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ReportChemicals – up close
Plastic shoes fromall over the world 
 
©
The Swedish Society for Nature ConservationText: Frida Hök. The section entitled Analysis method (p. 18) was written by the analysis company Swerea andproject manager Anders Blom.Analysis: SwereaPreparation and form: DuolongoPhotography: Mikael KårelindArticle number: 8 9420ISBN: 978-91-558-0008-6This study has been conducted with the aid of grants from SIDA. However, the content, opinionsand conclusions are entirely those of the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation.Note: If there is any uncertainty regarding the interpretation of the text, the Swedish version always prevails.
The Swedish Society or Nature Conservation (SSNC) has
been working to protect nature and the environment inSweden or more than 100 years, and working with con-
sumer power or 20 years. In many respects, Sweden is a role
model when it comes to environmental issues. Nevertheless,
products containing chemicals that are harmul to health and
the environment are still sold in Swedish shops.The SSNC conducts product surveys every year, and inrecent years has investigated e.g. the presence o chemicals
harmul to health and the environment in sun protection
products, t-shirts, hand towels and impregnation sprays. Onthis occasion we have investigated plastic shoes. The investi-gation has been conducted in collaboration with six organi-
sations:
•EcoWasteinthePhilippines•ToxicsLinkinIndia•GroundWorkinSouthAfrica•NAPEinUganda•EnvirocareinTanzania•BalifokusinIndonesia
The SSNC collaborates with these organisations, and through
this investigation it intends to extend this collaboration,
broaden discussions about chemicals that are harmul to
health and the environment that are present in goods, and to
spread the use o consumer power to bring about change.
This investigation shows that shoes purchased all over the
world contain substances such as soteners that are harmulto the reproductive system, toxic tin organic compounds, aswell as the heavy metals cadmium and lead. The aim o theSSNC and the co-operation organisations is to use this in-
vestigation to get politicians to realise that tighter legislation
is required in order to limit the use o chemicals that are
harmul to health and the environment. To date, the sector
has not shown itsel able to assume responsibility or the
health o consumers and the best interests o the environ-ment.Mikael Karlsson
President,Swedish Society for Nature Conservation
Preface
 
chemicals – up close
3
Summary 4Introduction 5
Businesspartners6Productionandconsumptionofshoes7
Chemicals in plastic shoes 8
Environmentalandhealthpropertiesofthetestedchemicals9Phthalates9Heavymetals9Azodyes11
Tin organic compounds 11
PAH(polyaromatichydrocarbons)12LegislationinSwedenandtheEU13Phthalates13
Heavy metals 14
Azodyes14
Tin organic compounds 14Shoes as waste – the spread o the chemicals in the environment 15
Method16Selectionofproductsforanalysis16Analysismethod19Halogens19Phthalates19PAH19Azodyes20
Tin organic compounds 20Heavy metals 20Checking compliance with the law as regardsconsumer inormation 20Results 22
Discussion26Adviceandrequirements30References31
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