahfp tpl;lJ. MfNt ahh; igrhrq;fSf;F khW nra;J
71

,d;Dk; Nfl;Lk; mth;fs; my;yh`;itf; nfhz;L <khd; mth; jpldhf Nfl;gjpy;iy. hpf;Ntjk; 4-71-10. nfhs;fpwhNuh nfl;bahd fapw;iw gpbj;Jf; nfhz;lhh;. gfuh 256. V!kiwtw;wtNd! Mw;wy;kpF ,d; Dk; Ntjtrdq;fis XJk; flTNs! eP vj;jid mwpitf; nfhz;L nray;gl kjpg;Gf;Fhpatd; vdpy; ehd; cd;id ve;j tpiyf;Fk; khl;Bh;fsh? gfuh 44. tplj;jahuhf ,y;iy. ,d; D k; vdJ trdq; f is mw; g Mapuq;fSf;fhfNth my;yJ tpiyf; F tpw; f hjP h ; f s; . ,d; D k; ,t;Tyfpd; mstw;w nghUl;fSf;fhfNth my;y. hpf; vd;idNa mQ;Rq;fs;. gfuh 41. Ntjk; 5-1-8. ePNa fhhpakhw;W. ePNa mjd; Rikia J}f;fpf; nfhz;Ls;s gyidAk; mDgtp. - a[_h; ,td; ,d;ndhUthpd; Rikia Rkf;f khl;lhd;. e[;k; 38. Ntjk; 15-23. V! kfj;jhd Mw;wy; nfhz;l ghpghyfNd! ehq;fs; vq;fspd; mwpahikapdhNyNa top nfLfpNwhk;. vq;fs; kPJ fpUig nra;. hpf; Ntjk; 3-89-7 vtd; jdJ tUkhdj;ij jhNd jpz;ZfpwhNdh mtd; ghtj;ij jpz;Zfpwhd;. hpf;Ntjk; 6-117-10. jpldhf my;yh`; ve;j t];Jtpd; kPJk; mepahak; nra;tjpy;iy. vdpDk; kdpjh;fs; jq;fspd; Md;khTf;F jhq;fNs mepahak; nra;J nfhs;fpwhh;fs;.- A+D}]; 44 ePq;fs; Nerpf;Fk; xd;iw mtd; ghijapy; nryT nra;ahjtiu ePq;fs; ed;ikia mila khl;Bh;fs;. My ,k;uhd; 92. mth;fs; ,d;gj;jpYk; Jd;gj;jpYk; nryT nra;thh;fs;. ,d;Dk; Nfhgj;ij jLj;Jf; nfhs;thh;fs;. ,d;Dk; [dq;fis kd;dpj;J tpLthh;fs;. NkYk; my;yh`; cgfhhpfis Nerpg;ghd;. My ,k;uhd; 133. ahh; mdhijfis Jd;GWj;J fpwhNuh ,d;Dk; NjitAil NahUf;F cztspf;fj; jaq;FfpwhNuh mj;jifa

ahh; twpath;fSf;Fk; NjitAilNahUf;Fk; cjTtjw;fhf jh;kk; nra;fpwhNuh mth; nfhilahsp. mtUf;F ed;ik fpilf;Fk;. mtuJ tpNuhjp $l mthpd; ez;gdhfp tpLfpwhd;. -3-117-10

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kl;Lk; jpd;W nfhz;bUf;fpwhNdh njhOifahspfSf;F NfLjhd;. mtDf;F Jd;gj;ijad;wp Rfk; khT+d; 2> 3> 4. vd;gJ mtdJ tpjpapy; ,y;iy. Fwpg;G: =fq;fh gpurhj; cghj;ahah mth;fSila mh;j;jj;jpy; rpw;rpy ,lq;fspy; ekf;F fUj;J NtWghL cs;sJ. vdpDk; ,q;Nf ehk; mtUila mh;j;jj;ij mg;gbNa je;Js;Nshk;. ,d;Dk; ghprPyid nra;f tUlf; fzf;fpy; fhzhky; NghapUe;j cq;fspd; rNfhjud; xUNtis jpBnud fpilj;Jtpl;lhy;> vd;d? G+kpapd; Row;rpAila khw;wj;jpd; fhuzkhf mtid fz;L nfhs;tjw;Nfh my;yJ mtid fl;bg;gpbf;fNth kWj;J tpLtPh;fsh? ,d;Dk; mtDila Kfj;jpy; rpWtaJila milahsj;ij fz;L nfhs;Sk; mstpw;F ,Ue;jhYkh? ,Ug;gpDk; Kjypy; mtDila Njhw;wk; kw;Wk; cUtj;ij itj;J mtid fz;L nfhs;tjpy; cq;fSf;F rw;W jaf;fk; Vw;glyhk;. mjd; gpd; mtDila fle;j fhyj;ij tprhhpg;gjd; %yk; mtd; ahh; vd;gij njhpe;J nfhz;L mtid mg;gbNa thhpaizj;Jf; nfhs;tPh;fsh ,y;iyah? mj;Jld; Kd;idtpl ,g;NghJ ,d;Dk; mjpfkhd ghrk; mtd; kPJ cq;fSila kdjpy; Vw;gLkh ,y;iyah? xUNtis mtd; cq;fis Ghpe;J nfhs;shky; Nghdhy; ePq;fs; jdpahfg; Ngha; mtDf;F cq;fis Ghpaitf;f Kay;tPh;fsh ,y;iyah? mg;gbahdhy; ,g;NghJ thUq;fs;. cUtj; Njhw;wq;fspd; xg;Gtikiag; ghh;j;j gpd; fle;jfhy fhzhky; Nghd rNfhjudpd; milahsq;fis ftdkhf ghh;gg ; NjhL mtidg; ghh;j;J rpy Nfs;tpfisAk; NfSq;fs;.

Nkw;fz;l Ntjke;jpuq;fs; hpf; Ntjj;jpy; fhzg;gLgitfshFk;. (191-1 ypUe;J 19-1-9 tiu) cs;s ,k;ke;jpuq;fis nfhQ;rk; ftdkhf ghUq;fs;. xt;nthU ke;jpuj;jpd; ,WjpapYk; xU thh;j;ij (mh;j;jkhdJ> mf;dpiag; gw;wpa ufrpaj;jpd; tpsf;fk; ghiytdf; $l;lj;jhhp(K];ypk;fsp)lkpUe;J jhd; fpilf;Fk;) vdj; jpUk;g jpUk;g Ngrg;gLfpwJ. ,J Fh;MdpYs;s R+wh u`;khidg; Nghy;
73

,y;iy? ,e;j R+whtpy; jpUk;gj; jpUk;g /ggpma;ap Myhap ug;gpFkh Jfj;jpghd; (mh;j;jkhdJ gpd;dh; cq;fSila ul;rfdpd; ve;nje;j trdq;fis ngha;ahf;FtPh;fs;?) vd;gJ Kg;gj;NjhW ,lq;fspy; tUfpwJ. NkYk; ,J vNjr;irahdJ my;y. ,NjKiw hpf; Ntjj;jpyd; Kjy; kz;lyj;jpYs;s gjpndl;lhtJ RNyhfj;jpYk; fhzg;gLfpwJ. mjhtJ (mh;j;jkhdJ ngUk; Vw;ghl;Lld; ,d;Dk; fz;zpaj;NjhL ehk; midj;J jpirfisf; nfhz;Lk; GfOfpNwhk;.) vd;gij jpUk;gj; jpUk;g Ie;JKiw Ngrg;gl;Ls;sJ. tphptQ;rp ,q;Nf rpytw;iw kl;Lk; Fwpg;gpLfpNwhk;. ]hk Ntjj;jpy; %d;W RNyhfj;jpd; ,Wjpapy; (tpNuhjpahy; ,Of;fg;gl;l tpy; cile;J Nghfl;Lk;) vd;Wk; hpf;Ntjj;jpy; jpUk;gj; jpUk;g (V! Rth;f;fG+kpNa! vdJ Jd;gj;ijj; jpUk;gpg; ghh;) vd;gJ gjp%d;W KiwAk; hpf; Ntjk; 12110y; (ehq;fs; ve;j flTSf;F gyp nfhLg;Nghk;.) vd;gJ xd;gJ KiwAk;> a[_h; Ntjj;jpd; 21tJ mj;jpahak; Kjy; ghfj;jpd; 48ypUe;J 55 tJ ke;jpuk; tiu xt;nthU ke;jpuj;jpd; ,WjpapYk; ,t;thW tUfpwJ. K];ypk; Ntjkhd Fh;MdpYk; ,k;khjphpahd trdq;fs; R+wh u`;khdpy; kl;Lky;y. R+wh Kh;]yhj;> R+wh fkh;> R+wh \{muh Nghd;witfspYk; fhzyhk;. ,d;Dk; ,JNghd;w gy cjhuzq;fs; Ntjq;fspYk; Fh;MdpYk; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,d;Dk; Ntjq;fspy;; Vfj;Jtk;> J}Jj;Jtk; kw;Wk; ,Wjpehs; gw;wpa tpraq;fis jdpj;jdp jiyg;Gf;fspy; mLj;JtUk; mj;jpahaq;fspy; NgRNthk;. NkYk; vj;jid J}uk; Ke;jpa ghpRj;j Ntjq;fis xg;G Nehf;Ffpd;w epiyAs;sNjh mjpy; mg;uhdp nkhopiaj; njhpahj fhuzj;jhy; ehk; Ke;ija njsuhj;> [g+h;> ,d;[Py; Nghd;w Ntjq;fspd; Mq;fpy nkhopngah;g;Gfisj; jhd; gbf;Fk; tha;g;ig ngw;Nwhk;. mtw;iw nkhopahf;fk; nra;Njhh; jq;fspd; vz;zq;fisAk;> ek;gpf;iffisAk; xUNtis mjpy; ,izj;jpUf;fyhk;. Mdhy; mNj Neuk; Ntjq;fspy; ngUk;ghd;ikahditfis ehk; mitfspd; m]y; nkhopahd rk];fpUjj;jpNyNa gbj;Jg; ghh;j;J mitfis Ghpe;J nfhs;sTk; Kad;Ws;Nshk;. mj;Jld; mt;nty;yh Ntjq;fisAk; Fh;MNdhL curpAk; ghh;j;Js;Nshk;. Mjyhy; ehk; ,iwtid Kd;dpWj;jp kpFe;j ,iwtpRthrj;NjhL $WfpNwhk;. ,e;j Ntjq;fs; jq;fspd; mry; nkhopapd; %yk; Ntjq;fs;jhd; vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;JtNjhL jw;NghJ fhzg;gLk; Ntjq;fs; Mq;fpy nkhopahf;fk; nra;ag;gl;l
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njsuhj;> [G+h;> ,d;[Py; Nghd;w Ntjq;fSf;fpilNa ve;j tpj;jpahrKk; ,Ug;gjhfj; njhpatpy;iy. ,J Fh;MDila ntspr;rj;jpy; me;j Ntjq;fs; kw;Wk; iggpis xg;G Nehf;fp curpg; ghh;j;j Xh; tp\akhFk;. ,Ug;gpDk; cz;ikahd ,Wjpepiy nfhz;L curpg; ghh;f;Fk; Mjhunkhd;W ,d;Dk; kPjKs;sJ. mJ Fh;Md; Ntjq;fisf; Fwpj;J vd;d $WfpwJ vd;gjhk;. mijAk; ,g;NghJ ghh;j;J tpLNthk;. ,Jgw;wp Fh;Mdpy;.. ,d;Dk; xt;nthU $l;lj;jhUf;Fk; xU jpUj;J}jh; ,Ue;jhh; vd ,iwtd; $Wtjhf Fh;Md; ekf;Ff; $WfpwJ. ,Wjp rhl;rp Fh;Mdpy; ve;nje;j ghpRj;j Ntjq;fisg; gw;wp $wg;gl;Ls;sNjh mitfspy; njsuhj;> [G+h;> ,d;[Py; kl;LNk mwpag;gLfpd;wd. =fq;fh gpurhj; cghj;ahah jkJ E}ypy; ,ij fz;bf;Fk; tz;zk; Mjk; egpf;Fg; gpd; K];ypk; Ntjkhd Fh;Mdpy; Fwpg;ghf ehd;F Ntjhe;jpfisg; gw;wp fhzg;gLfpwJ. mth;fs; %]h egp> <]h egp> jhT+j; egp> K`k;kj; egp MfpNahh;fshFk;. mth;fNshL ehd;F Ntjq;fSk; njhlh;G gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. mit %]h egpNahL njsuhj;Jk;> <]h egpNahL ,d;[PYk;> jhT+j; egpNahL [G+Uk;> K`k;kj; egpNahL Fh;MDk; ,izj;Jg; Ngrg;gLfpd;wd. ,jpy; Mjk; egpia Ntjhe;jp vd;Nwh my;yJ mth;fNshL xU NtjNkh njhlh;Gg; gLj;jg;gLk; xU trdk; $l Fh;Mdpy; vq;FNk fhzg;gltpy;iy. ,e;epiyapy; Mjk; egpapypUe;J %]h egp tiu xU ePz;l fhyk; fle;J NghAs;sJ. mjpy; kdpj tuyhw;wpy; vj;jidNah Vw;w ,wf;fq;fSk; epfo;eJ ; s;sd. khw;wq;fSk; te;Js;sd. vj;jidNah Ml;rpfs; Njhd;wp mitfs; kiwe;Jk; NghAs;sd. ,t;tpilg;gl;l fhyj;jpy; xU Ntjf;fhuh; $l Njhd;wtpy;iyah vd;d? -E}y;: k]hgP`{y; ,];yhk; gf;fk; 43. ,jw;F ePq;fs; Fh;Md; vd;gJ Neh;topf;Fhpa xU NtjNkad;wp jpUj;J}jh;fspd; ngah;gl;baiyNah my;yJ Ntjq;fspd; ngah;fisNah njhFj;Jj; jUfpd;w vd;irf;Nsh gPbah my;y vd;gjhf gjpy; $wyhk;. ,Ug;gpDk; =fq;fh gpurhj; cghj;ahah mth;fspd; Ml;Nrgiziaf; nfhz;L xU Nfs;tp vOfpwJ vd;dNth cz;ikjhd;. mjhtJ ve;nje;j Ntjhe;jpfshd ,iwj;J}jh;fisg; gw;wp Fwpg;gpl;L Fh;Md; jpUk;gj;jpUk;g E}`; egp> ,g;wh`pk; egp> %]h egp> <]h egp> K`k;kj; egp vd;W NgRfpd;wNjh me;j Fh;Md;
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E}~`; egpapd; Ntjj;ijj; jtpu kw;w J}jh;fspd; Ntjq;fisnay;yhk; NgRfpwJ. vJtiunadpy;> jhT+j; egpapd; Ntjj;ij nrhd;d Fh;Md; E}`; egp nfhz;L te;j Ntjj;jpd;; ngaiu kl;Lk; Vd; nrhy;y tpy;iy.? my;yJ ,f;Nfs;tp ,q;Nf ,d;ndhU Nfhzj;jpYk; tpdtg;glyhk;. mjhtJ> ve;nje;j nghpa $l;lq;fisg; gw;wp Fh;Md; K/kpd;> <]haP> a`{jp> ]hapgPd; vd ,izj;Jg; NgRfpwNjh mjpy; Fhj;Md; Kjypy; %d;W $l;lj;jhhplk; ,wf;fg;gl;l Ntjq;fspd; ngah;fis nrhy;ypj; je;jijg; Nghy ]hapgPd;fsplk; E}`; egpapd; ve;j Ntjk; te;jJ vd;gij kl;Lk; Vd; nrhy;ytpy;iy? mj;Jld; ]hapgPd;fis Fh;Md; Ntjf;fhuh;fnsd;W Fwpg;gpLtijf; ftdpj;jhy; ,f;Nfs;tpapd; gyk; ,d;Dk; mjpfkhfptpLfpwJ. gpd;Dk; mt;Ntjf;fhuh;fs; khw;wk; ngw;W ,];yhj;ijAk; mq;fPfhpg;ghh;fnsd Kd;dwptpg;G NtW fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,Jkl;Lky;y. `jP]; vd;Dk; egpnkhopapy; khw;wk; ngwg;NghFk; me;j $l;lk; Mr;rhpakhd $l;lk; vd;Wk; Kjypy; Fh;Mid tpRthrpf;f khl;lhh;fs; vd;Wk; mjw;F khwhf Jz;bf;fg;gl;L Nghd jq;fspd; Ntjj;jpd; gf;fkhfj;jhd; Kjypy; jpUk;Gthh;fs; vd;Wk; mt;Ntjj;jpy; Fh;MdpYs;s Nghjidfs; jq;fSila Ntjj;ij cz;ikahf;fp itg;gij ghh;j;J mjd; gpd;dNu mth;fs; ek;gpf;if nfhs;thh;fs; vd;Wk; $wg;gLtij ehk; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. - E}y;: kp\;fhj;> Mrphpah;: mk;Ugpd; \{Ig;> ghlk; ck;kj;jpd; ed;ikfs;. Mjpfpue;j; vd;Dk; ngaiuj; NjLf K];ypk; Ntjkhd Fh;Mdpy; itjPf jh;kk; Fwpj;j Ntjq;fisg; gw;wp vq;Nf nrhy;yg;gl;bUf;fpwJ vd;gij Kjypy; ehk;;Njl Ntz;Lk;. mt;thW NjLk;NghJ gpe;jpa Ntjq;fshd njsuhj;> [G+h;> ,d;[Py;> ]{`{/ng ,g;wh`pk; Nghd;w Ntjq;fspd; ngah;fs; kl;Lkpd;wp ]{`{/Ng Cyh> [{GUy; mt;tyPd; vd;Dk; ,Ungah;fSk; ekf;Ff; fpilf;fpd;wd. ,jDila mh;j;jkhdJ Ke;ija Ntjr; Rtb Ke;ija rpjwpg; Nghd thpfs; vd;gjhFk;;. ,t;tpU gjq;fspd; rk];fpUj thh;j;ij Mjpfpue;j;kw;Wk; Mjp fahd; vd;gjhFk;. gpd;Dk; ,e;Jf;fs; jkJ Ntjq;fis Fwpj;J ,it Mjpfpue;j; kw;Wk; Mjpfahd; vdTk; thjpf;fpd;wdh;. vd;d? Fh;Md; vij ]{`{/ng Cyh> [{GUy; mt;tyPd; vd;W nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUf;fpwNjh mijj;jhd; ,e;Jf;fs; Mjpfpue;j; vd;gjhf xUNtis $Wfpwhh;fNsh vd;gjhf ePq;fs; vg;NghjhtJ Nahrpj;Jg; ghh;j;jJ cz;lh?
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,q;Nf ,d;ndhd;iwAk; ePq;fs; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mJ Ntj; vd;Dk; ngahpy; ve;jf; fpue;jj;ijahtJ Fh;Mdpy; ePq;fs; NjLtPh;fNsahapd; mg;gbnahU ngahpy; ve;j NtjKk; cq;fSf;F xU NghJk; fpilf;fhJ. mj;Jld; ,d;W jhT+j; egpf;F ,wf;fg;gl;l Ntjj;jpw;F ]hk;(PSALM) vd;Wjhd; ngah; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. Mk; ]hk; vd;Dk; ngahpy; jhT+j;egpf;F ,wf;fg;gl;l Ntjj;ij Fh;Mdpy; Njbdhy; mJ mwNt fpilf;fhJ. fhuzk; Fh;Md; mt;Ntjj;ij [G+h; vd;Dk; ngahpy; Ngrpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. ,JNghd;Wjhd; ,d;W ve;j fpwp];JtUk; jk;ik e]huh vd;W nrhy;tjpy;iy. mNjNeuk; Fh;Md;> ahh; jk;ik fpwp];Jth; vd;W nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;fNsh mth;fisj;jhd; e]huh vd;W $Wfpwnjd;gij ehk; Ghpe;J nfhz;bUg;gijg; Nghy ,ijAk; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ehk; vg;gb kwe;J NghNdhk;? ahh; jq;fis e]huh vd;W nrhy;ypf; nfhs;stpy;iyNah mth;fs;jhd; e]huh vd;gij ehk; njhpe;J itj;jpUf;fpNwhk;. ,NjNghys ahh; jk;Kila Ntjj;ij [G+h; vd;W nrhy;ytpy;iyNah me;j Ntjk;jhd; ,d;W ]hk; vd;Dk; ngahpy; cytpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ vd;gijAk; ehk; njhpe;J itj;jpUf;fpNwhk;. mNjNeuk; ,q;Nf Mapuf;fzf;fhd tUlq;fshf xU kpfg;ngUk; $l;lk; Fh;Md; ,wf;fg;gLtjw;F Kd;gpUe;Nj vq;fsplk; ]{/ng Cyh vd;Dk; Ntjk; ,Uf;fpwnjd thjpj;J tUfpwNjh> mj;Jld; jdJ ghi\apy; mt;Ntjj;jpd; ngaiu Fh;Md; $Wfpw mNj n gaiuf; nfhz;L nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUf;fpwNjh> mj;Jld; Mapuf;fzf;fhd tUlq;fshf mf;$l;lj;jhNuhL ehk; fye;J tho;e;J te;Jk; $l me;j Ntjq;fis ghh;f;fhky;> mjd; gf;fkhf ekJ ftdj;ij nrYj;jhky;> mijf; Fwpj;J ve;j Ma;TNk nra;ahky; ]{/Ng Cyh vd;w ngahpy; [{UGy; mt;tyPd; vd;Dk; ngahpy; ,d;W xU NtjNk ,t;Tyfpy; ,y;iynad vg;gbr; nrhy;y KbAk;? ,d;Dk; Nkw;fz;l mg;ngahpy; ,t;TyfpYs;s ve;jf; $l;lkhtJ vq;fsplKk; mg;ngahpy; Ntjnkhd;W cs;snjd thjpf;fpwjh? vd;gij Nehf;fpdhy; ,e;jpahtpYs;s ,e;Jr; r%fj;ijj; jtpu NtW ve;jf; $l;lKk; ,t;thW thjpf;ftpy;iy vd;gijAk; ehk; ghh;f;fpNwhk;. ,e;epiyapy; ,iwtd; ek;ik kd;dpf;f Ntz;Lk;. xUNtis khwg; Nghfpw mr;r%fj;jhuJ khw;wj;jpw;Fhpa mf;fhyfl;lk; neUq;fp tUk;NghJ ,e;j ufrpaj;ij mtd; ntspg;gLj;jyhnkd vz;zpapUf;fpwhNdh vd;dNth? mjdhy;jhd; me;j ]{/ng Cyh> my;yJ [{UGy; mt;tyPd; vd;Dk; mt;Ntjk; ve;j egpapd; thapyhf ,g;G+kpf;F ,wf;fg;gl;lJ vd;gij nrhy;yhky; tpl;Ltpl;lhNdh!
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MapDk; ekJ kwjpia ehk; Fw;wk; my;y v d thjpf;f KbahJ. fhuzk; Fh;Md; ,ij kpfTk; njspthfg; NgRfpwJ. mj;Jld; ,ij Fh;Md; ,wq;fpaNghJ tho;e;jpUe;j muGkf;fSk; njspthfj; njhpe;jpUe;jdh;. mJNghf Fh;Mdpy; ePq;fs; mjw;Fhpa Fwpg;ghd rk;gtq;fis NjbapUe;jhy;; $l xUNtis fpilj;jpUf;fyhk;. ,g;gb njspthff; fhl;bj; jug;gl;l xd;iw Mapuj;J ehD}W tUlq;fSf;F Kd;dNu tho;e;j mugpfs; nghJthdnjhU Fwpg;igf; nfhz;L fhl;bj; je;Jk; $l Mapuk; Mz;Lfshf mr;r%f kf;fNshL ,ize;J tho;e;J n fhz;bUf;Fk; ehk;jhNd Fh;Mdpy; mijj; NjbapUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mJ ekJ flikAky;yth! Ke;ija Ntjk; ,Uf;fpwJ! Ke;ija Ntjk; ,d;Wk; cyfpYs;sJ. mijg; gw;wpa Fh;Mdpd; trdnkhd;iwg; ghUq;fs;. ,d;Dk; jkJ ul;rfdplkpUe;Js;s mj;jhl;rpia nfhz;L mth; ek;kplk; tuNtz;LNknad;W mth;fs; $Wfpd;wdh;. Ke;ija Ntjq;fSila mj;jhl;rp mth;fsplk; tutpy;iyah? - my;Fh;Md; R+wh jh`h> trdk; 133. ,e;j trdk; Ke;ija Ntjkhd Mjpfpue;j; kiwe;J Ngha;tpltpy;iy. mJ ,d;Dk; cyfpYs;sJ vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;JtNjhL ,ij Fh;Md; ekf;F xU gykhd MjhukhfTk;> mw;GjkhfTk; vLj;Jf; fhl;LfpwJ. gpd;Dk; Mapuf;fzf;fhd Mz;Lfs; cUz;Nlhba gpd;Gk; $l Ke;ija Ntjj;jpy; Fh;Md; njhFj;Jg; NgRfpw mg;Nghjidfs; ,d;Wk; mr;Rkhwhky; mg;gbNa cs;sJ. Mjyhy; Ke;ija Ntjq;fs; ,d;Wk; ,g;G+kpapy; ,Uf;fpwnjd;gjw;F vd;d Mjhuk; vdf; Nfl;Nghhpd; thia ,iwtNd milf;fpwhd;. NkYk; Fh;Mdpy; Mjhuk; Nfl;fpwPh;fsh? ,iwthf;Ff;F U[{it vjph;ghh;f;fpwPh;fsh vd;d? Ke;ija Ntjkhd Mjpfpue;jj;ij vLj;Jg; ghUq;fs;. ehk; NjLk; Mjhuq;fs;> U[{ Nghd;w mw;Gjq;fnsy;yhk; cq;fs; Kd;dhy; te;JtpLk; vd;fpwhd;. NkYk; ,t;trdk; ekf;Fg; Ghpaitf;Fk; xUtp\ak; ahnjdpy;> Ke;ija Ntjq;fspy; vj;jid Nghjidfs; ,Ue;jNjh> vj;jid tp\aq;fs; ,Ue;jNjh mitaidj;Jk; gpope;njLf;fg;gl;l mj;jhpd; cUtj;jpy; vy;yh Ntjq;fSf;FKhpa njhFg;ghf cs;s Fh;Md; ek;kplk; te;J tpl;lJ. ,d;Dk; ,e;j ck;kp egpAk; $l ,iwtDila jug;gpypUe;J ekf;F Xh; mw;GjkhFk;. Mk;. ,JTk; ,e;j trdj;jpy; Fwpg;gpl;Lf; fhl;lg;gLk; xU tp\akhFk;. ,q;NfAk;
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mNj miw$tiy ePq;fs; czutpy;iyah? vJtiu Ke;ija Ntjq;fs; midj;jpYk; vd;d ,Ue;jnjd;gij ePq;fs; njhpe;J nfhs;stpy;iyNah mJtiu ,Njhh; mw;Gjk; jhd; vd;gij vt;thW cq;fshy; cWjpg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s KbAk;? mj;Jld; Fh;Md; vy;yh Ntjq;fSila tp\aq;fisAk; jdf;Fs; Nrfhpj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;sJ vd;gij vg;gb cq;fshy; Mjhug;gLj;j KbAk;? ,Jjhd; Ke;ija Ntjq;fspd; m]y; Nghjidfis ehk; NjlNtz;Lnkd Fh;Md; ekf;Fg; gpwg;gpf;Fk; fl;lisahFk;. mf;fl;lisia nfhz;L Ke;ija Ntjq;fs; ,d;Wk; G+kpapy; ,Uf;fpd;wd vd;gij ,t;trdk; ekf;F cWjpg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ. Ntjk;jhd; ]{`{/ng Cyh ]{`{/ng Cyh vd;gJ xU nghJg; ngauhFk;. fhuzk; ,J jdf;Fs; xU nghJepiyiaAk;> mNjNeuk; xU Fwpg;ghdNjhh; epiyiaAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ. mj;Jld; ,t;thf;fpaj;jpw;F vy;yh Ke;ija Ntjq;fSk; vd;Wk; nghUs; nfhs;syhk;. mJNghyNt Kjd;Kjy; ,wf;fg;gl;l Ntjk; vd;Wk; nghUs; nfhs;syhk;. ,jpy; Fh;Md; Fwpg;ghf ngaiur; nrhy;yp ve;nje;j Ntjq;fis NgRfpwNjh mit> ]{`{/ng ,g;wh`pk;> jt;uhj;. [G+h;> ,d;[Py; MfpaitahFk;. ,e;j Ntjq;fsidj;ijAk; mugpah; njhpe;J itj;jpUe;jdh;. Mdhy; E}`; egpath;fspd; fhyj;jpy; epfo;ej ; [yg;gpusa rk;gtk;> mth;fSila r%fj;jhuJ epiyikfs; kw;Wk; mth;fspd; Ntjj;ijg; gw;wp Fh;Mid Kjd;Kjyhf thrpj;jNghJ mugpah; mijg; gw;wp njhpe;jpUf;ftpy;iy. mJgw;wp ,iwtNd Fh;Mdpy; R+wh `_j; vd;Dk; mj;jpahaj;jpy; tpghpj;Jtpl;L mjd;gpd; $Wfpwhd; ,k;kiwthd nra;jpfis ehk; ckf;F t`papd; %yk; mwptpf;fpNwhk;. mitfis ePh; njhpe;J nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy. my;yJ ckJ r%fj;jhd; mjw;FKd; njhpe;jpUf;ftpy;iy. -my;Fh;Md; R+wh `_j; trdk; 39 Mjyhy; Fh;Md; jdf;Nf chpaNjhh; ghzpapy; ve;j egpAila Ntjj;ijg; gw;wp mg;NghjpUe;j Fh;Mdpd; thrpg;ghsh;fs; Ghpe;jpUe;jhh;fNsh mth;fSf;F Fh;Md; mt;Ntjq;fspd; ngah;fis mth;fs; NgRk; nkhopapNyNa vspjhf tpsq;Fk; tz;zk; nrhy;ypj; je;jJ. ,jpy; mth;fs; Ke;jpa Ntjj;ijAk; tpl;Litf;ftpy;iy. mjw;fhf mth;fs; xU nghJg; ngaiuf; nfhz;L gy mh;j;jq;fisg; nghjpe;Js;s xU gjj;ijg; gad;gLj;jpdh;. ,J ,iwtDf;Fhpa Xh; jdpj;jd;ikahFk;. ]{`{/ng Cyh> [{GUy; mt;tyPd ; vd;Dk; thf;fpak; ve;j Ntjj;ij Fwpf;fpwJ vd;gij tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ
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mth;fSf;F vspjhf ,Ue;jJ. fhuzk; mg;gjj;ij mth;fs; njhpe;J itj;jpUe;j vy;yh Ntjq;fSf;Fk; gad;gLj;jpdh;. ,g;NghJ mNj gjj;ij =fq;fh gpurhj; mth;fSf;Fk; ehk; nrhy;ypf; nfhLj;Jtpl;Nlhk;;. mjhtJ Fh;Mdpy; cq;fSila Ntjj;ijg; gw;wp $wg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gNj. Mk;. mJ Ke;ija Ntjk; Mjpfpue;j; vd;Dk; ngahpy; NgRfpwJ. NkYk; ekJ ,e;Ezf;fj;ijf; nfhz;L cyfpYs;s ngUk; ngUk; $l;lj;jhh;fSila jiyth;fshd ,g;wh`pk; egp> %]hegp> <]h egp> K`k;kj; egp Nghd;Nwhh;fspd; ngah;fsidj;ijAk; thpirg;gb Fwpg;gpl;Nlhk;. mj;Jld; mth;fSf;F jug;gl;bUe;j Ntjq;fspd; ngah;fisAk; E}`; egpAilaijj; jtpu kw;witfsidj;ijAk; ehk; Fwpg;gpl;ljhf ePq;fs; xUNtis epidj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fyhk;. tp\ak; mt;thwy;y. ,g;NghJ thUq;fs;. Fh;Mdpy; cq;fSila egpahd E}`; egpAila Ntjj;Jila ngaiuAk; ehk; Fwpg;gpl;bUf;fpNwhkh ,y;iyah vd;gijg; ghUq;fs;. mjq;dhd [{UGy; mt;tyPd; vd;W Fh;Md; $Wk; Fh;MdpypUe;Nj ehk; ghh;g;Nghk;. ,d;Dk; jpldhf mtiug; gw;wp [{UGy; mt;tyPdp (Ke;ija Ntjj;jp)y; cs;sJ.-my;Fh;Md; R+wh \{muh trdk; 196. ,jpy; [{Gh; vd;Dk; gjj;jpw;Fhpa mh;j;jkhdJ rpjwptpl;l thpfs; vd;gjhFk;. mt;thwhapd; [{UGy; mt;tyPd; vd;gjw;Fhpa fUj;jhdJ midj;Jf;Fk; Ke;ija rpjwp tpl;l thpfs; vd;gjhFk;. ,d;Dk; vy;yh ,iwj;J}jh;fSf;Fk; Kd;ghf Kjd;Kjy; \hPmj; vd;Dk; tho;tpay; eilKiwf;Fhpa khh;f;fk; nfhLf;fg;gl;l u]_Yk; E}`; egpjhd;. ,jpy; ,e;Jf;fs; E}`; egpapd; $l;lj;jhuhFk;. Vnddpy; mth;fs; jk;kplk; ghpRj;j E}y;fshd Ntjq;fspd; Mjpfahd; (Kjy; Qhdk;) ,Ug;gjhf ,g;NghJk; thjpf;fpd;wdh;. gpd;Dk; Ntjq;fisg; gw;wpa tuyhw;iw ftdpj;jhy; vy;yhtw;Wf;Fk; Ke;ija rpjwptpl;l thpfs; vd;gjw;Fhpa thh;j;ijapd; mhj;j;jk; ,jpy; jhd; cz;ikahf;fg;gLfpwJ. thUq;fs; ,g;NghJ ,ijNa ,d;ndhU K];ypk; Ntjkhd Fh;Mdpy; ,iwtd; Nfhzj;jpy; ghh;g;Nghk;. gjj;ijg; gw;wp

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,d;Dk; ckf;F Kd;dh; ahh;kPJ ehk; t`p mwptpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;NjhNkh mth;fs; Mz;fNsad;wp Ntwy;y. ePq;fs; mwpahjth;fshfapUg;gpd; epidTilNahhplk; NfSq;fs;. mth;fis ehk; igapdhj; kw;Wk; [{GUld; mDg;gpNdhk;. my;Fh;Md; R+wh e`;y; trdk; 43> 44. ,e;j trdj;jpy; kiwthd mNjNeuk; xU EZf;fkhd tp\ak; xspe;J nfhz;bUg;gij ehk; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ> jpUj;J}jh;fs; kPJ vj;jid Ntjq;fs; my;yJ Ntjr;Rtbfs; ,wq;fpw;Nwh mitfspy; rpy igapdhj;jhfTk;> rpy [{GuhfTk; ,Ue;jd vd;gjhk;. mjhtJ igapdhj; vd;gJk; [{Gh; vd;gJk; ntt;NtW epiyfisf; nfhz;l Ntjf;fpue;jq;fs;. ,jpy; igapdhj; vd;gjw;Fhpa mh;j;jkhdJ vjpy; njspthf tpsq;fpf; nfhs;sf; $ba thf;fpaq;fisf; nfhz;l trdq;fs; ,Ue;jdNth mitfis igapdhj; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;. ,t;thNw igapdhj;jpy; tpj;jpahrkhd epiyfis nfhz;bUe;jit vd;dntdpy; vjpy; cjhuzq;fisf; nfhz;L tpraq;fs; Ngrg;gl;bUe;jNjh mitfshFk;. ,J gw;wp hpf;Ntjj;jpy;> ehd; rk;gtq;fis GfOld; ,izj;J thh;j;ijfshy; NgRfpNwd;. hpf; Ntjk; 11-6-8. cjhuzj;jpw;Fhpa

vd;W nrhy;yg;gl;bUg;gijf; ftdpf; Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; Ntjq;fis ehk; ftdpg;Nghkhapd; mit [{Gh; vd;Dk; epiyia nfhz;bUg;gijAk; ehk; ghh;f;fyhk;. vdNt mJ Ke;ija Ntjk;jhd; vd;gjpy; ,dp ahUf;Fk; ve;jf; fUj;J NtWghLk; Vw;glhJ vd;W ek;GfpNwhk;. ,dp Ntjq;fs; ]{`{/ng Cyh my;yJ [{GUy; mt;tyPd; jhd; vd;gjhFk;. mJ E}`; egpapd; Ntjk;jhd; vd;gjw;Fk; chpa mwpthh;j;jkhd filrp MjhukhdJ> Guhzq;fs; kw;Wk; ,e;Jf;fspd; kw;w kj E}yfspy; gy egpkhh;fspd; ngah;fNshL $ba Kd;dwptpg;Gf;fs; fpilf;fpd;wd. Mdhy; Ntjq;fspy; egpkhh;fnsd;W ehk; Njbdhy; Mjk; egp kw;Wk; E}`; egp Mfpa ,UtUila ngah; kl;Lk;jhd; ekf;Ff; fpilf;fpwJ. mjd;wp tpz;zpd; Kjy; u]_iyg; gw;wp m`;kj; egp vd;Dk; ngahpy; mjw;Fhpa tpsf;fq;fs; fpilf;fpd;wd. ,ijj;jtpu K`k;kj; egpAila ntspg;ghl;f;Fhpa Kd;dwptpg;Gf;fSk; fpilf;fpd;wd. ,jpy; K`k;kj; egpiag; gw;wpa Kd;dwptpg;Gf;fs; vd;gJ vy;yh Ntjq;fspYk; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,ijj;jtpu egpkhh;fs; vd;W ghh;f;Fk;NghJ E}`; egpiaj; jtpu NtW ve;j egpiag; gw;wpa xU rpW Fwpg;igf; $l ek;khy; fhzKbatpy;iy vd;gJ me;j Ntjk; E}`; egpf;F Ke;jpaNjh

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my;yJ gpe;jpaNjh my;y vd;gJ ekf;Fj; njspthf;fg;gLk; kpfg; nghpa MjhukhFk;. vdNt Ntjq;fs; ,iwE}y; my;yJ ghpRj;jf; fpue;jk; jhd; vd;gij Vw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy; ekf;F vd;d re;Njfq;fs; ,Ue;jNjh mitaidj;Jk; ,g;NghJ mfd;W tpl;lnjd;W ehk; ek;GfpNwhk;. gpd;Dk; mt;Ntjf; fUj;Jf;fs;> mt;Njj;ij gbf;Fk; K];ypk; mwpQh;fspd; rpe;jid> Vd;! vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; Nkyhf Fh;Md; fhl;bj;je;j Mjhuq;fs; Nghd;wtw;wpw;Fg; gpd;dhy; mJ Ntjk;jhd; vd;gJ cWjpg;gLj;jg;gLtNjhL mJ fyhNk ug;ghdp (ul;rfdpd; thf;F) jhd; vd;gJk; ep&gzkhfptpl;lJ. Ntjk; kw;Wk; ,e;Jkj E}y;fs;: ,e;Jkj ek;gpf;ifapy; Ntj q;fis ,iwthf;F vd ek;gg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j ,iwthf;F vd;Dk; thh;j;ijapy; xU rpW khw;wj;ijf; $l mth;fs; mDkjpg;gjpy;iy. ,dp NtW kj E}y;fshfpa Guhzk; gpuh`;kd;> cgep\j;Jf;fs;> ];kpUj;Jf;fs; Nghd;witfis Ntjq;fspd; tphpTiunad;Nw ek;Gfpd;wdh;. me;j E}y;fspd; thf;fpaq;fis ,iwtNdhL rk;ge;jg;gLj;JtJk; ,y;iy. khwhf mitfs; gy;NtW hp\pfNshL rk;ge;jg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. NkYk; mtw;wpd; thf;fpaq;fs; khwhjpUe;jhy; mij mth;fs; xU Fw;wkhfTk; fUJtjpy;iy. mjhtJ Fh;Md; `jP]py; fhzg;gLk; tpj;jpahrj;ijg; Nghjd;Wjhd; ,JTk; vd;W nrhy;yyhk;. fy;ahz; gjk; vd;Dk; Guhzj;jpy; ,ijg; gw;wp flTspd; thh;j;ijfisg; NgRfpwth; kw;Wk; epidf;fpwth; mij NtW thh;j;ijapy; khw;wf;$lhJ. xU Ntis khw;WthNuahapd; mij flTSila thf;F vd;W nrhy;y KbahJ. ,j;jifaf; fl;Lg;ghLfisf; nfhz;L Ntj thf;fpaq;fs; flTspd; thf;fpaq;fNs. mJ kl;Lky;y. thf;fpaq;fspd; thpirAk; khwf; $lhJ. ,dp; Guhzk; vd;gJ ey;yth;fspd; thf;Ffisg; Nghd;wjhFk;. me;j thf;Ffspd; thf;fpaq;fs; khwptpLtJ jtwhfhJ. Mdhy; me;j thf;fpaq;fspd; khw;wj;jpdhy; fUj;J khwpg; Ngha; tplf;$lhJ. -E}y:; fy;ahz; gjk; gf;fk; 3 ,e;J mwpQh;fs; $Wfpd;wdh; Ntjq;fis kddk; nra;tjpy; vj;jid Kd;ndr;rhpf;if my;yJ xOq;FKiw filg;ggpbf;fg;gl;L tUfpwnjdpy; mJ Jtf;fj;jpypUe;Nj vj;jifa khw;wKkpd;wp eilngw;W tUfpwJ. ,Ug;gpDk; Mapuf;fzf;fhd tUlq;fshf epidtpy; kl;LNk ghJfhf;fg;gl;L te;j mt;Ntjq;fis gjpndl;lhtJ E}w;whz;bd; ,Wjpapy; jhd; Kjd;Kjyhf Nkf;];
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Ky;yh; vd;ghh; E}y; tbtpw;F nfhz;L te;jhh; vd;gijAk; ehk; njhpe;jpUf;fpNwhk;. ,dpehk; ,k;Kd;ndr;rhpf;if eltbf;iffis vy;yhk; Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhYk; epidtpy; ghJfhf;fg;gl;bUe;j Ntjq;fSld; Guhzq;fSk; kw;w ,jpfhrq;fspd; tp\aq;fSk; fye;J tpLtjw;Fhpa tha;g;G mwNt ,y;iy vd;Wk; nrhy;y KbahJ. mj;Jld; Ntjq;fspd; Mq;fpy tphpTiuahsh;fSk; ,ij xg;Gf; nfhs;fpd;wdh;. vdpDk; ekJ mwptpd; tpsf;fk; Ma;T Nghd;wtw;iwf;nfhz;L Ntjq;fs; kw;Wk; ,ju E}y;fspy; fhzg;gLk; tp\aq;fspy; vitnait Fh;Midf; nfhz;L cz;ikgLj;jg;gLfpwNjh mJjhd; m]y; NtjkhFk;. ul;rfh! vq;fspd; kwjpapd; fhuzkhf epfo;eJ ; tpl;l Fw;wq;fSf;fhf vq;fis eP gpbj;JtplhNj-my;Fh;Md; R+wh gfuh trdk; 286. V! Njt;(,iwth) vq;fspy; vq;fis mwpahj epiyapy; epfOk; Fw;wq;fSf;fhf vq;fis eP tpl;LtplhNj hpf;Ntjk; 5-89-7. mj;jpahak; MW mfpyj;jpd; Jtf;fk; m`;kj; egp m`;kjpd; ufrpak;. ehk; ,e;j E}ypy; gy ,lq;fspy; ,e;J r%f kf;fs; jq;fspd; khh;f;fj;Jila mbg;gilahd vjhh;j;jj;jpw;Fhpa cz;ikfis mtjuhk; kw;Wk; Ntjj;Jila G+i[apy; njhiyj;Jtpl;lhh;fs; vd;W Fwpg;gpl;Ls;Nshk;. ,jpy; xU mbg;gilahd cz;ik vd;dntdpy;> vij ,r;r%f kf;fs; njhpe;J itj;jpUe;jhh;fNsh ,d;Dk; vijf; nfhz;L mth;fspd; mtjhuj;jpw;Fhpa nfhs;if vd;gJ mbj;jskplg;gl;bUe;jNjh mJ `fPfj;Nj K`k;kjpa;ah (m`kjpd; m`kpakh)Fk;. mij ,th;fs; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;Sk;Kd; `fPfj;Nj m`;kjP vd;gJ vd;d vd;gij Kjpypy; njhpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,Jgw;wp K];ypk; mwpQh;fSk; $wpAs;sdh;. ,jNdhL Qhdthd;fSk; njhlh;G nfhz;bUe;jdh;. me;j `fPfj;Nj m`;kjP vd;gJ vg;gbg;gl; Xh; mbg;gilahd m]y; tpj;J vd;why; mij ,e;j 21k; E}w;whz;byhtJ mtrpak; ehk; njhpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iyNay; ,e;Jr; r%f kf;fspd; mtjhuf; nfhs;ifia ek;khy; Ghpe;J nfhs;sNth my;yJ mJgw;wpa tpsf;fj;jij ,e;Jr; rNfhjuh;fSf;Fj; je;J mth;fSila fz;fis kiwj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;s jpiuia ek;khy; ePf;fNth mwNt KbahJ. ,Jgw;wp K];ypk; Ntjkhd Fh;Mdpy;
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 ,d;Dk; vz;zpg; ghUq;fs;. kh;aKila ike;jh; <]h $wpdhh; X! gzP ,];uNtyh;fNs! ehd; cq;fSf;F ,iwtDila jpUj;J}juhfTk;> vdf;F Ke;ija njsuhj; Ntjj;ioj cz;ikahf;fp itg;gtdhfTk; xU u]_iyf; Fwpj;J Rgr; nra;jp jUgtdhfTk; te;jpUf;fpNwd;. mth; vdf;Fg;gpd; tUthh;. mth; ngah; m`;kjhFk;. mjd;gpd; mth; njspthd mj;jhl;rpfisf;nfhz;L te;jNghJ mth;fs; ,J njspthd R+dpak; vd;wdh;. my;Fh;Md; R+wh ]/g; trdk; 6. Nkw;fz;l trdj;jpy; <]h egpath;fs; tUifju ,Uf;Fk; xU u]_iy (,iwj;J}jiu) Fwpj;J Rgr; nra;jp je;jNjhL mtUila ngah; m`;kj; vd;Wk; nrhy;ypj; jUfpwhh;. NkYk; ,t;trdj;Jila tpsf;fj;jpy; NtjtphpTiuahsh;fs; kpf tphpthf tpsf;fKk; je;Js;sdh;. mjhtJ fpwp];Jt Ntjkhd ,d;[Pypy; m`;kj; vd;Dk; ngahpy; xU jpUj;J}jhpd; tUifiag; gw;wpf; $wg;gl;bUe;jJ vd;Wk;> fpwp];Jth;fs; mjDila mh;j;jj;ij khw;wp jphpj;Jf; $Wfpd;wdh; vd;Wk; nrhy;fpd;wdh;. Mdhy; ,q;Nf mt;tphpTiuahsh;fs; K`k;kj; egpapd; ngah; m`;kj; vd vg;gbapUe;J vd;gJ gw;wpa tpsf;fk; vijAk; juhJ K`k;kj; egpath;fs; m`;kj; vd;gJk; vdJ ngah;jhd; vd;W $wpa xNunahU egpnkhopia kl;Lk; jq;fspd; $w;Wf;F Mjhukhfj; jUfpd;wdh;. Mk;. K`k;kj; egpapd; ngah;fspy; m`;kj; vd;gJk; xd;nwd;gij ehk; ek;GfpNwhk;. Mdhy; me;j m`;kj; vd;Dk; ngah; vg;NghJ ,Ue;jJ? vq;Nf ,Ue;jJ? vg;gb ,Ue;jJ? vd;gitfnsy;yhk; tpsf;fg;gl Ntz;lhkh? ,d;Dk; K`k;kj; egpAila nghd;nkhopapd; kPJ ghpG+uzkhd ek;gpf;ifAz;L. Mdhy; me;j egpnkhopiaf; nfhz;L m`;kj; vd;gjd; `fPfj; (vjhh;j;jk;) vd;d? vd;gij ek;khy; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;s KbahjNghJ> mijg; gw;wp Nfl;NghUf;F ek;khy; vg;gb gjpyspf;f KbAk;? gpd;Dk; fpwp];Jth;fs; vd;d $Wfpwhh;fs; vdpy;>nrtpfspd; Ntjj;jpy; vq;fspd; egpiaf; nfhz;L nrhy;yg;gl;l m`;kj; vd;Dk; ngaiu K`k;kj; ghh;j;Jtpl;L jd;Dila Ntjj;jpYk; mg;ngaiu mth; ,izj;Jf; nfhz;lhh; vd;W $Wfpd;wdh;. eT+Jgpy;yh`;. mj;Jld; mth;jhd; m`;kj; vd;W kw;wth;fsplKk; nrhy;yj;Jtq;fpdhh;. Mdhy; mth; ngah; K`k;kj; kl;Lk;jhd; vd xU ngUk; gopnahd;iw Rkj;Jfpd;wdh;. ,Jgw;wp xU fpwp];Jt E}yhrphpah; $Wtijg; ghUq;fs;: Foe;ijf;F K`k;kj; vd ngahplg;gl;lJ. ,g;ngah; mugpahpilNa kpftk; Fiwthf ,Ue;jJ. MdhYk; ,Ue;jJ. ,g;gjj;jpd; %yk;
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`k;j; vd;gjhFk;. K`k;kj; vd;Dk; ngaUf;F Gfog;gl;lth; vd;gJ mh;j;jkhFk;. ,dp `k;j; vd;gjpypUe;J jhd; m`;kj; vd;Dk; gjk; Njhd;WfpwJ. ,d;[Py; Ntjj;jpd; rpy mugp nkhopngah;g;G E}ypy; Nguhf;yPl; (PARACLETE) vd;Dk; Rh;ahzp nkhopapd; thh;j;ijf;F m`;kj; vdj; jtwhf mh;j;jk; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,d;Dk; ,g;ngah; K];ypk;fspilNa ,Ue;j A+j> fpwp];Jth; kj;jpapy; Ngr;R tof;fpy; mq;fPfhuuk; ngw;W tpl;lJ. Vnddpy; mth;fs; nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUe;jjw;F xg;g mg;ngahpy; mth;fspd; Ntjq;fspYk; mj;jpUj;J}jh; gw;wpa Kd;dwptpg;G te;jJ. -E}y;: iyg; Mg K`k;kj; yz;ld; 1871 gf;fk; 5. nksz;ld; vd;ghh; $Wtijf; nfhz;L ekf;F tpsq;Fk; tp\ak; vd;dntdpy;> Nguhf;yPl;bd; tUif gw;wpa thf;F vd;gijf; Fwpf;Fk; epiwa tp\aq;fis khw;wpg; Gul;Ltjw;Fhpa tha;g;G epiwaNt cz;L. mt;thW khw;wg;gl;l xU trdk; K`k;kjpd; Kd;G Ngrg;gl;lij itj;J K];ypk; Ntjkhd Fh;Mdpy; fhzg;gLk; trdk; mikf;fg;gl;lJ. E}y;: iyg; Mg; K`k;kj;> yz;ld 1871;> gf;fk; 164. tuyhw;W E}y;fspy; K`k;kj; egpapd; ngah; m`;kj; vd;gjw;Fhpa Mjhuk; vq;Fk; fpilf;ff; fhNzhk;. ,J egpath;fSf;F njhpag;gLj;jg;gl;l gpd;dNu egpath;fs;> ehd;jhd; m`;kj; vdf; $w m`;kj; vd;Dk; ngah; Ngrg;glyhapw;W. ,d;Dk; K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; ghl;ldhh; mg;Jy; Kj;jypg; vd;ghh;jhd; K`k;kj; egpath;fSf;F K`k;kj; vd;gjhf ngahpl;lhh;. rpWtajpypUe;Nj kf;fhthrpfs; vy;NyhUNk egpath;fis K`k;kj; vdiuf; nfhz;Ljhd; mioj;J te;jdh;. mj;Jld; ]hjpf;> mkPd; vd;Dk; ngah;fshYk; mth;fs; miof;fg;gl;ldh;. Mdhy;; m`;kj; vd;Dk; ngah; vq;FNk Ngrg;gltpy;iy. mj;Jld; mth;fSila Njhoh;fs; vy;NyhUN k mth;fis K`k;kj; vd;Dk; ngahpy;jhd; njhpe;J itj;jpUe;jdh;. Kjd;Kjy; m`;kj; vd;gJk; jhd;jhd; vd;gij K`k;kj; egpath;fs; jhd; jkJ thahy; njhptpj;jdh;. mg;gbahdhy; m`;kj; vd;Dk; mg;ngahpd; mfkpaj;ij ehk; njhpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;baJ mtrpakpy;iyah? ,d;Dk; G+kpapy; mth;fSila ngah; K`k;kj; vd;WjhdpUf;Fk; vd;gij ehk; njhpe;jp;Ue;Jk; vjw;fhf jd;Dila r%fj;jhhplk; <]h egpath;fs; K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; ngaiu m`;kJ vd;W nrhd;dhh;fs;? NkYk; mt;thW nrhy;tjd; %yk; fUj;J Nkhjy; Vw;gLk; vd;gJk;> kWg;Gf;Fhpa thapy;fs; jpwf;fg;gLk; vd;gJk; mth;fSf;Fj; njhpahjh? ,d;Dk; gpd;dhy; tug;NghFk; $l;lj;jhh; mth;fis Nehf;fp mth;fNshL ,iza Ntz;Lk;
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vd;wpUf;Fk;NghJ K`k;kj; vd;W nrhy;yhky; m`;kj; vd;W Vd; nrhd;dhh;fs;? mt;thwhapd; egpath;fspd; m`;kj; vd;gjw;Fhpa mfkpak; K`k;kj; vd;Dk; ngaUf;F khw;wkhdjh? my;yJ Ntwhdjh? m`;kj; cz;ikapy; ,g;ngah; egpath;fSf;F Md;k cyfpy; itf;fg;gl;bUe;j ngauhFk;. ,g;G+Nyhf [lj;Jt cyfpw;F mDg;gg;gLKd; kdpj [Ptuhrpfs; midj;Jk; gilf;fg;gLk; Kd;> Mjk; egp ,g;G+TyFf;F tUif jUk; Kd;Dk; ehk; ,Ue;Njhk;. Mk;. Md;k cyfpy; ekJ vy;NyhUila Md;khf;fSk; gilf;fg;gl;bUe;jd. mjd;gpd;Ng ekf;nfhU rhPuj;ijf; nfhLj;J ,t;TyFf;F ehk; mDg;gg;gl;Nlhk;. ,t;thNw ,Wjpehs;tiu gpwf;fg;NghFk; kdpjh;fs; midtUila Md;khf;fsidj;Jk; ,g;NghJk; ,Uf;fpd;wd. me;j Md;k cyfpy;jhd; ,iwtd; ek;kidthplKk; thf;FWjpAk; thq;fpdhd;. ,ijg; gw;wp K];ypk; Ntjkhd Fh;Mdpy;. ,d;Dk; jpldhf ehq;fs; ,ijtpl;L kwe;jth;fshf ,Ue;Njhk;. vd ,Wjpehspy; ePq;fs; nrhy;yhjpUg;gjw;fhf MjKila kf;fspy; epd;Wk; mth;fSila KJFfspypUe;J mth;fspd; re;jjpapdiu ckJ ul;rfd; vLj;J> cq;fspd; ul;rfd; ehdpy;iyah? vd;W mth;fspd; Md;kh kPJ mth;fis rhl;rp nrhy;y itj;j Neuj;ij (egpNa! mth;fSf;F ePh; epidT+l;LtPuhf!) nka;jhd;. ehq;fs; rhl;rp gfh;e;Njhk; vd;W Rwpdh;. md;wp (vq;fSf;F) Kd; ,iz itj;jnjy;yhk; vq;fspd; je;ijah;fs;jhk;. ,d;Dk; mth;fSf;Fg; gpd;Ds;s re;jjpapduhf ehq;fs; ,Ue;Njhk;. MfNt (mt;)tPzh;fs; nra;jijf; nfhz;L vq;fis eP mopf;fpwhah? vd;W ePq;fs; $whjpUg;gjw;fhf (ehk;cq;fSila) je;ijah;fspd; KJFfspypUe;J thf;FWjp thq;fpNdhk;/; my;Fh;Md; R+wh m/uh/g; trdk; 172> 173. ,t;trdj;jpd; tphpTiuapy; \pah> Rd;dp (K];ypk; kjj;jpYs;s) ,UgphpthUk; xUq;fpize;j epiyapy;> ,t;thf;FWjp rhPukk; gilf;fg;gLtjw;F Kd;dNu vy;yh MjKila Md;khf;fsplKk; thq;fg;gl;l xd;nwdf; $Wfpd;wdh;. cjhuzkhf `hgpo; ,g;D ifapk; vd;ghh; jdJ mh;&`; vd;Dk; E}ypy; ,t;thf;FWjp Md;khf;fsplk; thq;fg;gl;lJ. fhuzk; mg;NghJ rhPuq;fs; vq;Nf ,Ue;jd.? E}y;: &N`hd;N] kpypNa gf;fk; 249
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mLj;J f/g; fh;oP vd;ghh; ,t;trdj;jpw;F tphpTiu nra;Ak;NghJ vy;yh Md;khf;fsplKk; mitfspd; rhPuq;fs; gilf;fg;gLKd; ,iwtd; kPJ ek;gpf;if nfhs;tjw;fhfTk; mtid mwpe;J nfhs;tjw;fhfTk; thf;FWjp nra;jd vd;W $Wfpwhh;. -E}y;: &N`hd;N] kpypNa gf;fk; 253. ,jd;wp ,e;E}ypy; tphpthf tpsf;fg;gLk; tifapy; K];ypk; Ntjkhd Fh;Mdpy; ,iwtd;. MfNt ,d;Dk; cq;fis ehk;jhd; gilj;Njhk;. gpd;dh; cUtq;fis rikj;Njhk;. my;Fh;Md; R+wh m/uh/g;> trdk; 11 vd;W ]{k;k (gpd;dh;) vd;Dk; thf;fpaj;ijf; nfhz;L thf;fpaj;jpd; njhlh;r;rpiaAk;> jhkjj;ijAk; ,t;trdk; Fwpf;fpd;wJ. mj;Jld; gilj;Njhk; vd;gjw;F Md;khf;fis gilj;Njhk; vd;gJ fUj;jhFk;. -E}y;: &N`hd;N] kpypNa gf;fk; 249. Md;k cyfpy; vq;Nf itj;J ehk; midtUk; ,iwtdplk; thf;FWjp nra;J nfhLj;jpUe;NjhNkh mq;Nf hp]hyj; (jpUj;J}Jtj;)jpd; Ml;rpAk; ,Ue;jJ. mNjNeuk; me;j Md;k cyfpy; xNu xU u]_y; (jpUj;J}jh;) kl;Lk;jhd; ,Ue;jhh;. mth;jhd; K`k;kj; egpahFk;. mq;Nf ,iwtdpd; jpUKd;> thdth;fspd; Kd; K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; ngah; m`;kj; vd;gjhfj;jhd; mike;jpUe;jJ. mj;Jld; m`;kj; kw;Wk; K`k;kj; vd;gJ xNu kdpjUila ,U NtW `fPfj;jh(mfkpakh)Fk;. ,Jjhd; vy;yh QhdpfSila xl;Lnkhj;jkhd fUj;Jk; nfhs;ifAk; MFk;. NkYk; m`;kj; vd;gJ K`k;kj; egpath;fspd; ,d;ndhU ngah; MFk;. ,g;ngah; tpz;Zyfj;jhhpilNa kpfTk; gpugyk;. ,d;Dk; ,g;ngaUf;F ,iwtDld; kpfTk; neUf;fkhd njhlh;g cz;L. ,t;thNw K`k;kj; vd;Dk; ngah; xU gbj;juj;jpy; ,iwtDf;F kpfTk; mUfhikapy; neUq;fpa njhlh;G cz;L. K[j;jpj; my;gjhdp vd;Dk; Qhdp $Wfpwhh; mth;fspd; ngah; tpz;Zyfpy; thdth;fspilNa m`;kj; vd;gJjhd; gpugyk;. ,t;thNw G+NyhfthjpfspilNa K`k;kj; vd;gJjhd; gpugykhFk;. E}y;: kf;J}ghj;Nj ug;ghdp ghfk; 2> gf;fk; 94.

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itj;jhd;. mjpy; G+kpapd; ,Wjpehs;tiu Neh;e;jpLk; vy;yhg; gpur;ridfSf;FKhpa jPh;T ,Ue;jJ. Fh;Md; K`k;kj; egpapd; kpfg;ngUk; mw;GjkhFk;. ,d;Dk; mjpYs;s mjpraq;fs; cyfk; cs;stiu ntspg;gl;Lf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk;. ,ijg; gw;wp ,iwtd; $Wtijg; ghUq;fs;. ehk; ntFtpiutpy; mth;fSf;F ekJ mj;jhl;rpfis (,g;) G+kpapNyNa fhl;LNthk;. ,d;Dk; mth;fSila Md;khtpYk; vJtiu vdpy; ,Jjhd; rj;jpak; vd;gJ mth;fspy; ntspahfptpLk;. -my;Fh;Md R+wh `hkPk; ][;jh trdk; 53. kdpjmwpT xUNghJk; ,iwtDila mwpit tisf;f KbahJ. fhuzk; xU Fwpg;gpl;l vy;iyf;Fs; Klf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,e;j mwpT vt;thW ,iwtDila mwpit tisf;f KbAk;? ,jw;Fhpa kpfg;ngUk; cjhuzk; Nehgy; ghpR ngw;w lhf;lh; mg;J];]yhk; vd;Dk; tpQ;Qhdpahthh;. mth; Fh;Mid gyKidfspYk; Muha;e;j gpd; ,g;gpurQ;rj;jpy; gy rf;jpfs; (FORCES) vd;gNj fpilahnjd;Wk;> xNunahU mbg;gil rf;jpjhd; ,g;G+kpia ,af;fpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ vd;Wk; $Wfpwhh;. mJjhd; gy;NtW Njhw;wq;fshf fhl;rpaspj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ vd;Wk; $Wfpwhh;;. Mdhy; mjw;F khwhf rpyh; ,d;Wtiu mjDila EZf;fj;ij fz;Lgpbf;f Kad;W nfhz;bUf;fpd;wdh;. mjhtJ kdpjd; ,g;G+kpapy; vg;gbj; Njhd;wpdhd;? lhh;tpdpd; ghh;itapy; Fuq;fpd; tsh;r;rpjhd; kdpjdpd; Njhw;wk;. ,Jjhd; ,d;Wtiu Kbthf Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ. mj;Jld; ,Jti ,ij NtW ahUk; kWf;fhjjhy; tpQ;QhdKk; ,ijj;jhd; rhpnad;W ek;GfpwJ. kdpjmwpT jdJ rf;jp KOtijAk; gad;gLj;jpa gpd;Gk; $l lhh;tpdpd; $w;Wj;jhd; rhpahdnjd;gij ep&gpf;fTk; Kbatpy;oy. ,dpAk; KbahJ. kdpj mwpT vq;Nf tpopgpJq;fpg; Ngha; epw;fpwNjh mq;Nf mJ cs;sj;jpd; Moj;jpy; kiwe;Js;stw;wpd; kw;witAk; mwpe;J nfhs;Nthdpd; Ngr;irf; Nfl;f Kaw;rpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mtd; $Wtijg; ghUq;fs; vd;d? ,th;fs; Fh;Mid rpe;jpf;f khl;lhh;fsh? md;wp mth;fSila ,jaq;fs; G+l;lg;gl;Ls;sjh? -my;Fh;Md; R+wh K`k;kj; trdk; 24. ,dp tpQ;Qhdk; kdpjj; Njhw;wk; gw;wpNa rpe;jpf;ftpy;iy vd;Dk; NghJ gilg;G rk;ge;jkhd mwpit mJ vg;gb ngw KbAk;? ,t;tp\aj;jpYk; mJ ,Ul;by;jhd; jdJ iffhy;fis cjwpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. cyfpd; kpfg;nghpa Mq;fpy Vlhd hPlh;]; il[];l;by; 1977 Mf];by; ntspte;j fl;Liunahd;iwg; ghUq;fs;.
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93

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95

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96

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