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CHAPTER1
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
The mechanical behavior of a material reflects the relationship
between its response or deformation to an applied load or force. Important mechanical properties are strength,
hardness,
ductility, and
stiffness.
The mechanical properties of materials are ascertained by performing carefully designed laboratory experiments that replicate as nearly as possible the service conditions. Factors to be considered include the nature of the applied
occurred at fracture.
Resilience is the capacity of a material to absorb energy during elastic deformation; modulus of resilience is the area
fracture.
Many ceramic bodies contain residual porosity, which is deleterious to both their moduli of elasticity and flexural strengths. On the basis of stressstrain behavior, polymers fall within three general classifications: brittle, plastic, and highly elastic.
These materials are neither as strong nor as stiff as metals, and their mechanical properties are sensitive to changes in temperature and strain rate. Viscoelastic mechanical behavior, being intermediate
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
CONDUCTOR-SEMICONDUCTOR-INSULATOR