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Staff Selection Commission Combined Graduate Level [Tier-1]
Subject : English Language and Comprehension Chapter: Parts of Speech Part-2
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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Agreement of the Verb With the Subject: A Detailed Discussion:Verb-Subject agreement plays a very important role in English Grammar. Even those who enjoy a good command over the language, sometimes commit mistakes. In the following discussion, we have given sixteen rules that teach the verb-subject agreement.

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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Rule 1 : If two or more singular nouns are joined by and, the verb used will be plural. Examples : (i) He and I were going to the market. (ii) Ram and Mohan are friends.

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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Adverb:An Adverb is a word that qualifies (i) a verb; (ii) an adjective; (iii) another adverb; (iv) a preposition. Examples : He runs fast. In this sentence, the word fast is an adverb because it qualifies the verb runs. She is quite an intelligent girl. In this sentence, the word quite is an adverb because it qualifies the adjective intelligent.
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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Some Important Facts About Adverbs:An adverb can qualify not merely individual words, but an entire assertive sentence. In this case, it must stand first in the sentence. Examples : Unfortunately, the thief was not caught. Evidently, you were much distressed at the news.

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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Kinds of Adverbs:According to their use, adverbs are subdivided into three classes : Simple Interrogative Relative

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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Simple Adverbs:Simple adverbs are used to modify the meaning of a verb, an adjective or an adverb. These can be distinguished from one another by their meanings. Time (Which shows when) 1. He will soon arrive. Place (Which shows where) 1. We must rest here. He went there.

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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Simple Adverbs: Frequency (Which shows how often) 1. He always stood by his master. Manner, Quality or State (Which shows how or in what manner) 1. She spoke loudly. Quantity, Extent or Degree (Which shows how much or in what degree or to what extent) 1. She is quite an intelligent girl.
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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Simple Adverbs: 1. 1. Affirming or Denying He did not come after all. Reason I fell off my bicycle, hence the bruises.

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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Interrogative Adverbs:This is the name given to those adverbs that are used for asking questions. Time 1. When do you intend to pay him? Place 1. Whether are you going? Number/Frequency 1. How often does he visit you?
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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Interrogative Adverbs:Manner, Quality or State 1. How are you today? (In what state of health) Quantity or Degree 1. How far was the statement true? (to what extent) Cause or Reason 1. Why did you do this? (for what reason)

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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Relative Adverbs:Relative adverbs are the same in form as interrogative adverbs, but instead of asking questions, they join two sentences together. These adverbs are called relative for two reasons- (1) because they relate to some antecedent, understood or expressed; (2) because they are formed from relative pronouns.

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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Types of Adverb:Adverb of Time : This shows when an action or something is done or happens. It answers the question When? It is either placed at the beginning or at the end of a sentence. Adverb of Place : This shows where an action or something is done or happens. It answers the question Where? It is placed after the verb. Adverb of Manner : This shows how an action or something is done. It answers the question How? It is usually placed just after the verb.
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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Types of Adverb:Adverb of Degree or Quantity : This answers the questions, To what degree? or How much? It is usually placed before the adjective and the adverb. Adverb of Frequency : This answers the question How often? Affirmative Adverb (yes) and Adverb of negation (No) Example : yes, surely, certainly, indeed, by all means, no, not at all, by no means.
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English Language and Comprehension Parts of Speech/Sentence

Types of Adverb:Interrogative Adverb (Question) Example : When? Where? How? Why? How much/often? Relative Adverb : when, where, how, why These words are the same in form as Interrogative Adverb; but they are not questions. Example : The time when he arrived. / The scene where the accident occurred. / He knows how to do it. / The reason why he left.
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