5.

PREDIMENSIONAREA ARBORILOR
5.1 Determinarea forelor din angrenaje
Angrenaj conic
M t1 = 10942,66 Nmm
M t2 =

3 30 10 6
= 24511,56 Nmm
1168,75

2 M t1 2 10942,66
=
= 729,51N
d m1
39
2 M t 2 2 24511,56
Ft 2 =
=
= 544,70 N
d m2
90
Fr1 = Ft1 tg 0 cos 1 = 729,51 tg 20 0 cos 23,43 0 = 243,62 N
Fr 2 = Ft 2 tg 0 cos 2 = 544,70 tg 20 0 cos 66,57 0 = 78,83 N
Fa1 = Ft1 tg 0 sin 1 = 729,51 tg 20 0 sin 23,43 0 = 105,57 N
Fa 2 = Ft 2 tg 0 sin 2 = 544,70 tg 20 0 sin 66,57 0 = 181,90 N
Ft1 =

n reductor acioneaz urmtoarele fore:

Fkt1 = 730 N

Rk1 Fkr1 = 244 N

F = 106 N
ka1

Fkt 2 = 545N Fct1 = 1032 N Fct 2 = 1028N

F = 254N

Rk 2 Fkr 2 = 79N Rc1 Fcr1 = 376 N Rc2 Fcr 2 = 374 N Rcurea

F0 = 381N
F = 182 N F = 277 N
F = 276N

ka 2
ca1
ca 2

Aceste fore se distribuie pe arbori astfel:

Pe fiecare arbore acioneaz urmtoarele fore:

F , F0
Fkt 2 , Fkr 2 , Fka 2
aI
a II
Fkt1 , Fkr1 , Fka1 Fct1 , Fcr1 , Fca1

a III { Fct 2 , Fcr 2 , Fca 2

Forele tangeniale acioneaz n plan vertical, forele radiale n plan orizontal, iar momentele
n plan vertical i n plan orizontal, i rezult:

Pentru determinarea att a reaciunilor ct i pentru construirea diagramelor de momente

ncovoietoare sunt necesare dimensiunile longitudinale ale tronsoanelor arborilor. Acestea se
determin conform: ndrumar de proiectare Arbori drepi, mbinri cu pene i caneluri, lagre
radiale, pagina 7 9 .
Se determin pentru fiecare arbore diametrul preliminar din condiia de rezisten la torsiune,
cu relaia:
d p1 = 3

16 M t 3 16 10942,66
=
= 14,07 mm d p = 14mm
at
20

d p2 = 3

16 M t 3 16 24511,56
=
= 18,41mm d p = 18mm
at
20

d p3 = 3

16 M t 3 16 57847,64
=
= 24,51mm d p = 25mm
at
20

at = 20 MPa

Arborii se execut din OL 50, sau OL 60

Dimensiunile longitudinale ale tronsoanelor se stabilesc n funcie de d p i de limile roilor
dinate calculate anterior.

l1 =

bc
28
+ d p + 20 =
+ 14 + 20 = 48mm
2
2

l 2 = d p +10 = 14 + 10 = 24mm

l3 =

l1 =

dp
2

dp

2
b
l 2 = rk
2
b
l3 = rc
2

b
14 20
+ 10 =
+
+ 10 = 27mm
2
2
2

brk
18 20
+ 10 =
+
+ 10 = 29mm
2
2
2
b
20 36
+ rc + 10 =
+
+ 10 = 38mm
2
2
2
dp
36 18
+
+ 10 =
+ + 10 = 37 mm
2
2
2

l1aIII = ( l1 + l 2 ) aII = 29 + 38 = 67mm

l 2 aIII = l 3aII = 37mm

5.2 Determinarea reaciunilor

FV = 0

V2 +V3 F Fkt1 = 0

V2 +V3 254 730 = 0

M 2 = 0

F l1 + V3 l 2 Fkt1 ( l 2 + l 3 ) = 0

V3 =
M 3 = 0

Fkt1 ( l 2 + l 3 ) F l1 730 ( 24 + 27 ) 254 48

=
= 1043,25 N
l2
24

F ( l1 + l 2 ) V2 l 2 Fkt1 l3 = 0

F ( l1 + l 2 ) Fkt1 l3 254 ( 48 + 24) 730 27

=
= 59,25 N
l2
24
59,25 +1043,25 254 730 = 0
V2 =

Verificare:
I X 1 [ 0, l1 ]

M iV ( X 1 ) = X 1 F

X 1 = 0 M iV ( 0 ) = 0

X 1 = l1 M iV ( l1 ) = l1 F = 48 254 = 12192 Nmm

II X 2 [ 0, l 2 ]

M iV ( X 2 ) = F ( l1 + X 2 ) + V2 X 2

X 2 = 0 M iV ( 0 ) = F l1 = 48 254 = 12192 Nmm

X 2 = l 2 M iV ( l 2 ) = F ( l1 + l 2 ) + V2 l 2 = 254( 48 + 24) 59,25 24 = 19710 Nmm

III X 3 [ 0, l 3 ]

M iV ( X 3 ) = Fkt1 X 3

X 3 = 0 M iV ( 0 ) = 0

X 3 = l3 M iV ( l3 ) = Fkt1 l3 = 730 27 = 19710 Nmm

FH = 0

H 2 + H 3 F0 Fkr1 = 0

H 2 + H 3 381 244 = 0

M 2 = 0

F0 l1 + H 3 l 2 Fkr1 ( l 2 + l 3 ) M ( Fka1 ) = 0
F ( l + l ) F0 l1 + M ( Fka1 ) 244 ( 24 + 27 ) + 106 19,5 381 48
H 3 = kr1 2 3
=
l2
24

H 3 = 157,37 N
M 3 = 0

F0 ( l1 + l 2 ) H 2 l 2 Fkr1 l 3 M ( Fka1 ) = 0

H2 =
Verificare:
I X 1 [ 0, l1 ]

F0 ( l1 + l 2 ) Fkr1 l3 M ( Fka1 ) 381 ( 48 + 24 ) 244 27 106 19,5

=
l2
24

H 2 = 782,37 N
782,37 157,37 381 244 = 0

M iH ( X 1 ) = X 1 F0

X 1 = 0 M iH ( 0) = 0

X 1 = l1 M iH ( l1 ) = l1 F0 = 48 381 = 18288 Nmm

II X 2 [ 0, l 2 ]

M iH ( X 2 ) = F0 ( l1 + X 2 ) + H 2 X 2

X 2 = 0 M iH ( 0 ) = F0 l1 = 48 381 = 18288 Nmm

III X 3 [ 0, l 3 ]

X 2 = l 2 M iH ( l 2 ) = F0 ( l1 + l 2 ) + H 2 l 2 = 381( 48 + 24 ) + 782,37 24 = 8655,12 Nmm

M iH ( X 3 ) = Fkr1 X 3 M ( Fka1 )

X 3 = 0 M iH ( 0 ) = M ( Fka1 ) = 106 19,5 = 2067 Nmm

X 3 = l3 M iH ( l3 ) = Fkr1 l3 M ( Fka1 ) = 244 27 106 19,5 = 8655 Nmm

M rez =

( M iV ) 2 + ( M iH ) 2

M rez1 = 0

M rez 2 =
M rez 3 =

( 12192 ) 2 + ( 18288) 2 = 21979,44 Nmm

( 19710 ) 2 + ( 8655) 2 = 21526,56 Nmm

M rez 4 = 2067 Nmm

M ech = ( M rez ) + ( M t )
= 0,67
2

M ech1 = 0 + ( 0,67 10942,66 )

M ech 2 =

M ech 3 =
M ech 4 =

= 7331,58 Nmm

( 21979,44 ) + ( 0,67 10942,66 ) 2 = 23169,88 Nmm

( 21526,56) 2 + ( 0,67 10942,66) 2 = 22740,81Nmm
( 2067 ) 2 + ( 0,67 10942,66 ) 2 = 7618,34 Nmm
2

FV = 0

V1 V4 Fkt 2 + Fct1 = 0

V1 V4 545 + 1032 = 0

M 1 = 0

Fkt 2 l1 + Fct1 ( l1 + l 2 ) V4 ( l1 + l 2 + l3 ) = 0

V4 =
M 4 = 0

Fct1 ( l1 + l 2 ) Fkt 2 l1 1032 ( 29 + 38) 545 29

=
= 512,87 N
l1 + l 2 + l3
29 + 38 + 37

Fkt 2 ( l 2 + l 3 ) V1 ( l1 + l 2 + l 3 ) Fct1 l3 = 0

Fkt 2 ( l 2 + l3 ) Fct1 l 3 545 ( 38 + 37 ) 1032 37

=
= 25,87 N
l1 + l 2 + l 3
29 + 38 + 37
25,87 512,87 545 +1032 = 0
V1 =

Verificare:

I X 1 [ 0, l1 ]

M iV ( X 1 ) = X 1 V1

X 1 = 0 M iV ( 0) = 0

X 1 = l1 M iV ( l1 ) = l1 V1 = 25,87 29 = 750,23 Nmm

II X 2 [ 0, l 2 ]

M iV ( X 2 ) = V1 ( l1 + X 2 ) Fkt 2 X 2

X 2 = 0 M iV ( 0) = V1 l1 = 25,87 29 = 750,23 Nmm

X 2 = l 2 M iV ( l 2 ) = V1 ( l1 + l 2 ) Fkt 2 l 2 = 25,87( 29 + 38) 545 38 = 18976,71Nmm

III X 3 [ 0, l 3 ]

M iV ( X 3 ) = V4 X 3

X 3 = 0 M iV ( 0 ) = 0

X 3 = l 3 M iV ( l 3 ) = V4 l 3 = 512,87 37 = 18976,19 Nmm

FH = 0

H 1 H 4 Fkr 2 + Fcr1 = 0

H 1 H 4 79 + 376 = 0

M 1 = 0

Fkr 2 l1 + M ( Fka 2 ) + Fcr1 ( l 2 + l 3 ) M ( Fca1 ) H 4 ( l1 + l 2 + l 3 ) = 0

H4 =
H4 =

Fkr 2 l1 + M ( Fka 2 ) + Fcr1 ( l1 + l 2 ) M ( Fca1 )

l1 + l 2 + l3

79 29 + 182 45 + 376 ( 29 + 38) 277 23,74

= 235,72 N
29 + 38 + 37

H 1 ( l1 + l 2 + l3 ) + M ( Fka 2 ) + Fkr 2 ( l 2 + l3 ) Fcr1 l3 M ( Fca1 ) = 0

M 4 = 0

H1 =

M ( F ka 2 ) + Fkr 2 ( l 2 + l3 ) Fcr1 l 3 M ( Fca1 )

l1 + l 2 + l3

182 45 + 79 ( 38 + 37 ) 376 37 277 23,74

= 61,28 N
34 + 43 + 37
61,28 235,72 79 + 376 = 0
H1 =

Verificare:
I X 1 [ 0, l1 ]

M iH ( X 1 ) = X 1 H 1

X 1 = 0 M iH ( 0) = 0

II X 2 [ 0, l 2 ]

X 1 = l1 M iH ( l1 ) = l1 H 1 = 61,28 29 = 1777,12 Nmm

M iH ( X 2 ) = H 1 ( l1 + X 2 ) Fkr 2 X 2 M ( Fka 2 )

X 2 = 0 M iH ( 0 ) = H 1 l1 M ( Fka 2 ) = 61,28 29 182 45 = 9967,12 Nmm

X 2 = l 2 M iH ( l 2 ) = H 1 ( l1 + l 2 ) Fkr 2 l 2 M ( Fka 2 )

M iH ( l 2 ) = 61,28( 29 + 38) 182 45 79 43 = 15692,76 Nmm

III X 3 [ 0, l 3 ]

M iH ( X 3 ) = H 4 X 3

X 3 = 0 M iH ( 0) = 0

X 3 = l 3 M iH ( l 3 ) = H 4 l 3 = 235,72 37 = 8721,64 Nmm

M rez =

( M iV ) 2 + ( M iH ) 2

M rez1 = 0
M rez 2 =

( 750) 2 + ( 1777 ) 2

M rez 21 =

( 750) 2 + ( 9967 ) 2 = 9995,17 Nmm

( 18976) 2 + ( 8721) 2 = 20884,07 Nmm
( 18976 ) 2 + ( 15692 ) 2 = 24623,71Nmm

M rez 3 =

M rez 31 =

= 1928,78 Nmm

M rez 4 = 0
M ech =

( M rez ) 2 + ( M t ) 2

M ech1 = M ech 4 = 0

= 0,67

M ech 2 =

(1928,78) 2 + ( 0,67 24511,56) 2

M ech 21 =

( 9995,17 ) 2 + ( 0,67 24511,56) 2 = 19225,24 Nmm

( 20884,07 ) 2 + ( 0,67 24511,56) 2 = 26567,85 Nmm
( 24623,71) 2 + ( 0,67 24511,56 ) 2 = 29597,86 Nmm

M ech3 =

M ech 31 =

= 16535,62 Nmm

FV = 0

V1 +V3 Fct 2 = 0

V1 +V4 1028 = 0
M 1 = 0

Fct 2 l1 + V3 ( l1 + l 2 ) = 0
F l
1028 67
V3 = ct 2 1 =
= 662,27 N
l1 + l 2
67 + 37

M 3 = 0

Fct 2 l 2 V1 ( l1 + l 2 ) = 0
F l
1028 37
V1 = ct 2 2 =
= 365,73 N
l1 + l 2
67 + 37

Verificare:
I X 1 [ 0, l1 ]

662,27 + 365,73 1028 = 0

M iV ( X 1 ) = X 1 V1

X 1 = 0 M iV ( 0) = 0

X 1 = l1 M iV ( l1 ) = l1 V1 = 365,73 67 = 24503,91Nmm

II X 2 [ 0, l 2 ]

M iV ( X 2 ) = V3 X 2

X 2 = 0 M iV ( 0) = 0

X 2 = l 2 M iV ( l 2 ) = V3 l 2 = 662,27 37 = 24503,99 Nmm

FH = 0

H 1 + H 3 Fcr 2 = 0

H 1 + H 3 374 = 0

M 1 = 0

Fcr 2 l1 M ( Fca 2 ) + H 3 ( l1 + l 2 ) = 0

H3 =
M 3 = 0

Fcr 2 l1 + M ( Fca 2 ) 374 67 + 276 56,25

=
= 390,22 N
l1 + l 2
67 + 37

H 1 ( l1 + l 2 ) + Fcr 2 l 2 M ( Fca 2 ) = 0

Fcr 2 l 2 M ( Fca 2 ) 374 37 276 56,25

=
= 16,22 N
l1 + l 2
67 + 37
390,22 16,22 374 = 0
H1 =

Verificare:
I X 1 [ 0, l1 ]

M iH ( X 1 ) = X 1 H 1

X 1 = 0 M iH ( 0 ) = 0

X 1 = l1 M iH ( l1 ) = l1 H 1 = 16,22 67 = 1086,74 Nmm

II X 2 [ 0, l 2 ]

M iH ( X 2 ) = H 3 X 2

X 2 = 0 M iH ( 0) = 0

X 2 = l 2 M iH ( l 2 ) = H 3 l 2 = 390,22 37 = 14438,14 Nmm

M rez =

( M iV ) 2 + ( M iH ) 2

M rez1 = M rez 3 = 0
M rez 2 =

( 24503) 2 + ( 1086) 2

= 24527,05 Nmm

M rez 21 =

( 24503) 2 + (14438) 2

= 28440,33Nmm

M ech =

( M rez ) 2 + ( M t ) 2

= 0,67

M ech1 = 0
M ech 2 =

( 24527,05) 2 + ( 0,67 57847,64 ) 2

M ech 21 =

( 28440,33) + ( 0,67 57847,64 ) = 48073,15 Nmm

( 0,67 57847,64) 2 = 38757,91Nmm

M ech 3 =

= 45866,67 Nmm
2