Presentation

The Internet, Intranets, and

Extranets

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Group members

 Muhammad Shafique
 Umair Qyume
 Farhan Adeel
 Tahir Ishfaq
 Rao Khalil
 Sabahat Naheed
 Fatima Zaheer
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Internet & History

 Internet:-
The Internet is a huge and ever-
growing network that links computers
and computer networks around the
world.

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Internet & Networking
 The internet
– A network of networks
– The internet transmits data from one computer
(called a host) to another
 Internet networks
– Linked networks that work much the same way
-- they pass data around in packets, each of
which carries the addresses of its sender and
receiver
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Internet ‘Discussion

A global network connecting millions of computers. As of 1999, the

Internet has more than 200 million users worldwide, and that number
is growing rapidly. More than 100 countries are linked into
exchanges of data, news and opinions.

Unlike online services, which are centrally controlled, the Internet is

decentralized by design. Each Internet computer, called a host, is
independent. Its operators can choose which Internet services to
use and which local services to make available to the global Internet
community. Remarkably, this anarchy by design works exceedingly
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Internet Service Providers

 Internet service provider (ISP)

– Any company that provides individuals or
companies with access to the Internet
– Thousands of providers including large
communications companies
– Need an account with the ISP and software that
links with TCP/IP

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 ISP Examples
Internet Service Provider Web Address
AT&T WorldNet Service www.att.com
Digex, Inc. www.digex.net
GTE Internetworking www.gte.net
IBM Internet Connection www.ibm.net
MCI Internet www.mci2000.com
Netcom On-Line Communication www.netcom.com
Services
PSINet, Inc. www.psinet.com
Sprint Internet Services www.sprint.net
UUNet Technologies, Inc. www.us.uu.net

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Internet Services
– E-mail
– Telnet
– FTP
– Usenet and newsgroups
– Chat rooms
– Internet phone
– Internet videoconferencing
– Content streaming
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Internet Services

 Internet telephony
– Also called voice-over-IP (VOIP)
• Technology that enables network managers to route
phone calls and fax transmissions over the same
network they use for data

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Uses Of Internet
 (1) Identify problems and possibilities by using links to
surf among Internet sites to discover the range of data
that is available, e.g., surfing serendipity.

 (2) Search for information to solve a problem by using

a search engine or an Internet site.

 (3) Obtain information when users know what they

want by accessing a specific Internet site or by using a
search engine to link to a specific Internet site address.

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Uses Of Internet

(4) Communicate with others via e-mail,

file transfer, chat mode, and eventually
videoconferencing.

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Internet Drawbacks

 Management issues
– No centralized governing body for the Internet
 Service bottlenecks
– Phenomenal growth has left a service void
– Providers underestimating computing power
needed
– Reconciling router addresses needed to
transverse the network
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 The World Wide Web

 World Wide Web

• A collection of tens of thousands of independently-
owned computers that work together as one in an
Internet service

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 WWW Terminology
 Web browser
• Software that creates a unique hypermedia-based
menu on your computer screen and provides a
graphical interface to the Web
 Web page
• A screen of information sent to a requesting user
and presented through a browser
 Applet
• A small program embedded in Web pages

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Intranets and Extranets

 Intranet
• An internal corporate network built using Internet
and World Wide Web standards and products that
allows employees of an organization to gain access
to corporate information
 Extranet
• A network based on Web technologies that links
selected resources of the intranet of a company with
its customers, suppliers, or other business partners

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Intranet ‘Discussion’

A network based on TCP/IP protocols (an internet) belonging to an

organization, usually a corporation, accessible only by the
organization's members, employees, or others with authorization. An
intranet's Web sites look and act just like any other Web sites, but
the firewall surrounding an intranet fends off unauthorized access.

Like the Internet itself, intranets are used to share information.

Secure intranets are now the fastest-growing segment of the
Internet because they are much less expensive to build and manage
than private networks based on proprietary protocols.
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Extranet ‘Discussion’

A new buzzword that refers to an intranet that is partially

accessible to authorized outsiders. Whereas an intranet resides
behind a firewall and is accessible only to people who are members
of the same company or organization, an extranet provides various
levels of accessibility to outsiders. You can access an extranet only
if you have a valid username and password, and your identity
determines which parts of the extranet you can view.

Extranets are becoming a very popular means for business partners

to exchange information.
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Firewall

 Firewall…
• A device that sits between your internal network
and the outside Internet and limits access into and
out of your network based on your organization’s
access policy

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Have a
nice day… Encryption
software
running on
sending
computer

E%$&:”}{|…

Decryption Have a
nice day…
software
running on
Receiving
computer

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
  Ask

Questions?

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES
 Thanks

ITEC 1010 Information and Organizations

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES