ConcepTest PowerPoints (hapter )* Physics: Principles with Applications, 6th edition +iancoli

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ConcepTest 16.1a ,lectric (harge Two charged balls are repelling each other as they hang fro" the ceiling $hat can you say about their charges1 )% one is positive. the other is negative 2% both are positive /% both are negative 0% both are positive or both are negative

ConcepTest 16.1a ,lectric (harge Two charged balls are repelling each other as they hang fro" the ceiling $hat can you say about their charges1 )% one is positive. the other is negative 2% both are positive /% both are negative 0% both are positive or both are negative The fact that the balls repel each other only can tell you that they have the sa"e charge. charge but you do not know the sign So they can be either both positive or both negative 2ollow3up4 $hat does the picture look like if the two balls are oppositely charged1 $hat about if both balls are neutral1

ConcepTest 16.1b ,lectric (harge -2ro" the picture. what can you conclude about the charges1 )% 2% /% have opposite charges have the sa"e charge all have the sa"e charge

0% one ball "ust be neutral #no charge%

ConcepTest 16.1b ,lectric (harge -2ro" the picture. what can you conclude about the charges1 )% 2% /% have opposite charges have the sa"e charge all have the sa"e charge

0% one ball "ust be neutral #no charge%

The +5,,6 and P-67 balls "ust have the sa"e charge. since they repel each other The 8,99:$ ball also repels the +5,,6. so it "ust also have the sa"e charge as the +5,,6 #and the P-67%

ConcepTest 16.2a (onductors ' "etal ball hangs fro" the ceiling by an insulating thread The ball is attracted to a positive3charged rod held near the ball The charge of the ball "ust be4 )% positive 2% negative /% neutral 0% positive or neutral 5% negative or neutral

ConcepTest 16.2a (onductors ' "etal ball hangs fro" the ceiling by an insulating thread The ball is attracted to a positive3charged rod held near the ball The charge of the ball "ust be4 )% positive 2% negative /% neutral 0% positive or neutral 5% negative or neutral

(learly. the ball will be attracted if its charge is negative However. even if the ball is neutral. neutral the charges in the ball can be separated by induction #polari;ation%. leading to a net attraction
re"e"ber the ball is a conductor<

2ollow3up4 $hat happens if the "etal ball is replaced by a plastic ball1

ConcepTest 16.2b (onductors -Two neutral conductors are connected by a wire and a charged rod is brought near. but does not touch The wire is taken away. and then the charged rod is re"oved $hat are the charges on the conductors1 0 0 )% 2% /% 0% 5% 0 = > = > 0 > = = >

ConcepTest 16.2b (onductors -Two neutral conductors are connected by a wire and a charged rod is brought near. but does not touch The wire is taken away. and then the charged rod is re"oved $hat are the charges on the conductors1 )% 2% /% 0% 5% 0 = > = > 0 0 > = = > 0

$hile the conductors are connected. positive charge will flow fro" the blue to the green ball due to polari;ation :nce disconnected. the charges will re"ain on the separate conductors even when the rod is re"oved 2ollow3up4 $hat will happen when the conductors are reconnected with a wire1

ConcepTest 16.3a (oulo"bAs 9aw $hat is the "agnitude of the force 221 F) @ /6 )% ) 0 6 2% ) 5 6 /% 2 0 6 F2 @ 1

0% / 0 6 5% * 0 6

ConcepTest 16.3a (oulo"bAs 9aw $hat is the "agnitude of the force F21 F) @ /6 )% ) 0 6 2% ) 5 6 /% 2 0 6 F2 @ 1

0% / 0 6 5% * 0 6

The force F2 "ust have the same ma nitude as F) This is due to the fact that the for" of (oulo"bAs 9aw is totally sy""etric with respect to the two charges involved The force of one on the other of a pair is the sa"e as the reverse 6ote that this sounds suspiciously like 6ewtonAs /rd 9aw<<

ConcepTest 16.3b (oulo"bAs 9aw -F) @ /6

F2 @ 1

)% /B0 6 2% / 0 6 /% )2 6 0% )* 6 5% 0C 6

-f we increase one charge to 0?. what is the "agnitude of F)1 F) @ 1

0?

F2 @ 1

ConcepTest 16.3b (oulo"bAs 9aw -F) @ /6

F2 @ 1

)% /B0 6 2% / 0 6 /% )2 6 0% )* 6 5% 0C 6

-f we increase one charge to 0?. what is the "agnitude of F)1 F) @ 1

0#

F2 @ 1

:riginally we had4 F) @ !"#$"#$%r2 @ / 6 6ow we have4 F) @ !"&#$"#$%r2 which is 0 ti"es bigger than before 2ollow3up4 6ow what is the "agnitude of F21

ConcepTest 16.3c (oulo"bAs 9aw --The force between two charges separated by a distance d is F -f the charges are pulled apart to a distance /d. what is the force on each charge1 )% D F 2% / F /% F 0% )B/ F 5% )BD F F F

d
? ?

/d

ConcepTest 16.3c (oulo"bAs 9aw --The force between two charges separated by a distance d is F -f the charges are pulled apart to a distance /d. what is the force on each charge1 )% D F 2% / F /% F 0% )B/ F 5% )BD F F F

:riginally we had4 Fbefore @ !"#$"#$%d2 @ F 6ow we have4 Fafter @ !"#$"#$%"3d$2 @ )BD F

d
? ?

/d
2ollow3up4 $hat is the force if the original distance is halved1

ConcepTest 16.&a ,lectric 2orce Two balls with charges =# and =0# are fi&ed at a separation distance of /' -s it possible to place another charged ball #0 on the line between the two charges such that the net force on #0 will be ;ero1 )% yes. but only if #0 is positive 2% yes. but only if #0 is negative /% yes. independent of the sign #or value% of #0 0% no. the net force can never be ;ero

=# /'

=0#

ConcepTest 16.&a ,lectric 2orce Two balls with charges =# and =0# are fi&ed at a separation distance of /' -s it possible to place another charged ball #0 on the line between the two charges such that the net force on #0 will be ;ero1 ' positive charge would be repelled by both charges. so a point where these two repulsive forces cancel can be found ' negative charge would be attracted by both. and the sa"e argu"ent holds 2ollow3up4 $hat happens if both charges are =#1 $here would the F @ 0 point be in this case1
=# /' =0#

)% yes. but only if #0 is positive 2% yes. but only if #0 is negative /% yes. independent of the sign #or value% of #0 0% no. the net force can never be ;ero

ConcepTest 16.&b ,lectric 2orce -Two balls with charges =# and =0# are separated by /' $here should you place another charged ball #0 on the line between the two charges such that the net force on #0 will be ;ero1

=# ) 2 ' /' / 0 2' 5

=0#

ConcepTest 16.&b ,lectric 2orce -Two balls with charges =# and =0# are separated by /' $here should you place another charged ball #0 on the line between the two charges such that the net force on #0 will be ;ero1
=# ) 2 ' /' / 0 2' 5 =0#

The force on #0 due to =# is4 The force on #0 due to =0# is4

F @ !"#($"#$%'2 F @ !"#($"&#$%"2'$2

Since =0# is 0 ti"es bigger than =#. then #0 needs to be farther fro" =0# -n fact. #0 "ust be twice as far fro" =0#. since the distance is sEuared in (oulo"bAs 9aw

ConcepTest 16.&c ,lectric 2orce --Two balls with charges =# and >0# are fi&ed at a separation distance of /' -s it possible to place another charged ball #0 anywhere on the line such that the net force on #0 will be ;ero1 )% yes. but only if #0 is positive 2% yes. but only if #0 is negative /% yes. independent of the sign #or value% of #0 0% no. the net force can never be ;ero

=# /'

> 0#

ConcepTest 16.&c ,lectric 2orce --Two balls with charges =# and >0# are fi&ed at a separation distance of /' -s it possible to place another charged ball #0 anywhere on the line such that the net force on #0 will be ;ero1 )% yes. but only if #0 is positive 2% yes. but only if #0 is negative /% yes. independent of the sign #or value% of #0 0% no. the net force can never be ;ero

' charge #positive or negative% can be placed to the le)t of the =# charge. such that the repulsive force fro" the =# charge cancels the attractive force fro" >0# 2ollow3up4 $hat happens if one charge is =# and the other is >#1
/' =#

> 0#

ConcepTest 16.*a Proton and ,lectron ' proton and an electron are held apart a distance of ) " and then released 's they approach each other. what happens to the force between the"1 )% it gets bigger 2% it gets s"aller /% it stays the sa"e

ConcepTest 16.*a Proton and ,lectron ' proton and an electron are held apart a distance of ) " and then released 's they approach each other. what happens to the force between the"1 )% it gets bigger 2% it gets s"aller /% it stays the sa"e

Fy (oulo"bAs 9aw. the force between the two charges is inversely proportional to the distance sEuared So. the closer they get to each other. the bigger the electric force between the" gets<

Q1Q 2 F =k r2

2ollow3up4 $hich particle feels the larger force at any one "o"ent1

ConcepTest 16.*b Proton and ,lectron -' proton and an electron are held apart a distance of ) " and then released "o"ent1 $hich particle has the larger acceleration at any one )% proton 2% electron /% both the sa"e

ConcepTest 16.*b Proton and ,lectron -' proton and an electron are held apart a distance of ) " and then released "o"ent1 $hich particle has the larger acceleration at any one )% proton 2% electron /% both the sa"e

p The two particles feel the sa"e force Since F + ma. the particle with the s"aller "ass will have the larger acceleration This would be the electron

Q1Q 2 F =k r2

ConcepTest 16.*c Proton and ,lectron --' proton and an electron are held apart a distance of ) " and then let go $here would they "eet1 )% in the "iddle 2% closer to the electronAs side /% closer to the protonAs side

ConcepTest 16.*c Proton and ,lectron --' proton and an electron are held apart a distance of ) " and then let go $here would they "eet1 )% in the "iddle 2% closer to the electronAs side /% closer to the protonAs side

Fy 6ewtonAs /rd 9aw. the electron and proton feel the sa"e force Fut. since F + ma. and since the protonAs "ass is "uch greater. greater the protonAs acceleration will be "uch s"aller< s"aller Thus. they will "eet closer to the protonAs original position

2ollow3up4 $hich particle will be "oving faster when they "eet1

ConcepTest 16.6 2orces in 2!

$hich of the arrows best represents the direction of the net force on charge =# due to the other two charges1
d

2 / 0

=2#

=#
d

=0#

ConcepTest 16.6 2orces in 2!

$hich of the arrows best represents the direction of the net force on charge =# due to the other two charges1
d

2 / 0

=2#

=#
d

=0#
The charge =2# repels =# towards the right The charge =0# repels =# upwards. but with a stronger force Therefore. the net force is up and to the right. but "ostly up 2ollow3up4 $hat happens if the yellow charge would be =/#1

=2#

=0#

ConcepTest 16.- ,lectric 2ield

8ou are sitting a certain distance fro" a point charge. and you "easure an electric field of ,0 -f the charge is doubled and your distance fro" the charge is also doubled. what is the electric field strength now1 #)% 0 ,0 #2% 2 ,0 #/% ,0 #0% )B2 ,0 #5% )B0 ,0

ConcepTest 16.- ,lectric 2ield

8ou are sitting a certain distance fro" a point charge. and you "easure an electric field of ,0 -f the charge is doubled and your distance fro" the charge is also doubled. what is the electric field strength now1 #)% 0 ,0 #2% 2 ,0 #/% ,0 #0% )B2 ,0 #5% )B0 ,0

5e"e"ber that the electric field is4 , @ !#%r2 !oubling the charge puts a factor of 2 in the nu"erator. but doubling the distance puts a factor of 0 in the deno"inator. because it is distance sEuared<< :verall. that gives us a factor of )B2 2ollow3up4 -f your distance is doubled. what "ust you do to the charge to "aintain the sa"e , field at your new position1

ConcepTest 16..a 2ield and 2orce Fetween the red and the blue charge. which of the" e&periences the greater electric )ield due to the green charge1 )% 2%

=) =2

/% the sa"e for both

=)

=2

=)

=)

ConcepTest 16..a 2ield and 2orce Fetween the red and the blue charge. which of the" e&periences the greater electric )ield due to the green charge1 )% 2%

=) =2

/% the sa"e for both

=)

=2

=)

=)

Foth charges feel the sa"e electric field due to the green charge because they are at the sa"e point in space< space

Q E=k 2 r

ConcepTest 16..b 2ield and 2orce -Fetween the red and the blue charge. which of the" e&periences the greater electric )orce due to the green charge1 )% 2%

=) =2

/% the sa"e for both

=)

=2

=)

=)

ConcepTest 16..b 2ield and 2orce -Fetween the red and the blue charge. which of the" e&periences the greater electric )orce due to the green charge1 )% 2%

=) =2

/% the sa"e for both

=)

=2

=)

=)

The electric field is the sa"e for both charges. but the force on a given charge also depends on the "agnitude of that specific charge

F = qE

ConcepTest 16./a Superposition $hat is the electric field at the center of the sEuare1

32 (

2 /

) 0

5% , @ 0

32 (

ConcepTest 16./a Superposition $hat is the electric field at the center of the sEuare1

32 (

2 /

) 0

5% , @ 0

32 (

2or the upper charge. the , field vector at the center of the sEuare points towards that charge 2or the lower charge. the sa"e thing is true Then the vector su" of these two , field vectors points to the left 2ollow3up4 $hat if the lower charge was =2 (1 $hat if both charges were =2 (1

ConcepTest 16./b Superposition -$hat is the electric field at the center of the sEuare1

32 (

2 /

) 0

32 (

5% , @ 0

32 (

32 (

ConcepTest 16./b Superposition -$hat is the electric field at the center of the sEuare1

32 (

2 /

) 0

32 (

5% , @ 0

32 (

32 (

The four , field vectors all point outwards fro" the center of the sEuare toward their respective charges Fecause they are all eEual. the net , field is ;ero at the center<< center 2ollow3up4 $hat if the upper two charges were =2 (1 $hat if the right3hand charges were =2 (1

ConcepTest 16./c Superposition --3#

$hat is the direction of the electric field at the position of the 0 1

=#

2 =# ) 5

/ 0

ConcepTest 16./c Superposition --3#

$hat is the direction of the electric field at the position of the 0 1

=#

2 =# ) 5

/ 0

The two =# charges give a resultant , field that is down and to the right The ># charge has an , field up and to the left. left but s"aller in "agnitude Therefore. the total electric field is down and to the right 2ollow3up4 $hat if all three charges reversed their signs1

ConcepTest 16.1( 2ind the (harges

Two charges are fi&ed along the 13a&is They produce an electric field , directed along the negative y3a&is at the indicated point $hich of the following is true1 )% charges are eEual and positive 2% charges are eEual and negative /% charges are eEual and opposite 0% charges are eEual. but sign is undeter"ined 5% charges cannot be eEual y

?)

?2

ConcepTest 16.1( 2ind the (harges

Two charges are fi&ed along the 13a&is They produce an electric field , directed along the negative y3a&is at the indicated point $hich of the following is true1 )% charges are eEual and positive 2% charges are eEual and negative /% charges are eEual and opposite 0% charges are eEual. but sign is undeter"ined 5% charges cannot be eEual y

The way to get the resultant P-67 vector is to use the +5,,6 and F9U, vectors These , vectors correspond to eEual charges #because the lengths are eEual% that are both negative #because their directions are toward the charges% ?)

?2

2ollow3up4 How would you get the , field to point toward the right1

ConcepTest 16.11 Unifor" ,lectric 2ield

-n a unifor" electric field in e"pty space. a 0 ( charge is placed and it feels an electrical force of )2 6 -f this charge is re"oved and a * ( charge is placed at that point instead. what force will it feel1 )% )2 6 2% C 6 /% 20 6 0% no force 5% )C 6

ConcepTest 16.11 Unifor" ,lectric 2ield

-n a unifor" electric field in e"pty space. a 0 ( charge is placed and it feels an electrical force of )2 6 -f this charge is re"oved and a * ( charge is placed at that point instead. what force will it feel1 Since the 0 ( charge feels a force. there "ust be an electric field present. with "agnitude4 , + F % 2 + 12 3 % & C + 3 3%C :nce the 0 ( charge is replaced with a * ( charge. this new charge will feel a force of4 F + 2 , + "6 C$"3 3%C$ + 1. 3 2ollow3up4 $hat if the charge is placed at a di))erent position in the field1 )% )2 6 2% C 6 /% 20 6 0% no force 5% )C 6

ConcepTest 16.12a ,lectric 2ield 9ines )% $hat are the signs of the charges whose electric fields are shown at right1 2% /% 0% 5% no way to tell

ConcepTest 16.12a ,lectric 2ield 9ines )% $hat are the signs of the charges whose electric fields are shown at right1 2% /% 0% 5% no way to tell

,lectric field lines originate on positive charges and ter"inate on negative charges

ConcepTest 16.12b ,lectric 2ield 9ines -$hich of the charges has the greater "agnitude1 )% 2% /% Foth the sa"e

ConcepTest 16.12b ,lectric 2ield 9ines -$hich of the charges has the greater "agnitude1 )% 2% /% Foth the sa"e

The field lines are denser around the red charge. charge so the red one has the greater "agnitude 2ollow3up4 $hat is the redBgreen ratio of "agnitudes for the two charges1