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SULIT 4541/2

NAMA:.................................................... Tingkatan :..............................


SULIT
4541/2
Kimia
Kertas 2
Ogos
2007
2 ½ jam
BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2007

KIMIA

Kertas 2

Dua jam tiga puluh minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Tuliskan nama dan tingkatan pada ruang


yang disediakan. Bahagian Soalan Markah Markah
2. Jawab semua soalan daripada Bahagian A. penuh diperoleh
Tuliskan jawapan anda dalam ruang yang 1 9
disediakan 2 10
3. Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B 3 10
dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian
A 4 11
C.Jawapan kepada bahagian B dan
Bahagian C hendaklah ditulis pada kertas 5 10
tulis. 6 10
4. Anda diminta menjawab dengan lebih B 7 20
terperinci untuk Bahagian B dan Bahagian
C. Jawapan mestilah jelas dan logik.
8 20
Persamaan, gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan 9 20
cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan C 10 20
jawapan anda boleh digunakan.
5. Anda hendaklah menyerahkan kertas tulis Jumlah
dan kertas tambahan, jika digunakan
bersama-sama dengan kertas soalan.
6. Penggunaan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak
boleh diprogramkan adalah dibenarkan.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 16 halaman bercetak

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Section A
[60 marks]
Answer all questions.

1 Table 1 shows the melting point and boiling point of four substances.

Substances Melting point/ ºC Boiling point/ ºC


P -5 67
Q -105 -38
R 80 140
S 801 1413

TABLE 1

(a) What is the physical state of P and S at room temperature?

P: ....................................................................................................................

S: ....................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(b) Draw the arrangement of particles of P at room temperature.

[1 mark]

(c) Explain why substance Q has a low melting point and boiling point.

............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................

. ............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

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(d) Draw the set up of apparatus to determine the melting point of substance R.

[2 marks]

(e) Sketch the graph of temperature against time for substance R when it is
heated from room temperature until it reaches a temperature of 100oC.

[2 marks]

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2 Diagram 2 shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements. A, B, C, D, E, F, G and


H do not represent the actual symbol of the elements.

A
B C D
E F G

DIAGRAM 2

Using the letters in the Periodic Table of Elements in Diagram 2, answer the
following questions.

(a) (i) Write the electron arrangement of atom F.

…………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
(ii) Give the formula of ion F.

…………………………………………………………………………....
[1 mark]

(b) Arrange the elements A, B, C, D, E, F and G according to the atomic size in


ascending order.

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(c) Element A exists as a monoatomic gas. Explain why.

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(d) Element D is more reactive than element G. Explain why.

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

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…………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(e) E reacts with D to form a compound.


(i) What is the type of the compound formed?

………………………………………………………………………. ….
[1 mark]

(ii) Draw the diagram of electron arrangement for the compound formed.

[2 marks]

(iii) State one physical property of the compound formed.

…………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]

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3 Diagram 3 shows two types of cell.

V
Copper Copper
Zinc plate
electrode plate

Copper(II)
nitrate solution

Cell J Cell K

DIAGRAM 3

(a) Write the formula of all the cations present in the copper (II) nitrate solution.

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(b) (i) State the observation at the cathode of cell J.

……………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(ii) Write a half equation for reaction that occurred in the cathode of cell J.

……………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark]

(iii) Name the reducing agent in the cell J.

…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

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(iv) Name the product formed at the anode if copper electrodes in cell J are
replaced by carbon electrodes.

…………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]

(c) Based on cell K,


(i) In which direction do electrons flow through the circuit in cell K? Show
your answer on Diagram 3.
[1 mark]

(ii) Name the reaction that occurs at the zinc plate.

……………………………………………………………………............
[1 mark]

(iii) State the changes in oxidation number for zinc in this reaction.

………………………………………………………………………........
[1 mark]

(iv) What happens to the cell voltage if the copper plate is replaced with the silver
plate?

…...………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(d ) Write overall ionic equation for the reaction.

. ………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

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4 Table 4 shows the particulars of four different types of manufactured substances


in industry.

Types Examples Components


Glass Borosilicate Silicon dioxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide and X
Polymer Z Vinyl chloride
Alloy Bronze Copper and Y
Composite Concrete (cement, sand and small pebbles) and
W
material steel

TABLE 4

(a) X is a part of the borosilicate glass. What is X?

........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) (i) Identify Y.

..................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) Bronze is harder than pure copper. Explain why.

................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

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(c) The following diagram shows a part of molecular structure of a compound Z.

H Cl H Cl H Cl

C C C C C C

H H H H H H

(i) Draw the structure of its monomer.

[1 mark]

(ii) Compound Z is often used as a water pipe. State one advantage of this type
of pipe as compared to metal pipes.

................................................................................................................................
[1mark]

(d) W can withstand high pressure and can support very heavy loads.
What is W?

.......................................................................................................................................
[1mark]
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(c) Ammonium fertilizers can be prepared by reactions between ammonia solutian
and acids.
(i) Write the chemical equation for the preparation of ammonium sulphate
fertilizer.

................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) Urea, CO(NH2)2 is another example of ammonium fertilizers. Between urea


and ammonium sulphate, which one is more suitable for the growth of
plants? Prove it.
[Relative atomic mass: H,1; C,12; N,14; O,16; S,32]

[3 marks]

5 Diagram 5 shows the structural formulae of compounds J and K.

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DIAGRAM 5

(a) State the homologous series for compounds J and K.

Compound J: ………………………………………………………….........

Compound K: …………………………………………………………….....
[2 marks]

(b) Compound K can be produced from compound J under a high temperature


and pressure in the presence of a catalyst.
(i) Name compound K.

……………………………………………………………………….......
[1 mark]

(ii) Name the reaction.

……………………………………………………………………............
[1 mark]

(c) Compound L is produced when an acidic potassium dichromate (VI)


solution is added into a test tube containing compound K.
(i) State one observation for this reaction.

......……………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

(ii) Write the molecular formula of compound L.

……………………………………………………………………….......
[1 mark]

(d) Compound J burns completely in excess oxygen.


(i) Write the chemical equation for the complete combustion of J.

....................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) 5.6 g of compound J undergoes complete combustion at room


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conditions. Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas released.
[1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room conditions;
Relative atomic mass: H,1; C,12]

[3 marks]
6 A pupil carried out an experiment to determine the value of heat of neutralization.
Diagram 6 shows the set up of the apparatus used in the experiment.

Thermometer

100 cm3of 2.0 mol dm-3


Sodium hydroxide solution Polystyrene cup

100 cm3of 2.0 moldm-3


hydrochloric acid

DIAGRAM 6

The following data was obtained;

Initial temperature of hydrochloric acid = 28oC


Initial temperature of sodium hydroxide solution = 28oC
Highest temperature of the mixture of product = 41oC

a) Why was a polystyrene cup used in this experiment?

…………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

(b) Given that the specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.2 Jg-1oC-1 and the
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density of the solution is 1.0 gcm-3.
(i) Calculate the change of heat in the experiment.

(ii) Calculate the heat of displacement in the experiment.

[3 marks]

(c) Draw the energy level diagram for the reaction.

[2 marks]

(d) Based on the experiment, what is meant by the heat of neutralisation?

…………………………………………………………………………….......
[1 mark]

(e) The pupil repeats the experiment by replacing hydrochloric acid with
ethanoic acid. All the other conditions remain unchanged.
(i) Predict the value of the heat of neutralisation?

…………………………………………………………………….........
[1 mark]

(ii) Explain why?


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………………………………………………………………………........

...………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………........

....................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

Section B
[20 marks]
Answer any one question.

Type of acid Concentration pH value 7 (a)


Ethanoic acid 0.1 mol dm-3 3.0
Nitric acid 0.1 mol dm-3 1.0

Explain why the pH values of these two acids are different.


[4 marks]

(b) The two solutions are tested with a dry red litmus paper and the results are
tabulated below:

Solution Observation
Ammonia in chloroform No change in colour
Ammonia in water Red litmus paper turns blue

Explain why only the aqueous ammonia solution turns red litmus paper
blue.
[5
marks]

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(c) You are required to prepare dry zinc sulphate salt. The chemicals supplied
are
• zinc nitrate solution
• dilute sulphuric acid
• sodium carbonate solution

Describe a laboratory experiment to prepare the salt. In your description,


include chemical equations involved.

[11 marks]

8 (a) What is meant by empirical formula?


[1 mark]

(b) A carbon compound contains 92.3% of carbon and 7.7% of hydrogen by


mass.
The relative molecular mass of this compound is 78.
Find the molecular formula of this compound.
[Relative atomic mass: C, 12; H, 1]
[5 marks]

(c) Describe how you could determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide
in the laboratory. Your description should include
• procedure of experiment
• tabulation of result
• calculation of the results obtained
[Relative atomic mass: O,16; Mg,24]
[14 marks]

Section C
[20 marks]
Answer any one question.

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9 (a) Define oxidation and reduction in term of changes in oxidation number.


[2 marks]

(b) Based on electron transfer, explain the oxidation and reduction reaction in
(i) changing of Fe2+ ions to Fe3+ ions
(ii) changing of Fe3+ ions to Fe2+ ions
Use a suitable example for each of the reaction. Include half equations in
your anwers.
[8 marks]
(c)
Electrical energy can be produced by redox reaction.

Describe an experiment to prove the above statement by the transfer of


electrons at a distance. In your description, include
• labelled diagram which shows the set up of apparatus
• procedure of experiment
• observations at both electrodes

[10 marks]

10 (a) (i) What is a catalyst?

(ii) State two characteristics of a catalyst.

(iii) Name one chemical process and the catalyst used in industry.
[4 marks]

(b) State two factors other than catalyst which can affect the rate of reaction.

Based on collision theory, explain how the factors that you mentioned can
affect the rate of reaction.
[8 marks]

(c) Knowledge about the factors that affect the rate of reaction is very useful in
human life.
State two activities at home and explain how the knowledge about the factors
that affect the rate of reaction is applied in the activities mentioned.
[8 marks]

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END OF QUESTION PAPER

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