EDC

E NVI R ONME NT AL DE S I GN + CONS T R U CT I ON
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P R OF E S S I ONAL
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NEW CONST RUCT I ON
12 PARKING, ATHLETICS AND WATER CONSERVATION
A Tennessee college preparatory school parks a soccer field on a garage
to aid in capturing stormwater. By Derrick Teal
18 WIRELESS ENERGY HARVEST
Passive design and wireless technologies help a Utah home conserve energy.
By Jim OCallaghan
OPERAT I ONS + MANAGEMENT
21A GREEN BUILDINGS MEAN GREEN CLEANING
Help enhance facility care with sustainable floor cleaning equipment and
practices. By Brian Simmons
AEC/OM SOLUT I ONS
21C THE UPS AND DOWNS OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Lifts still offer unused potential for improving energy efficiency, and thus
reducing operating costs. By Dieter Roas
21E ARE WE LEAVING A POISONED CHALICE?
Our lack of environmental action today could have serious impacts on the
future generations of the planet. By Steve Ashkin
22 MOVING MORE THAN JUST AIR
How large-diameter, low-speed fans improve comfort and indoor air quality.
By Nina Wolgelenter
26 BENCHMARKING EMERGES
As energy and water performance mandates are adopted in cities, concerned
suburban and rural communities can progress benchmarking at the grassroots
level. By Daniel Overbey, AIA, LEED AP BD+C
27A A HISTORY OF SUSTAINABILITY
The values of past landscape architecture inspire todays greener
communities. By Thomas R. Tavella, FASLA
28 LEED PILOT CREDITS: CREATING OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY & SAVINGS
Energy Jumpstart and Demand Response move LEEDs attention to energy
forward. By Brendan Owens
31 REPAIRING OUR EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATION
The longer we wait to fix U.S. schools, the more itll cost us in the long run.
By Rachel Gutter
mar ch. 2013 vol . 16 no. 3
contents
I N EVERY I SSUE
Editors Note 6
New + Notable 8
Advertisers Index 34
Tree(s): 68 Solid Waste: 8,397 LB Water: 66,425 GAL Air Emissions: 21,827 LB
EDCS USE OF ROLLAND ENVIRO100 PRINT INSTEAD OF
VIRGIN FIBERS PAPER REDUCED ITS ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT BY:
ON THE COVER: K-12 SCHOOLS
LIKE NASHVILLES MONTGOMERY BELL
ACADEMY ARE DOING WHAT THEY CAN
TO BECOME MORE SUSTAINABLE. SEE PAGE
12 FOR THE FULL STORY. IMAGE COURTESY
2011 JIM ROOF CREATIVE INC.
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6 edc mar ch. 2013
When school districts
are confronted with the issue
of building a new facility or
renovating an existing one,
employing a sustainable design
should be a no brainer. But its
not. Why is that?
A large, national publication
in the U.S. recently published
an article regarding the failed
promises of green schools.
Specifically, it was stated that in
some LEED-certified schools the
expected energy savings werent
being actualized. But careful
examination of the article makes
it clear that the failings had less
to do with the designs as it had to
do with the operations.
You can build a green building,
but doesnt mean its going to
be operated that way, says Dr.
Sharon Jaye, D.Ed, SFP, the assis-
tant director of Facilities and the
campus sustainability coordinator
for The Westminster Schools in At-
lanta. Its the behavioral element
that also needs to be addressed.
Training is a big issue, and that
may be a piece thats missing in a
lot of places, she adds, stat-
ing that her own employer has
recognized this and dedicated a lot
of time and effort to educate the
people using the buildings, as well
as those operating them.
This disconnect is often seen
in many sustainably designed
facilitiesnot just schools. Its
something that is being ad-
dressed with IFMAs Sustainabil-
ity Facility Professional (SFP)
credential and LEED-EB, but the
green building community needs
to keep pushing this message.
As Rachel Gutter points out in
her article on page 31, the state
of many U.S. schools is abysmal.
Itll take hundreds of billions of
dollars to get much of the U.S.
K-12 stock up to todays stan-
dards. If its going to take that
much money from an already
cash-strapped market segment,
wouldnt it make sense to con-
struct buildings that would save
money the longer theyre in use,
especially given that U.S. schools
tend to get employed for a long,
long time, and instead educate
the users and operators?
For the sake of argument,
say that the users and op-
erators are able to achieve the
energy savings promised. Does
that make a green school better
for students? LPAs director of
MEP, Erik Ring, thinks it does.
There are hundreds of factors
that impact student achievement,
and nothing in the built environ-
ment can outweigh the impact
of a student that is excited about
learning or a teacher that is
great at her job, he says. But
we should still strive to reduce
the distractions and lost focus
that comes with poorly lit, stuffy,
noisy and unhealthy classrooms
too common in many of our
schools. And wherever we can
measure, evaluate and learn from
efforts to build greener schools,
we must. And when we can save
some operating energy costs
while making our schools better
places to learn, then that is just
extra credit.
Cheers,
DERRICK TEAL EDITOR
Why Schools Need
Sustainable Designs
EDI TORS NOTE
DIANA BROWN Group Publisher
e: brownd@bnpmedia.com p: 248.244.6258
EDITORIAL
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e: teald@bnpmedia.com p: 248.786.1645
CRISTINA TOSCANO Associate Editor
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REPRINTS
RENEE SCHUETT
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CHRISTOPHER WILSON
e: wilsonc@bnpmedia.com p: 248.244.8264
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Catherine M. Ronan Corporate Audience Audit Manager
Ann Kal b Si ngl e Copy Sal es
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CORPORATE DIRECTORS
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NIKKI SMITH Directories
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Envi ronmental Desi gn + Constr ucti on
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NEW
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CONVECTOR MADE FROM SOYBEAN STALKS
The Vertiga convector from Jaga Climate Systems is a heating solution made
from renewable and recycled material. The Vertiga uses Jagas Low-H20
low temperature and dynamic boost effect (DBE) technologies and can be
upcycled into new material at the end of its life cycle. The radiator panel is
made from post-harvest sorghum plant stalk or soybean material. The Vertiga
promotes linear air flow rather than a top down circulation system. It works with
low-temperature energy systems such as condensing boilers and heat pumps,
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temperature. Additional colors, such as black, white, navy, red and forest
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Jaga Climate Systems
Reader Service No. 110
LINEAR WOOD CEILINGS
The look of linear wood now has three new
choices in the Armstrong line of WoodWorks
ceilings, including the industrys first tapered
visual. New design options now include both
WoodWorks Linear solid wood panels with a
traditional plank visual and WoodWorks Linear
wood veneer panels with either a traditional
or unique tapered look. The veneered wood
panels measure 2 x 8 in size, and are available
in nine veneer options. WoodWorks Linear
Veneered Panels and Solid Wood Panels are FSC
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percent Biobased content certified by the USDA
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acoustical fleece. www.armstrong.com/ceilings
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LIGHTWEIGHT CEMENT TECHNOLOGY
Terra Bona Materials Terralite Cement is a lightweight, thermally insulative
material that reportedly delivers increased R-Values and performance
versus conventional lightweight concrete. Terralite Cement contains
a proprietary blend of cement binders, special additives and a tiny,
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resistant. According to the company, Terralite is 20 percent the weight of
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Terra Bona Materials
VERSATILE WALL
LUMINAIRES
Acuity Brands D-Series LED Wall
luminaires from Lithonia Lighting
feature contemporary design
combined with two sizes, three
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distribution options help to create
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The LED luminaires deliver more
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www.acuitybrands.com
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10 edc mar ch. 2013
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AEROSOL-BASED DUCT SEALING
Duct sealing with aerosol-based technology called Aeroseal could
be a cost-effective measure for reducing energy usage in small
office buildings. Aeroseal Duct Sealing is designed to tackle duct
leaks from the inside out. Aeroseal software allows the technician
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commercial buildings. The Aeroseal process puts escaping air under
pressure and causes polymer particles to stick first to the edges of a
leak, then to each other until the leak, as wide as 5/8 of an inch, is
closed. www.aeroseal.com
Aeroseal
JOINT PIPING SOLUTION
Zurn Pexs hy-PE-RTube is a radiant
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Polyethylene of Raised Temperature
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from The Dow Chemical Company.
hy-PE-RTube is produced using
DOWLEX 2344 resin from Dow, which
builds on the traditional benefits
of polyethylene. This solution can
reportedly help improve ease of
installation with its flexible design,
which allows the pipe to resist recoil
and lay flat when installed. hy-PE-
RTube offers high-temperature,
corrosion and stress-crack resistance,
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reduce noise when in use, and it can
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It is amazing how the market
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12 edc mar ch. 2013
Parking, Athletics
and Water
Conservation
13 www.edcmag.com
Most, if not all, of us have experienced
the woes of trying to find a parking space
at an event. Whether its a concert, hockey
game, wedding, graduation or something
else, nabbing a spot can be difficult. Its one
of the many reasons we should all take mass
transportation whenever possible. But its not
always an option, and so were left driving
around, avoiding pedestrians and doing battle
with others vying for an open lot as close to
the venue as possiblebecause why ever
would we walk?
BY DERRICK TEAL
A Tennessee college
preparatory school
parks a soccer
field on a garage
to aid in capturing
stormwater.
Project Team
HASTINGS ARCHITECTURE ASSOCIATES TEAM
David Bailey, AIA, NCARB, LEED AP
Chuck Gannaway, AIA, CDT, LEED AP
Paul Law, AIA, NCARB, LEED AP
Sara Atherton, AIA, NCARB, LEED AP
CONSULTANTS
Barge Cauthen & Associates Inc. (Civil Engineer)
EMC Structural Engineers P.C. (Structural Engineer)
Smith Seckman Reid Inc. (MPE Engineer)
Jeffrey L. Bruce & Company LLC (Field/Turf Consultant)
The existing topography worked well for the
garage to accommodate bus access.
IMAGE COURTESY 2011 JIM ROOF CREATIVE INC.
14 edc mar ch. 2013
Montgomery Bell Academy
(MBA) in Nashville is using
a solution that creates more
parking spaces so close to the
athletic field that youre prac-
tically right on top of it. In
fact, youre right underneath
it. A new parking structure
at the 146-year-old college
preparatory school for boys
in grades 7-12 uses an athletic
field for its roof. And while
the concept of attaching a
parking garage to a venue isnt
a novel concept, it is an effec-
tive one.
Needing more parking and
wanting a TSSAA regulation
soccer field but facing land
constraints due to its location
near a residential neighbor-
hood, MBA sought Hastings
Architecture Associates to
help find a solution.
The Nashville firm complet-
ed an update to MBAs campus
master plan that included
several proposed future
projects. Afterward, the new
three-level, 211,900-square-
foot soccer complex and park-
ing garage was located along
the eastern boundary of the
campus parallel to a stretch of
roadway, Wilson Boulevard.
The road serves as the main
access to the garage, and also
provides service access to
future buildings.
According to Chuck Gan-
naway, AIA, LEED AP, who
is an associate at Hastings
Architecture Associates, This
is a true mixed-use project
that solves many issues for
the school. It provides much-
needed parking to the tune of
300 new on-campus spaces,
The soccer field is one
way Montgomery Bell
Academy sends an
educational message to
its students of practicing
resourcefulness.
IMAGE COURTESY 2011 JIM
ROOF CREATIVE INC.
15 www.edcmag.com
a soccer field, a rifle range, outdoor restrooms and concessions,
and new maintenance and shop facilities for the campus. This, in
turn, allows the school to use available land and square footage
in other buildings for additional uses.
MBAs sustainability initiatives have seen the creation of its new
Lowry Hall, also designed by Hastings Architecture Associates,
which achieved LEED-NC Gold. And beyond the additional park-
ing, athletic considerations and future building considerations,
this athletic field/parking garage also helped to further MBAs sus-
tainable goals, particularly its water conservation efforts. Hastings
Architecture Associates was happy to oblige. Sustainability is a
part of our firms culture, says Gannaway. We strive to incorpo-
rate as many sustainable features into every project, whether or
not the owner has decided to pursue LEED certification.
MBA is using the artificial turf covering the complex to help
collect rainwater. Of note on this project is a 10,000-gallon
cistern in the garage, which is supplied from groundwater and
from rainwater on the field. We are working on other projects
that also incorporate cisterns and continue to improve upon our
knowledge in all areas of sustainability. All groundwater, as
well as what falls on half of the soccer field surface, is collected
in the 10,000-gallon cistern and used to irrigate landscaping
around the building. More than 470,000 gallons of rainwater
expects to be captured annually.
CLASSI C
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The school made use of the available area to incorporate many
different amenities, including a new maintenance and shop facilities
for the campus.
16 edc mar ch. 2013
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The school is also introducing an edu-
cational element for their students and
visitors, says Gannaway. It highlights
the importance and impact of the schools
water conservation efforts.
MBA is doing its part to conserve water
through the use of plumbing fixtures
such as automatic flush valves on toilets
and sensors on faucets. Filling stations
were included in the recently completed
Lowry Hall and are being installed in the
soon-to-be-completed new dining hall.
Landscaping is designed to minimize ir-
rigated areas, and drip irrigation is used
instead of broadcast irrigation wherever
possible. Pervious paving is being used
for hardscapes.
The conservation efforts of the school
are but a part of the educational setting
that strives to help students see initiative,
independence, and resourcefulness as the
means to pursue self-discovery, develop
leadership skills, and claim a sense of
self-worth. edc
With the amount of available groundwater
and rainwater from the field, utilizing a cis-
tern for irrigation made good sense to reduce
runoff and minimize municipal water use.
WEVE LEARNED A LOT
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18 edc mar ch. 2013
19 www.edcmag.com
Ruby House in Salt
Lake City, Utah, is an in-
novative example of energy
performance in residential
design and construction in
one of Salt Lake Citys oldest
and most prestigious neigh-
borhoods, the Avenues,
where Victorian homes and
landscaping have been faith-
fully restored and quaint
bungalows line the streets.
The home embraces passive
design, which takes advan-
tage of the natural climate to
maintain thermal comfort. It
also features energy harvest-
ing wireless technologies
which enable the capture and
storage of power from the
environment to deliver self-
powered wireless switches,
sensors and controls.
Lured by the beauty and
urban setting of the Avenues,
Salt Lake City doctors Bran-
don and Darcy Wolsey looked
for a building site where they
could construct a home befit-
ting the neighborhood while
also utilizing a contemporary
design and innovative tech-
nologies to reduce the homes
energy footprint.
The Wolseys reached out to
architect David Brach, AIA,
CPHC, founder of Salt Lake
City-based Brach Design, a
firm focused on passive de-
sign and zero-energy design
for residential and small
commercial clients. Together,
Ruby House was created; a
home with a Contemporary
Prairie style that has a mod-
ern feel but utilizes natural
building materialswood,
brick and stuccofor a rustic
look that blends nicely with
the neighborhoods classi-
cally styled homes. It also
features energy harvesting
wireless technologies that
give the Wolseys complete re-
mote control of their interior
and exterior lighting systems.
Energy
Harvest
PASSIVE DESIGN
AND WIRELESS
TECHNOLOGIES
HELP A
UTAH HOME
CONSERVE
ENERGY.
BY JIM OCALLAGHAN
WI REL ESS
IMAGES COURTESY OF TIM SCHAARS PHOTOGRAPHY
20 edc mar ch. 2013
I NTEGRATI ON FROM THE
GROUND UP
Construction of the Ruby
House began in May 2011
and was move-in ready by
the end of January 2012.
The home is an example of
complete interoperability
between multiple wireless
controls manufacturers. The
basis for this interoperabil-
ity is a new standard (ISO/
IEC 14543-3-10) recently
ratified by the International
Electrotechnical Commis-
sion for wireless applica-
tions with ultra-low power
consumption. Its the first,
and currently the only, wire-
less standard that is also
optimized for energy har-
vesting technology, which
draws energy from sur-
roundings such as motion,
light or temperature differ-
ences. This principle enables
electronic control systems
to work independently of an
external power supply. The
new standard is based upon
EnOcean Equipment Profiles
(EEPs), drawn up by the
EnOcean Alliance, and lays
the foundation for fully
interoperable, open wireless
technology comparable to
standards such as Bluetooth
and WiFi. EnOcean is a firm
that provides energy har-
vesting wireless technology
and wireless communica-
tions for building and home
automation.
The Ruby House is home
to light switches from Verve
Living Systems; handheld
light switches from Illumra;
software for remote con-
trol lighting from BSC; and
energy meters from Magnum
energy. All the devices are
connected into an EnOcean
wireless system through an
EnOcean-to-WiFi gateway.
All sensor and consump-
tion data is sent wirelessly
to a central control unit or
Intelligent Station, which
enables complete control
of the system. The devices
are self-powered through an
electrodynamic process in
which power is drawn from
changes in motion in their
vicinity. For instance, the
energy harvested from the
motion of pressing a switch
is converted into electrical
energy, which is then used to
power the light switches.
Apart from motion, energy
is also harvested from indoor
light via mini solar cells or from
temperature differences via a
peltier element. As a result, de-
vices are able to work without
batteries and are designed to
be maintenance-free as well as
easy and flexible to install.
The Wolseys have con-
trol of all lighting loads and
window shades via self-
powered switches through
PC-based software and their
iPhones. Plans are to expand
the capability to a variety of
mobile devices, such as iPads,
as these devices become more
ubiquitous in managing daily
control functions.
Switches within the house
are configured to either con-
trol individual loads or groups
of lights for scene control
or pathway lighting. For
example, the Wolseys can use
a remote control in their car
to power switches on or off
or dim them. They can light
pathway landscaping and turn
The Ruby
House is home
to different
products based
on EnOcean
energy harvesting
wireless and
batteryless
technology.
IMAGES COURTESY
OF TIM SCHAARS
PHOTOGRAPHY
21 www.edcmag.com
on garage lights as they arrive
home. The Illumra Handheld
Self-Powered Wireless Light
Switch is small enough to
fit in the palm of your hand
or leave in your car to turn
on lights as you pull up to a
house or building as the Wol-
seys have done.
Theres also a goodnight
switch located in the master
bedroom that allows the Wol-
seys to control all the lighting
in the house, including the
control and monitoring of
their outside security lights.
The house is wired to five
small controllers located
on different levels. Each
controller has power coming
from the breaker box. From
the controller, power goes
out to the actual fixtures.
Between the light fixture and
the switch, there is no wiring.
I can move the switch, for
instance, from the right side
of the door to the left side.
I can put it high or low, on a
window sill or coffee tableI
can put it anywhere and
it will operate like a hard-
wired switch, notes Brandon
Wolsey.
The Verve system is pro-
grammable. Simply push a
button on the controller, click
the switch three times and
you can turn on or off the
lights, he explains. If you
want to link more fixtures
to the controller, you go
through the same process. I
know nothing about electrical
wiring and was able to turn
everything on or off within
60 seconds of reading the
manual. Wed never be able
to do anything like this with a
wired system.
ENVI RONMENTAL
AND ENERGY SAVI NG
BENEFI TS
When the Wolseys decided
to integrate the EnOcean-
based system, it wasnt only
for environmental reasons.
Although we were aware of
the energy-saving benefits of
the passive design and the
lighting system, we also were
interested in being able to
program the lighting to reflect
how we liveand change it
if we desired without having
to rewire behind the walls.
A big part of our decision to
embrace EnOcean was our
ability to maintain control.
Additionally, incorporating the
principles of energy harvest-
ing wireless technology as
part of a passive design for
the home not only signifi-
cantly improves comfort, but
it reduces heating and cooling
bills as well as the greenhouse
gas emissions from heating,
cooling, mechanical ventila-
tion and lighting.
We didnt really know any-
thing about a wireless house
lighting system until we met
with EnOcean, he continues.
We were building a house us-
ing the latest in passive design
construction and then were
able to take additional steps to
even further reduce our energy
consumption with EnOcean
technology.
The EnOcean system was
a part of the design from the
very beginning. The architects
plans were interpreted by the
electrician about four months
prior to the completion of the
house. I was surprised at how
easy wireless control was to
implement. edc
A goodnight
switch located
in the master
bedroom allows
the residents to
control all the
lighting in the
house, including
the control and
monitoring of
their outside
security lights.
IMAGES COURTESY
OF TIM SCHAARS
PHOTOGRAPHY
edc mar ch. 2013 21A
Green cleaning is a key factor in fa-
cility care programs today. The goal of green
cleaning is to minimize environmental and
human health impacts while maintaining or
even improving the effectiveness of cleaning
programs. Though they typically employ
practices aimed at reducing chemical, water
and energy use, green cleaning programs
can also be designed to achieve sustainabil-
ity goals. These are goals that will help pro-
long the usable life of floor surfaces which,
in turn, minimizes resource consumption
and waste stream contributions. In addition
to addressing environmental concerns, a
successful green cleaning strategy helps
ensure the safety of all facility occupants.
Certification programs and standards
such as the LEED for Existing Buildings:
Operations & Maintenance (LEED-EB: O&M),
Green Seals GS-42, The Standard Guide for
Stewardship for the Cleaning of Commercial
and Institutional Buildings (ASTM E1971), and
the National Floor Safety Institute (NFSI) as-
sist in the development of sustainable cleaning
programs by identifying key criteria to be con-
sidered when selecting chemicals, equipment
and procedures that should be used. As facility
managers attempt to satisfy both green and
safe cleaning goals, they must develop differ-
ent sets of tools for different applications.
A floor cleaning program can be divided
into three major components: policies/pro-
cedures, chemicals and equipment. While
all three components are a significant part
of any good program, this article will focus
mainly on how equipment can facilitate im-
proved facility sustainability and enhanced
building occupant safety.
Green Buildings Mean Green Cleaning
HELP ENHANCE FACILITY CARE WITH SUSTAINABLE FLOOR CLEANING
EQUIPMENT AND PRACTICES.
Facility
BY BRIAN SIMMONS
BRI AN SI MMONS I S A PRODUCT MANAGER FOR NI LFI SK-ADVANCE.
Complying with these standards is crucial
for cleaning professionals, as they aid in a
facilitys sustainability, occupant safety and
overall well-being. When selecting floor
cleaning equipment, it is important to con-
sider the following factors:
Slip-and-Fall
NFSI product certification provides product
manufacturers with the ability to have their
products independently evaluated for wet slip
resistance, while offering end-users relevant
product information to make an informed
buying decision. Through rigorous laboratory
and field testing, floor cleaning equipment
can achieve NFSI certification status, ensur-
ing operators and building occupants are
protected against potentially hazardous falls.
Facility managers can satisfy surface
condition and composition cleaning require-
ments by selecting the proper floor cleaning
GREEN CLEANING STANDARDS
The first step in selecting floor cleaning
equipment is understanding and adhering to
the industry standards associated with them.
Green cleaning standards for equipment such
as LEED-EB: O&M, GS-42, ASTM E1971 and
NFSI address a wide range of topicsfrom
noise control, machine vibration and user fa-
tigue to chemical exposure and proper train-
ing in green product use. These standards
consider any factor that might impact or con-
cern the safety of cleaning personnel, other
building occupants and the building itself as
well as broader environmental factors.
MANAGEMENT
Selecting the correct automated floor
cleaning systems offers many benefits.
IMAGES COURTESY OF NILFISK-ADVANCE
Quiet automated equipment allows cleaning
professionals to thoroughly clean up puddles,
spills and other soils, maintaining a high
level of clean without disturbing other
building occupants.
www.edcmag.com 21B
equipment. Conventional floor mopping
methods can spread soils over floors and
create a slippery situation, changing the
floors surface condition. Selecting appro-
priate automated floor cleaning systems
enhance cleaning results, remove chemical
residue from the floor, leave floors immedi-
ately dry and lower the risk of a slip-and-fall
incident.
Noise Control
Equipment with noise control features
enhance operator safety. LEED-EB IEQ
(Indoor Environmental Quality) Credit 10.6
specifies that both vacuum cleaners and
powered maintenance equipment, such as
sweepers, burnishers and scrubbers, operate
with a sound level less than 70 dBA. Low
noise increases operator safety and allows
facility managers to clean during business
hourswhich in turn reduces costs for
HVAC, lighting, security and excess labor.
While quiet operation is beneficial in
virtually any environment, it is especially
useful for cleaning in educational, health-
care and religious facilities that contain
noise-sensitive areas and which have heavy
traffic during the day and into the evening
hours. Quiet automated equipment allows
cleaning professionals to thoroughly clean
up puddles, spills and other soils, maintain-
ing a high level of clean without disturbing
other building occupants. By increasing the
amount of cleaning that can be done during
business hours, building owners are able
to reduce the energy consumption of their
facility.
Ergonomic Design
Excessive machine vibration and other infe-
rior design elements can cause user fatigue
and repetitive motion injuries. When evaluat-
ing cleaning equipment options, ergonomic
enhancements such as comfortable seat and
pedal positions that promote good posture are
essential. Also, it is important to test equip-
ment to ensure operators will experience
minimal vibration during machine operation
and that controls and steering wheel are
positioned to minimize driver fatigue and inju-
ries. Cleaning equipment designed with such
ergonomic features will facilitate easier opera-
tion and increased operator safety, allowing
them to clean for longer durations without
risk of injury. This permits facility managers
to increase operator satisfaction and cleaning
productivity while reducing absenteeism and
worker compensation claims and costs.
Minimizing Chemical Usage
LEED-EB: O&M guidelines call for mini-
mum exposure to concentrated cleaning
chemicals. It also specifies use of chemi-
cal concentrates and appropriate dilution
systems. Floor cleaning machines equipped
with onboard detergent dispensing systems
eliminate manual pre-mixing of detergent
and water so operators are not exposed to
potentially harmful chemicals. Onboard
dispensing of chemicals also decreases
chemical waste while minimizing excessive
use of water. Equipment that offers onboard
chemical mixing and automated dilution set-
tings provides a highly sustainable cleaning
solution while maintaining industry leading
cleaning performance.
Another innovation that can assist in
minimizing your chemical usage is orbital
scrubbing technology. Orbital scrubbers re-
move floor finish without the use of stripping
chemicals. Stripping chemicals are often
the most caustic chemicals used by cleaning
professionals, leading to injuries and harmful
chemical effluent. Alternatively, employing
orbital scrubbers allows operators to remove
floor finish chemical-free, using nothing
but pure water. This eliminates slip-and-fall
risks, harsh chemical exposure and negative
environmental impacts of conventional
stripping. Plus, it eliminates the costs and
training associated with the traditional strip-
ping process.
Minimizing Propane Emissions
Propane floor cleaning machines remain
widely used due to the perception that they
are a more effective means of cleaning and
polishing floors. When evaluating propane-
powered equipment, it is critical that the
units comply with EPA (Environmental
Floor cleaning equipment is available with
a wide array of features, such as machines
that allow the operator to seamlessly
switch between chemical-free, water-only
cleaning and varying degrees of detergent
depending on cleaning requirementsto
prevent unnecessary product waste.
Protection Agency) and C.A.R.B (California
Air Resources Board) standards to en-
sure minimal impact on indoor air quality.
Equipment conforming to these standards
provides a solution that is both sustainable
and efficacious.
As an alternative to propane-powered
equipment, battery-powered machines
are also suitable alternatives. Battery-
powered equipment eliminates the noise
and emissions associated with propane floor
machines, resulting in an even higher quality
of indoor air for operators and building occu-
pants alike. Battery-powered equipment can
also be used for daytime cleaning or cleaning
in noise-sensitive areas.
Green Cleaning Equipment
No matter what type of floor cleaning
machine is needed for the job at hand, its
important that it complies with green clean-
ing standards. The list below provides an
at-a-glance guide to green cleaning equip-
ment available:
Automatic scrubbers offer low-flow
dispensing and onboard detergent to
minimize chemical and water use and
allow for water-only cleaning and the use
of green-certified chemicals.
Burnishers and buffers are designed
for energy efficiency, operate quietly and
maximize the life of floor surfaces.
Carpet extractors provide low-
moisture cleaning to save resources
and speed drying time, while low noise
and CRI-certification ensure efficient
cleaning.
Multipurpose machines such as
sweeper-scrubbers and extractor-
scrubbers help reduce the environmental
impact of manufacturing equipment by
replacing two machines with one.
Outdoor cleaning equipment that re-
uses water can drastically reduce water
consumption during outdoor surface
cleaning and aid EPA stormwater runoff
compliance.
Sweepers with dust control capabilities
help maintain healthy levels of indoor air
quality for building occupants.
Vacuums contribute to enhanced indoor
air quality by employing filters that
capture dust particles and feature CRI-
certification.
LOOKING AHEAD
Green floor cleaning significantly minimizes
the environmental impact of the cleaning
process in facilities. It is not only important
to understand the standards set by indus-
try professionals but also to evaluate and
employ floor cleaning equipment that meet
these requirements. edc
edc mar ch. 2013 21C
Around 700,000 pas-
senger and goods lifts (or
elevators) are in operation in
Germany alone, consuming an
estimated 2.2 to 4.0 TWh (ter-
awatt hours) of electricity per
year. How much of a build-
ings total electricity demand
is actually accounted for by
its lift system depends very
much on the lifts frequency
of use. The frequency of use
is far higher in hospitals or
hotels, for instance, than in
residential buildings where
the majority of residents are
at work and thus not in the
building during the day. Lifts
The Ups and Downs of Energy Efficiency
LIFTS STILL OFFER UNUSED POTENTIAL FOR IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY,
AND THUS REDUCING OPERATING COSTS.
BY DIETER ROAS
DI ETER ROAS I S GENERAL MANAGER OF LI FTS AND CRANES
AT TV SD I NDUSTRI E SERVI CE GMBH. CONTACT TV SD
I NDUSTRI E SERVI CE GMBH AT +49 (0)89 / 5791-1242 OR
FOERDERTECHNI K@TUEV-SUED.DE.
I NTERNATI ONAL
Intrigue
consume a significant propor-
tion of their total electric-
ity consumption in standby
operation. In residential
buildings with low frequency
of use, the power consumed
in this mode accounts for
more than 70 percent of a
lifts total electricity demand.
In office buildings, however,
where lift use is far more
frequent, standby phases still
account for as much as 40
percent of lifts annual power
consumption. According to
studies, energy savings of up
to 60 percent are feasible by
employing new technologies
and reducing power consump-
tion during standby mode.
CERTI FI ED ENERGY
EFFI CI ENCY
The German Energy Saving
Ordinance (Energieeinspar-
verordnung EnEV) requires
building owners to furnish
proof of their buildings
energy efficiency. However,
this does not necessarily
apply to building services
systems: neither the Euro-
pean Directive on the Energy
Performance of Buildings
(2010/31/EU) nor the EnEV,
for instance, specify mea-
sures for reducing the power
consumption of lifts. Given
this, the lift industry took
www.edcmag.com 21D
the initiative and worked with testing
and inspection organizations and VDI,
the Association of German Engineers,
to develop the relevant guideline VDI
4707 Part 1 LiftsEnergy Efficiency,
aimed at the rational use of energy, i.e.
economic, ecological and social sustain-
ability. TV SD has long-standing
experience in the lift sector and was the
only third-party testing and certification
organization to be actively involved in
the development of the mentioned VDI
guideline. At present, the guideline sup-
plies the only procedure for the energy-
efficiency certification of lift systems
and the associated labeling. VDI 4707
Part 1 LiftsEnergy Efficiency (edition
2009-03) describes a method that can
be used to classify the complete system
depending on its category of use, on the
basis of its energy demand in standby
mode and during travel operation.
The draft of guideline VDI 4707 Part
2 LiftsEnergy Efficiency Compo-
nents, which aims at the classification
of individual components on the basis of
their energy efficiency, was presented in
June 2012.
CATEGORI ES OF USE AND
FACTORS OF CONSUMPTI ON
The energy demand of lifts primarily de-
pends on the technical characteristics and
the energy efficiency of the lift compo-
nents. Total consumption is determined in
three steps: classification into categories
of use, identification of standby demand,
and travel demand.
In step one, the lift is classified into
one of five categories of use, where
category one stands for a very low and
category five for a very high intensity
or frequency of use. In this step, the ex-
perts also determine and categorize the
average periods in standby and travel
operation in terms of hours per day,
whereby the type of building and its use
plays a defining role. The categories of
use in this context extend from category
one, which comprises small residential
buildings of up to six flats, to category
five with office and administration
buildings more than 328 feet in height in
which lifts are in travel mode for more
than 4.5 hours per day. The average time
in travel operation given in hours per
day, for example, can be determined
from the mean number of travel opera-
tions and the mean duration of travel.
In step two, the professionals then
calculate the lifts energy consumption
in sleep or standby mode. To do so,
they record the energy consumption
of all components that are necessary
to keep the lift ready for operation,
including cabin lights, cabin door (drive
mechanism for opening and closing) and
cabin fan. The experts add up the energy
demands of the individual components
to obtain the lifts energy consumption
in standby mode and can assign it to
a class of energy demand. Labeling of
energy consumption ranges from class
A (up to 50 watts) to class G (more than
1,600 watts).
Subsequent assessment of energy de-
mand in travel operation covers the total
power consumed by the lift, taking into
consideration weight and travel height.
A defined test cycle delivers reliable and
comparable data. The test cycle includes
a reference trip over the entire travel
height with an empty cabin traveling
upward and downward including opening
and closing of the door. Similarly to the
determination of standby periods, the
power consumed in travel operation is
also grouped into energy demand classes.
A lift in category of use 1 with an energy
consumption of 2.21 mWh/(kg*m) or less
in the test cycle, for example, satisfies
the criteria of energy efficiency class A,
whereas a lift with an energy consump-
tion of 57.09 mWh/(kg*m) in the test
cycle would only qualify for energy ef-
ficiency class G.
The results in the individual test steps
are assessed, taking the lifts frequency
of use into account. The energy con-
sumption in standby mode automatically
becomes more important for lifts that
are used less frequently. The results
of all three steps are compared to the
reference values established in the VDI
guideline and the lift is then assigned to
the appropriate class of energy effi-
ciency. Certification in accordance with
VDI 4707 Part 1 for planned or existing
lifts is carried out by third-party testing
and certification organizations such as
TV SD.
COST-SAVI NGS OPPORTUNI TI ES
AND MODERNI ZATI ON OF
EXI STI NG LI FT SYSTEMS
Depending on the weighting of the
consumption factors, various measures
are considered for improving the en-
ergy efficiency of a specific lift system.
TV SDs experts also support lift
and building owners in moderniza-
tion measures. Which measures are
useful choices to unlock potential for
savings? How can the installation of
undersized or oversized components
be avoided?
In cases involving lifts with long
standby periods, savings can be real-
ized by using intelligent lift control
systems and pre-programmed compo-
nent control. Apart from energy-saving
light bulbs or LED lights, components
that switch off automatically while the
lift is in standby mode offer excellent
solutions. These components have a
parameterizable and targeted function
that switches them off when the lift
is in standby mode and automatically
re-activates them at the next call of the
lift. This type of solution is possible for
components including display elements,
cabin lights, frequency converters and
door drives. An intelligent standby mode
makes good sense even for buildings
with high frequency of use. However,
measures that aim at the optimization
of the drive system, the guide pul-
leys and the guide rails or at targeted
reduction of the lifting capacity prove
more beneficial in this context overall.
Energy recovery during travel operation,
which converts excessive kinetic energy
during cabin deceleration and uses it
for further lift operation, also unlocks
potential for energy savings.
Since the German Energy Saving
Ordinance (EnEV 2009) came into force,
permanently open smoke vents in the
lift shaft as a fire safety measure are
no longer permitted. The reason is that
heat escapes continuously through these
vents, which is detrimental to the build-
ings overall energy efficiency. A flexible
smoke vent and ventilation system for the
lift shaft saves energy and provides safety
in case of a fire. Installation of such a
system is also possible in the majority of
existing lifts.
SAVI NG RESOURCES, REDUCI NG
OPERATI NG COSTS
Tailored modernization measures can
help lift operators to achieve significant
and sustainable reduction of their oper-
ating costs. Considerations within the
scope of planning and designing of new
lifts or the modernization of existing lifts
should always cover the entire life cycle
of a lift system. This involves choosing
energy-efficient components and their
intelligent instrumentation and control
systems, as well as considering energy-
efficiency aspects in lift installation,
operation and maintenance. TV SDs
Energy-Efficient Lift System certifica-
tion in accordance with guideline VDI
4707 Part 1 guarantees reliable assess-
ment of energy efficiency irrespective of
further modernization measures. edc
edc mar ch. 2013 21E
Speaking on a British na-
tional television show, Prince
Charles recently told viewers
that he is progressively more
concerned that his future
grandchild, due this summer,
will be born into an increas-
ingly dysfunctional world
because of environmental
degradation and climate
change, and will wonder why
his generation and his parents
generation did not do more to
tackle these issues.
The prince said that in
recent years, he has grown
more concerned about the
long-term impacts of climate
change and how humans may
be contributing to it. He be-
lieves a more sensible, func-
tioning world would put more
thought into the relationship
between environmental dam-
age and climate change.
I dont want to be
confronted by my future
grandchild and have them
say, Why didnt you do
something? Now that we will
have a grandchild, it makes
it even more obvious to try
and make sure we leave them
[a world] that isnt a total
poisoned chalice.
1
While there are still climate
change skeptics who deny
that human actions have
contributed to climate change,
some correlations and statis-
tics simply cannot be ignored.
For instance, the United
Nations World Meteorological
Organization (WMO) reports
that the amount of greenhouse
gases released into the atmo-
sphere reached a new record
high in 2011, and that between
1990 and 2011 there was a 30
percent increase in radiative
forcing (the warming effect
carbon dioxide and other
heat-trapping, long-lived gases
have on our climate when
released into the atmosphere).
This warming of our
climate has serious climatic
repercussions, some of which
are violent in naturefor
example, increasingly power-
ful and damaging hurricanes.
Of the ten most expensive
and damaging hurricanes
ever reported in the U.S.,
all but two occurred during
the past ten years, and all
but one occurred since 1990.
(See listing on the right.) The
U.S. has also experienced
increasingly serious flooding,
droughts and other acts of
nature that can be attributed
to climate change.
Statistics like these have
caused nearly all of the
worlds climatologists to
Are We Leaving a Poisoned Chalice?
OUR LACK OF ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION TODAY COULD HAVE SERIOUS IMPACTS
ON THE FUTURE GENERATIONS OF THE PLANET.
AEC/O+M
BY STEVE ASHKIN
STEPHEN P. ASHKI N I S PRESI DENT OF THE ASHKI N GROUP, A
CONSULTI NG FI RM SPECI ALI ZI NG I N GREENI NG THE CLEANI NG
I NDUSTRY, AND CEO OF SUSTAI NABI LI TY TOOL LLC, AN
ELECTRONI C DASHBOARD THAT ALLOWS ORGANI ZATI ONS TO
MEASURE AND REPORT ON THEI R SUSTAI NABI LI TY EFFORTS. HE I S
ALSO CO-AUTHOR OF BOTH THE BUSI NESS OF GREEN CLEANI NG
AND GREEN CLEANI NG FOR DUMMI ES.
believe that the Earths cli-
mate system is unequivocally
changing, and more than 90
percent also believe humans
are causing this change. The
large increase in greenhouse
gasses in the past two de-
cades, as noted by the WMO,
is most assuredly the result
of the increased burning of
fossil fuels to power build-
ings, automobiles and power
stations.
At one time, much of the
blame for this was focused on
the U.S. However, anyone who
has seen the scores of high-
rise hotels, apartments and of-
fice buildings that have sprung
up in China and Vietnam or
the massive daily traffic jams
in Malaysia and Bangkok
where just a few years ago
virtually everyone commuted
on bicyclesknows the world
has changed dramatically dur-
Most Expensive and Damaging Hurricanes
in the U.S.
1. KATRI NA (2005): $46.591 billion, Aug. 2530, 2005
2. ANDREW (1992): $22.939 billion, Aug. 2426, 1992
3. I KE (2008): $13.05 billion, Sept. 1214, 2008
4. WI LMA (2005): $11.676 billion, Oct. 24, 2005
5. CHARLEY (2004): $8.755 billion, Aug. 1314, 2004
6. I VAN (2005): $8.328 billion, Sept. 1521, 2004
7. HUGO (1989): $6.835 billion, Sept. 1722, 1989
8. RI TA (2005): $6.379 billion, Sept. 2026, 2004
9. FRANCES (2004): $5.382 billion, Sept. 39, 2004
10. I RENE (2011): $4.3 billion, Aug. 2628, 2011
Source: Insurance Information Institute (Based on
estimated insured losses for property coverage and
adjusted to 2011 dollars; estimates for Hurricane Sandy
have not yet been tabulated.)
www.edcmag.com 21F
ing the past 15 years. Climate and environ-
mental change are global issues that must
be addressed internationally.
However, there are many simple things
individuals and organizations can do to
protect the environment and ensure our
children and grandchildren do not inherit
a poisoned chalice, as Prince Charles
calls it. Below are just a few of the steps
that we can all take:
Get Educated: Some climate change
skeptics may simply be unaware of how
serious climate change is and how likely it
is that humans are contributing to it. This
lack of education can result in denial. We
must all become more informed and edu-
cated by taking the time to access cred-
ible, unbiased sources and learn about
what is happening around the world and
the role humans play in these changes. We
must all become more attuned to what is
happening and look for ways to help.
Use Less Electricity: While Ameri-
cans are using more electronics and gad-
gets than ever before, electricity demand
in the U.S. is actually growing very little.
2

While there are a number of reasons for
thiseverything from less manufactur-
ing facilities to better insulated buildings
and the more efficient use of electricity,
etc.there is still more that we can do.
One very simple change we can all make
is to switch from using hot water to cold
water when washing clothes. According
to one study, approximately 80 percent of
the energy used to wash clothes is used to
heat water. But detergents are now avail-
able that work very well in cold water.
Eliminate Energy Vampires: Most of
us know that many of the appliances we
use every day in our homes and offices
continue to consume energy even when
turned off. These products are popularly
referred to as energy vampires. What we
may not know is just how much energy
they use. It is estimated that ten percent
of the average residential energy bill is the
result of energy used to power appliances
that are turned off.
3
In office facilities,
with scores of computers, monitors, copi-
ers, fax machines and other devices that
use large amounts of what is referred to
as standby power, this percentage is
likely far higher. In some settings, building
managers now turn to cleaning profession-
als to identify and completely turn off elec-
tronics, putting an end to energy vampires.
Measure and Monitor: While major
retailers may know exactly how many
items they have sold, in which stores, and
on which days, they may have little idea of
how much water, electricity, fuel, natural
gas or waste is generated by an individual
store at a given time. Similarly, there are
property management firms that keep
constant track of their vacancy rates and
rental income, yet have little idea how
much power each individual property is
consuming. This unawareness can cause
costly oversights; luckily, these issues can
be rectified. With the introduction of Web-
based sustainability dashboard systems in
recent years, managers can easily monitor
and measure the use of many consum-
ables as well as the amount of greenhouse
gasses they are generating. With this
information in hand, they can begin taking
significant steps to reduce consumption,
which is not only a cost savings, but can
also reduce greenhouse gas emissionsa
major contributor to climate change.
I have children of my own, and soon
may likely have grandchildren. I can
relate to what Prince Charles is saying, as
I am sure most of us can. Ours will likely
be one of the first generations to hand our
children a world far more environmen-
tally unhealthy than the one we inherited.
We may not be able to rectify the damage
that has already been done; however,
there are steps we can all take as indi-
viduals, communities and nations to slow
these trends. edc
1 The word chalice derives from the Greek kalyx (through
the Latin calyx), and refers to a large cup or goblet.
2 U.S. Electricity Use on Wane, Wall Street Journal,
January 2, 2013.
3 Pull the Plug on Home Energy Vampire Appliances and
Stop Standby Power Use, ABC News, July 25, 2011.
22 edc mar ch. 2013
Air circulation is piv-
otal to the environmental qual-
ity of indoor settings. Numer-
ous design strategies, along
with mechanical elements,
have been introduced to help
Moving More Than Just Air
HOW LARGE-DIAMETER, LOW-SPEED FANS IMPROVE COMFORT AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY.
AEC/O+M
BY NINA WOLGELENTER
NI NA WOLGELENTER I S SENI OR WRI TER FOR BI G ASS FANS, A PREEMI NENT
DESI GNER AND MANUFACTURER OF LARGE-DI AMETER, LOW-SPEED FANS.
curtail these poor indoor air
quality (IAQ) effects, lead-
ing to cleaner air for build-
ing occupants and increased
sustainability for the buildings
integrity. Employing proper
from flooring, furniture, paint,
VOCs, airborne chemicals and
the occupants themselves.
CEILING VENTILATION
LOOPHOLES
Many buildings are designed
with ceiling-mounted sup-
ply and return air diffusers
for heating or ventilation
systems. This layout works
well in the summer as heavier
cold air exits the diffusers
and travels straight to the
breathing zone. The same is
not true for heated air, which
is less dense than cold air.
In cold weather, at least 20
percent of outdoor air will
short circuitmove directly
across the ceiling to the re-
turn ventnever making it to
occupant level (see Figure 1).
In a traditional HVAC
system, only about 80 percent
of the fresh air brought into a
space reaches the designated
occupant level in the winter,
which means the system must
compensate for the lost air to
create a space that complies
with ASHRAE Standard 62.1-
2007, Ventilation for Acceptable
Indoor Air Quality. The addition
of large-diameter, low-speed
fans to circulate the air down
to the occupant level not only
helps to keep IAQ levels in
ventilation and the ability for
vented air to reach occupants
is where large-diameter, low-
speed fans make a positive im-
pact on a facilitys air quality.
Regardless of age, all
buildings are susceptible to
IAQ deficiencies from the
following: chemical exposure
from new and renovated
construction, tighter building
envelopes which can reduce
ventilation system effec-
tiveness, and humidity and
moisture buildup causing
unforeseen effects for occu-
pants in regards to bacteria
and mold growth.
COMFORT
Temperature and air quality,
according to the Center for the
Built Environment, directly
affect productivity, and the
narrow temperature and
comfort range at which people
are most productive is largely
dependent on adequate venti-
lation and air circulation.
The American Society of
Heating, Refrigerating and
Air-Conditioning Engineers
(ASHRAE) has set standards
on the amount of outdoor
air necessary in spaces with
HVAC systems to counter the
off-gassing of contaminants
in indoor spaces which result
23 www.edcmag.com
check, but it reduces reliance
on the HVAC system. This air
circulation also compensates
for the insufficient mixing of the
supply air and room air, and the
natural buoyancy of the hotter
air to remain at the ceiling level.
DESIGNING DESIRED
AIRFLOW
ASHRAE Standard 62.12010,
Ventilation for Acceptable
Indoor Air Quality, lists several
factors that must be taken into
account when determining the
outdoor air intake flow rate for
acceptable indoor air quality,
including minimum ventila-
FIGURE 1
tion rates to be supplied to the
breathing zone3 to 72 inches
above the floor.
OCCUPANT THERMAL
COMFORT
ASHRAE Standard 55-2010,
Thermal Environmental Condi-
tions for Human Occupancy,
utilizes a combination of six
primary environmental and
personal factors to determine
which thermal environmental
conditions are acceptable to
building occupants. Consider-
ing comfort levels differ widely,
a thermal environment that is
acceptable to at least 80 per-
cent of occupants is considered
acceptable per Standard 55.
APPLYING THE STANDARDS
Employing these standards in
real-life projects helps build-
ers design a space with IAQ
in mind, increasing occupant
comfort and productivity
within an environment. As an
example, a 5,000-square-foot
zone in a heating-only facility,
typical of warehousing space,
has been used. Applying
ASHRAE Standard 62.1, Table
6.1, Minimum Ventilation in
Breathing Zone, and Table 6.2,
Zone Air Distribution Effec-
tiveness, will help determine
the minimum ventilation
requirements in cubic feet per
minute (CFM) to adequately
ventilate the space for accept-
able indoor air quality.
Using the calculations
in Figure 1, 1,100 CFM of
outside air is needed within
the breathing zone of this
occupied space. This means
1,375 CFM of air must either
be brought into the building
or heated by the heat source
to get the required ventila-
tion down to the occupant
breathing zone as outlined
in Figure 1.
IMAGE COURTESY OF THE BIG ASS FAN COMPANY
Standard Ventilation Calculations Warehouse Zone
Zone Floor Area - Az (ft
2
) 5,000
Outdoor Airflow Rate Unit Area - Ra (CFM/ft
2
) 0.18
Zone Population - Pz (people) 20
Outdoor Airflow Rate Per Person - Rp (CFM/ft
2
) 10
Breathing Zone Outdoor Airflow (CFM) 1,100
Typical Zone Air Distribution Effectiveness (Ez) 0.8
Outdoor Air Intake Flow (CFM) 1,375
Revised Warehouse Zone
Breathing Zone Outdoor Airflow (CFM) 1,100
Well-Mixed Zone Air Distribution Effectiveness (Ez) 1
Percent reduction from Improving (Ez) 20%
Original Warehouse Zone
24 edc mar ch. 2013
With overhead supply and return dif-
fusers and a high supply-air temperature,
generally 15 F higher than the temperature
setpoint, the space will need to be over-
ventilated to ensure sufficient ventilation
makes its way down to the breathing zone,
considering 20 percent of it will short
circuit. The heating unit will need to be
sized for 1,375 CFM just to get 1,100 CFM
down to the occupants. In this scenario,
275 CFM is heated and lost because the air
distribution system is not effectively bring-
ing the ventilation down to the occupants.
START THE FANS
In lieu of increasing the heat load to
compensate for the 20 percent of lost
ventilated air, effective air movement will
eliminate short circuiting and provide oc-
cupant comfort at a reduced cost. Large-
diameter, low-speed fans can increase
zone air distribution effectiveness by gen-
tly pushing the warmed air down to the
breathing zone and away from the return
diffusers, reducing the amount of heated
air that is wasted due to short circuiting,
says Christian Taber, LEED AP, senior
applications engineer with the Big Ass Fan
Company. This increases the efficiency
of the air distribution system successfully
moving the fresh down to the occupants.
ENERGY SAVINGS
Slowly circulating trapped heat down to
the occupant/thermostat level with the aid
of large-diameter, low-speed fans results
in increased energy savings. The thermo-
stat setpoint remains the same, but the
heating system does not have to work as
hard to maintain the given setpoint by cap-
turing this heat before it is able to escape
the building envelope. The energy savings
achieved from reducing the amount of
heat required to maintain occupant com-
fort is similar to turning the thermostat
down three to five degrees.
Destratification thoroughly mixes the
air to a uniform temperature. When this
is done properly, the difference between
the temperature near floor level and at
the underside of the roof deck is generally
reduced to less than 1 to 2 F.
TYING IT TOGETHER
From a ventilation standpoint, a well-
mixed space by use of large-diameter fans
assures that all ventilation is able to reach
the occupants before being exhausted out
of the building. In the winter, a well-mixed
space will assure that the hot air from the
heater is destratified in the space, while
the fans can run faster to increase occu-
pant thermal comfort in the summer.
Following this trend of ease, large-di-
ameter, low-speed fans are extremely effi-
cient and easy to integrate into a building
automation system (BAS), allowing them
to operate as part of the HVAC system.
The fans circulate the conditioned air,
reduce the need for ductwork and lower
the load on the HVAC system. However,
as stated above, these fans also oper-
ate in lieu of an HVAC system in spaces
where conditioning is cost-prohibitive or
impractical. Whether aiding ventilation
or providing comfort, large-diameter,
low-speed fan technology helps improve
IAQ issues through the simple act of air
circulation. edc
Thinking Outside the Box
The Texas Swim Center at the University of Texas,
Austin recently met the challenge of improving
IAQ with an impressive ventilation system
upgrade and the addition of large-diameter, low-
speed fan technology.
Indoor aquatic facilities, generally large in
size, often have poor indoor air quality. Despite
a number of these facilities being in use for
more than 30 years, many of todays IAQ issues
revolve around environmental causes and tighter
air conditioning systems unable to maintain
appropriate levels of clean air. One constant,
however, is the need for air movement to direct
chloramine gases out of the building and keep
the toxicity levels low at the waters surface where
the swimmers have no choice but to breathe in
the concentrated bad air.
According to the Center for Disease Control, The
buildup of these irritants in the air is partially due to
poor air turnover. The poor movement of fresh air
over the pool surface, combined with the use of air
recycling devices to control heating costs, leads to poor air exchange.
Even with energy-efficient air handling systems recirculating the air, the
chloramines are still trapped at the water surface, unable to escape.
Engineers and facility managers involved in the project were
able to define a system that provides comfort while improving air
quality. We used a carbon gas-space filtration and increased the
amount of outside air we bring in, not just recirculate the air we
have in there, says Charles Logan, the universitys swim center
director. To aid this process, four 24-foot large-diameter, low-speed
ceiling fans were installed from the 45-foot-high ceiling throughout
the pool complex.
A filtration system, increased outdoor air intake and the fans were
all added to address air quality issues. Without the addition of the
large-diameter fans, an even higher volume of outdoor air would
have been needed to produce similar results to satisfy acceptable
IAQ standards. We have a daily setting for these fans, but at night
when we dont have anybody in the facility, three things happen,
he explains. [Air] release valves open up in the building, the fans
are turned up to full speed and 100 percent outside air is brought in
to flush out all the air that circulated throughout the day. This is in
contrast to air re-circulators that simply circulate the contaminated
air in the space with no way for it to escape.
IMAGE COURTESY OF THE BIG ASS FAN COMPANY
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26 edc mar ch. 2013
On September 4, 2012, New
York City publicly posted the 2011 en-
ergy and water benchmarking results for
more than 2,000 nonresidential proper-
ties covered under the benchmarking
ordinance (Local Law 84), making it the
first major city in the U.S. to release this
kind of information.
Closely following suit, San Francisco
publically released data from its Existing
Commercial Buildings Energy Perfor-
mance Ordinance in November 2012. The
benchmarking policy requires owners
of nonresidential buildings larger than
10,000 square feet and at least five years
old to obtain energy-efficiency audits
Benchmarking Emerges
AS ENERGY AND WATER PERFORMANCE MANDATES ARE ADOPTED IN CITIES,
CONCERNED SUBURBAN AND RURAL COMMUNITIES CAN PROGRESS
BENCHMARKING AT THE GRASSROOTS LEVEL.
AEC/O+M
BY DANIEL OVERBEY, AIA, LEED AP BD+C
DANIEL OVERBEY, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, IS THE DIRECTOR OF SUSTAINABLE
DESIGN PRACTICES FOR BROWNING DAY MULLINS DIERDORF ARCHITECTS
IN INDIANAPOLIS. OVERBEYS WORK FOCUSES ON HIGH-PERFORMANCE
BUILDING DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
RESEARCH, LEED-RELATED SERVICES AND ENERGY MODELING. HE CAN BE
REACHED AT DOVERBEY@BDMD.COM OR 317-635-5030.
eight states and local jurisdictions now have
energy-related disclosure requirements.
Interest in benchmarking policies is soaring.
All but one of these commercial and residen-
tial policies have been passed within the last
six years, and more than 15 states and local
jurisdictions have expressed serious interest
in developing building energy benchmarking
policies in the near future. Existing policies
already impact more than 60,000 buildings
totaling more than 4 billion square feet of
floor space in major real estate markets,
says Jessica Lawrence, program manager,
Building Energy Performance Policy at the
Institute for Market Transformation (IMT).
With the amount of interest we see for
benchmarking policies, these numbers are
very likely to double within five years.
Supporters of disclosure laws contend
that there are financial and job creation
benefits for the real estate market when
building performance data is publically
shared. According to a recent study by
IMT and the Political Economy Research
Institute (PERI) at the University of Mas-
sachusetts Amherst, a national building
energy rating and disclosure policy could
generate more than $7.8 billion in private
investment in energy efficiency measures
through 2020, and create more than 59,000
net new jobs in 2020 if a benchmarking
policy was adopted at the national level.
every five years and to report energy
consumption yearly.
Washington, D.C. and Philadelphia have
similar plans to release benchmarking data.
In the context of building performance
disclosure policies, the term benchmarking
is defined as tracking a buildings energy and
water consumption and comparing the build-
ings performance against its past perfor-
mance and the performance of other compa-
rable structures using standard metrics.
DISCLOSURE LAWS ADOPTED IN CITIES
To date, six major U.S. cities and two states
have adopted commercial building bench-
marking mandates. In the residential sector,
Benchmarking policies in the United States.
IMAGE COURTESY OF THE INSTITUTE FOR MARKET
TRANSFORMATION
27 www.edcmag.com
DATA DISCLOSURE AND LEED
The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) understands the
value of building performance data disclosure. Since 2009,
LEED-certified projects have been required to share whole-
building energy and water usage data for a period of at least
five years. Since then, the organization has also launched the
Building Performance Partnership (BPP), which serves to
provide building owners and facility managers with advanced
utility tracking and reconciliation of energy and water use at
the whole-building and end-use levels. Enrollment into the BPP
is voluntary, and over time USGBC intends to incorporate au-
tomated tracking and reporting infrastructures, visual displays
and a more robust list of BPP performance metrics, of which
energy and water usage will be just two.
Since its launch in April 2010, the BPP has expanded from
LEED-certified commercial projects to multifamily and single-
family residential projects. Recognizing that tracking energy,
water use and other performance metrics is a relatively new
concept that takes a while to get used to, especially for home-
owners, USGBC has partnered with WegoWise to facilitate util-
ity use monitoring and analysis through the BPP (see usgbc.
wegowise.com).
Tracking utility data post-certification and benchmarking it
against energy models and similar buildings helps project manag-
ers identify and eliminate errors to ensure that LEED-certified
projects meet their efficiency targets, says Sean Shanley, direc-
tor of Project Design at WegoWise. Visualizing energy and water
usage also helps people begin to intuitively understand how their
buildings operate, allowing them to better identify when a prob-
lem may be occurring.
Under Pilot Credit 38, single-family and multifamily residential
projects pursuing LEED certification may earn a credit for Ad-
vanced Utility Tracking through the BPP and WegoWise. In addi-
tion, USGBC is currently offering complimentary yearlong access
to WegoWise for more than 30,000 LEED for Homes certified
residential units, with more than an additional 67,000 registered
projects coming soon.
GRASSROOTS BENCHMARKING
Utility tracking and building performance benchmarking need
not be limited to jurisdictions with benchmarking policies or
LEED-certified structures. User-friendly services like WegoWise
are available to all. A basic membership to WegoWise is free for
single-family residences.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys ENERGY STAR
Portfolio Manager has long offered commercial building owners
the ability to gauge the relative efficiency of a facility through the
U.S. Department of Energys Commercial Buildings Energy Con-
sumption Survey (CBECS). However, for single-family residences
located in jurisdictions that are a long way from implementing
mandatory benchmarking policies, its possible to take control of
matters at the grassroots level. For instance, WegoWise can es-
tablish a localized benchmark with a sample of at least 20 similar
single-family residences.
Whether or not you live or work in a LEED-certified project or
dwell in a city with publicly disclosed building performance data,
services are available that enable anyone to track their utilities
and establish a local benchmark. That, in turn, can be leveraged
to extend the value of a real estate investment in any sector at
any scale. edc
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edc mar ch. 2013 27A
Today, sustainability
means lessening the damage
being done to the natural
environment. More than a
century ago, sustainable con-
A History of Sustainability
THE VALUES OF PAST LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE INSPIRE TODAYS GREENER COMMUNITIES .
AEC/O+M
BY THOMAS R. TAVELLA, FASLA
THOMAS R. TAVELLA, FASLA, IS DIRECTOR OF DESIGN FOR FUSS &
ONEILLS LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE STUDIO, AND PRESIDENT-
ELECT OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS.
MANCHESTER, CONN.-BASED FUSS & ONEILL IS RANKED AMONG
THE TOP 200 ENVIRONMENTAL FIRMS AND TOP 500 DESIGN FIRMS IN
THE U.S. TAVELLA CAN BE REACHED AT TTAVELLA@FANDO.COM.
cepts were promoted with a
different end result in mind:
lessen the damage being
done to the human spirit.
When Frederick Law
ested in promoting a new,
trendy philosophy regarding
how Americans should think
and behave. Rather, he was
interested in promoting the
Olmsted created the field of
landscape architecture in the
late 19th century, the Green
Revolution was a century
away. Olmsted wasnt inter-
www.edcmag.com 27B
creation of healthier cities
and more livable neighbor-
hoods within those cities.
During the late 19th cen-
tury, America was growing
up fast. The nations cities
experienced an explosion of
development that threatened
its residents quality of life.
Neighborhoods were choked
with smog, disease was ram-
pant, and many city residents
lived without the means to
depart their urban environs
and visit rural nature.
Social scientists rec-
ognized that these were
unhealthy living conditions,
and they began to promote
the creation of urban parks.
A prominent proponent
of greener cities, Olmsted
went on to create some of
Americas iconic parks,
including New Yorks Cen-
tral Park and the Emerald
Necklace in Boston. In 1899,
he was instrumental in the
creation of the American
Society of Landscape Ar-
chitects. Olmstead and his
contemporaries understood
that the more people are
outside, working and playing
in natural environments, the
greater potential they have
to be healthy.
In some ways, this was
the true origins of the Green
Revolution in America. It
took more than a century
to take hold, but the values
and advances encouraged by
those early landscape archi-
tects continue to promote
sustainability and improve
the quality of life in todays
communities.
GREEN ROOFS
People often think of land-
scape architecture as a way
to decorate or green up
properties or urban areas.
However, todays landscape
architects are providing
essential infrastructure
that does much more. For
example, green roofs are be-
coming increasingly popular,
and are now being featured
atop residential complexes,
business centers, commer-
cial developmentseven
parking garages!
Green roofs (also known
as living roofs) are com-
posed of trees and shrubs
or low-growth grasses and
sedums. In addition to of-
fering an attractive flourish
to the design of a building,
green roofs reduce building
heating and cooling costs,
provide wildlife habitat, and
reduce urban air tempera-
ture, which lessens urban
heat island effectthe phe-
nomenon in which a metro-
politan area is significantly
warmer than its surrounding
rural areas.
Green roofs can also help
absorb and filter stormwa-
ter, as well as reduce the
temperature of stormwater
that is discharged into sewer
systems, lakes and streams.
BIOFILTRATION SWALES
Landscape architects are
also promoting sustainability
in urban areas through the
use of green infrastructure
techniques such as biofil-
tration swales. Rainwater
collects pollutants before it
enters storm drains. The pol-
luted water then infiltrates
local streams and wetlands.
Biofiltration swales help
solve this problem.
Comprised of grasses
and durable plants that can
withstand the most extreme
conditions, including exten-
sive rain and severe heat,
biofiltration swales receive
stormwater runoff and slow
it down, which helps reduce
erosion and flooding. The
swales will clean the runoff
by naturally filtering out
contaminants before it is
then safely distributed to
sewers for disposal. Some
plants are able to filter
heavy metals from water,
which is particularly useful
in industrial areas.
...THE VALUES AND
ADVANCES ENCOURAGED
BY THOSE EARLY LANDSCAPE
ARCHI TECTS CONTI NUE TO
PROMOTE SUSTAI NABI LI TY AND
I MPROVE THE QUALI TY OF LI FE
I N TODAYS COMMUNI TI ES.
PERVIOUS PAVEMENT
Pervious pavement is another popular design element in
todays cities. There are various types of pervious pavements
and pavers, all of which contain voids through which storm-
water runoff can permeate into the soil. Pervious pavement
serves as a filtration system for oils and other contaminants
while allowing for groundwater recharge and reduced overland
runoff. This contaminant filtration can be especially beneficial
when used in roadways and other areas where vehicles often
leak contaminants.
Engineers and planners are sometimes hesitant to use pervi-
ous pavements in cold weather areas, fearing that they could
freeze over in icy weather. However, experience has shown
that they are useful in northern areas because their design
keeps the ground warmer than traditionally paved roadways.
PLANTS AND OTHER TYPES OF VEGETATION
Finally, the introduction of street trees and shrubs into urban
settings can have a dramatic impact on promoting sustainabil-
ity. The air quality benefits of plants are well known. Plants
can also cool the air, making the local environment healthier
during excessively hot weather. Air temperatures can be up
to 20 degrees cooler beneath trees than in surrounding areas,
an important health benefit for people who live in areas of
extreme heat. Trees and other types of vegetation can have a
dramatic positive impact by reducing heat island effect in cit-
ies and other developed areas.
A RICHER QUALITY OF LIFE
These are just a few examples of the many ways that land-
scape architects are making our towns and cities more
environmentally friendly, as well as more satisfying to the
human spirit. The end result is a richer quality of life for both
residents and visitors.
We are living in an age of constant technological advance-
ment. Many of the most important breakthroughs are in sus-
tainable technologies. In the coming years, we will surely see
more advances that will make our communities more sustain-
able, livable and healthier. edc
READ ABOUT BEST PRACTICES IN WATER CONSERVATION WHILE EARNING AIA AND GBCI CREDITS IN
WATER CONSERVATION 101: THE ELEMENTS OF FACILITY DESIGN. http://bit.ly/MjXGPf
28 edc mar ch. 2013
Buildings continue to be the
largest consumers of energy, by sector, in
the U.S. The USGBC is constantly looking
for new and innovative ways to address
this. Through the LEED Pilot Credit
LEED Pilot Credits: Creating
Opportunities for Energy
Efficiency & Savings
ENERGY JUMPSTART AND DEMAND RESPONSE MOVE LEEDS ATTENTION TO ENERGY FORWARD.
BY BRENDAN OWENS
BRENDAN OWENS IS THE VICE PRESIDENT OF LEED TECHNICAL
DEVELOPMENT FOR THE U.S. GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL.
First, some background: The LEED
Pilot Credit Library is a collection of
LEED credits that are available for test-
ing but have not yet become part of the
LEED rating system. Project teams can
Library, often referred to as LEEDs test
kitchen, project teams can test-run in-
novative, energy-saving, proposed LEED
credits that have the potential to make a
big impact.
AEC/O+M
29 www.edcmag.com
earn LEED points by completing these
credits and then sharing their findings.
The information that these project
teams share is crucial to the refinement
of the proposed credits and their adop-
tion into the LEED rating system. Each
innovative and cutting-edge addition
drives the industry to higher levels of
sustainability. Plus, project teams can
earn up to five LEED credits by trying
out the pilot creditsso utilizing pilot
credits benefits the industry and the
development of the rating system as
well as LEED projects and the teams
behind them.
LEED pilot credits range from design-
ing bird-friendly faades to optimizing
building acoustics, but the credits were
focused on in this piece are those that
hold big promise for energy efficiency.
ENERGY JUMPSTART: THE 69 PERCENT
Through the Energy and Atmosphere
pilot prerequisite 2 (EAp2)known as
Pilot Credit 67 or Energy Jumpstart
LEED is opening the door to existing
buildings projects that currently cannot
meet the minimum energy requirements
for the LEED rating system. These build-
ings, existing buildings that have the
greatest potential for energy savings,
represent a significant opportunity to
reduce the overall environmental, social
and economic impacts of the energy
used by the built environment. A small
investment in efficiency in these build-
ings can yield substantially more savings
than large investments in already high-
performing buildings. Energy Jump-
start seeks to address this problem by
opening up a certification pathway that
encourages buildings with this potential
to satisfy the energy prerequisites by
significantly improving their energy per-
formance and committing to continuous
improvement over time, thus creating
an access point for projects that were
likely not considering seeking LEED
certification but represent huge poten-
tial savings.
Heres how it works: The minimum
energy prerequisite acts as a gatekeeper
for existing buildings projects pursuing
LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations
and Maintenance (LEED-EB: O&M) certi-
fication by requiring projects to achieve
an ENERGY STAR score of at least
69 (these buildings must demonstrate
energy performance in the top 30 percent
among peer buildings).
But what about projects that arent
currently meeting this requirement and
wont without substantial effort? These
buildings have huge potential for sig-
nificant energy reductions and similarly
benefit from the other requirements of
the LEED-EB: O&M rating system (water
efficiency, indoor air quality, waste
minimization) but do not pursue LEED
because they cannot achieve an ENERGY
STAR score of 69.
Enter Energy Jumpstart: Through this
pilot credit, projects that demonstrate a
20 percent increase in energy efficiency
over a 12-month period (compared to a
three-year baseline) satisfy EAp2 and
can achieve LEED certification at the
Certified level if they have satisfied
the remaining prerequisites and earned
enough points. The pilot credit measures
the projects individual progress as op-
posed to its standing amongst peers. The
previous barrier to entry is gone and has
been replaced by a strong motivation to
get moving.
This is just the start of the journey
for these projects. Energy Jumpstart
projects are encouraged to continue to
make improvements in energy efficiency
over time. And since all projects certified
under LEED-EB: O&M must recertify
every five years to ensure ongoing per-
formance, they have the opportunity to
reach the Silver, Gold or even Platinum
level through the recertification process.
A project that utilized Energy Jumpstart
to get started with LEED could, with
enough elbow grease and demonstrated
performance, ultimately recertify as
Platinum. Who doesnt love a great un-
derdog story?
Energy Jumpstart is good for the
entire industry because it swings the
door open a little wider, providing an in-
centive for the 69 percent of the market
that is currently excluded from LEED
to improve their energy efficiency. The
pilot credit also quite literally jump-
starts energy savings and good energy-
efficiency practices in these projects.
Saving energyeven in smaller amounts
is a plus for the environment and the
economy. And through the LEED Recer-
tification program, these projects are
primed to achieve even bigger savings
down the road.
Energy Jumpstart represents an
exciting opportunity for sectors of the
existing buildings market to get started
with LEEDbut if you dont use it,
well lose it. Like all pilot credits, Ener-
gy Jumpstart will remain in the library
for testing and market feedback before
it can be incorporated into the LEED
rating system. If its not used by enough
projects to test it successfully, it may
have to be removed from the library.
DEMAND RESPONSE: BOTH SIDES
OF THE GRID
Another pilot credit with big energy-
savings and economic potential is
Demand Response, Energy and Atmo-
sphere Pilot Credit 8. Demand response
in a nutshell: When the grid becomes
stressed with too much demand, user-
side electricity consumption can be
scaled back. This creates opportunities
for buildings to respond to grid stress
in a way that benefits both electricity
providers and the buildings themselves:
Those who reduce energy use at times
of high demand on the grid may be
eligible for direct compensation, tax
incentives, rebates on future energy
purchases and other benefits.
A popular demand response anal-
ogy is based on airline booking. When
airlines overbook a flight, they ask for
volunteers who are willing to trade
their seats in return for a flight voucher
or some other perk. Think of the utility
companies as the airlines, and buildings
as the consumers who, in return for
financial compensation, can scale back
energy usage during peak usage times.
The Demand Response credit require-
ments encourage building owners to
take advantage of the utility incentives
available for buildings that help them
reduce stress and improve the reliabil-
ity of the grid. Like Energy Jumpstart,
this is another win-win for both sides of
the grid.
Pilot Credit 8, Demand Response, was
posted July 2010, marking the first time
that LEED projects were able to achieve
points for participating in demand
response programs. Demand Response
will shed its pilot credit status with the
release of the next update to the rating
systems, LEED v4. Demand Response
will graduate and become a credit with-
in the LEED rating system. edc
FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT ENERGY JUMPSTART, PLEASE
VISIT: http://bi t.l y/11sl F7n
FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT DEMAND RESPONSE,
PLEASE VISIT: http://bi t.l y/WCQ4ds
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D E S I G N T R E N D S I N S P I R AT I O N E D U C AT I O N
0 1 OV ER
31 www.edcmag.com
Everywhere I go, I see schools fall-
ing apart. On my way to work in Washing-
ton, D.C., I pass schools with broken win-
dows and crumbling bricks. In the Bronx,
Ive been inside schools where only one out
of four bathroom stalls is even remotely
usable. In Georgia, Ive met students and
teachers forced to take time away from the
classroom to treat headaches and asthma
attacks. In my capacity as the director of
the Center for Green Schools, Ive visited
schools in more than 27 states. I know that
our schools are in desperate need of repair.
But I, along with parents, elected officials
and taxpayers alike, have no way of know-
ing just how much fixing there is to do.
The fact is that the government hasnt
conducted a comprehensive survey of the
condition of U.S. public school facilities
in the last 17 years. In our newly released
State of our Schools report, the Center
for Green Schools and many of our key
partners including the National PTA,
the National Education Association, the
American Federation of Teachers and the
American Society of Civil Engineers, are
calling for an updated survey from the
U.S. Government Accountability Office
(GAO) on the condition of Americas
schools. Our hope is that a new study will
help paint a picture of deferred mainte-
nance and modernization needs for the
nearly 100,000 elementary and secondary
schools in this country.
In absence of that vital comprehensive
study from the GAO, we worked with the
21st Century School Fund to come up with
the best guess to define the scope of the
Repairing Our Educational
Foundation
THE LONGER WE WAIT TO FIX U.S. SCHOOLS, THE MORE ITLL COST US IN THE LONG RUN.
BY RACHEL GUTTER
RACHEL GUTTER I S THE DI RECTOR OF THE USGBCS CENTER FOR
GREEN SCHOOLS.
The Edy Ridge E.S. & Lauren Ridge M.S. project in Sherwood, Ore., is certified LEED Gold for
New Construction.
IMAGE COURTESY OF THE USGBC
AEC/O+M
challenge we face. Our report states that
approximately $271 billion is needed to
bring public schools in the United States
up to working order and comply with the
laws. But given that in 1995 the average
school was 40 years old, getting todays
schools to the way they were in yesteryear
will still fail to meet current educational,
health and safety standards. Adding mod-
ernization to this bill to meet the basic
needs of students and teachers brings the
total up to $542 billion.
32 edc mar ch. 2013
What this report really brings to light is that we are lacking criti-
cal data that allows us to address the safety, health, education and
environmental challenges of our public school facilities. Better
understanding would allow us to not only demonstrate that green
schools can bring significant benefits to school and district facilities,
but prove that we can invest the limited resources of schools more
efficiently, effectively and equitably.
Despite limited data, weve outlined key recommendations to
start communities, states and our nation toward a better under-
standing of where our school facilities stand. These include:
Expanding Common Core of Data collected annually by the Na-
tional Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to include school
level data on building age, building size and site size.
Improving the current fiscal reporting of school district facility
maintenance and operations data to the NCES so that utility
expenditures and maintenance are collected separately.
Improving the collection of capital outlay data from school
districts to include identification of the source of capital outlay
funding and distinctions between capital outlay categories for
new construction and for existing facilities.
Providing financial and technical assistance to states from
the U.S. Department of Education to incorporate facility data
in their state longitudinal education data systems.
Mandating a GAO facility condition survey to take place every 10
years, with the next one beginning immediately.
EDCs readers can support our efforts by raising awareness
about the impact that the conditions of school facilities have
on student performance and health. Join a local Green School
Committee (centerforgreenschools.org/chaptercommittees),
work on the ground to improve community schools through
our Green Apple Day of Service (mygreenapple.org), give the
gift of our Green Classroom Professional Certificate
(centerforgreenschools.org/GCP) to a teacher you know,
or connect with your local legislator on these important issues.
This isnt a conversation about better buildingsits a con-
versation about delivering better education to our students, and
ensuring that the places where they learn dont make them sick,
or in other ways jeopardize their future. edc
FOR MORE INFORMATION AND TO VIEW THE FULL REPORT, VISIT CENTERFORGREEN
SCHOOLS.ORG/STATEOFSCHOOLS.
A classroom at Thurgood Marshall Elementary School in Philadelphia. The school is LEED-EB Certified.
IMAGE COURTESY OF THE USGBC
Reth!nk FM
Connect & Communicate
At Facility Fusion, the brightest
minds in the industry come together to
connect, communicate and help redefine
modern-day facility management.
www.ifmafacilityfusion.org/EDC
34 edc mar ch. 2013
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN + CONSTRUCTION Volume 16, Issue 3 (ISSN 1095-8932) is published 12 times annually, monthly, by BNP Media II, L.L.C., 2401 W. Big Beaver Rd., Suite 700, Troy, MI
48084-3333. Telephone: (248) 362-3700, Fax: (248) 362-0317. No charge for subscriptions to qualified individuals. Annual rate for subscriptions to nonqualified individuals in the U.S.A.: $119.00 USD.
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publisher is not responsible for product claims and representations. Periodicals Postage Paid at Troy, MI and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to: ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
+ CONSTRUCTION, P.O. Box 2145, Skokie, IL 60076. Change of address: Send old address label along with new address to ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN + CONSTRUCTION, P.O. Box 2145, Skokie, IL 60076.
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Kalb at (248) 244-6499 or KalbR@bnpmedia.com.
Bluebeam Software Inc.
www. bl uebeam. com/ newvi si on
PAGE 3 RSN. 1
Bradley Corporation
www. br adl eycor p. com
PAGE 25 RSN. 105
Centiva
www. cent i va. com
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CertainTeed Ceilings
www. cer t ai nt eed. com
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Coverings
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PAGE 30
Duro-Last Roofing
www. dur o-l ast . com
PAGE 10 RSN. 6
Green Building Certification
Institute
www. gbci . or g/ mar i el a
PAGE 11 RSN.107
International Facility
Management Association
www. i f maf aci l i t yf usi on. or g/ EDC
PAGE 33 RSN.164
Johnsonite
www. j ohnsoni t e. com
PAGE 35 RSN.191
Lightfair International
www. l i ght f ai r. com
PAGE 34
Major Industries
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MBCI Group
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nora systems, Inc.
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Prosoco
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Roseburg Forest Products
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Sloan Valve Company
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PAGE 36 RSN.65
View company information
and product spec sheets in
our GREENbook at
www.edcmag.com/greenbook.
To request free information from EDC advertisers,
simply go to www.edcmag.com/webcard and enter the
corresponding reader service numbers listed below or
fill out the card located after page 14. Ad Index
Philadelphia, PA USA
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PHOTO CREDITS
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CANNON DESIGN | BILL TIMMERMAN / MARK SKALNY (2) UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE,
WASHINGTON, DC USA | LIGHTING DESIGN BY LAM PARTNERS | GLENN HEINMILLER, IALD, LAM
PARTNERS, BILL FITZ-PATRICK, UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE (3) CHANDLER CITY HALL EXTERIOR
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SOMETHING
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EVEN
Together, we will transform the built environment for everyone, within a generation.
OUR MEMBERS are leading a movement that will create 7.9 million jobs and add $554 million to the economy annually.
They are 13,000+ member companies that are building 1.6 million sq. f. of LEED-certied space per day.
They volunteered more than 240,000 hours to the green building movement in 2011.
Connect with other global industry leaders, access exclusive information and tools, and more at USGBC.ORG/JOIN.

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