The Strand, Swansea

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P1156 The Strand: archaeological assessment

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Summary.....................................................................................................................................3

Acknowledgements.....................................................................................................................3

Copyright notice.........................................................................................................................3

1. Introduction....................................................................................................................4

1.1 Planning history................................................................................................................41.2 Specification and methodology for study.........................................................................41.3 Assessment criteria...........................................................................................................4

2. Background.....................................................................................................................7

2.1 Location, Topography and Geology.................................................................................72.2 Walkover survey..............................................................................................................72.3 Historical & Archaeological background.......................................................................102.3.1 Prehistoric (up to AD43) and Roman (AD43 to 410)....................................102.3.2 Early Medieval (410 to 1066)........................................................................102.3.3 Medieval (1066 to 1485)................................................................................102.3.4 Post-medieval, Industrial, and modern (1485 to present)..............................102.4 The Study area................................................................................................................11

3. Archaeological Interests..............................................................................................124. Assessment....................................................................................................................14

4.1 The effect of the development has been assessed based on the assumption that the workswill be such that all archaeological deposits will be destroyed..................................................144.2 Effect on known sites (Table 3).....................................................................................144.3 Effect of development on newly identified and potential sites (Table 4)......................154.4 Potential for maritime remains.......................................................................................16

5. Mitigation......................................................................................................................17Bibliography.............................................................................................................................18Cartographic sources...............................................................................................................18Appendix I.................................................................................................................................19Map Regression........................................................................................................................19

Appendix II...............................................................................................................................26Walkover Survey......................................................................................................................26

Appendix III.............................................................................................................................29Aerial Photographs with Coverage of the Evaluation Area.................................................29

Appendix IV..............................................................................................................................30Gazetteer of archaeological interests......................................................................................30 List of TablesTable 1: Identified archaeological interests...........................................................................12

Table 2: New or potential sites identified by the current study...........................................13

Table 3: Effect of development on known sites.....................................................................14

Table 4: Effect of development on new or potential sites.....................................................15

List of FiguresFigure 1. Plan showing development area (red) and wider study area (green)....................8

Figure 2. Development area outline (red) showing archaeological interests (red dots)......9

Figure 3. 1843 Tithe map showing development area (red).................................................19

Figure 4. 1879 1

st

edition Ordnance Survey map showing development area (red)...........20

Figure 5. 1899 2

nd

edition Ordnance Survey map showing development area (red).........21

Figure 6. 1919 3

rd

edition Ordnance Survey map showing development area (red)..........22

Figure 7. Plan of Cambrian Pottery Boundaries (00831w) in 1792 highlighting STR08(Image reproduced from Mortan Nance 1942. Annotations © GGAT)..................23

P1156 The Strand: archaeological assessment

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Figure 8. Plan of Cambrian Pottery Boundaries (00831w) based on 1791 and 1802 planshighlighting 04644w/STR05 (Image reproduced from Morton Nance 1942.Annotation © GGAT)..................................................................................................24

Figure 9. Plan of Cambrian Pottery Boundaries (00831w) based on 1802 plan highlightingSTR09 (Image reproduced from Morton Nance 1942. Annotations © GGAT).....25

List of PlatesPlate 1: Multi-storey car park view to north east, site of former Glamorgan pottery(40678) and later fuel works, within development area............................................26

Plate 2: Waste ground along the Strand south of multi-storey car park, outsidedevelopment area..........................................................................................................26

Plate 3: Strand petrol filling station- development area, view to north.............................27

Plate 4: View north along the Strand towards Parc Tawe south outside of developmentarea................................................................................................................................27

Plate 5: Old Quaker Meeting House (03256w/91405) and entrance to Quaker BurialGround (03257w) outside of development area, view to west..................................28