Professional Documents
Culture Documents
com
2013.
, . 36
. 33 29 205; 33 49 203
E-mail:ipsbgd@eunet.rs
www.ipsbgd.edu.rs
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CONTENTS
Foreword .............................................................................................
EVERLASTING GEOPOLITICAL
AND GEOECONOMIC DYNAMICS OF EURASIA
Milos Knezevic
EUROPE VIS--VIS ASIA EURASIA:
CONTRIBUTION TO THE POSSIBLE UNDERSTANDING
OF EURASIA AND EURASIANISM ..............................................
Branko Krga
POSSIBLE BASIS OF BUILDING EURASIAN
GEOPOLITICAL SPAC ..................................................................
Zeljko . Budimir
MACKINDER`S GEOPOLITICAL ORDER AND
EURASIAN INTEGRATION ...........................................................
Nebojsa Vukovic
GEOCULTURAL EURASIAN ASPECTS IN THE WORK
OF ALEXANDER PANARIN . .........................................................
15
69
89
105
129
161
177
Ivan M. Zaric
EURASIAN GEOPOLITICAL AND GEOS TRATEGIC
PERSPECTIVES OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC
OF CHINA ..........................................................................................
Zoran Petrovic Pirocanac
ARGUMENTS WHY THE EUROASIAN UNION INSTEAD
OF EUROPEAN UNION EXEMPLE OF CHINA . ...................
Marko Pejkovic
THE GEOPOLITICS OF INDIA IN THE EURASIAN
CONTEXT ..........................................................................................
195
231
255
277
313
351
387
407
427
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Milos Knezevic
EUROPE VIS--VIS ASIA EURASIA:
CONTRIBUTION TO THE POSSIBLE UNDERSTANDING
OF EURASIA AND EURASIANISM
Resume
The land boundary between Europe and Asia is mainly im
plied, but it is almost never accurately derived. That bound
ary is geographically conventional. The dilemma if Europe is
only the furthest western and the biggest peninsula of Asia, is
being eliminated by the usual two-continental discourse. The
old continent Europa, is being treated as a special geographi
cal macro phenomenon a continent and its peninsular
character is being tentatively mentioned. On the other hand,
Eurasiansm presupposes both one-continent and two-conti
nents. If seen abstractedly and holistic, it points to the unique
land mass, while from the particular starting points within
the spatial unity, two-sidedness can be noticed.
The only two countries which by their real position and place
on the world map point to the Eurasian character are Russia
and Turkey. Both are partly European and Asian country,
respectively. Yet, Eurasianism, both in theoretical and doc
trinal approach, is mostly being associated with Russia and
its foreign policy and strategy.
In the local Eurasian overview, there is a differentiation
between positive and negative Eurasianism. The first is be
ing spotted by the positive attitudes of most Serbs towards
the Eastern, Orthodox, Slavic and Russian factor, while the
other manifests itself by the averse and negative attitudes to
wards also Eastern, but islamic Turkey.
Actually, there are two possible types of interpretation of
Eurasia: the autochthonous Eurasianism, but also indirect
and derived, allochthonous Eurasianism in the countries
that dont have Eurasian geographic character, nor represent
the Eurasian ideology. Those countries include most Balkan
people, South Slavs, Serbs and of course, Serbia.
Still, Eurasianism is on the Balkan reflected more intensly
than in other European areas. That reality is a consequence
63
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)
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85
, .
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, . .
,
:
:
,
;
,
;
.
Branko Krga
POSSIBLE BASIS OF BUILDING
EURASIAN GEOPOLITICAL SPACE
Resume
The idea of Euro-Asian integration of geopolitical realm be
came frequent arguments in theoretical discussion. However,
there is more practical movements in planning of its reali
zation. The process is still pending due to: Firstly, in Russia
where the idea is coined, the approaches differs, secondly, the
foundation of idea are still not established, the question is
where to establish those ideas of Euro-Asian Integrations,
what could be used to motivate the countries to join, its geo
graphical position, economy, security, common values, com
mon civilization, etc... Third aspect, the reality is that the
carriers of Euro-Atlantic ideas are strong opponents to new
projects which would eventually jeopardize its domination.
Serbia is divided ti its stance towards Euro-Asian idea.
Key words: geopolitical realm, Euro-atlantic idea, foun
dations of Euro-sian integrations, Euro-asia, Euro-asian
Union, Serbian stance
86
...
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87
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, , ,
, , 2011.
, , , , ,
1999.
, , ,
; , , 2013.
, , , , , 2004.
, , ,
, , 2009.
, . ., ,
, 621, , 2013.
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, , 2008.
, , - 90- 20.
, , 1-2/2009,
, , 2009.
, , , , ,
2013.
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, , 2008.
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, , , 2010.
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, ,
1-2/2009, , ,
2009.
, , ,
, , 2013.
, , , , ;
, , 2000.
88
. *
327::911.3(4/5)
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(Heartland),
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89
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,
(Halford Jhn
Mackinder, 1861-1947)
.
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.
(On
the Scope and Methods of Geography),
1887. .
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Geography)
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. ,
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91
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5 (Pivot area)
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Pivot area .
Ibidem, . 191.
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11
Brian Blouet, Global Geostrategy, Mackinder and Defence of the West, Frank Cass,
London, 2005, . 1.
12
13
1904.
.
14
95
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. Mackinder, The Round the World and the Winning of the Peace, in: (Addi
tional papers), Democratic Ideals and Reality, op.cit., . 201.
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23
Ibidem, . 85.
24
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, , .
101
Zeljko Budimir
MACKINDER`S GEOPOLITICAL ORDER
AND EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Resume
Proposed by the British geopolitician and geostrategist Hal
ford Mackinder more than a century ago, the global geopoli
tical order in his Heartland theory became a geostrategic pa
radigm of confronting major naval and continental powers.
The Heartland theory became a model for studying relations
between major Eurasian countries and the maritime (tha
lassocratic) West led by Great Britain, later followed by the
USA. Mackinders geopolitical order as a seat of global po
wer determines continental (dry-land) core of Eurasia which
he names Pivotal region or Heartland. This area is the
geostrategic key for control over the entire Eurasia. Along
with Heartland in Mackinders global political order, there
is a term Inner or Marginal crescent which encompasses
the most important countries of Eurasian rim. Outer or in
sular crescent covers the major naval powers like the USA
and Great Britain. The control over Heartland is crucial for
the Eurasian process of integration. Russia was the major
carrier of such control through entire 19th and 20th centuri
es. However, the 1990s saw the collapse of the Soviet Union,
which was a major geopolitical catastrophe for the Russian
people. Modern Russian Federation remains in control over
northern and central parts of the Heartland, whilst southern
part is now under the control of the former Soviet central
Asian Islamic states. Without the control over the Heartland,
there is no Eurasian integration, in a broader or a narrower
form. Geopolitical imperative for the modern Russian state
has to be an integration of Heartland mainly through some
form of uniting former Soviet republics with the Russian Fe
deration along with strategic alliances with the most impor
tant Eurasian countries like India and China.
Key words: geopolitics, geostrategy, geopolitical order, Eura
sia
102
...
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.
,
.
,
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.
,
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\
103
,
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,
104
316.7::911.3(4+5)+1 Panarin A.
(1940-2003)
.
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1
Milan Suboti, Put Rusije: evroazijsko stanovite, Plato, Beograd, 2004, . 247.
106
...
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(1940-2003) ,
20. 21. . 250 ,
18 .
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, , 2000, . 219.
107
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19
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26
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115
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.
Nebojsa Vukovic
GEOCULTURAL EURASIAN ASPECTS
IN THE WORK OF ALEXANDER PANARIN
Resume
Alexander Panarin (19940-2003) is one of the greatest con
temporary philosophers and political scientists of Russia.
Also, Panarin is one of the most important theoreticians of
euraisanism in Russia. His concept of the eurasianism has
some specific features:
Panarin perceives Russia as a unique civilization, whose ba
sic characteristic is russo-turanic cultural synthesis develo
ped during the centuries of common life of the russian and
the turkish (muslim) peoples. In his theory, Russia is a sort of
cultural amalgam, which facilitates communication between
West and East. Russia can be depicted as a given continuum
whose both poles mark the principle of Individualism from
46
, . 93.
123
(1940-2003)
. ,
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() .
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,
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
, .
,
,
.
125
.
: , , , ,
, , , , , 2004.
, , , ,
, , 2011.
, , ,
, , , 2000.
Laruelle, Marlne, Russian Eurasianism: an ideology of empire, Woo
drow Wilson Center Press, Washington DC, 2008.
, , (
), , , 1994.
, , :
I , i
ip, , , 2005.
, , ,
, , 2002.
, ,
, , , 2002.
, , XXI ,
, , 2004.
, , , ,
, 2006.
Suboti, Milan, Put Rusije: evroazijsko stanovite, Plato, Beograd, 2004.
126
II
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129
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130
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pitalism at Odds With Democrasy, Real-world economics review, issue 62/
december 2012, World Economics Association, Bristol, 2012.
136
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Real-world economics review, issue 57/december 2011, World Economics Asso
ciation, Bristol, 2011.
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his Bazooka is a Dud, Money Morning, September 7, 2012.
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ons, July, 2011.
22
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149
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Tim Melvin, Best Investments 2013: Why Hedge Funds Love Greece, Money
Morning, May 15, 2013.
155
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157
Momir Bulatovic
THE ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
AND LOSS OF ITS ATTRACTIVE POWER
Resume
The Serbia demonstrates the indisputable determination to
join the EU. Independently of political reason, there is no
another reason to mention for support this decision which is
supposed to protect and realize the state interests of Serbia.
The analisis shows that the EU is in a serious crisis. The
ir economic parametres in totality but also in the members
states separately cause the concern and the conflicts and de
mand the action which, because of its constructional chara
teristics, it is not able to accomplish. The divisions between
the states members are more and more deep, although the
state of their public finances looks tragically, in the way that
there are no succesful and careless states, independently of
wishes of some power member states to prove the opposite.
Given the reality and inevitability of restructuring of EU, the
Serbia would have to take into account another options as
soon as possible. Especially the possibility to join the Euroa
sian union, with Russia as leader.
Key words: financial crisis, internal disagreements beetwe
en Member States, decline in power, the European Union,
Eurasian alternative.
().
,
,
158
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Heartland-;
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(CCCWS)
161
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162
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163
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164
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. 2011.
475 , 18,7%.
2012. 514,5
, 8,5%. ,
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,
.
.
Yu Hongjun
PROMOTING CHINA-CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPE AND
CHINA-SERBIA RELATIONS TO ACHIEVE GREATER DE
VELOPMENT
Resume
Starting from Mackinder's postulates about importance of
the Central and Eastern Europe in the international affa
165
,
,
,
166
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167
Yu Hongjun*
327+339.92(510:4-11-191.2)(510:497.11)
Vice Minister of the International Development of Central Committee of Communist Party of China (IDCPC), Director of China Center for Contemporary
World Studies (CCCWS)
169
Yu Hongjun
two sides always enjoyed mutual respect, mutual trust, mutual understanding and mutual support. Our traditional friendship has
constantly deepened and cooperation in various fields has made
tremendous progress. Since we entered the new century, China
and CEE relations develop gradually in a multi-channel, widerange, and deep-level direction. First, the two-way trade grows
rapidly. In 2000, Chinas trade with CEE countries was only 3 billion U.S. dollars. In 2011, this figure came to 52.9 Billion U.S. dollars, representing an annual average growth of 32 percent. Second,
the two-way investment has been burgeoning. CEE countries have
set up approximately 2000 enterprises in China. And investment
by Chinese enterprises in these countries has also seen dynamic
growth. Third, cooperation areas have been expanding. In addition of the traditional trade and investment, our cooperation in
finance, tourism, legal service, green economy and infrastructure
has gradually increased. In the same time, the non-government
exchanges and mutual sense of identity have been constantly
strengthened. Fourth, the cooperation mechanisms have been improving. A series of bilateral agreements on economic, industrial,
scientific and technological cooperation have been signed in recent years, providing sound institutional guarantee for economic
cooperation and trade between the two sides. The joint economic
commission mechanism which has been put in place can address
major issues in our business cooperation through regular consultations. Moreover, various kinds of business forums, products
exhibitions and trade fairs we have held can provide important
platforms for business community to intensify exchange and cooperation.
Currently, the two sides are becoming increasingly interdependent with growing common interest. Enterprises from the
two sides have a strong wish for deeper cooperation. It is true
that the trade and investment scale is still relatively modest, but
as the economies of the two sides are highly complementary, we
have great potential and broad prospect for business cooperation.
China cherishes its time-honored and deep friendship with the
CEE countries. We find in you a reliable friend and key partner in
cooperation. China takes CEE as a strategic priority to implement
its market diversification and go global strategies. So, China
stands ready to work with CEE countries to innovate cooperation
171
Yu Hongjun
,
.
,
.
.
, ,
. , ,
, ,
,
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,
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. ,
.
173
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,
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, ,
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174
Yu Hongjun
, ,
. ,
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- .
.
,
. ,
.
: , ,
, , , .
175
*
**
327:620.9(510:5-191.2)
***
,
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1991.
,
.
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,
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**
***
,
. 179009,
,
177
1,
,
- ,
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,
10%,
2
, .
,
. ,
3,
,
60%
, ,
2012. 14% .
,
1
:
, , . 1, : 2011. .
,
, , Is it really possible to
decouple GDP Growth from EnergyGrowth? http://ourfiniteworld.
com/2011/11/15/is-it-rea lly-possible-to-decouple-gdp-growth-from-energygrowth/ ( 12. 2013.)
, 8,36
2012. . http://www.worldbank.org/en/
country/china
178
...
,
. 30%
, 2007.
4,
,
,
14%
BP-, 2012.
, 21,9%
5.
18,8% 6.
7,
. ,
,
.
,
.
. , 2001.
, 2001.
, ,
4
2007.
, . U.S. EIA.
per-capita
, IEA (http://www.iea.org/publications/freepubli
cations/publication/kwes.pdf),
OECD-a,
.
http://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/pdf/statistical-review/Country%20reports/
BP-Statistical-Review-China.pdf
2011.
71% , 19%, 6%, 3%,
1% 0,2%.
179
,
8. ,
, ,
,
,
60% 9. ,
,
,
, 60%
.
1990- ,
. ,
,
, 10.
,
11. ,
8
10
11
12.
2011-2015.,
180
...
.
1993.
, (2011-2013.)
60%
. 10,9
,
2013.
6,3
12. 2013.
13
23,1% 14.
.
60- XX
-
-,
,
.
,
,
, , ,
, .
11,4% ;
30%;
16%; CO2
17%; 21,66% .
12
13
: http://www.foxnews.com/world/2013/10/10/data-show-chinapassing-us-as-biggest-oil-importer-as-economic-growth-car-sales/
14
. , http://cornerstonemag.net/chinas-changing-energymix-an-interview-with-fan-bi/ ( 12. 2013.)
181
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182
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, . 1, 2011, . 363-386.
183
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,
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.
.18 ,
.
17
Emilian Kavalski, Whom to Follow? Central Asia between the EU and China,
China Report, Institut of Chinese Studies, SAGE publications, 43:1, 2007, p.52.
18
Emilian Kavalski, Whom to Follow? Central Asia between the EU and China,
op.cit.p.48.
184
...
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185
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: ,
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- () (I),
, . 1-2/2007, , , . 219-241.
, -
- () (II),
, . 3-4/2007, , ,
. 113-130.
22
Venera Galyamova, Central Asian Countries and China: Managing the Transi
tion, in Zhang Yunling (Ed.), China - Central Asian Countries: Making New Part
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Venera Galyamova, Central Asian Countries and China: Managing the Transi
tion, op.cit., p.298.
24
, . 302.
187
.
2013.,
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2009. 25
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.
,
, -
,
.26 ,
,
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.
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,
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,
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, ,
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,
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1-2/2007, , , 2007.
, ,
-
() (II), , .
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, , ,
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195
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196
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(1973). ,
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20.
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), op
.
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9.561.000 2, 22.117 1
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1. (, ),
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Carrier Ambitions: An Update, Naval War College Review, Annapolis, Vol.63,
No.1, Winter 2010. ,
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and Sino-American Relations in the 21st Century, Orbis , Foreign Policy Research
Institute, Vol.55, Issue 1, 2011.
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Coast and Near Seas to Far Seas, : The Chinese Navy: Expanding
Capabilities, Evolving Roles, (eds: P hillip C. Saunders, Christopher Yung, Michael
Swaine and Andrew Nien-Dzu Yang), Center for the Study of Chinese Military
Affairs, Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, Was
hington DC, pp. 109-140.
215
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island chain, , http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2013-08/02/con
tent_16863833.htm, 05/08/2013 Chinese naval fleet enters Pacific Ocean thro
ugh Osumi Strait, http://eng.mod.gov.cn/Photos/2013-08/23/content_4463103.
htm, 25/08/2013.
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43
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220
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ilway and Chinas Grand Strategy, Naval War College Review, Annapolis, Summer
2013, Vol.66, No.3. p.53. ,
(Wang Jisi),
,
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lancing of Chinas Geostrategy, International and Strategic Studies Report, Center
for International and Strategic Studies, Peking, No.73, October 2012.
224
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225
Ivan M. Zaric
EURASIAN GEOPOLITICAL AND GEOSTRATEGIC PER
SPECTIVES OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Resume
Geopolitical changes in the modern world have led to a diffe
rent roles of individual international subject related to their
Cold War position. The most significant change was obser
ved related to the position of PR China, which is, due to its
economical growth, searching the way to redefine its appro
ach to international affairs. Strong Chinese economic growth
produced the rise of its military power, while the geograp
hic concentration of industry in coastal areas has led to the
shifting of its geopolitical pivot from continental toward sea
power strategic option, putting China into a position of gre
at power that can generate integrated geopolitical, land-sea
orientation. Active approach to two strategic directions in
the future will be closely linked, given that further strengthe
ning of the primary thalasocratic option largely depends on
maintaining a situation of reduced strategic pressure at the
Eurasian flank. In order to maintain a situation of reduced
strategic pressure at thelurocratic direction, Chinese basis ac
tion toward Eurasia will be economic initiatives. The goal
of these initiatives will be making favorable relations with
Eurasian countries, especially with Russia, having in mind
the history of relations between those two countries. Thala
socratic direction will be primary Chinese geopolitical ori
entation, with objective to prevent the U.S. containment in
the Asia- Pacific region and to create favorable geostrategic
conditions to meet the national interests at both oceans, the
Pacific and the Indian, which are vital for the Peoples Repu
blic of China.
Key words: geopolitics, geostrategy, geoeconomics, energy
security, China, Eurasia.
226
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227
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, , , 2007.
, , , ,
, , 2012, vol. 64, . 1.
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am - The Reality, and Strategic Consequences, of Seaborne
Imports, Naval War College Review, Spring 2010, Vol. 63, No.
2.
, ,
, ,
, , . 3/2009.
Zhengyu, Wu, Toward Land or toward Sea?: The High-Speed Rail
way and Chinas Grand Strategy, Naval War College Review,
Annapolis, Summer 2013, Vol.66, No.3
Levantes, Loui se, When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the
Dragon Throne, 1405-1433, Oxford University Press, New
York and Oxford, 1994.
Li, Nan, Weuve, Christopher, Chinas Aircraft Carrier Ambitions: An
Update, Naval War College Review, Annapolis, Vol.63, No.1,
Winter 2010.
Li, Nan, The Evolution of Chinas Naval Strategy and Capabilities: From
Near Coast and Near Seas to Far Seas, : The
Chinese Navy: Expanding Capabilities, Evolving Roles, (editors
Phillip C. Saunders, Christopher Yung, Michael Swaine and
Andrew Nien-Dzu Yang), Center for the Study of Chinese Mi
litary Affairs, Institute for National Strategic Studies, National
Defense University, Washington,DC, 2011.
Lo, Bobo, Axis of Convenience: Moscow, Beijing, and the New Geopoli
tics, Brookings Institution Press, Chatham House, Washing
ton, D.C. and London, 2008.
228
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Zoran Petrovic Pirocanac
ARGUMENTS WHY THE EUROASIAN UNION INSTEAD
OF EUROPEAN UNION EXEMPLE OF CHINA
Resume
The idea of harmony, which emerges from the Chinese cul
ture since milleniums, is enriched today by the principles of
the authentic non allignement too, and by the efforts for the
development of all countries of the world, for the diminishing
of the powerty, and a chance for all to have a sustainable
development. China, as an important lever of the BRICS, is
a good example for the justifiableness of all assertions on a
planetary prospective of gradual uniting of countries on the
principles qualitatively different from thoseimposed to the
world by the American/NATO - economic - political - mi
litary conception. BRICS emerges not only as a powerfull
international institution, united in the principle of the more
just organizing of the economic life of the important part of
the planet, but also as a space which clearly wants more har
mony in relationships and a life for a future too. With this
deep entering into the waters of the nonalignment BRICS
meets, as a matter of fact, the philosophical principles of the
ancient Chinese Confucian geopolitics. Serbia, for a long ti
me tortured by the choice of which way to go, its political
class first of all, at this hour too, does not know where are the
allies. The author sees BRICS as an option that will help to
our country to relatively quickly straighten itself, to move to
wards development helped by the more decided relationships
with BRICS, after decades of stagnation and decline, dange
rous for its survival. Throwing light upon economic and poli
tical principles of China, the author finally also supports re
solutely the realization of the century long Serbian economic
251
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, Full Spectrum Dominance,
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254
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, , , , 2000, .
209-210.
H.J. Mackinder, Democratic ideals and reality, Constable and company LTD,
London, 1919, pp. 90, 94.
256
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257
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Syam Saran, Present dimensions of the Indian foreign policy, : Indian Foreign
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, . .
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10
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11
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Ibid, p. 214.
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Shivshankar Menon, Indias Foreign Policy: The Challenges Ahead, (Talk delive
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),
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,
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,
.
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),
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.
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.
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,
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Harsh V. Pant, Contemporary Debates in Indian Foreign and SecurIty Policy, Pal
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2004-2009.
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.20
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1,77
1 3,
50 .21
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.22 , ,
, .23
.
17
18
http://www.jagran.com/news/
national-aircraft-carrier-gorshkov-to-begin-final-acceptance-trials-10534578.
html (1.9.2013)
19
20
http://indiainbusiness.nic.in/trade/trade_commercial_relation.html (1.9.2013)
21
22
23
http://hindi.ruvr.ru/2011/12/17/62402143/
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.
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,
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.24
.
,
.
.
.
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,
.
2006.
()
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,
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,
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-,
24
Rup Narayan Das, The BRICS New Delhi Summit: The Way Forward, Indian
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26
262
...
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,
.30 ,
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le4715350.ece (2.9.2013)
28
29
: http://www.
deshbandhu.co.in/newsdetail/185740/1/20 (2.9.2013)
30
263
( -
), .31
- :
-
,
.32
,
()
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2005. ,
,
, ,
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/
(, , ).
,
.35
.
31
32
Anjali Ghosh, The New India-US Relationship, in: Indias Foreign Policy (ed:
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Rup Narayan Das, India-China Relations A New Paradigm, Institute for Defen
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Ibid, p. 94.
35
264
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.
,
.
1962. .
.
, .
,
. ,
. ,
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- 1962.
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,
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,
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265
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.
, ,
2007.
. ,
, -
, 2007.
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.
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.
,41 .
. -
, , .42
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.
38
39
40
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Abhijit Ghosh, op. cit., p. 174; David M. Malone, op. cit., p. 188;
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,
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.
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: 1)
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3)
.
Milomir Stepic
GEOGRAPHIC AND ETHNO-CIVILIZATION
FOUNDATIONS OF THE EURASIAN GEOPOLITICAL
INTEGRATION OF SERBIA
Resume
Integration processes have become a synonim of the postmodern period. Globalization, as the creation of the overall
planetary system, is projected as the ultimate outcome, and
the Western, transatlantic integrations are functioning in
that direction. Their expansion is in uncompromising con
flict against any kind of resistance. The political nomencla
ture of Serbia has proclaimed its pro-Western orientation as
without alternative under the endless ultimative requests.
That course is being justified by the still outstanding super
iority of trans-Atlanticism, personified in EU and NATO,
and also by the fact that their expansion has already inclu
ded most of Serbian neighbours. However, the analysis of the
long-term, strategic wold geopolitical trends puts in question
306
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644257B160051BF7F
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VZGLJAD_S_KARUSELI.html
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Elena Georgievna Ponomareva
RUSSIAN ENERGY DIPLOMACY AS A FACTOR
OF EURASIAN INTEGRATION (SERBIAN EXAMPLE)
Summary
Energy diplomacy is in modern conditionsone of the most
effective mechanisms to promote state interests in global eco
nomy and politics. This relatively new type of foreign policy
is a logical consequence of the development of society in postindustrial era, when the energy component determines the
strength, weight and role of a state in the world economy.
That is precisely why energy diplomacy is one of Russian
priorities. A special place among spaces associated with the
energy interests of the Russian Federation is undoubtedly oc
cupied by the Balkans, namely, Serbia. It is not only con
nected with the construction of the South Stream and the
activity of Zarubezhneft and other Russian companies in
the region, but also determined by political and geostrategic
return of Russia in this historically and culturally close and
important region and by including it into the Eurasian inte
gration project.
Key words: energy diplomacy, geopolitics, South Stream,
Eurasian integration, Serbia,Russia
327
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. ,
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39
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40
National Security Strategy of the United States of America, May 2010, http://
www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/rss_viewer/national_security_strategy.
pdf
41
42
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373
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43
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, 17, 13 2009 , http://news.kremlin.ru/ref_notes/424
44
. , , . 12
45
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, http://fakti.org/globotpor/quo-vadis-orbi/ivasov-amerika-posta
je-globalni-bandit-zato-od-obame-pravi-novog-firera (9. 9. 2013.)
374
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47
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375
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49
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50
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376
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53
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1 (1637), , 2013, . 5. , . .
.
.
377
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, de facto, de jure,
.
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,
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.
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).
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. ,
.
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. (
378
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, ,
.
- .
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.
.
.
,
. .
2011. ,
,
.
.
.
54.
,
.
55.
.
,
.
.
,
.
54
, . 11
55
, . 11
379
. ,
,
.
.
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.
.
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.
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.
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. Modus vivendi
- .
381
, ,
.
,
.
,
,
.
Branimir Kuljanin
...
alien
ation of political elites, and even the people themselves,
as the result of its own recklessness and modern war waged
against them.
The world enters into a global depression which is likely to
lead to the emergence of macro-region, a kind of restoration
of the old empires. Russia has the capacity to develop infra
structure with which it creates its macro-region relying on
the historical and cultural ties with fellow countries.
Key words: The Fourth World War, the Byzantine civiliza
tion, Slavs, Muslims, political ideology, Indo-European ide
as, geopolitical strategy, global depression.
,
,
.
1991 ., .
, ,
,
: 1)
, 2)
3) -, ..
-.
- ,
.
?
, ,
,
383
. :
?
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,
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.
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,
.
,
,
.
: a ,
, , ,
, - ,
,
, ., ,
, 5, , 2013.
, ., ,
, 1 (1637), , 2013.
, , , , , 1999.
, ,
-.: M, M, 2011.
, , , 1 2,
, , 2008.
, , ,
(. , .),
- , , 2012.
384
...
, , ,
, 2/2012,
, , 2012.
, , ,
, , 2010.
, ,
, 3/4 (1632), , 2012.
, , , , ,
1996.
, ., ,
,
, M, 1995.
, ., ,
, 2000.
, ., , , ,
2001.
, .,
. http://www.
patriotica.ru/books/panar_globprog/
, ., , , ,
2006.
, ., (),
5, , 2013.
, .,
, , , 2009.
, M, ,
, , 2004.
, .,
, , ,
, , 2003.
, ., ,
, , , 1995.
, , ,
, http://fakti.org/globotpor/quo-va
dis-orbi/ivas ov-amer ika-postaj e-glob alni-bandit-zato-odobame-pravi-novog-firera (9. 9. 2013.)
, -, M, 2008.
385
386
327::911.3(497)
. ,
divide et impera,
,
.
Rimland-o
. , Rimland-
,
.
. ,
,
.
: , ,
, , , ,
, .
, .
387
,
(Samuel Huntington)
.
( )
(Arnold Toynbee). ,
- ( ):
, , --,
, , , , , (
) (-).
,
( - )
: ,
.
, -
,
1.
,
,
: ,
, , , , , ,
( ), , ,
, -,
-, -,
, , ,
, , .
, ,
: , , - 2.
1
, . , , 1994,
. 104-105, 310-391.
388
, ...
. (Carol Kegley),
, , ,
,
:
, , , , , ,
, . ,
:
. ,
,
.
1993-1994. a
(15 20 ),
3.
,
, .
4.
, ( !?)
.
.
,
, .
,
.
, .
, ,
!?
( ):
, , 5. ( 1)
3
, (Muslim World). ,
, .
389
1:
: http://www.pewresearch.org
,
. (
) : -
-, .
,
,
(Gamal Abdel Nasser)
( ),
6.
:
,
,
.
,
.
(, , , ,
),
(, , , , ,
, , ,
)7. ,
6
:
Haled Fuam Alam, Globalni islam. Slubeni glasnik, Beograd, 2012, str. 17-55.
, . ,
390
, ...
, ,
.
(!)
?
,
.
, ,
. ( 2)
2:
: http://www.pewresearch.org
,
,
,
. ,
,
: , , , ,
, ,
(West bank) ,
.
: Mark Graham, How Islam Created the Modern World. Amana Publi
cations, Beltsville/Maryland, 2006.
391
8. ,
,
. , ,
.
, , ,
, .
(Alfred Mahan)
(1660-1783)
9.
: SP=N+MM+NB10.
,
,
:
11. , ,
.
(Nicolas Spykman),
,
8
, , ,
.
10
11
Alfred T. Mahan, The Problem of Asia and Its Effects upon International Policies.
Little, Brown, and Co, Boston, 1900, pp. 63-65, 25.
392
, ...
.
,
: , 12.
(
) .
, (He
artland),
. ,
, ,
, ,
. :
, a
. ,
,
,
,
13. (Saul Co
hen), :
( : ) -
, ; )
; ) .) (
: ) (Heartland)
; )
)14.
,
.
,
, 20.
12
Nicolas J. Spykman, The Geography of the Peace. Harcourt, Brace and Co, New
York, 1944, pp. 16, 17, 46, 446.
13
14
Sul Cohen, Geography and Politics in a World Divided. Random House, New
York, 1963, pp. 58-62.
393
. ,
(Zbigniew Brzezinski),
.
,
.
,
. , ,
,
15.
,
16. (US Grand Stra
tegy) 20.
:
, ,
, 17.
. M,
.
( )
;
. , ,
,
(
)18.
, , ,
,
15
16
, :
. CID, , 2004, . 14.
17
, , ,
13, 1/2012, , 2012. : www.geopolitika.ru/Articles/1361
18
, :
21. . ; , , 2012, . 431.
394
, ...
(
),
.
,
, , ,
, , .
,
,
, ! ,
,
, 19.
1989. .
( Major non-NATO ally)
- .
1989. ,
, , ;
: (1996),
(1997), (1998), (2002),
(2003), , (2004),
(2012). 2012.
,
2002. ,
( 2002.
). ( 3)
19
,
(),
().
.
395
3: -
,
1952. ,
20. . ,
.
-
(Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud)
1991.
20.
, 21.
,
,
20
Abir Mordechai, The Succesion od Saudi King Abdallah, the Oil Market and Regio
nal Politics. U: Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, Vol. 5, No. 2, Jerusalem, 2005.
: http://jcpa.org/article/the-succession-of-saudi-king-abdallah-theoil-market-and-regional-politics
21
, 2009.
( : http://foreignaffa
irs.house.gov/?id=631).
( : http://militaryba
ses.com/overseas/qatar/al-udeid),
2006. .
396
, ...
(
, ,
,
). ,
,
, ,
, , ,
,
.
22. (!)
.
.
,
, :
.
,
,
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(, ),
.
. :
, ;
,
,
,
; ;
... ,
,
.
22
397
.
, ,
,
-
.
,
.
(Inner crescent),
,
, O
: Rimland! Rimland ,
( ),
23.
Rimland-,
.
. ,
,
,
24.
.
:
23
Nicolas J. Spykman, The Geography of the Peace, Harcourt, Brace and Co, New
York, 1944, p. 17.
24
, ,
.
, ,
; : ,
-; : , .
398
, ...
;
, . ,
- ,
;
,
25.
(
),
, ( ),
26.
,
? ,
?
, ,
-
. ,
, ,
, . ,
25
. ,
.
, .
, ,
,
,
. . 2012.
,
, ,
.
26
399
,
.
() .
,
,
. ,
,
.
-
,
.
(!)
,
.
,
: New Age Civic Religion.
(melting pot) !
,
,
27.
. ,
(,
, ) (
)
, ,
.
?
! ,
,
27
400
, ...
28
, , . 2, , , 2004, .
90.
29
-
-
: Petr N. Savickij, estina svta. Rusko jako zempisn a historick celek. Melan
trich, Praha 1933, str. 147-148.
401
,
( )
.
-
,
- .
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
.
.30
, ( ).
.
,
. ,
.
,
30
402
, ...
.
, ( )
,
. ,
,
. ,
.
.
Dusan Prorokovic
EURASIAN
ISM, ATLANTICISM AND THEORY
OF CLASH OF CIVILIZATIONS IN THE BALKANS
Resume
Contrary to widely extended hypothesis about inevitable
clash of civilizations, orthodox Christians and Muslim pe
ople on the Balkans have to think about the cooperation of
civilizations. The clash of civilizations between orthodox
Christians and Muslims on the Balkans would be damaging
for both sides and at the end would only contribute to put
ting this region under strong and total control of the West.
That is why the existing differences must be solved and the
rising of new differences must be prevented. This can only
be done by changing the existing geopolitical paradigm and
turning towards the euroasianism. This seems to be the only
way to keep the basic cultural and spiritual values which can
significantly help in keeping ethno-religious balance. Only in
such circumstances can there be a talk about stabilization of
relations and mutual cooperation.
Key words: Atlanticism, Eurasianism, The Clash of Civi
lizations, Islam, Orthodoxy, Geo-strategy, Geopolitics and
Balkan.
403
,
.
.,
.
. ,
, -
.
.
: , ,
, , , ,
,
404
, ...
, , , ,
, 1994.
, , , . 2, ,
, 2004.
Graham, Mark, How Islam Created the Modern World. Amana Publica
tions, Beltsville/Maryland, 2006.
, , , CID, , 2000.
Hofbauer, Hanes, Proirenje EU na istok: Od Drang nah Osten do perife
rije EU integracije, Filip Vinji, Beograd, 2004.
Khan, Mohammad Sharif, Saleem, Mohammad, Anwar, Muslim Philo
sophy And Philosophers, Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi,
1994.
Mahan, Alfred, The Problem of Asia and Its Effects upon International
Policies. Little, Brown, and Co, Boston, 1900. [Kindle version]
Mekinder, Halford, Demokratski ideali i stvarnost, Metaphysica, Beo
grad, 2009.
Maluf, min, Poremeenost sveta, Laguna, Beograd, 2009.
Mordechai, Abir, The Succesion od Saudi King Abdallah, the Oil Mar
ket and Regional Politics. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs,
Vol. 5, No. 2, Jerusalem, 2005. ( : http://jcpa.org/
article/the-succession-of-saudi-king-abdallah-the-oil-mar
ket-and-regional-politics)
, , :
21. , : ,
, 2012.
Rex, John, Secular Substitutes for Religion in the Modern World,
,
, , 2007.
, , ,
, 13, , 2012. ( : www.geo
politika.ru/Articles/1361)
Savickij, Petr, N., estina svta. Rusko jako zempisn a historick celek,
Melantrich, Praha, 1933.
Spengler, Osvald, Znik Zpadu. Obrysy morfologie svtovch djin,
Academia, Praha,2010.
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York, 1944.
405
406
. *
327:911.3+339.92(497.11:4/5)
.
,
.
:
?
?
?
,
.
.
.
,
.
, ,
,
.
: , ,
, ,
.
-
.
*
, .
407
.
. ,
.
. .
, .
?
? ?
, .
,
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. ,
, ,
,
.
. .
,
408
.1
. 2
3
. .4
.5
. ,
.
.
,
.
, -.
.6
. ,
. ,
.
1
: ,
,
, , 2013.
Karl Ernst Haushofer, Geopolitics of the Pacific Ocean and Studies in the Relationship Between Geography and History (English translation and analysis),
Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston, 2002.
. , .
. , , . 165.
409
, ,
. ,
.
.
- . -
, ()
. .
,
.
o
-.
,
. .
.
.
.
,
, ,
, .
.
,
,
.
,
. .
.
.7
, .
,
. ,
,
,
7
Milomir Stepi, Geopolitika orijentacija Srbije: evroatlantizam i/ili evroazijstvo, Megatrend revija, vol. 2 (2), Megatrend univerzitet, Beograd, 2005. str. 10.
410
.
.
, ,
. -
.
.
.
. ,
. , , ,
,
.
.
:
?
?
:
. . ,
. ,
:
8.
.
, ,
.
. .
8
. ( ), ,
, , , 1945 1949.
411
.9
:
. , .
,
, .
.
.
. - ,
de facto, - .
-.
.10
.
, .
,
,
,
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.
( ),
. (...) , ,
.
.11
.
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9
10
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412
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?
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.
. ,
, ,
.
413
12
,
.
?
. .
.
16. . 19.
.
, . ,
, .
.
.
, ,
. .
.
1948. . 1990.
.
,
.
.
.
. , , ,
, ,
.
, ,
,
.
.
12
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, ,
128, , 2009, . 7-20.
414
,
;
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.
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.
. , 21.
.
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, .
.
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13
. . . . ( ), - :
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8-9.
415
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. 18,7 2
.
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.
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,
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2004.
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. . , . , . 9.
416
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, volens-nolens,
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417
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8,38%. 2012.
98,03% 79,01%
. ,
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0,88%, 11,81%. ( 1)
421
1: 2010 2012.
2010.
:
()
2011.
%
4,235,200,000 57.28
2,468,149,000 33.38
403,400,000 5.46
53,000,000 0.72
5,400,000 0.07
228,251,000
2010
: ( )
7,068,700,000
1,096,740,000
1,630,500,000
193,300,000
904,300,000
1,728,460,000
12,622,000,000
3.09
()
2012.
%
4,868,500,000 57.67
2,599,472,000 30.79
567,700,000 6.72
57,100,000 0.68
10,900,000 0.13
337,728,000
2011
( )
4.01
56.00
8.69
12.92
1.53
7.16
7,907,000,000 55.49
1,229,226,000 8.63
1,906,000,000 13.37
207,100,000 1.45
1,068,800,000 7.50
13.70
1,931,874,000 13.56
100
14,250,000,000
100
()
5,132,300,000 60.15
2,555,708,000 29.96
675,800,000 7.92
76,700,000 0.90
15,800,000 0.19
75,200,000
2012
( )
0.88
8,600,300,000 59.5
1,211,384,000 8.38
1,608,000,000 11.13
246,500,000 1.71
1,078,900,000 7.47
1,706,000,000 11.81
14,451,084,000
100
: .
-
, .
.
,
, ,
, ,
.
422
, , -,
.
. -
.
, .16
- .
.
. ,
.
,
.
, .
.
,
. ,
, .
16
423
Blagoje S. Babic
SERBIA AND NEO-EUROASIA: GEOECONOMIC ASPECT
Resume
Maneuver room for Serbia in the realm of world geopolitics
is very narrow. In world geo-economy this room is a bit la
ger, if ultimately not limited by geopolitical reasons. In such
an environment Serbia is confronted with serious challenges:
Whether to persist on Switzerland type of neutrality? Whet
her the road to Europe is the solution without any alter
native? Whether the Euro-Asia is a better solution? Alt
hough Serbia today is in extremely unfavorable geopolitical
environment, she may not accept the role of an object of the
world geopolitics. She has to be its subject notwithstanding
of the conditioning of her sovereignty. She may not cede her
destiny to anybody else. As innumerable factors determine
the development in international relations, it is not possible
to foresee exactly the shaping of the relations of forces in the
world. That is why in the present relationship of forces in
Europe Serbia may not take any choice as choice without
alternative, to avoid a permanent blackmailing.
Key words: geopolitics, geoeconomics, neutrality, European
Union, Eurasia
.
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Aleksandar Sasa Gajic
INSIDE GEOPOLITICAL GAP:
SERBIA BETWEEN EU AND EURASIAN UNION
Resume
This paper observes geopolitical position of Serbia and Ser
bian lands in the 21. century as a result of geostrategic de
composition at the end of 20. century, when the whole Balkan
area was transformed into the space of domination of atlan
tists geopolitical option while Russian continental influence
has been dramatically decreased. In geostrategic sense, Serbs
and surrounding countries inhabited by Serb went, from
phase of semi-encirclement, throughout last half decade, in
to position of almost fully encirclement with EU and NATO
26
, , ,
, 2010, . 27. , 2010. http://www.fes.ba/publikacije/RUSI
JA201009-1.pdf
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grad-postane-cet vrt i-glavn i-grad-evroa z ijske-unij e.html,
13.09.2013
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rusiia-i-balkan-preko-beograda.html, 12.09.
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, 2008.
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, , , 2010 http://www.
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Spykman, Nicholas, The Geography of Peace, Harcourt, Brace&Co, New
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446
CIP -
,
911.3::327(497.11)19/20(082)
911.3::327(4)19/20(082)
911.3::327(5)19/20(082)
/
. - : , 2013 (
: ). - 446 . : . ; 25 cm. - ( ; . 4)
300. - . 9-11: / . -
. -
. - Summary, .
ISBN 978-86-7419-268-9
a) - - 20-21 - b)
- - 20-21 - c) - 20-21 - d) - - 20-21 - e)
- - 20-21 - f)
- - 20-21 -
COBISS.SR-ID 202444812
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9 788674 192689