APPENDIX C

Periodic Table of the Elements

Group
I

Group
II

Transition elements

1.008 0
1s1

Li

Be

6.94

9.012

2s1

2s 2

Na

11

Mg

22.99

24.31

3s1

3s 2

19

Ca

4s

4s

37

12

20

Sc

21

3d 4s

87.62

88.906

Cs

55

132.91
1

6s

Fr

Ba

56

3d 4s

57-71*

3d 4s

40

Nb

Hf

41

Mo
5

Ta

180.95

183.85

Ra

88 89-103**

Rf

5d 6s

104

Db

(223)

(226)

(261)

(262)

7s1

7s 2

6d 2 7s 2

6d 37s 2

*Lanthanide series

**Actinide series

La

57

5d 6s

105

Ce

4d 5s

Sg

5d 6s

106

(263)

58

Pr

44

75

Os

Bh

5d 6s

107

Nd

76

Ir

Hs

5d 76s 2

108

Pm

Mt

61

Sm

140.12

140.91

144.24

(147)

150.4

5d 16s 2

5d 14f 16s 2 4f 36s 2

4f 46s 2

4f 56s 2

4f 66s 2

89

Th

90

Pa

91

U
(238)

92

Np
(239)

93

Pu

62

94

(227)

(232)

(231)

6d 17s 2

6d 27s 2

5f 26d 17s 2 5f 36d 17s 2 5f 46d 17s 2 5f 66d 07s 2

(239)

Atomic mass values given are averaged over isotopes in the percentages in which they exist in nature.
For an unstable element, mass number of the most stable known isotope is given in parentheses.
Elements 110, 111, 112, and 114 have not yet been named.
For a description of the atomic data, visit physics.nist.gov/atomic

A.32

109

(266)

138.91

Ac

77

192.2
2

(265)

60

45

4d 85s1

190.2
2

Rh
102.91

4d 5s

(262)

59

Ru
7

27

3d 74s 2

101.1
2

Co
58.93

3d 4s

43

Re
5

26

186.2

Fe
55.85

Tc
5

74

25

(99)
1

178.49
5d 6s

3d 4s

42

4d 5s

73

Mn
54.94

95.94
1

4d 5s

72

24

3d 4s

92.91
2

Cr
51.996

91.22
4d 5s

23

50.94
2

Zr
2

Electron configuration

137.34
6s

87

4d 5s

22
2

39

5s

Ti
47.90

85.47
5s

Atomic number

4s 2

44.96
38

20

40.08

Atomic mass

Sr

Ca

Symbol

40.08

39.102

Rb

A.33

Periodic Table of the Elements

Group
III

Group
IV

Group
V

Group
VI

Group
VII

Group
0

10.81
2p

Al

13

Ni

28

3d 4s

Pd

3d 4s

46

10

Pt

30

10

Ag

3d 4s

47

112.40
10

Au

4d 5s

79

4p

48

10

Ga

Hg

In

18.998

2p

Si

14

P
3p

32

50

S
3p

As
4p

2p

16

32.06

33

74.92

Sn

15

30.97

Ge

2p

Se

34

4p

Sb

51

Te

52

127.60

126.90

Tl

81

Pb

82

5p

Bi

83

5p

Po

84

Xe
5p 6

At

85

Rn

196.97

200.59

204.37

207.2

208.98

(210)

(218)

(222)

5d 96s1

5d 106s1

5d 106s 2

6p1

6p 2

6p 3

6p 4

6p 5

6p 6

(269)

Eu

111
(272)

63

Gd

112

Tb

86

114

(277)

64

54

131.30

195.09
110

36

4p 6

53

121.75

Kr
83.80

5p

35

118.69

18

3p 6

Br
4p

Ar
39.948

5p

17

79.91

10

2p 6

Cl
3p

Ne
20.18

35.453

78.96

1s 2

114.82
5p

80

15.999

4p

49

72.59

14.007

3p

31

28.09

69.72
2

Cd

107.87
4d 5s

78

Zn
65.37

10

106.4
4d

29

63.54

58.71
8

Cu

12.011
2p

26.98
3p

4.002 6

1.008 0
1s

He

(289)

65

66

Ho

67

Er

68

Tm

69

Yb

70

Lu

71

152.0

157.25

162.50

164.93

167.26

168.93

173.04

174.97

4f 76s 2

5d 14f 76s 2 5d 14f 86s 2 4f 106s 2

4f 116s 2

4f 126s 2

4f 136s 2

4f 146s 2

5d 14f 146s 2

Fm

Md

No

Lr

Am
(243)

95

Cm
(245)

158.92

Dy

96

Bk
(247)

97

Cf
(249)

98

Es
(254)

99

(253)

100

(255)

101

102

(255)

5f 76d 07s 2 5f 76d 17s 2 5f 86d 17s 2 5f 106d 07s 2 5f 116d 07s 2 5f 126d 07s 2 5f 136d 07s 2 6d 07s 2

103

(257)
6d 17s 2