Ludwig Wittgenstein,
A
Biographical Sketch
Georg Henrik von WrightThe Philosophical Review, Vol. 64, No. 4 (Oct., 1955), 527-545.
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LUDWIGWITTGENSTEIN,A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
0
April
29,
1951,
there died at Cambridge, England, oneof the most famous and influential philosophers of ourtime, Ludwig Wittgenstein.It has been said that Wittgenstein inspired two importantschools of thought, both of which he repudiated. The one isso-called logical positivism or logical empiricism, which playeda prominent role during the decade immediately preceding theSecond World War. The other is the so-called analytic or linguisticmovement, sometimes also called the Cambridge School.1 Itdominates the British philosophy of today and has spread overthe entire Anglo-Saxon world and to the countries in whichAnglo-Saxon influence is strong.It is true that the philosophy of Wittgenstein has been of greatimportance to both of these trends in contemporary thought: tothe first, his early work Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus and discussionswith some members of the Vienna Circle; to the second, besidesthe Tractatus, his lectures at Cambridge and also glimpses of theworks which he did not publish in his lifetime. It is also partlytrue that Wittgenstein repudiated the results of his own influence.He did not participate in the world-wide discussion to which hiswork and his thought had given rise. He was of the opinion-justified, I believe-that his ideas were usually misunderstoodand distorted even by those who professed to be his disciples. Hedoubted that he would be better understood in the future. Heonce said that he felt as though he were writing for people whowould think in a quite different way, breathe a different air oflife, from that of present-day men. For people of a differentculture, as it were. That was
one
reason why he did not himselfpublish his later works.
This is a very heterogeneous trend which cannot be covered by
one
name.Even the name "Ciambridge School" is not accurate. It seems to me appropriateonly in
so
far as it reminds one of the part which some prominent teachers atCambridge played in the creating of a philosophic atmosphere typical of ourtime. The influence of the Cambridge School now prevails at Oxford.
Ludwig Wittgenslein
Rehroduced with the jermissiorzof Dorothy Moore.
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