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Psychological Disorders
You Are Acting Funny
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Every since civilization started many people have been suffering from psychologicaldisorders such as sadness and strange and awkward behavior. There have been manyof scientists that have tried to figure out the cure for them and treat these disorders.Classifying psychological disorders have their roots back far in ancient times with theRomans and the Egyptians.Even today, classifying psychological disorders follow a medical type model.However, classifying psychological disorders is not very easy and is harder than itsounds and is very controversial. Even though the classification system has
disadvantages, I think it’s safe to say that the classification system outweighs the
disadvantages.It provides a means of effective communication between psychologists. Also, theclassification system can help psychologists make predictions such as the probabilitythat a disorder will occur and about the individuals that are more likely to develop acertain mental disorder and about the rules for treatment.To help make classifying psychological disorders easier the American PsychiatricAssociation came out with the first system of grouping psychological disorders in theUnited States in 1952. This manual was known as the
DSM-IV
(Diagnostic andStatistical Manual of Mental Disorders).
 
 
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 The
1994 edition is the most current version that I’m aware of and includes 17 major 
classifications and describes more than 200 disorders. The
 DSM 
had undergonechanges and probably will go more in the future which shows the advancement inknowledge of psychological disorders over the years.The
 DSM-IV 
has added and dropped categories from its manual which has causedsome major controversial by psychologist you relied heavily on those techniques. Animportant feature of the
 DSM-IV 
is its multi axis features. It has five axes toaccurately diagnose an individual with a mental disorder by characterizing them interms of a number of factors. The five axes of 
 DSM-IV 
include:Axis I: Every diagnostic category except for personality disorders and mentalretardation.Axis II: Mental retardation and personality disorders.Axis III: Most medical conditionsAxis IV: Social and environmental complications.Axis V: Current functioning abilities.Axes I-II describes the majority of psychological disorders, and Axes III-V is notreally needed in diagnosing a psychological disorder but they are there to consider the
 person’s over all life situation. For example, an individual may have high blood
pressure which is an example of Axis III, which needs special precautions totreatment because some mediation can worsen the symptoms for individuals. The
 DSM-IV 
was put together by a number of mental health professionals and included adiverse range of audiences which was something missing in the previous manualsbecause the majority consisted of mostly white male psychiatrists.The biggest controversial part about the
 DSM-IV 
is that the symptoms are stilldescribed in a psychiatric manner. Even though more psychologists have participatedin it then ever, it still shows a medical model of diagnosing patients which puts lessemphasis on external factors such as environmental effects on mental disorders.
 
 
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 There are some common issues with labeling in the
 DSM-IV 
. Some of the categoriesfor mental disorders are what some people would include to be everyday harmlessactivities. For example, if someone has a hard time learning mathematics, or writingskills than that could be labeled as a mental disorder.Also, an addiction to some substances like a nice cappuccino from Starbucks wouldbe classified as a mental disorder because the individual will be viewed as having asubstance abuse problem. Furthermore some individuals that do not have a mentaldisorder may turn out to believe that they do by a simple misdiagnoses.The term that refers to when people believe that they believe something when it istold to them is known as the self fulfilling prophecy. Labels can also have harmfulside effects on the individual and cause them to lose self esteem when they think thatthey are mentally ill.A lot of time, individuals will avoid seeking help to avoid these labels because they
don’t want people to think of them differently. The DSM
-IV may have its critiques
and inaccuracies but it’s still the most comprehensive mental categ
orizing systemcurrently available. Like mentioned earlier, there are many categories for mentaldisorders.A very common one that affects close to 19.1 million Americans is anxiety disorders.If you constantly worry than that could be an indicator that you have some type of anxiety disorder. An anxiety disorder is a psychological disorder that can cause avariety of abnormalities in the motor function. Examples of anxiety disorder includegeneralized anxiety disorder, phobic disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, panicdisorder, post-
traumatic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. I’m going to discuss
generalized anxiety disorder first because its one of the more common anxietydisorders.
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