CHAPTER 3

MATTER

3.1 Matter has mass and occupies space

State that things have mass and occupy space
Explain the meaning of matter
Relate things and matter
Carry out activities to show that air, water, soil and
living things have mass and occupy space

Click on page as long as red bullet still exist

Matter
What is Matter?

1. All things can be divided into matter and non-matter.

2. Anything that has mass and occupies space is matter.

Eq:
Water , air, book, soil and living things

3. Matter has weight because its mass is acted upon by

the earth’s gravity

4. Matter has volume as it occupies space

5. Examples of non-matter include:

light, sound, heat and electricity
Matter

Solid Gas

Liquid
3 States of Matter

Solid Liquid Gas

 Comparison between the 3 states of matter
Aspects Solid Liquid Gas
(a) Diagramatic
representation

(a) Arrangement of Closely packed Less compact and Very far apart from
particles together in an not in an orderly each other
orderly arrangement
arrangement
(c) Space between Very small Small Large
particles
(d) Movement of Vibrate / spin in Move gliding past Move randomly at
particles fixed positions one another fast speed
(e) Attractive Very strong Moderately strong Very weak
forces between
particles
(f) Shape Definite Follows the shape Follows the shape
of the container of container
(g) Volume Definite Definite Occupy the
container
(h) Density High Moderate Low
(except Mercury)
 The concept of density

1. Density is defined as mass per unit volume

Density = Mass
Volume

2. The unit for density is g/cm3. A more practical unit is kg/m3

3. In order to find the density of an irregular object

4. In order to find the density of an irregular object, we have

to find the:
- mass (by using a beam balance)
- Volume (by using water displacement method)
5. The density of water is 1.0 g/cm3.

6. A substance that has a density lower than 1.0 g/cm3 will

float in water.

7. A substance that has a density higher than 1.0 g/cm3 will

sink in water
Icebergs are huge ice
formations. How much of of the
ice is actually under the water?
What is the density of ice? Is
ice denser than water?
What do you understand by the
expression ‘tip of an iceberg’?
 Air
cork density 0.001 g/cm3
density 0.24 g/cm3

Corn oil
Density 0.9 g/cm3

ice
density 0.92 g/cm3

Water
Density 1.0 g/cm3

glass glycerin
Density 2.5 g/cm3 density 1.3 g/cm3
We choose woods we choose wood to build rafts and boats because
wood can float on water. The
density of wood is less than the density of water and so it floats.

Raft

Boat
 Hot air balloon
Air is less dense than water

Do dropper test
1. 20 cm3 of a substance has a mass of 52 g.

What is its density?

Does it float or sink in water?
2.6 g/cm3

2.

T U T
S S U

S, U, T
SMK Perempuan Likas
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