{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

tUm. Iqn apl-Z- en

Ckvem-anIv ]n-jnwKv lukv

tImgn-tmSv, Xncp-h-\--]p-cw, Fd-Wm-Ipfw, Xriq, Iq, ae-pdw

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

"KoXm-en' t]mse
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS Hc-\p-Km-Xm-h Rm. Fm B {]m-\s-p-dnv kmam\yw \m-bd- n-bpw FmWv hnizm-kw. AXp-sIm-mhmw,
Pam-As
- Ckvem-an-bp-ambn kqvaa- mb Hcp am\-knI _-ap-s-\n-.v
AXp-sIm-mWv Pam-As Ckvem-an-s-Xnsc `c-WI
- qSw \ntcm-[\
- a- p-bnb-tm, cv k`-f
- nepw Rm\-Xn-s\-Xnsc {]Xn-Ic- n-Xpw \ntcm[w \onb-tm ktm-jt- msS {]kvXm-h\
- b
- n-d
- n-bX
- pw. IqSp-X ]Tn-m {ian-tm aXnpw aa-Xbpw IqSn-bn-t-bp-q.
Xpd--a-\-tmsS Imcy- I-dnv hne-bn-cp-m-\p a\pw
Ignhpw \apv ssItamiw hp-sIm-n-cn-p-Ib
- m-Wv. CXp-m-p hn]p-I, Zphn-\I
- Zp-la- m-Wn-v. CXp-hg- n-bp-m-Ip kmaqly \jvS A]-cn-lm-cy-f
- p-am-W.v Adn-bm {ian-p-I, Adn-X
- n-\p-tijw AwKoI-cn-p-Itbm Ah-KW
- n-p-Itbm sNp-I AXmWv am\y-am-bk
- a- o-]\
- w, am\pjn-Ihpw AXm-Wv \p-tSXv A\y-am-bn-q-Sm.
ap[m-cW
- I
- s- fm-p-an-m-, em`-tN-X
- s- fmpw kzm[o-\n-m-\n-Sb
- n-m, sXfn a\-tm-sS-bmWv Rm Pam-As Ckvem-ansb Adn-bm
{ian-X
- .v Fs [mc-WI
- ChnsS hmb-\
- m-cp-ambn ]p-sh-p-Xv AkwK-Xa- m-Im km[y-Xb
- n-.
Pam-As Ckveman kXy-th-Zh
- n-izm-k
- ns hf-q-dp an-emWv
thtcmn \np-X
- v. Jp-B hnfn-d- n-bn-p kXy-Zo-\ns kwm-]\-amWv AXns hn`m-hn-Xe
-
- yw.
aXhpw ssZhhpw Ign \qm-ns a\w aSp-n ]Z-f
- m-sW-nepw
]pXnb \qm-n Ahbvv {]nb-ta-dn-hc
- p-p. Atm AXo-XI
- m-es
]ng-hp-Ifpw Zpc-\p-`h
-
- f
- p-am-hn-m-Xn-cn-m ip-amb a\pw kXyamb ssZhhpw ]pXnb Ime-n-sbpw temI-n-sbpw apn {]Xyp-c- n-s-SW
- w. DJ-\\w Akm-[y-am-n-op-amdv Bg-b
-
- f
- p \nKq-VX-I AS-bnv InS-p Poh-{]-]
- s- -p-dnv sF{nb hym]m-cP
- \
- y-amb
imkv{X-pw Ah hncNq-p tIhew _mly-amb hnIm-c{- ]-]
- n DWvp-hf
- v Ahsb sXmp-cp-n-g- n-bp Iem-k
- m-ln-Xy-k
- u-tcym-]m-[n-Ipw kqvaa- m-sbm-p-ad- n-bn F-XmWv kXyw. C{n-bP
- \
- yamb hnNmc {]]-
- nse khm-[n-Im-cn-bmWv imkv{X-. hnImc km{amPy-ns sNtm Iem-Im-cs ssIbn-ep-am-Wp-X
- .v Atm \nKq-VX
- I
- -

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

fn-eq-p-\n-e
v p kqvahpw ka-{K-hp-amb Pohn-Xs- -p-dn-d- n-bm AXo{n-ba- mb amKs B{i-bn-p-Ib
- m-W`- n-Im-ayw.
{]hm-NI
- a- mK-aX
- mWv; sXfn-hp B amKw hnc Nqp-Xv kh-i-\mb ssZh-k
- n-[n-bn-te-pw. ssZh \ntbmKw sImv {]]-s
- bpw
Pohn-Xs- bpw kw_-nv AKm-[a- m-bd- n-, B kqva
m\w a\p-jy\v
apn Xpd-p-Im-n, Ah-\nse ssZh-Z
- a- mb hnti-j_
- p-n-sb-bp-Wn,
`mh-tIm-i
- sf hnI-kz-ca- mn kXy-n-tev \bn-p-Ib
- mWv {]hm-NI
- Z- uXyw.
Ckvem-ans [ahpw {]Ir-Xh
- p-aX
- m-sW-n, AXn-eqn AXns {]NmcWw \nh-ln-m\pw {]tbm-Kh
- -cWw km[n-m\pw {]Xn-m-_
- a- mb
Pam-As Ckveman F {]m-\
- n\v aX-c- m-j{v So-b
- f
- psS ]cn-th-ja- Wn-bn-p-Xv A\p-Nn-Xa- m-W.v GI-ssZ-h
- nepw a\p-jy-km-tlm-Zc- y-nepw
\nc-p-ih
- n-izmkw kqn-p kXy-thZ kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS temI hoWw
AYhm hn`m-hn-Xe
- yw ssZh-ns temIw ]p\x-kr-jSv n-p-Ib
- m-W.v Hcp
ttm-WnIv k-ev]a- mbn Cu \h-temIw hnti-jn-n-s
- -t-m-sa-nepw
AXmWv a\p-jy\v hn`mh sNm-hp BZi-am{X {]`m-kn-Xa- mb Htc-sbmcp
\temIw AYhm ssZh-cm-Pyw.
av aX Zi-\
- f
- n\nv Xopw hyXy-kX
v a- mb Cu Pohn-Xt- h-Zm-ns abq-Ja- m-eI
- BZy-Ime apkvenw Pohn-X
- n A`n-Zin-m Ncn{X-n\v Ign-n-p-s-nepw a\p-jy-Iq-e
- n-t\ alm-im]w t]mse B
aXm-Xo-Xa- Xw Cv ]e aX-f
- n-sem-p-am-{X-ambn hnhW-ambn hn-pp
F-XmWv kXyw. Fm kXy-th-Z
- ns khm-Xn-im-bn-s- -p-dnv
{K-Im-c {io. Iqn apl--Zen "apkvenw Pohn-X-ns D]-cn-X-en\nv Cu khn-ti-jX a\-n-em-hn-, Fm Bg-f
- n-te-n-d
- ns-m Xo-bmbpw a\-n-em-Ipw Cs apkvenw Pohn-X
- n Fp
t]mepw a\-n-emIpw' Fv ChnsS {]kvXm-hn-n-p-v. {K-Im-cs AXn`m-hp-IX
- zs AwKo-Ic- n-mt]mepw hkvXp-Xm-]c- a- mbn AXv icn-bs
- v
kuay-ambn kqNn-n-s- . thZ-{K-
- ns lrZ-b`- m-ha- psm-m Cpt]mepw apkvenw kmam-\y-n\v km[n-n-ptm? JpXp-_bpw hbZpw aX-`mj-W
- fpw ]Xn-hmbn tIm Ah-kc- a- p-m-bnpw kmam-\y-P\
-
- ns
ssIbn-enpw aZvdk
- b
- nse Hmp ]mT-f
- h
- t- i-jn-n Jp-B\
- n-Im-ib
-
- fn Ihnv Imcy-am-sbm-p-an F-Xt kXyw? tXmSv s]mn-m-sX,
tIv hngpn ad-pI F tIh-es
- amcp NS-mbn Ah-b
- s\ \nw-Kambn Bhn-s
- -Spp FXt kXyw? Xulo-Zp-Wp alnX
kwkvIm-chpw \ncp-]m-[n-Ia- mb a\p-jy-km-tlm-Zc- yhpw Cmw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS
Kncn inJ-c
- f
- m-sWp IcpXn apt-dp "amXr-Im-ka- p-Zmb'ambn Ckvemw
hnizm-kn-I cq]-s-p-Ig- np Fv Cs apkvenw Pohn-X
- n\nv
Is-m Ign-bptam? temI-s-hn-sS-sb-nepw A-s\-sbmcp P\-]Z- a- ps-n AhnSw {]Im-i
- ns A\p-{K-lo-Xo-ca- mbn temI-{i-bvv hnt[-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

b-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-nt? Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS {iaw hn-Xh

- o-cy-tmsS
iX-Kp-Wo-`h
- np ImWWw F taml-am-Wn-hn-sS.
Ckvemw Cv hym]-Ia- mbn N sN-s-Sp-p-.v Fsmcp tXm
Fn-ep-m-bn-p-v. henb {]Xo-I
- t- fm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv ]e]e Ckvem-anI
kt-f\
-
- f
- nepw skan-\m-dp-If
- nepw Rm\p-gd- n-sb-m-dp-X
- .v XncnsI t]mcptm a\v \ndsb ZpxJhpw \ncm-i-bp-am-bn-cn-pw. Ign-hp--ht]mepw
Ckvem-ans ASn-m\ Zi-\
- s
- f-p-dnv hni-Ie
- \w sNp-Xpw hnenbn-cp-p-X
- pw- tIm-dn. BNm-c
- fpw NS-p-Ifpw hWn-m\pw IYI ]dp ckn-n-m-\p-a-msX ASn-m-\m-i-b-sf A]-{K-Yn-m
]ecpw apXnp ImWp-n-.
kXy-th-Z
- ns khm-Xn-im-bn-bmb kt-ia- mWv "XuloZv'. "Imhyw
IWs \obm-tem-N\
- m-arXw' Fv Hcp Ihn ]mSn-bX
- p-t]mse "Ak-Zr-ihpw
Ahm-Nyhpw Ahym-tJy-bhpw A\ km[y-X-I-fpsS AhWy kucy
kt-Xh
- pw Fmw Fm-am-WX
- .v Xulo-Zns ]oen hnS-cp-tm kth-izcs {]`m-ha- h
- nsS {]Im-in-Xa- m-Ipw, {]] cl-ky-f
- psS s]m-db
- h
- nsS
]Xps Xpd-s
- -Spw, hniz-am-\h
- I
- p-Spw-_
- ns Zf-]p-S
- hnS-sSpw, a\pjy kmtlm-Zc- y-ns ssXa-Wn-m-p-ds- -pw, s\mp ]pf-bp
a\p-jy-a\
-
- p-If
- psS Nnc-\ kz]v\
- f
- psS hn`m-XI
- mn Bbn-c
- n-cn-If
- pWpw!
ssZh-ns GI-Xz-s-p-dnv
am\p-jy-I
- ns AJ-WU
v X
- s- b-p-dnv
a\p-jys ASn-m-\]
- c- a- mb al-Xz-s-p-dnv
kv{XoI-fpsS kap-X
- a- mb kmaqly ]Z-hn-sb-p-dnv
ASn-aX
- z-n\n-p tamN-\s- -p-dnv
A[z-\
- ns al-Xz-s-p-dnv
a\p-jy-hK-ns sshIm-cn-tIm{K-Y\
- s- -p-dnv
]qh-{]-hm-NI
- am-cp-sSbpw thZ-f
- p-sSbpw AwKo-Im-cs- -p-dnv
ssZhhpw a\p-jycpw Xn ]ptcm-ln-Xc
- n-eq-sS-b
- m {]Xy-a- mb
k-s-p-dnv
sFlnI-Po-hn-X
- n\v ]mc-{Xn-IP
- o-hn-X
- n\v ]mc-{Xn-IP
- o-hn-Xt- m-Sp
kw_-s- -p-dnv
IpSpw_w kaqlw Fn-hsb kw_-n-p sXfn ImgvN
- m-Sn-s\p-dnv
B-kw-ba- \
-
- ns Bh-iy-IX
- s- b-p-dnv
ka-kr-jSv
- t- fm-Sp klm-\p-`q-Xn-sb-p-dnv
a\p-jys hrn-It- fSpw kqvaa- mbn hne-bn-cp-s- -Spp F-Xn-s\p-dnv
lrZ-bh
- n-ip-n-bpsS kthmIr-jSv X
- s- b-p-dnv
a\p-jy-Po-hn-Xs Ah-ew-_a- m-n-bp kI-eX
- n-s\bpw Ipdnv kqva-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

ambn hne-bn-cp-n-smv Cl-]c-

- f
- nse kakvX kw{Xm-k
- fpw a\p-jyPo-hn-Xh
- p-ambn At`-ZyX kqn-pp F kXy-ap-Ztv Lm-jntm Ckvemw
tIh-es
- amcp aX-a
- , aXm-Xo-Xa- X
- a- mbn (Super Religion) kzbw {]Jym]n-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p. Ch-sbmw kt-f\
-
- f
- n-epw-kw-hm-Zt- h-Zn-If
- nepw A\mh-cWw sN-s-n-cp-p-sh-n Ckvemw C{X-tbsd sXn-c- n-s- -Sp-am-bn-cpn-spw BZy-Im-es
- -t- ]mse Ckvemw sImSp-m-p-t]m-se-P\
- a- \
-
- pIsf Iogvs-Sp-p-am-bn-cp-p-shpw Rm Icp-Xp-p. hmfns QWmc-a
- ,-ka- X
- z-Zi-\w-t]m-ep kXy-th-Z
- ns aln-Xm-ib
-
- f
- mWv temI-a\
- ns\ Iogvs-Sp-n-bX
- .v
Ckvemw Zi-\
- f
- psS {]t_m-[\
- hpw {]Nm-cW
- hpw {]tbm-Kh
- -cWhpw as-s-s-mfpw Hc-\n-hm-cy-Xb
- m-bn-tm-n-bt- m Ccp-]Xmw \qmnse \thm-m\ \mb-Ic- n Hmw \nc-m-c\
- mb kZv A_p-AA
- e
v m
auZqZn Cs\ hnfnp ]dp:
""kXy-th-Z
- ns {]Imiw sImv
Pohn-Xs- -{]`m ]qc-am-pI'' Fv.
CsXmcp ey-am-bn-
- v, AXns \nh-lW
-
- n\v kzbw kan-Xcmb Hcp Iq-amfpIsf kwL-Sn-n-p-sImv B {]Xn-`m-imen 1941- Hcp
kwL-S\
- v _oPm-hm]w \S-n. KXm-\p-KX
- n-IX
- z-ns PoWn-Xa- mb hgnbn\nv sXn-am-dn, Acp-Xm-bav I
- pw \njvS{- In-bX
-
- p-sa-Xnsc i_vZa- pbn-smv Ah aptm-p-\on "ssZh-ns temIw' ]p\x-kr-jvSnp-hm thn s]mcp-Xn-Po-hn-t Ckvemw hnizm-kn-I \njv{In-bX
- b
- nepw
PUn-IX
- b
- nepw ASn-p-IqSngn-bpXpI-t- m Ah [a-cp-jSv c- m-bn.]mmXy km{am-Py-Xz-i
- n-Ifpw bmYm-n-XnI apkvenw-Ifpw Ien-bp-d
nd-n. B\p-Im-en-I
- f
- n-eqsS auZqZn sXmSp-p-hn Bi-bi
- c-
- A{]-Xntcm-[y-f
- mbn Ah-\p-`h
- s- -p. Cy-bnse bmYm-n-Xn-Icpw ]mm-Xyi-n-Ifpw ssItImp-\n-p-sIm-mWv Pam-As Ckvem-an-s-Xnsc \ndsbm-gn-X
- .v hntZ-im-[n-]X
- y-n-s\-Xnsc t]mcm-Sp-X
- n ]m-fnw hln-psIm-p-Xs Pam-As Ckveman \psS kzmX{y ka-c`- q-an-bn hfpI hKo-bX
- s- -Xnsc i_vZa- p-bn.
Nn-bpsS Hcp \pv Dp tNmsX Fpw hmcn henp hngp-p
{]Ir-Xn-m-c\
- m-bn-cp-n auZq-Zn. Am-e
- n-hnsS apg-n-t atX-Xc- X
- zsbpw P\m-[n-]X
- y-sbpw tZio-bX
- s- bbpw ASn-m-\a- m-n-bp auZq-ZnbpsS hni-Ie
- \
-
- Xopw bpn-`{- Zhpw BZi-]c- h
- p-am-bn-cp-p. Atlw
Cs\ ]dp:
aX-n\nv A\y-amb `mh-am-W,v
aX-\n-cm-ka- mWv atX-Xc- X
- z-sa-n
B atX-Xc- X
- z-hp-ambn kl-hk
- n-m
Pam-As Ckveman k-a-
- .
bYmY-n atX-Xc- X
- z-ns Cy hymJym-\hpw AXm-W.v aX-k-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

ln-jW
v p-Xb
- mWv Cy-mv atX-Xc- h
- pw. Pam-As Ckveman Hcn-epw
atX-Xc
- X
- z-tm-Sp Cy kao-]\
- t- mSv hn-Xn-]n Imn-bn-n-. aXcm-j{v So-b
- f
- psS Ahn-
- X
- b
- mWv Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS kzcw. KmnPn
aX-t_m-[s ([a-t_m-[-s) cmjv{So-b-n-te-m-\-bn B[p-\nI
Imes {it-b\
- mb a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp-p. aXs aln-Xa- q-ey-f
- m-bn, [at_m-[a- mbn cmjv{So-b
- n-te-m-hl
- n-m\pw atX-Xc- X
- z-ns Cy apJw
lrZ-bw-Ka- a- mbn kzoI-cn-m\pw Pam-As Ckveman k-a- mWv Fv Rm
a\-n-em-p-p. kXy-thZ hnizm-k
- ns kao-]\
- a- X
- a- m-W,v asmcp amKa-he
- w-_n-m Pam-As Ckvem-anv km[y-a
- .
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS tZio-bX
- t- ]mepw tZi-ktv \-ls- bpw kwibn-m-\mWv Nnen-hnsS _-m-Sp-m-bX
- v. Hcp Imcyw kXyw tZio-bXsb, Xo{h-tZ-io-bX
- sb Pam-As Ckveman AwKo-Ic- n-p-n-. Fm
CXv cmPy-t{Zm-l
- ns e-Wa- mtbm tZi-kvt\-l
- ns \ncm-ka- mtbm
hymJym-\n-s
- -p-Iq-Sm. CXv Bib ]c-amb AYhm BZi-]c- a- mb kXyk--X-bpsS {]iv\-am-Wv. Ckvemw aX Zi-\-ns ASn-m\ \b-fn BmY-ambpw kXy-k
- a- mbpw Dun-\np Hcp kXy-thZ hnizmknv Xo{h-tZ-iob-Xbm hnizm-ka- n-m km[y-a
- . Xo{h-tZ-io-bX
- sb
AwKo-Ic- n-m auZq-Znpw Pam-As Ckvem-anpw km[n-msX hcp-Xv
Ah-cpsm-pXmbm-tcm-]n-s
- -Sp cmPy-t{Zm-lh
- n-Im-c
- ns Nqcpw
NqSpw sImp-a
- , kXy-thZw AXw-Ko-Ic- n-p-n F-Xp-sIm-m-W.v AXpsImv Xo{h-tZ-io-bX
- s- -Xn-sc-bp kzcw Pam-As Ckvem-an-bp-tSXv am{Xa-, kXy-th-Z
- ns ASn-m-\\
- b
-
- f
- n-eqn {]hn-p kI-ec- p-tSXp-am-W.v
GI-ssZ-h
- nepw a\p-jy-km-tlm-Zc- y-nepw Ah-ew-_n-Xa- m-b- Hcp [aim-k{v X-n\v CSp-nb Xmev]c- y-f
- X
- n-cn-t- Z-io-bX
- I
- sf AwKo-Ic- n-m-\mhp-Ib
- n-. IpSpw-_w-t]mse kaqlw t]mse hyh-lmc kuI-cy-n-\p-thn
AXnn-If
- n cmjv{S k-ev]s
- bpw Xmm-en-Ihpw hymh-lm-cn-Ih
- pamb AYu-Nn-Xy-Xe
-
- f
- n am{Xta AwKo-Ic- n-m Ign-bp-Ib
- p-q-sh-\#v p#w
Ana hni-Ie
- \
-
- n temI-ns AXn-cp-If
- m he-bn-Xa- mb Hcp hniz
IpSpw-_
- n-emWv Ckvemw AYhm Pam-As Ckveman Dup-s
- Xpw
\ma-dn-bp-I.
kmh-tZ-io-bX
- b
- nepw hniz-am-\h
- n-IX
- b
- n-ep-amWv Ckvemw hniz-kn-p-Xv. kmh-tZ-io-bX
- s
- b-X
- v tZ-io-bX
- b
- psS \ntj-[a- hn]p-e\
- a- m-W.v hymhlm-cn-Ic- oXym tZio-bX AwKo-Ic- n-s- -Sp-p-s-nepw A\n-tj-[y-amb kXyw
kmh-tZ-io-bX
- b
- m-W.v tZi-ktv \lw Hcp Acp-Xm-bav b
- m-sWv Ckvemw IcpXp-n-. AXm-h-iy-am-sWv \njvIjn-p-p-ap-v. KmnPn ]d--Xpt]mse tZi-kvt\lw {]^p-a- m-Ip-tm kmh-tZ-iob kvt\lw ]qhn-cnbpw. IpSpw-_s \ntj-[n-p-sImt kaq-lk
- vt\lw kmm-cn-m\mhq F hmZw A]-Izhpw _men-ih
- p-am-Wv. tZi-kvt\-ls A tZio-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

b-Xb
- mWv ]c-aw, tZio-bX
- b
- mWv \nbm-aIw F hmZs AYhm Xo{h-tZio-bX
- s
- b-bmWv Pam-As Ckveman \ntj-[n-p-X
- .v Ahpw hn{`m-hp-amb Af-hn IpSpw-_-kvt\lw Xo{hhpw cq-hp-am-Ip-tm AhnsS
BZyw \jvSs
- -Sp-Xv Ab]-a- m-bn-cn-pw. {Ia-n kap-Zmb PohnXw
Xs Zpm-[y-ambn `hn-pw. B[p-\n-It- em-I
- ns A`n-im]w ]e-bn-S
- fnepw {]I-Sa- m-s- -Sp Xo{h-tZ-io-bX
- b
- m-sWv \ma-dn-bp-p.
1962- Zln-bn Atim-Itv a-b
- psS A[y-X
- b
- n tN tZtim-bZv{K-Y\ Iukn-en Pam-As Ckveman lnns AJn-teym Aao
kwi-bt- -Zn-bmw-hn[w tZio-bX
- b
- psS {]iv\s hni-Zo-Ic- n-n-cp-p. Hcp CkvemanI cmjv{S-ambn ]mn-m amdn-bm GsX-nepsamcp L-n Cybp-ambn Ah kwLj-n-s\m-cp-n-bm Av Xm-fpsS {]m-\
- ns
\ne-]m-sS-m-bn-cnpw' F Iukn-ens tNmZy-n-\p-ap-n, Pam-As
Ckvem-an-sb-p-dnv Iukn kqnp t]mcp [mcW sXm-sWpw
Xncp-s- -tS-X
- m-sWpw hni-Zo-Ic- n-t- m tNmZy- ]nh-en-s- -SpI-bm-Wp-m-bX
- .v
GI-ssZ-h
- nepw hniz-km-tlm-Zc
- y-nepw ASn-bp-d
- p- hnizknp-
X tZio-bX
- s
- b-b kmh-tZ-io-bX
- s
- b-bmWv ]c-aa- mbpw An-aa- mbpw
ImWp-Xv F-dn-bn-p-tm Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS cmPy-kvt\lw
tNmZy-sN-s- -Sp-p! hymh-lm-cn-Ia- mb AY-Xe
-
- n am{Xta tZio-bX
- v
AkvXn-Xz-ap-q-shpw kmh-tZ-io-bX
- b
- mWv kmm-cn-s- -tS hnizam-\h hn`m-h\
- s
- bpw Pam-As Ckveman Icp-Xp-p. tZio-bX
- , hniz-am\-hn-IX
- b
- psS kwm-]\w XpS-nb hnj-b
- sfpdnv auen-Ia- m-bn, AXnK-l\
- a- mbn Nnn B[p-\n-I\
- mb BZys {]Xn-`m-im-en-bmWv auem\m
auZq-Zn. At-l
- ns hmZ-ap-J
- f
- psS auen-IX
- bpw bpn-`{- Z-Xbpw khmZr-Xa- m-bn-cp-p.
Jp-B sXfnp Imp kXy-Zo-\ns kwm-]\
-
- n\v \ne-sIm-p
Xs {]m\w Bbncw apJ-f
- n-embn Pohn-p- kI-ea- m\ ASn-a
-
- sfbpw Adp-s-dnv ssZh-ns ASn-aw kzoI-cn-m \ne-sIm-p-Ibm-sWv auZqZn {]Jym-]n-n-p-.v Ckvem-an-I\
- n-ba- {]am-W
- pw Xmev]cy-pw Xm atX Xmev]c
- y-s
- f-mfpw {]mapJy \evIp-p-shpw
Ah Xn-en-St- b-n-hc
- p k`-fn Ckvem-ans AWn-bn \npsImv s]mcp-Xm aSn-p-I-bn-spw Ah-sbmw kXy-th-Zs
kmm-cn-m-\p Imem-h hnc-Nn-m-\m-sWpw auZqZn hy-amn-bn-p-v. Zo\pw Zp\n-bm-hpw- A`nam-sWpw aX-ap--amb cmjv{Sobw
tkzOm-[n-]X
- y-]c- a- m-sWpw Atlw in-bpw hmZn-p-p. hnp-ho-gN
v bn-m-, \nc-pi kz`m-ha- n-b Zi-\]
- c- X
- b
- mWv auZq-Zn-bpsS apJ-ap{Z.
`qcn-]
-
- ns `c-Wh
- n-[m\w F \ne-bn P\m-[n-]X
- ys kXyth-Za- w-Ko-Ic
- n-p-p. ssk\nI km{am-PyXz `c-Wc
- o-Xn-Isf Ckvemw shdpp-p. P\m-`n-{]m-ba- mWv `c-WI
- q-Ss cq]-s-Sp-t-Xv F kao-]\
- -

10

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

amWv Ckvem-an-t-X.v `c-Wh

- n-[m-\
- n i_vZhpw kzm[o-\X
- b
- p-an-m Bcpap-m-hc- pXv Fv Ckvemw \njvIjn-p-p. kam-[m-\hpw sskzchpw ]pecp kmaq-lym-c- ow kmm-cn-m B-Xym-K
- ns Bg-t- fmfw
Cd-n-s {]hm-NI
- s
- \-mWmw lpssZ-_nb t]mep hn{ip-Xk
-
- n-Ifn.
`qcn-]
-
- ns `c-WI
- q-Sa- mWv P\m-[n-]Xyw F \nh-N\
- t- mSv tbmPnp Pam-As Ckveman P\-ln-Xa- mWv \nbm-aIw F Bi-b
- ns
A\p-Km-Xm- Xs-bm-W.v hyh-m-]nX \nb-a
- f
- psS `c-Wa- mWv P\m-[n]Xyw F-Xp-sImv hyn-ln-X
- m hnI-ea- m-s
- -Sp cmPm-[n-]X
- ytmSpw ]m-f`- c
- W
- t- mSpw Pam-As Ckveman hn{]-Xn-]n Imp-p.
A`n-{]m-bk
- zm-X{yw P\-ln-X
- ns {]Xn-^e
- \
- h
- p-a\
- p-`h
- s- -Sm tkzOm[n-]X
- y-ns `c-Wh
- n-[m-\
- f
- m-Wh
- s- bpw Ckvemw \mK-cn-IX
- bvv Ahbp-ambn kl-hk
- n-m hspw Pam-As Ckveman hmZn-p-p.
`qcn-]
- P
- \
- l
- nXw P\m-[n-]X
- y-ns Ah-ew-_i
- n-eb
- m-sWpw \nb-a-fpsS `c-Wa- mWv P\m-[n-]X
- y-sapw k-Xn-p-tm Xs, \nb-aa- mWv
\nbm-aI
- s- a-n B ASn-m-\\
- n-ba-
- f
- psS kwc-N\
- m-[n-Imcw kI-e
\pw
kI-em-[n-\mY khm-Zr-X-\p-amb ssZh-n-\pXmsWv Pam-As
Ckveman Icp-Xp-p.-ssZ-hl
- n-X
- m ]cn-ko-an-Xa- mWv a\p-jys hnNm-cti-jnbpw hne-bn-cp-epw hn`m-h\
- I
- f
- p-sa-n bYmY-n-ep icn-sX-pI \nW-bn-m-\p Ah-Imiw Ah-p-X
-
- . "\mem ]d-m \mSpw
hg-Ww' FXv P\m-[n-]X
- y-nse {]Np-ca- mb Hcp sNmm-sW-nepw `qcn]-s- apw kXy-n-tbpw \oXn-bp-sSbpw shfp-]
-
- a- m-bn-cn-p-sa-h
- Im-is- -Sm ]ptam? Bq-
- ns kzc-amWv P\m-[n-]X
- y-nse kXyw.
]np-W
- m-\m-fn-s-n kXy-ah
- nsS ]cn-lm-kyamw hn[w ]c-Xy-Pn-s
- Spp! CXv \oXn-bpsS hn[m-\a- s
- v Pam-As Ckveman hmZn-p-tm
AXns bpn]cX Ah-KW
- n-s
- -p-Iq-Sm. kI-e
\pw kI-em-[n-\mY\pw \oXn-\
- p-amb ssZh-ns lnX-am-bn-cn-Ww \nb-a
- v \nbmaIw F at\m-`m-h
- n\p ]nn kXy-thZ kwkvIr-Xn-b
- msX asm-.
hnizm-kh
- n-ip-n-bn-eq-nb Hcp hnNm-ci
- n-ev]s bpy-\p-`h
-
- f
- psS
imW-Lj-n\v hnt[-ba- m-n, kI-emY-nepw ]cn-`{- Z-amn Hcp {]Xyb-im-k{v X-ns ]cn-th-ja- W
- n-bnv Zo\n \n_-a- n F thZ-kq-ns {]Xn-k]
v
- \w t]mse tXmn-p CjvSa- p-h
- v kzoI-cn-mw,
thm-h
- v Xmw' F DZm-ck
- a- o-]\
- t- msS Pam-As Ckveman
temI-n-\p-ap-n, AYhm kXy-thZ hnizm-kn-Iv apn kan-pp.-k-Xy-thZ hnizm-k-aw-Ko-I-cn-pI FXv AXns app-]m-[n-bm-Wv.
ImcWw AXns {]t_m-[\
- hpw {]Nm-cW
- hpw {]tbm-Kh
- -cW
- h
- p-amWv
{]m-\
- ns hn`m-hnX eyhpw Ia-Xe
- h
- pw. Jnem-^
- ns Imev
Xopw {]tbm-K
- aw Fv t_m[y-s Hcp Zi\ kap-b
- s ]p\-cm-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

11

\-bn-p-sImv a\pjy kmam-\ys {]Im-i-n-tev \bn-Ww F

XovWamb A`n-\n-th-ia- m-bn-cpp {]m\ kmc-Yn-bmb A_p-AA
- e
v m
auZqZn {]I-Sn-n-X
- .v
aphn-[n-bn-m-sX, \ncp-]m-[nIw N sN-s-tS hfsc Nnc-\
- a- mb, Fm \nXy-\q-X\
- X
- z-ah
- I
- m-is- -Sm t]mcp Hcp Zi-\h
- n-ti-ja- mWv
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS {]Xy-bi
- m-k{v X-sav Rm Icp-Xp-p. Pam-As
Ckveman Hcp cmjv{Sob kwL-S\
- tbm aX-m-]\
- tam A. (kq-vamYn Ckvem-anI Zi-\s Hcp aX-ambn ImWm aSn-p Hcp a\ns hne-bn-cp-e
- m-Wn-Xv Ckvemw Hcp aXm-XoXaX-am-Wv.) An-eb
- n
GtI-iz-ch
- n-izm-khpw hnizm-km-tlm-Zc- yhpw AXn-eqsS cq]-s-Sp hniz-am\-hn-II
- p-Spw-_hpw hn`m-hnX ey-am-bp Pam-As Ckvem-anv Hu]Nm-cnI kz`m-h
- n-ep kwL-S\m kzqcq]w t]mepw A\p-Nn-Xa- m-sW-mWv
Fs hn\-b]
- qh-Ia- mb tXm. kmt-Xn-Ihpw Hu]-Nm-cn-Ih
- p-amb Hcp
N-q-Sn-\p-n Hcpn \nm Hcp {]Ir-X-a-Xn-\p-v. sajnpw
hcnkw-Jybpw Hu]-Nm-cn-IX
- bpw hcp-tm Pam-As Ckvem-anbpw Hcp
"tImw{K-mIpw'. Ckvemw Zi-\s kmh-P\
- o-\a- mb Hcp aXm-Xo-Xa- X
- a- mbn, am\-hZ- i-\a- m-bn-m-Wm sImXn-p Rm B{K-ln-p-Xpw {]mYnp-Xpw "Pam-As Ckvem-an, AXln-p-X
- p-t]mse F-s\-sbmcp
A\u-]N
- m-cnI hniz-am-\h
- nI m]-\a- mbn amdpw ssZhta' Fm-W.v

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

B {]m\w {]k-cn-n-p-Xv {]Im-ia- m-W.v
ssZh-hn-izm-k
- n-sbpw hniz-km-tlm-Zc- y-n-sbpw {]Imiw
\ncm-iX
- b
- n\nv hnizm-ks hnf-bn-s-Sp-p {]Xym-ib
- psS {]Imiw.
Hcp {]m-\
- ns {]Ir-Xhpw {]tbm-P\
- hpw Ion-p Cu Xep-dn-Xs kzbw {]Im-ia- m-Wv. Iri-Km-{X-\mb Ipn apl-Z- en hnNmc
k-X
- s
- Imv Icp-\
- m-Wv. {Khpw ImgvNb
- n sNdp-Xm-Wv. Fnepw
thgvNb
- n t_m[y-sSpw CsXmcp Kuc-ha- p inev]a- m-sW-v. BJym\
coXn Ihn-Xt- ]mse kp-cw, Iw t]mse B IWvTw a[p-cw.
Nne kphW-_n-p-f
- nXm:
`qan-bn Imeq-n- \-{- X-fntev t\mp-tm {]hm-NI
- .
apw hnpw Hn kc krjvSn a\p-jy
kz-ca- mb Hcp kz]v\w t]mse BImiw
O-m Hcp Ihn-Xt- ]mse `qan
P\n-ar-Xn-In-Sb
- n Hcp Wn-IP
- o-hnXw
{]hm-NI
- am ]nd-p-tm acp-`q-an-bn ]qp-p.
CXp-t]m-se-{X-sb{X!
Ckvem-anI kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS {]t_m-[\
- {- ]-ap-Ja- mb {]Nm-cWw {]tbm-Kh-cWw Fn-ht- bmSv {]Xn-m-_
- X kqn-p Pam-As Ckvem-

12

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

13

ansb ]cn-Nb
- s
- -Sp-m Xm-dm-nb Cu {Kw {Ia-]qh-Ia- mb hnNm-chn-\n-thiw sImpw hmNw-ba- nXzw sImpw Hcp al-Zv{K-
- ns emWnIu-X
- y-n-tev Ibdn \np-p. km[m-cW \ne-bn kwL-S\
- m-]cn-Nbw km[n-p hnc-ka- mb Hcp eLp-Ir-Xn-bmbn am{Xw Icp-Xm-hp Hcp
]pkvXI
- s C{X-ta {]uVhpw Ia-\o-bhpw Imhy-kp-c
- h
- p-amn amn
cq]-s-Sp-n- asm-c\
- p-`hw Fs Hma-bn-en-.
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS "KoXm-en'bmbn Cu {Kw Ion-sSpw Fv Rm Icp-Xp-p. km`n-am\w A\p-hm-NI
- k
- a- w Ah-Xc
- n-np-p.
hmWn-Zmkv Ff-bm-hqcv

`mKw Hv

shfnw

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

14

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

15

Hv
"{]Imiw ]c-p- -{]-m\w' F ioj-I-n\v Sn.
]-\m-`s {]i-kvX-amb Hcp IY-tbmSv IS-m-Sp-v. BlXy sNm Xocp-am-\n Hcm \njvI-f--bmb Hcp
sImp s]Ip-nsb bZr-bm Ip-ap-p-Xpw Ah
Abmsf Pohn-X-n-tev Xncn-p-sIm-p-h-cp--Xp-amWv
Cu IY-bpsS CXn-hr-w. IYm-Irv Ahsf "{]Imiw
]c-p s]Ipn' Fv hnfn-p. Pam-As Ckvem-anbp-ambn Cu IY-bvsv _-sa tNmZy-n\v H-hmn D-c-an-. ]t, Hpv; Pam-As Ckvem-ansb
]cn-N-b-s-Sp-m IqSp-X A\p-tbm-Py-amb asmcp
{]tbmKw thsd-bn-. AXp-sIm-mWv Cu IS-an-S-]m-Sv.
bYmY-n ChnsS IS-_m-[y-X-bpsS {]iv\-sam-p-an-.
hnip {K--sfbpw {]hm-N-Iam-scbpw ssZhw
As\ hnti-jn-n-n-p-v. ssZhw Xs `ph\-hm-\-fpsS {]Im-i-am-W-tm.1
Pam-As Ckvem-anv Cu hnti-jWw Hcp Btcm-]W-am-sWv Icp-Xp--h-cp-m-Ipw. Btcm ]d-p-tI-XmWv Pam-A-n-s\-n Ahp Adn-hv. Hcp kwL-S-\sb-p-dnv Cs\ a\-n-em-m ]mSn-m--XmWv;
hyn-sb-p-dnpw C-s\-b a\-n-em-t--Xv. t\cnv
Adn-bm amK--fp--tm hnti-jn-pw. \psS \mSv,
]t, Cs\ Bbn-tm-bn. A\p-`-h-sf \ntj-[npw

Btcm-]-W-sf hniz-kn-pp AXv!

cv
shfnw Huj-[-Kp-W-ap Hcp hmm-Wv. hnh-c-Wm-XoX-amb A\p-`-hw. kmc-ns kmchpw ssNX-\y-ns
ssNX-\y-hp-am-W-Xv. shfn--n-s\-smcp shfn--sav
_jo ]d-n-t. shfn--n-\p-ta shfn--sav ssZhw
Xs ]d-n-p--tm.
shfnw ImWp-tm a\w Ipfnp-p. shfn--ns
hgn-m-c-bn-emWv hnth-Ihpw hnIm-k-hpw. AXns ]qacn-emWv kvt\lhpw Imcp-Wy-hpw. AXns \nd-hn-emWv
bpnbpw `n-bpw. Pohn-X-n-sbpw {]]--n-sbpw
\nKq-V-X-I A\m-h-cWw sNp Ipw ImSn-bp-am-WXv. shfn--an-s-n ]ns Ccp-m-Wv. Ccp-n Hp-an;
`oI-c-X-am-{Xw.
shfn--n-te-smcp hgn! AXn-tev Nqpp hnip
{K-; ]pWy-{]-hm-N-Iam.2 CXv hnfn-p-]dbpp
Pam-As Ckvem-an. AXp-sImv Pam-As Ckvem-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

16

ansb hmbn-p-Ibpw tIp-Ibpw Bh-iy-am-bn-o-cpp

\ap-v.

aqv
Pam-As Ckveman Hcp aX-kw-L-S-\-bm-sWv
cmjv{So-b-mcpw cmjv{Sob kwL-S-bm-sWv Nne aX-hn-izmkn-Ifpw [cn-p-sh-n-p-v. CXn\v Ahsc Ip-s-Sp-n-qSm.
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bn aXhpw cmjv{So-b-hp-apv. Fm Nnc-]-cn-Nn-X-amb AY-n-ep aX-kw-L-S\tbm cmjv{So-b-kw-L-S-\tbm A AXv. Hcp kwL-S-\sb
Cv thXn-cnp \nm-hp Hcp In-bnepw AXv HXpn-. Pohn-X-ns Fm In-I-fnepw hym]-cn-pp
AXv. kh-kv]in-bmWv AXns CS-s]-S-ep-I.
{]hm-N-Iam A-s\-bm-bn-cp-p. Pohn-X-ns
Fm Xpd-I-fnepw \nd-p-\n--h. `qan-bn Imeqn
\n-{X--fn-tev t\mn-b-h. A[zm-\n-p-Ibpw Bcm-[np-Ibpw sNbvX-h. Pohn-X-ns Ccp-]p-d-fpw hmbn-h. thZ-{K-hpw CXp-t]m-se. Fm-ap--Xn hynbpw
kaq-lhpw; Bmhpw ico-chpw; A[zm-\hpw Bcm-[-\bpw;
bphpw kam-[m-\hpw; Cl-tem-Ihpw ]c-tem-I-hpw
PohnXw AXn ]cp InS-p-p. Pam-As Ckveman

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

17

\np-Xv
hnip--{K--ns XW-en; {]hm-NIam-cpsS ]mX-bn. Ir{Xn-a-hn-`-P-\-smpw hgpI-bn AXv.

\mev
BZn-bn Amlp BZ-ans\ krjvSn-p. apw hnpw
Hn k-c-kr-jvSn-bmWv a\p-jy.3 cn-sbpw eWw
Ah ImWn-pw. arK-s-m Xmgm\pw amem-J-sbm Db-cm\pw Ah\p km[n-pw. Bo-b-Xbpw `uXn-IXbpw IqSn-t-tm-gp-mb at\m kwKo-X-amWv a\pjy. "a\p-jy! F{X kp-c-amb ]Zw' Fv tKmn ]dn-p-v. _pnbpw `mh-\bpw CXc Pohn-I-fn \nv a\pjys\ thXn-cn-p-p. Ah b{w Ip-]n-Sn-p. IhnX
cNn-p. imkv{Xhpw Iebpw Ahs kw`m-h-\-I. aX-nstbm imkv{X-n-stbm H--n-bn HXp-p--X
Ahs hyn-Xzw. an hncn Cu Iem-kr-jvSnsb
ssZhw Bmhv sImv A\p-{K-ln-n-cn-p-p. Jp-B-\n
Cs\ Hcp hN-\-apv: "Bm-sh-m-sWv Ah tNmZnpp; ]d-bp-I: AXv ssZh-n-s hnj-b-amWv'. ssZhns klm-b-an-msX a\p-jys\ hmbn-m-\m-hn-. ""hmbnp-I, {kjvSm-hmb \ns \mYs \ma-n.''4
Cu {]]-w AdnbpwtXmdpw \psS Adn-hns\

NphSv shbvp-p. hnI-k-\-n-s kp-en-Xm-h-. Hcp

kwKo-Xw-t]mse Atm temIw. {]hm-N-I-bp-K--fnemsX hnI-k-\-n-s Cu ebw kw`-hn-n-n-.

Bdv

sImm-pp Cu AWvU-I-Smlw! \nKq-V-X-bn

s]mXn Cu Pohn-Xw. ssZh-ns shfn--an-s-n
Ch-sbmw Zp{Km-ly-am-Ipw.

Av
ko\mbv aebvp apI-fn tamkkv shfnw Ip.
lndm-Kp-l-bn aplZv \_n-bpw. t_m[n-hr--p-h-nepw
shfn--ap-m-bn-cp-p. shfnw tXSn-bp bm{X \s
{]hm-N-I-k-n-[n-I-fn-se-n-p-p. AhnsS XW-epv;
sXfn-\o-cp-v. Pohn-X-ns kmchpw ku-cy-hp-ap-v.
D-c-an-m tNmZy-v D-c-ap-v. Fm `mc-fpw
Cd-n-sh-m-\p Am-Wn-bpw.5
{]hm-N-I ssZh-ns shfn--hm-l-I. ssZhw
{]hm-N-Iam-tcmSv kwh-Zn-p. {]hm-N-Iam P\--tfmSpw.
Adn-hns ]pXn-sbmcp hgn Ah-cn-eqsS \app Xpd-p-In-n.
Cu Adnhv imkv{X-n\pw bpn-p-sa-Xn-c-. Ah-bv-XoX-am-Wv. ]t-{n-b--fpsS ]cn-an-Xn-I t`Zn-p ]c-am-\w. Ime-sf AXn-Pohn-p imiz-X-m-\w.
{]hm-N-Iam ]nd-p-tm acp-`q-an-I ]qp-p.
AhnsS aqey--fpsS tdmkm-Z-f- hnS-cp-p. BImiw
`qansb Npw_n-p A\L-\n-an-jw. lrZ-b- IcpWm{Z-am-hp-Ibpw akvXnjvIw Iqa-am-hp-Ibpw sNp
Imew. kwkvIm-chpw \mK-cn-I-Xbpw H-n-s\mw AhnsS

BZn-a-a-\p-jys\ apX B[p-\n-I-a-\p-jys\ hsc Ac-n `qanbpw hm\-hpw. {]]--s--n-bp Adn-hns

`mcw-sImv hn\-bm-\zn-X-\mbn incv \an-Xv \yq-\m-Wv.
sFn\pw AXv Xs sNbvXp. Pnt\mw cl-ky-
\s IqSp-X \{a-in-c-kvI-cm-p-p. ssZhta! F hnfn
Ctm thsd FhnsS \np-a; \psS Dn\nv
Xs-bm-Wv.
{Kl-, D]-{K-l-, A\--tImSn \-{X-!
kp-c-amb Hcp kz]v\w t]mse BIm-iw. ImSpw Bdpw
]h-Xhpw ka-X-ehpw acp-`q-anbpw ISepw! O-m Hcp
Ihn-X-t]mse `qan. `qan BIm-iv cNn IhnX Fv
Jeo Pn{_m hnti-jn-n Hcp acw aXn a\p-jys\
Ap-X-s-Sp-m. lcn-Xm-`-amb Ce-I, hWm-`-amb
]q, tX\qdpw ]g-. ]ns Cfw sX. Nn-I-fpsS
Nmm-hpw Infn-IfpsS IqP-\-hpw. av]nSn-np at\mlm-cnX. CSn, an, sImSp-m-v, {]f-bw, hc, An]h-Xw, `qIw. CXv at\m-lm-cn-XbpsS adp-h-iw.
P\-\w, ac-Ww. P\n-ar-Xn-In-S-bn Hcp Wn-I-Pohn-Xw. AXn ktmjw, ZpxJw; a\p-jys \nb-{-W-Xo-X-amb [mcmfw Imcy-. Fp-sImv
CsXmw?
CsX-p-dn-smw a\p-jy Nnn-n-p-v. Pohn-Xns \nKq-V-X-I-fn-tev Ahs Nn Bn-dn-bn-pv. Iebpw imkv{Xhpw Zi-\--fp-samw As\ Dmb-Xm-Wv. Ch-sbmw a\p-jy\v KpWw sNbvXn-p-v. Fm
Ahs Pnm-kbvpw Akzm-y-n\pw Adp-Xn-bm-bn.
Ie-bn AXyp-n-bpv. `mh-\-bpsS AXn-{]-k-cw.
AXn IrXy-amb icn-bn-. Zi-\- sXn-bn-p-v. A\p`-h- Ahsb tXmev]n-p-I-f-p. imkv{Xw Ch-bn
\nv `n-am-Wv. imkv{Xw kXy-am-Wv. ]t, Cs
kXyw. \mfs kXyw CXm-bn-sm--W-sa-n-.
imkv{Xw \psS Fm tNmZy-p-ap adp-]-Sn-b-.
hfsc Ipdp tNmZy-t AXv kam-[m-\-am-Ip-p-q.

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

20

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

21

ambpw ChnsS tI{o-I-cn-n-cn-p-p. AXv ssZh-n-tev

Nqp-p. {]hm-N-Iam-cpsS ktiw {]N-cn-nv Pohn-Xn\v kmchpw ku-cyhpw \evIm {ian-p-p. Hcp
{]tXyI kap-Zm-b-ns hWw \evIn Pam-As
Ckvemansb enanv sNp-Xv icn-bm-bn-cn-n-.
{]]--n-sbpw Pohn-X-n-sbpw \nKq-V-X-I ]qWambn A\m-h-cWw sNm AXn\p km[n-n-. IqSm-sX,
imkv{X-ns Dt]m-ev]-w kmt-Xn-I-hn-Zy \s \Spn-sm-n-cn-p-p. Pohn-X-sbpw {]]--sbpw hnebn-cp-n-b-Xn \apv sXntbm?

Ggv
aXw Ign \qm-ns a\w aSp-n ]Z-am-Wv.
ssZhhpw As\ Xs. Ctm aX-n\pw ssZhn\pw {]nbw IqSn-h-cp-pv; icn-bmb Zni-bn-eq-sS-b Cu
{]nbw hn--sX-n-epw. AXn-\m ssZh-sbpw aXsbpw ]n-bp GXv Nbpw Ime-n\nv thdn-pthWw; aX-sbpw ssZh-sbpw kw_-n-p Bibs AXns X\n-a-bn \ndpn thWw. GXmWv B
X\na? ssZh-Zq-Xam ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-nb ssZhw; Ah
{]t_m-[\w sNbvX aXw.
Pohn-X-sbpw {]]--sbpw ]n Cu aX-n\v
kz-amb ImgvN-m-Sp-v. AXv Iem--km-lnXy Zi-\-fn\nv hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. imkv{Xw ImWp--Xn\v Ap-d-hpam-Wv. aXw imkv{X-n\p ]nn-e; apn-em-Wv. {]hm-NIam- ]I Adnhv ]t-{n-b--p-d-p--Xm-Wv.
AXv shfn-]m-Sm-Wv. shfn-]m-Sp-sIm--msX Pohn-X-ns
\nKq-V-X-I \om-\m-hn-.
ssZh-Zq-Xam hnfw-_cw sNbvX Adn-hp-I Kuc-h]qhw ]cn-tim-[n--s-tS--Xp-v. ]mc--cy-ambn ]Ip
Int--X ssZh-hn-izm-kw. {]]--sbpw Pohn-Xsbpw kw_-n AKm-[-m-\-n\nv Dd-h-sb-Spt--Xm-W-Xv. Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS ZuXyw {][m-\-

Fv
BcmWv ssZhw? Bscbpw Dcw apn-p tNmZyw.
ssZhw ssZh-amWv Fp ]d-bp--XmIpw icn. D]-a-bn-m-h. Ah\p tamU-en-. Cm Ahs tamU-en-\p-t]mepw
Hcp tamU-en-.6 {]]--ns A[n-]-Xn, cmPm-sh-sm-s-d-m sNdp-Xm-bn-tm-Ipw. kuI-cy-n-\p-thn am{Xw
cmPm-shpw A[n-]-Xn-sbpsams hnfn-mw. a\p-jys Hcp
]cn-an-Xnbpw ssZh-n-\n-. Ah kh-i-; kh-.
Ah-s\-n \ap--dn-bm-hp-Xv {]hm-N-Iam Adn-bn-Xv
am{Xw.
{]]w ssZhs A\p-k-cn-p-p. hr--e-Xm-Zn-Ifpw
]n--ar-Km-Zn-Ifpw Ahs\ A\p-k-cn-p-p. {Kl-, D]-{Kl-, tImSm-\p-tImSn \-{X- Fmw Ahs\ A\p-kcn-p-p. Cm-Wp {Ia-ns clkyw Cu A\p-k-c-W-bmWv. {]]--ns \ne-\n]v A\p-k-c-W-bn-em-Wv. {]]-ns Hcp sNdnb `mKv `q-an-bn a\pjy F Hcp
{]tXyI Pohn am{Xw Cu s]mXp-X-Xz-n\v A]-hm-Z-am-Wv.
A\p-k-cn-m\pw [n-cn-m-\p-ap kzmX{yw Ah\v {]tXyI-ambn \evI-s-n-cn-p-p. CXns\ ]co--W-sa-mWv {]hmN-Iam hnti-jn-n--Xv. ]co--W-n\v thn-bmWv Pohn-Xsa-mWv Ah Adn-bn--Xv.8 CXn Ig-ptm? Dtm Fv
]cn-tim-[n-m a\p-jy _m[y--\m-Wv. temIw I
Ghpw kXy-k-cpw kIan-I-fp-am-bn-cpp {]hm-NIam. Ah-cpsS Adn-bn-p-Isf ]cn-tim-[n-msX Xp-Xv
Ahn-th-Ihpw A_--hp-am-bn-tm-Ipw. Hma-sh \m apX
\s Ae-n-sm-n-cn-pp ka-ky-I-fpsS Ipcp--gn-m
{]hm-N-Iam-cpsS kt-i-n\v km[n-ptam F ]cn-tim[\ \psS Xs Bh-iy-at?
{]hm-N-Iam cv Imcyw sNbvXp. {]]--n-sbpw
Pohn-X-n-sbpw cl-ky- A\m-h-cWw sNp thZ-]pkvX-I- kan-p. AXns ASn-m-\-n ka-{K-amb
Hcp Pohn-X-{I-ahpw ]cn-N-b-s-Spn Ah. aX- Dm-Ip-

22

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

23

`mKw cv

Ckvemw
Xv A-s\-bm-Wv. bYmY-n "aX-' C. aXta
Dq. Fm aX--fp-sSbpw Ax-k Hm-Wv. Imc-Ww,
Fm {]hm-N-Iam-cp-sSbpw ktiw Hp Xs-bm-bn-cp-p.9
Ckvemw FXv Cu kt-i-ns s]mXp-hmb t]cv. ap-a-X Cu auen-I-X-bn \np hyXn-bm-\-.

Hv

Ckvemw]T-\-n\v Hcp apJ-hpc

Ckvemw Hcp hnhmZ hnj-b-am-Wnv; Cy-bnepw ]pd-pw. Cybn lnpXz hKo-b-hm-Zn-Ifpw Cyp ]pdv apX-em-fn km{amPy--i-n-I-fp-am-Wv Cu hnhm-Z-n\p ]nn. lnpXz hKob
hmZn-I-fpsS C\w apkvenw hntcm-[-am-Wv. apX-em-fn km{amPyw t\cn-Sp Ghpw henb `ojWn Ckvem-am-sW-mWv Atacn--bpsS Is-. Iayq-Wn-k-ns ZuXyw Ckvemw Gs-Spn-p-v t]m. Ckvem-ans\ cv Xc-n Ch t\cn-Sp-p ImbnI-ambpw _un-I-am-bpw. BZy-t-Xn Ah hnP-bn-p-p-v.
cm- a - t - X n Ah- c psS i{Xp- h pw. {]Xn- t bm- K n- I - f psS _pn
Ckvem-ans\ icn-sh-p-p. Iogm-f-cpsS Bibw taem-f-sc Bthin-pI! Cu AZv`p-X-n\v Ckvemw appw hnt[-b-am-bn-p-v.
Xmm-cn-I apkvenw-temIw B{I-anp Iog-S-n-b-tm-gm-bn-cpp
AXv. ]cm-Pn-X-cpsS BZi-amWv Av Ah kzoI-cn--Xv. apkvenwI-fpsS icocw Xmm-cn-Ipw Xmm-cn-I-fpsS _pn apkvenwIpw Iogvs-p. temI-N-cn-{X-n CXn\v thsd DZm-l-c-W-an-.
Ckvem-ans hyXn-cn-X Chn-sS-\nv Bcw-`n-p-p.
aX-s--nbp ]c--cm-KX [mc-W-I-sfmw Ckvem-an-s\-pdn-m-Ip-tm sXp-p. aX-sav tIp am{X-bn \mw a\n-em-p Xc-n-ep Hcp aX-a Ckvemw. \nLphnen-m
AY-n-ep-Xv Hcp aX-am-W-Xv. aXm-XoX aX-sa-sms Nne
alm-a-\o-jn-I AXns\ hntijn-n-Xv AXp-sIm-m-Wv. apkvenw
Pohn-X-ns D]-cn-X-e-n \nv Cu khn-ti-jX a\-n-em-hn. Fm Bg--fn-tev Cd-n-s-m Xo-bmbpw a\-n-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

24

emIpw; Cs apkvenw Pohn-X-n\nv t]mepw a\-n-em-Ipw.

ap aX kaq-l--fn-en-m--hn[w apkvenw-I-fpsS Pohn-X-n AhcpsS aXw CS-s]-Sp-p. AXv Bcm-[-\m-e-b-n NS-n-cn-p-I-b, P\-a-[y-n-en-dn PohnXw \nb-{n-p-I-bm-Wv. Ckvem-an-s\p-dn Kuc-h-X-c-amb GXv ]T\hpw Cu [mc-W-tbmsS thWw.
aX-ns kp-NnX ]cn-t{]-y-n-eqsS Ckvem-ans\ ImWm
Ign-bn-. Pohn-X-ns apgp-]-cn-t{]-y-n-eqsS thWw AXns\
t\mp-I.10
Ckvem-an-s\-p-dnv ]Tn-m-s\m-cp-p--h ap[m-c-W-Ifpw amnsh- t - - X p- v . kXy- k - - X - s Impw bpn- ` - { Z- X - s Impw
sXfn _pnt Ckvem-ans inbpw ku-cyhpw a\-n-emIq. sIp-I-Y-I tIv sIp-t]mb _pnv Ckvem-ans\ ]Tn-m\m-hn-. XmPva-l-ene Ckvem-ans ku-cyw. sNtm--bn-e
AXns in. APvao ico-^n-e AXns `n. Ip-_van-\mdn-e AXns Hu-Xyw. apl-Zv Kkv\n-b Ckvem-ans ]S-\mb-I. apK `c-W-a Ckvem-ans `c-Ww. CsXms Ckvem-ans\-p-dnv ]Tn-m-s\m-cp-p Hcp Cy-m-c Adn-n-cn-t
{]mY-anI ]mT-. ]mXn-cn-am ]Tn-n A]-kI IY-Ifpw
Ipcniv bp--fpsS \ndw ]nSn-n Hma-Ifpw amn-sh-p-sIm-msX Hcp ]mm-Xy\v Ckvem-ans\ kXy-k--ambn kao-]n-m\m-hn-. Fn\v IqSpX ]d-bp-p, Cym-hn-`-P-\-n t]mepw
Ckvem-an-; tasm-Sn-p-t]m-epw. sNKm-bn AWp-t_mw_v s]mptm Ckvem-an\p tcmam--an-. s]m{Im-\nse -kvt^m-S\w tIv
AXv Ipep-p-n-. Ckvem-an-s\-p-dnv ]Tn-p F{X t]v
CsXms Adnbmw? Hcp sImp Ipn-bpsS \njvI-f--X-tbmsS
Ckvem-ans\ kao-]npI. Ffp--am-bn-cn-n CXv. ]t, CX-msX
Ckvem-ans\ a\-n-em-m Cv thsd hgn-bn-.
Ap-X-I-c-am-bn-p Hcp Imcyw, Ckvem-an-s\-p-dnv Cv \S-s-Sp N-I-fn AXns ASn-m\ kn-m-- Xosc
IS-p-h-cp-n- F-Xm-Wv. ka-Im-enI cmjv{Sob kmaq-lnI {]iv\--fn N DS-n-\np-p. CXn\v Hcp ]cn[n hsc apkvenw
kaq-l-hpw D-c-hm-Zn-bmWv. Ckvem-ans ASn-m\ Bi-b--fntev N Xncnp hnSp--Xn Ahcpw ]cm-P-b-s-n-cn-p-p. i{Xp \n-bn-p AP--bn\nv ]pd-p-I-S-m Ahv
km[n-p-n-. ASn-m-\-sf kv]in-m Nbpw ]T-\hpw
hyY-am-Wv.

cv

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

25

ssZhw
Ckvem-anI Zi-\-n-sbpw Pohn-X-{I-a-n-sbpw ASn-m\- aqm-Wv. ssZhs kw_-n Ckvem-ans ImgvN-m-SmWv
CXn {]Y-ahpw {][m-\-hpw. "em Ceml C-mlp' F Ad_n
hmIyw Ckvem-ans ssZh-k-ev]w IrXy-ambn hy-am-p-p.
"ssZh-a-msX thsd ssZh-an', "Am-lp-h-msX thsd ssZh-an'
Fsm-s-bp AXns `mjm--co-I-c-W-n\v in-t]m-cm.
AXn\m Ckvem-ans aqe-in-esb \nh-Nn-p Cu Ad_n
hmIyw Aev]w hni-Zo-I-c-W-aln-p-p. "Amlp' F ]Z-n\v
Hcp `mj-bnepw Xpey-amb ]Z-an-. ssZh-ns Fm KpW-fpw
Dsm-m am{X-ap kmc-k-qWX Cu ]Z-n-\p-v. Bcm[y, ]c-am-[n-Im-cn, {]]--ns {kjvSm-hv, \nb-mhv, \ncp-]m[nIw A\p-k-cn--s-tS--h XpSn ssZhw Fs-m-amtWm
AsXmw Cu ]Zw [z\n-n-p-p. "Cemln's Hcp KpWhpw thsd
Bp-an-, Ah-sbmw Am-lphn\p am{Xta Dq F-XmWv
"em Ceml C-mlp' F hmIy-ns cXv\-p-cp-w.
Ckvem-an-I-ho--W-a-\p-k-cnv ssZhw {]]--ns {kjvSmhv
am{X-a ]c-am-[n-Imcn IqSn-bm-Wv. Bcm-[y am{X-a Pohn-X-ns
Fm taJ-e-I-fnepw A\p-k-cn--s-tS--h-\p-am-Wv. {]]--nse
apgp-h hkvXp-fpw ssZhs A\p-k-cn-p-p-v. A\p-k-cWw
{]]--ns ASn-m\ kz`m-h-am-Wv. A\p-k-c-W-n-emWv AXns \ne-\n]v. A\p-k-cWw a\p-jy-sbpw KpW-am-Wv. Fm
[n-cn-m-\p kzmX{yw IqSn Pohn-X-ns Nne {]tXyI taJe-I-fn Ah\v \evIn-bn-cn-p-p. CXv Htc kabw Ahs alXzhpw A[-a-hpw hnfw-_cw sNp-p. kzmX{yw Ahs alXzhpw B kzmX{yw Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNbvXp-sIm-p [nmcw
Ahs A[-a-Xzhpw kqNn-n-p-p. kzmX{yw \evI-s taJ-eI- f n khm- \m ssZhs A\p- k - c n- p- - X ns t]cmWv
Ckvemw. A\p-k-cWw FmWv "Ckvemw' F ]Z-ns AYw.
PohnXw apgp-h, acWw t]mepw ssZh-n\v kan-m-\mWv
Ckvemw Bh-iy-s-Sp--Xv. Fp-sh-m ]nbpw ]me-sapw
ssZh-n\v hg--W-sav; Bcm-[-\bpw A[zm-\hpw ssZh-n\p
thn-bm-bn-cn--W-sa-v.
GI-ssZ-h-k--ev]-amWv Ckvem-an-t-sX kmam-\y-m\w
Fm-hp-ap-v. Fm CXns s]mcp-f-dn-bp--h hnc-fw. ssZhns Hcp khn-ti-j-Xbpw asm-n\v AwKo-I-cn-p-sIm-Sp-m-Xn-cnpI F-XmWv GI-ssZh hnizm-k-ns s]mcp. AXm-bXv
]c-am-[n-Imcn thsd-bn-, Bcm-[y thsd-bn-, A\p-k-cn--s-tS-h thsd-bn-. Fmw Am-lp. Amlp am{Xw. Amlp GIm-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

26

[n-]-Xn-bm-Wv, Xo-bmbpw. Ah khm-[n-]-Xnbpw kh-i--\pamWv \nw-i-bw. Ahs Adnhpw A\p-hm-Zhpw CmsX Hcp Cet]mepw s]mgn-bp-n-. cl-kyhpw ]c-kyhpw Ah Adn-bp-p.
`qXhpw `mhnbpw Ah Adn-bp-p. Fp-sImv Cs\? Dcw
efn-Xw--hm-kvXhw CXmWv! ssZhw Bcp-sSbpw krjvSn-b-. Ah
Fm-n-sbpw {kjvSm-hm-Wv. kwlm-c-I-\pw. {]hm-N-I-t\mSv ssZhw
{]Jym-]n-m-\m-h-iy-s-Xv Cs\: ""]d-bp-I, Ah ssZhw. GI.
Bscbpw B{i-bn-m--h. Fm-hcpw B{i-bn-p--h. Ah\p
km-\--fn-. Ah Bcp-sSbpw k-Xn-bp-a-. Ah AXpey.''
ssZhw FhnsS Fv tNmZn--h-tcmSv Ah Bh-iy-s-Xv {]]-n-tev t\mm-\m-Wv.11 {]]w AXns \mYs\ kZm \anp-sIm-n-cn-p-p. Ip--hsmw CXv ImWm Ign-bpw.
_pn- b p- - h smw a\- n- e m- m Ign- b pw. ssZh- \ n- t j- [ nIpw Ip-v, ]t, AXv D]-tbm-Knv Ah t\mp-n-.
Ahv _pn-bp-ap-v, ]t, Ah Nnn-p-n-.12
ssZh-ns GI-Xz-n\pw ]c-am-[n-Im-c-n\pw Hcp adp-h-i-apv. a\p-jyn-S-bn ssZh-an Fv. ssZh-ns KpW- a\pjy Ah-Im-i-s-Smt\m Ah-\n Btcm-]n-mt\m ]mSn-. ssZhw
Na-bp--h kl-Xm-]-aln-p-p. ]cn-lm-kycpw ]m]n-I-fp-am-Im\m-Wtm Ah-cpsS hn[n. ZnhyXzw Btcm-]n--s-Sp ap hkvXp-fpsS Ah CXn-s\-m ]cn-Xm-]-I-cw.
Ckvem-ans ssZh-imkv{Xw Htc kabw ssZh-ns ]c-am-[nIm-chpw a\p-jys hntam-N-\hpw DZvtLm-jn-p-p. ssZhw ]c-am[n-Im-cn. a\p-jy-scmw Ahs Zmkam. Ahn-S-bn ASn-abpw
DS-a-bp-an-. Fm-hcpw Xpey, Nons ]p-I t]mse.13 ASn-a-ns ASn-th-cp-d-pp Cu Zi-\w. ssZhw Ign-m a\pjy. a\p-jy\p _w t\sc ssZh-hp-am-bn. Cu knm--ns
{]-Xym-LmXw Kpcp-X-c-am-Wv. cmPmhpw ]ptcm-ln-X\pw apX-em-fn
Zp- j v { ]- ` p- amcpw AXns Cc- I - f m- W v . kmaq- l y- t {Zm- l n- I fpw
kzmYw-`-cn-Ifpw AXv CjvS-s-Sn-. Imc-Ww, Ah-scmw ssZhw
Na--h-cm-Wv.

aqv

shfn- ] mSv
shfn-]m-Sn-ep hnizm-k-amWv Ckvem-ans cm-as ASn-m\w. Adn-hns Ghpw {][m-\-s Dd-hn-S-amWv shfn-]m-Sv Znhyt_m-[-\w. Ghpw B[n-Im-cn-I-amb Dd-hn-Shpw AXv Xs. ]t{n-b--fpsS ]cn-anXn t`Zn-m a\p-jys\ klm-bn-Xv shfn-]m-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

27

Sm-Wv. AXn-`u-Xn-I-m-\-am-Wv AXn-eqsS \apv e`n--Xv. shfn]mSv \evImthn a\p-jy-cn\nv ssZhw {]tXyIw sXc-sSp alm-a-\o-jn-I-fmWv {]hm-N-Iam. {]hm-N-I-irw-J-e-bn
BZy-In BZapw Ah-km-\-tXv apl--Zp-am-Wv. apl--Zn\p
tijw {]hm-N-Iam hn-n-. a\p-jys {]Xn-`bpw \mK-cn-I-Xbpw
]qW-h-f-bpsS L-n-tev {]th-in--tm {]hm-N-I-\n-tbmKw
Ah-km-\n-n-p-Ibpw apl--Zns ktiw temImyw hsc \ne\np- s av {]Jym- ] n- p- I bpw sNbv X p ssZhw. apl- - Z ns
ktiw Xopw ]pXnbX. BZw apX tbip hsc {]t_m[\w sNbvX Znhy-k-t-i-ns XpSbpw hf-bp-am-W-Xv. ap{]hm-N-Iam-cpsS A[ym-]-\-sf AXv icn-sh-p. Fm AXn
a\p-jy-_pn Iqn-tXv Xncp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
apl-Zv ssZh-a-. ssZh-ns {]Xn-\n-[n-bp-a-, ZqXam-{Xw.
Atlw a\p-jy-\m-Wv. a\p-jyv ktiw \evIm thn ssZhw
Ah-cn\nv sXc-s-Sp {]tXyI a\p-jy. Xs ]Z-hn-\p-k-cn Pohn-X-amWv Atlw \bn--Xv. Atlw tIhe sskmn-I-\m-bn-cp-n-. {]tbm-m-hp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-p. Ckvem-ans Pohnp amXr-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ns AI--f-n-en-cpv
A\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSv Bm-]n-p-I-bm-bn-cp-n At-lw. Pohn-Xns \Sp-ap--mWv Atlw \ne-bp-d-n--Xv. I-h-S-n, Irjnbn, ]n-bn, ]me-san, bp--f-nt]mepw Atlw
Dm-bn-cp-p. ssZh-ns shfn-]m-S-\p-k-cn-mWv Atlw Pohn-Xv.
ssZhw apl--Zns\ Adn-bn shfn-]m-Sp-I-fmWv Jp-Bs DS-w. Jp-B apl--Zns hN-\--f; ssZh-ns hN-\-.
ssZh-h-N-\--fpsS hni-Zo-I-c-W-amWv apl--Zns Pohn-Xw; apl-Zns hmpw {]hr-n-bpw. Chbpw t{ImUo-I-cn--s-n-p-v.
CXns\ lZokv Fv hnfn-p-p. Ckvem-ans ZznXob {]am-WamWv lZokv . BZy- t Xv Jp- B . Jp- B \pw lZo- k p- a mWv
Ckvem-ans B[n-Im-cnI tcJ.
Jp-B\pw lZokpw ]Tn-msX Ckvem-an-s\-p-dn-p-- ]-T\w
]qn-bm-hn-. Ckvem-an-s\-p-dnv ]Tn-p-h Ch cpw ]Tnm-dn FXv Cv ]cs ImW-s-Sp Hcp \yq\-X-bm-Wv.
sk-dn tkmgvkp-I-fmWv A[n-I-t]cpw B{i-bn-p--Xv. Ckveman-s\--n-bp ]pkvX-I- Hcn-epw Jp-B-\n\pw lZo-kn\pw
]I-c-am-hn-. ssZhw a\p-jy-t\mSv t\cnv kwh-Zn-p-Xv Jp-B-\neq-sS-bm-Wv. ssZhs tI-W-sa-n Jp-B hmbn--Ww.
{]hm-N-Is\ t\cnv tI-W-sa-n lZokv hmbn--Ww. Ad_n
`mj-bn-ep ]cn-m-\-pd-hmWv t\cn-p hmb-\p A[nI

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

28

t]pw XS-w. Ad_n `mj ]Tn-p-sImv Nne Cu XSw

\om {ian-n-p-v. Ahv skdn tkmgvkp-I-fpsS ]cn-anXn-I t_m[y-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv. A[n-I-t]cpw ]cn-`m-j-IfpsS klmbw tXSp-p. ]cn-`m-j-Iv [mcmfw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fp-v.
Fmepw Ckvem-an-s\-n Fgp-X-s-Sp ]pkvX-I--sf-m saw
Ah-bvp-v. Ckvem-an-s\-p-dn-p ]pkvX-I- hmbn-t
F; Jp-B\pw lZo-kp-amWv {][m\w Fv kqNn-n-Xm-Wv.
Jp-B hmbn-p-I, km[n-p-sa-n Ad-_n-bn t\cn-v. JpBs BmY- X A- t m t_m[y- a m- I pw. BmY- X bmWv
JpBs khn-tij KpW-sav tXmakv Imsse ]d-n-pv.14 Hcp {]mh-iy-sa-nepw Jp-B hmbn-p-I, ]cn-`m-j-sb-nepw.
Jp-B Hcp Akm-[m-cW {K-am-Wv.15 XpS-tam HSp-tam
{Iam-\p-K-X-amb Btcm-l-Wm-h-tcm-l-Wtam AXn A\p-`-h-s-Sn. CXn\v apv Cs\ Hcp {Kw \n hmbn-n-p-m-hn-. JpB hmbnp XpS-p-tm BZyw \ockw tXmp-sav Pa
Ihnbpw Zmi-\n-I-\p-amb sKtY A`n-{]m-b-s--Xn Aev]w icnbp-v. Fm "aptmv t]mIp-tm' Atlw ]d-bp-p, ""AXv
\s BIjn-pw. AXn-i-bn-n-pw. Ah-km\w \psS BZ-chv
]nSn-p-]-pw. hnj-b-ns kz`m-h-a-\p-k-cnv AXns ssien Kuch-amXpw `oXn-P-\-I-hp-am-Ipw. AXv BZyw DZm-hpw at\m-lc-hp-am-Wv. AXn-\m Cu {K-w Fpw kzm[o\w sNep-n-smn-cn-pw.''16 Jp-B-\nse Hmtcm hmIyhpw A\p-]-ahpw Akm-[m-cW-hp-am-Wv. tdmbv ss]Ins \nco-Ww Cs\: Jp-B
Hcp AZv`p-X-am-Wv. AZv`p-X--fpsS AZv`pXw!17
Jp-B-s\-tmse Bi-b-k--hpw hiy-a-t\m-l-c-hp-amWv \_nh-N-\--fpw. \_n-h-N-\--fn \nmWv Xm Ckvemw ]Tn--sXv
{]i-kvX Fgp-p-Im-c k-dnb Hcn- ]d-p. aq{Xw Hgn-pXv apX \S-hpw Ccn-hpw F-s\-bm-bn-cn--W-sav hsc
lZo-kp-I ]Tn-n-p-p-sv Atlw AZv`pXw Iqdp-p.
a\p-jys Pohm-ar-X-amWv Jp-B\pw lZo-kpw.18 Ch ]m\w-sNmsX Bm-hns Zmlw ian-n-, Xo. Imcp-Wy-ns iamb ASn-sbm-gp-mWv Jp-B\pw lZokpw hmbn-p-tm A\p-`h-s-Sp-I.

\mev

]c- t emIw
ac-Wm-\-c Pohn-X-n-ep hnizm-k-amWv Ckvem-ans aqmas ASn-m-\w. acWw Fpw a\p-jys\ Atem-k-c-s-Sp-nbn-p hnj-b-am-Wv. ac-W-tijw Fv F-Xn-s\-n aqv {][m\

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

29

hnizm-k- P\-n-S-bn-ep-v. ac-W-tmsS PohnXw Ah-km\n-p, ]noSv Hcp PohnXw Cu temItm thsd GsX-nepw
temItm C F- X mWv Ch- b n Hm- a - t Xv . a\p- j y
Ahs Ia-^-e-a-\p-k-cnv ]p\P-\n-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p-sh-mWv
cm-as hnizm-kw. a\p-jy am{X-a Cu temIw Xs Hcn ]qW-ambn \in-p-sapw A\-cw Fm-hcpw ssZh-k-n[n-bn ]p\-cp-o-hn-n-s-Sp-sapw AhnsS Ah-cpsS Cl-temI-Po-hnXw hnNm-c-W-sN--s-Sp-sapw kpIr-X-hmamv kzK-Pohn-Xhpw ]m]n-Iv \c-I-Po-hn-Xhpw hn[n--s-Sp-sa-p-amWv aqmas hnizm- k w.19 CXv Ckv e m- a ns hnizm- k w. Fm {]hm- N Iamcpw {]N-cn-n hnizm-khpw CXp-X-s.
Cu aqv hnizm-k-fpw imkv{Xo-b-ambn sXfn-bn--s-n-n-.
ac-Wm-\--c-Po-hnXw Cp-hsc imkv{X-ns ]cn-[n-bn hnn F-XmWv CXn\v Imc-Ww. imkv{X-ns At\Iw t]mcmbva-I-fn HmWv CXpw. Ch aqpw bpn-bpsS shfn--n
hni-Zo-I-cn-m-\p {ia- \S-n-p-v.
ac-W-s--h-cmcpw Xncn-p-h-n-n-, AXn-\m ac-Wm-\-cw Hcp
Pohn-X-an FmWv Hm-as hn`m-K-ns bpn-Nn-. ac-Wm\-cw Hcp Pohn-X-an F \nK-a-\-n-se-m am{Xw bpn
Cu Nn-bn-en-s-mWv ap cv hn`m-K-m ]d-bp--Xv. acn-pt]m-b-h Bcpw Xncn-p-h-cm--Xp-sImv ac-Wm-\-cw Hp-an
F Xocp-am-\-n-se-m Ign-bn-. acn-p-t]m-b-h Xncn-p-h-cm-Xp-sImv ac-Wm-\--c-Po-hn-X-s-n Fs-nepw ]d-bm
\apv Ign-bn Fv am{Xta AXv kqNn-n-p-p-. ac-Wm-\--cPo-hn-Xs \ntj-[n-m am{Xw in Cu bpn-Nn--n-. PohnX-ns W-`w-Kp-c-Xbvpw A]qW-Xbvpw Xr]vXn-I-c-amb
hni-Zo-I-cWw \evIm\pw Cu hom-K-Xn-mv Ign-bp-n-.
bpn-bpsS `mKv \nv hf-sc-b-[nIw tNmZyw sN-s-n-p
ho- W - a mWv cm- a - t - X v ]p\Pa hoWw. a\p- j y
Ahs Ia-^-e-a-\p-k-cnv DXvIr-jvSt\m \nIrjvSt\m Bbn
]p\P-\n-p-sIm-n-cn-p-sa-mWv Cu ho-W-m ]d-bp--Xv.
Ia-^ew A\p-`-hn--W-sa bpn Xo-bmbpw Cu ho-Wn Aeo-\-am-Wv. Fm aqv {][m\ t]mcm-bva-I Cu
ho-W-n-\p-v. Hv: krjvSn BZn-bn Fm-bn-cpp Fp hniZo-I-cn-m\p {]bm-kw. cv: Ia-^ew A\p-`-hn-p--h\v Xs
apa-s-p-dnv Hcp [mc-W-bp-an F bmYmYyw. sXsmpw
sNmsX inn--s-Sp--h-s\-tm-se-bm-W-h. As-n, kpIrX-sampw sNmsX A\p-{K-ln--s--h-s\-tm-se. apa-n
Xm Bcm-bn-cpp F-dn-bmsX Cu Pa-sa-s\ intbm ]mcn-

tXm-jn-Itam BIpw? aqm-as \yq\X IqSp-X A]-I-S-I-c-amWv. Pohn-X-ns Xmsg Xn-ep--h-t\m-Sv, "CXv apa-ns
]m]-^-e-am-Wv, ktm-j-tmsS A\p-`-hn-p-sIm-pI' FmWv
Cu ho-W-ns Blzm-\w. Db Xn-encn-p--hs\ \ymboI-cn-p-I-bmWv CXns adp-h-iw. D-\o-N-Xz- \oXn-a-Xv-cn-s-Spp Chn-sS. bpn-Nn-sb am{X-a kmam-\y-\o-Xn-sb-tmepw
Cu hoWw tNmZyw sNp-p.
Pohn-X-ns W-`w-Kp-c-Xbvpw A]qW-Xbvpw Xr]vXnI-c-amb hni-Zo-I-c-W-amWv aqm-as ho-Ww PohnXw ac-Wtm-Sp-IqSn Ah-km-\n-p-n-; Cl-tem-I-Po-hn-X-ns \njvIrjvS-amb hnNm-c-W-bpsS ASn-m-\-n ]c-tem-Iv AXv XpScpw. acn--h-cmcpw Xncn-p-h-cp-n-; temIw CXp-hsc Ah-km-\n-n
F-sXmpw ac-Wm-\-cw Hpw kw`-hn-m t]mIp-n FXn\v sXfn-hm-Ip-n-. Cl-tem-I-ns kh-\m-ihpw ]c-tem-IPo-hn-Xhpw kw`-hn-m-\n-cn-p-t-bp-q. Fp-sImv Ay-Zn\w
kw`-hn-p-n Fv apl-Zv \_n-tbmSpw As P\-
tNmZn-n-cp-p. AXns ka-b-am-Ip-tm AXv kw`-hn-p-sav
am{X-amWv Av ssZhw AXn-t\mSv {]Xn-I-cn--Xv.20 acnv am-b-Xn\p tijw ]p\-cp-o-hn-n--s-Sp-I-tbm Fpw As BfpI kwibw {]I- S n- n- n- c p- p. Cm- b v a - b n\nv a\p- j ys\
krjvSn ssZh-n\v AXv Bhn-m {]bm-k-an FmWv
Av \evInb kam-[m-\w.21 CXn-\-pdw bpn-t_m-[s sRnn-gn-bm-s\mpw ssZhw {ian-n-n-. ]c-temIw kmam-\y-bp-n-bpsS
tX- a m- b - X p- s Im- mImw CXv . FmWv Cu kmam- \ y- b pn?
kpIrXw sNbvX-h\v DNn-X-amb {]Xn-^ew In-Ww. ]m]w sNbvXh\v in-bpw. cp-t]-cp-sSbpw ]cy-h-km\w Hcpt]mse-bm-bm
]n-. Cl-tem-Iv CXn-s\mpw kwhn-[m-\-an-. ]c-tem-I-Po-hnX-ns A`m-h-n Cl-tem-I-Po-hnXw Xopw Akw-_-am-bn-o-cpw.
temIm-h-km-\--s-nbpw ]p\-cp-o-h-\-s--nbpw imkv{Xw
]g-b-t]mse A-a Cv. ]pXnb Is--ep-I Ch-bpsS
km[y- X - b n- t ep kqN- \ - I \ev I n- b n- p- v . \ntj- [ s Hcp
\nepw A\p-Iq-en-p-n ]pXnb Is--ep-I. Fmepw acWm--c-Po-hnXw imkv{X-n\p ]pd-p Hcp hnj-b-ambn Ahti- j n- p- I - b m- W v . hnizm- k - t a- J - e - b n- e mWv Ctmgpw AXns
m\w. CXv ac-Wm-\-c Pohn-X-ns am{Xw {]iv\-a; ssZhhn-izmkw t]mepw HcY-n A-s\-bm-Wv. imkv{X-ns ]cn[n-bn hcp-n ssZh-hpw. CsXm-s C-s\-X-s-bmWv thXv
F-XmWv CXns bpn-k-l-am-b adp-h-iw. Nn-bp-sSbpw At\z-

j-W-n-sbpw am\-h-]p-tcm-K-Xn-bp-sSbpw \nan---fmbn Cu \nKqV-X-I \ne-\n-ev-W-sav ssZhw Dt-in-n-cn--Ww. AXpsImv

AXn-`u-Xn-I-ta-J-e-bn-emWv Cu hnj-b--fpsS m\w. AXn-`uXn-I-m\w ssZh-n\p am{Xta Dq. imkv{X-n-stbm bpnNn--bp-sStbm ]cn-[n-bn hcp-n AXv.22

Av

Ckvem-anI Poh-X-]-Xn
Atm ssZhw, {]hm-N-I, ]c-temIw Ch-bmWv Ckvem-an-IZi-\-ns aqe-in-e-I. Chsb ASn-m-\-amn _rl-mb
Hcp Pohn-X-]--Xn-bpw Ckvemw cq]-s-Sp-n-bn-p-v. AXv hni-Zo-Icn-pI ChnsS kwK-X-a; {][m-\-k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fn-tev Hcp Fnt\mw am{Xw.
Bo-b-X-sbbpw `uXn-I-X-sbbpw ka-\z-bn-n-pp FXmWv Ckvem-anI Pohn-X-hy-h-n-Xn-bpsS Ghpw henb {]tXyI-X. Hcp ]t, temIv Ckvem-an\p am{Xw Ah-Im-i-s-Sm-hp
Hcp khn-ti-j-X-bm-bn-cnpw CsXv tXmp-p. ap Zi-\-
Hp-In Bo-b-X-bn-tev As-n `uXn-I-X-bn-tev Nmp
InS- p- p. a\p- j ys\ Xr]v X n- s - S p- m Ahbv v Ign- b n- .
ImcWw a\p-jy Hcp Bo-b-Po-hn-b; `uXn-I-Po-hn-bp-a-. Ahv
Bmhpw ico-c-hp-ap-v.
ka-{Khpw kqW-hp-amWv Ckvem-anI Pohn-X-hy-h-. PohnX-ns Fm taJ-e-I-sfbpw AXv kv]in-p-p. hyn, kaqlw, Bo-bw, `uXn-Iw, km-n-Iw, cmjv{So-bw Fmw. ssZhns ]c-am-[n-Im-c-amWv Fm taJ-e-bnepw Ckvemw DZvtLm-jnp--Xv. Ckvem-ans cmjv{So-b-Im-gvN-m-S-\p-k-cnv `c-Wm-[n-Imcn
shdpw tkh-I-\m-Wv. km[m-cW {]P-In-m B\p-Iq-ey-tfm
Ah-Im-i-tfm Abmp-m-hn-. GIm-[n-]-Xytam khm-[n-]Xytam \ncp-]m-[nI P\m-[n-]-Xytam Ckvemw AwKo-I-cn-p-n-.
ssZh-ns ]c-am-[n-Imcw AwKo-I-cnv ssZh-I-ev]-\-I A\p-kcnv `cn-p--Xn\p P\-{]m-Xn-\n[y hyh--bmWv Ckvem-ans
cmjv{S-k--ev]-n-ep--Xv. CXv Xntbm-{I-kn-bn\npw sUtam-{Ikn-bn\npw `n-am-Wv.
Ckvem-anI k-Zvhy-h--bn kzp-S-a -hy-ntbm kaq-ltam
cmjv{Stam A; ssZh-am-Wv.23 kqn-p-Im-cs Npa-X-e-bmWv a\pjy\p \nh-ln-m-\p--Xv. apX-em-fn--n\npw tkmjy-en-kn-\npw `n-amWv Cu ho-Ww. hyn-bpsS km-nI

32

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

kzmX{yw Ckvemw XS-n-n-. Fm AXv kaq-l-ns

hnime Xmev ] - c y- n\p FXn- c m- h - c p- s Xv \njv I jn- n- p- v .
kzn Zcn-{Zv {]tXy-I Ah-Im-ihpw \n-bn-n-p-v.24 NqjW-ns Fm hgn-Ifpw sImn-b-S-n-p-v. k-ns {]tbmP\w Ah-Im-i-n-eq-sSbpw A\p-I--bn-eq-sSbpw Fm-hpw Ddp-h-cp-m Ckvem-anI k-Zvhy-hbvv km[n-n-p-v.25
Ckvem-ans\ Ghpw P\-{]n-b-am-n-bXv AXns kmaq-ly-hyh-bm-Wv. a\p-jy-k-aXzw ]qW-amb Af-hn Dd-p-h-cp-p
asmcp hyh temI-n-. kqW-k-aXzw Ckvemw hnfw-_cw
sNbvXp; \S-nem-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. PawsImpw hWw-sImpw
D-\o-NXzw Iev]n-p-t]m-cp temIv Ckvem-anI kaqlw Hcp
hnkva-b-am-Wv. k-v, hnZym-`ym-kw, A[n-Imcw Hpw D-\o-N-Xzn\v ]cn-lm-c-am-bn-. \nb-ahpw AXns apn tXmp. Fmhcpw tXmn-Sv H {]Jym-]\w sImv Ckvemw kaXzw km[n-p.
"a\p-jy-tc, Htc amXm-]n-Xm--fpsS a-fmWv \n.' Ctm cmPmhn\pw ASn-apw tXmtfmSv tXm tNv \nevm-sa-m-bn. cmPmhpw
ASn-abpw Xs Cm-Xmbn. cp-t]cpw Xpeym-h-Im-i--fp a\pjy-cm-bn. Hcp Imcyw {]tXyIw Hmt--Xp-v. Ckvem-ans ap
aqey-v tim` \jvS-s--tmgpw kaXzw Ckvem-anI kaq-ln Pzenp \np. Cpw ap kap-Zm-b--fpsS Akq-bv ]m{Xambn Hcp AZv`pXw t]mse AXv AacwsImp-p. hWw, tZiw,
`mj, PmXn Fm aXn-ep-Ifpw AXv CSnp \nc-p-p. acn--hsc
t]mepw Ckvemw shdpsX hnSp-n-. I-d-bpsS Dbcw \nP-s-Spn--fp AXv!
kaXzw am{X-a Ckvemw e`y-am-n-b-Xv. ASn--a-s--hcpw
\ncm-ew-_-cp-amb P\-hn-`m-K-v {]tXyI Ah-Im-i-fpw AXv
Dd-p-h-cp-n. kv{XoI, Ipn-I, hrP-\-, tcmKn-I, Zcn{Z, A\m-YI, A`-bmYn-I Ch-cpsS ta Ckvemw ImcpWyw
sNmcn-bp-p.
IWn-i-am-Wv Ckvem-ans \oXn-\ym-b-hy-h-. \nb-a-ew-L-\n\pw Ip-Ir-Xy-n-\p-ap kml-N-cy- Hgn-hm-p-I-bmWv
Ckvem-anI \nb-a- \nh-ln-p {][m\ [aw. inn-p-hm\-, in Hgn-hm-m-\mWv Ckvem-an\p Xmev]-cyw. Fm kmlN-cy- {]Xn-Iq-e-am-bn-pw, sXv Hgn-hm-m amK--fp-m-bnpw
a\x-]qhw AXv sNp--hsc Ckvem-anI \oXn-]oTw inn-pI
Xs sNpw. hy-amb sXfn-hns ASn-m-\-n \evI-sSp Cu in amXr-Im-]-c-am-bn-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw. Ipw sNbvX-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

33

hs\ inn-p-I, \oXn \ntj--[n--s--h\v AXv e`y-am-pI XpSnb hnj-b--fn-sempw Ckvemw Cfhv A\p-h-Zn-p-n-. ImcWw
AXv kaq-l-n\v tZmjw sNpw. apJw t\mmsX \oXn \S-mm-\mWv Ckvemw Bh-iy-s-Sp--Xv.
Ckvem-anI hyh-n-Xn-sb-p-dn-v, hninjym AXnse \nb-a-sf-p-dn-v, A[n-I-t]pw Adn-bm Hcp hkvXp-X-bp-v. CkvemanI hyh-n-Xn-bpsS hnIm-k--a-Xbpw \ho-I-c-W-kn-n-bp-am-WXv. \qm-p-I ]g--ap Ckvem-anI \nb-a- ]pXnb temIhp-ambn Fs\ s]mcp--s-Sp-sav Nnn-p [mcmfw t]cpv. Ckvem-anI \nb-a-hy-h--bpsS \ho-I-cW tijn Adn-bmsX
t]mb-XmWv Cu sXn-m-c-W-bpsS tlXp. Ckvem-anI hyh-nXn-bpsS auen-I-X-Xz- am{X-amWv ssZhw \n-bn-n-cn-p--Xv.
Cu auenI XXz--fn \np-sImv hyh-sb Imtem-Nn-X-ambn
hnI-kn-n-t Npa-Xe a\p-jys Kth-j-W-_p-n-m-Wv. a\pjy\p e`n al-mb AwKo-Imcw IqSn-bm-Wn-Xv.

Bdv

ImcpWyw
Imcp- W y- a mWv Ckv e m- a ns Imem- h - - s bv tXmp- p.
avt]m-se, Nne-tm in-bmb ag-t]mse AXv s]bvXn-d-pp. hni-p-hv A-ambpw an-Xv tamN-\-ambpw A\m-Ybvv
cn-Xm-hmbpw tcmKnv kmz-\-ambpw AXv {]Xy--s-Sp-p. Zmlnp-he
- b
- p \mb-bpsS hmbnepw hmSn-c
- n-bp ]qs-Sn-bpsS thcnepw
AXv IpSn-\o-sc-n-p-p. ITn-\-lr-Z-b--fn t]mepw I\hv ]Iv
PohnXw kvt\lm{Zam-pp Ckvem-ans Ir]m-Im-cp-Wyw.
Zbm-]-c\pw Icp-Wm-a-b-\p-sa-mWv ssZhw kzbw hnti-jn-n-Xv. hnip Jp-B-\nse \qn--Xn-\mev A[ym-b--fn \qn--Xnaqpw Bcw-`n-p-Xv ssZh-ns Cu khn-ti-jX FSp-p-]-dp-sIm-m-Wv. kzw knlm-k-\-n Dt-J\w sNm ssZhw
sXc-s-Sp hmIy-an-Xm-Wv "Fs ImcpWyw Fs t{Im[s
AXn-i-bn-p-p.' Xs Imcp-Wy-s-smn Hcn-epw \ncm-i-cm-hcp-sX-mWv Ah a\p-jys\ Adn-bn-n-cn-p--Xv. ssZhw {]hm-NI-t\mSv ]d-Xv Cs\: "Fs ASna Hcp Nm FtmSv ASpm Hcp apgw Ah-t\mSv Rm ASppw. Hcp apgw Ah FtmSv
ASp-m Hcp amdv Rm Ah-t\m-S-Sp-pw. Ah F-Sp-tv
\S-p-h-cp-tm Ah-Sp-tv Rm HmSn-s-pw.' cm{Xn apgph ssZhw Imn-cn-p-I-bm-Ws{X ]I ]m]w sNbvX-h-cpsS
am-t] kzoI-cn-m. ]Iepw Ah Imn-cn-p-I-bm-Ws{X
cm{Xn ]m]w sNbvX-hv s]mdpp sImSp-m.
{]hm-NI \ntbm-K-ns cl-kyhpw Imcp-Wy-a-s{X. kvt\lw,

34

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

Zb, Imcp-Wyw Ch-bmWv Hcp {]hm-N-Is tNcp-h-I. P\--fpsS

h-am-\-nepw `mhn-bnepw th]Yp ]qv Ahsc kamK-ntepw ta-n-tepw \bn-m ITn-\-{]-bXv\w sNpp ssZhZq-X. "Fs P\--tf,' F kvt\l-a-krW-amb hnfn {]hm-NIs lrZ-b-n \nmWv hcp--Xv. ]I P\-p-thn
A[zm-\n-p-Ibpw cm{Xn Ahp-thn {]mYn-p-Ibpw sNp
alm-a-\-kvI-\mWv {]hm-N-I. acp-`q-an-bnse \ocpw XW-ep-am-bn,
Imcp-Wy-ns {]Im-i-tKm-]p-c-ambn am\-hN-cn-{Xs btim-[-\yamn apl-Zv \_n. "`qan-bn-ep--h-tcmSv Icp-W-bp--h-cm-Iq, BImi-p--h \n-tfmSv Icp-W-bp--h-\m-Ip-'sav Atlw DZvt_m[n-n-p-sIm-n-cp-p. Hcm Xs kplr-n-\p-thn tkh-\-ntes-n-cn-p-tm ssZhw Ahs tkh-\ntes-n-cn-p-Ibm-Ip-sa-mWv Atlw Adn-bn--Xv. Zcn-{Zs hniv ssZh-ns
hni-m-sWpw Fm Dut-Xv ssZh-s-b hni-p a\pjy-s\-bm-sWpw {]hm-N-I ]Tn-n-p-p.
"FmWv \n-fpsS [\w?' F {]hm-N-Is tNmZyw tIv,
tXm-f
- n-tepw sIn-S
- f
- n-tepw ZrjvSn-]m-bn A\p-Nc
- am-tcmSv
A-sXmpw \n-fp-tS-X-spw FmtWm \n CXp-hsc Zm\w
sNbvXXv AXmWv \n-fpsS [\-sapw {]hm-N-I {]Xn-h-Nn-ptm PohnXw at\m-l-c-amb Hcp Ihn-X-bm-bn-o-cp-p. "BSns\
Adp-nv Fv sNbvXp' Fp tNmZn--tm "Fmw Abhmkn-Iv sImSp-p. tXmsfv am{Xta C\n _mn-bpq' Fv
adp-]Sn \evInb kzw hop-Im-tcm-Sv, "tXmsfv Hgn-p--sXmw
_mn-bps'v {]hm-N-I ]d-bp-tm Cu IhnX Pohn-Xm-\p-`h-am-bn-o-cp-p.
Pohn-X-ns kmbw-k-y-bn Ckvem-ans ImcpWyw hrP\v kmz-\-hp-am-sb-p-p.- hn-ipbp-n ]s-Sp-p-Xn-s\-m al--c-amWv hr-cmb amXm-]n-Xm-sf ip{iq-jn-sepw Ah-tcmSv \ockw t]mepw {]I-Sn-n--cp-sXpw ImcpWy- ns Nnd- I p- I Ahv hnSn sImSp- - W - s apw
Ckvemw A\p-im-kn-p-p.26 hn[-h-Ipw A\m-Y-Ipw A`bmYn-Ipw Ckvem-ans ImcpWyw Ah-Im-i-s A`-b-am-bno-cp-p. A_-e-I-fpsS _ehpw i_vZ-an-m--h-cpsS i_vZ-hp-ambn
`qansb Pohn-m sImm-hp--Xm-n-op-p Ckvemw.
]d-Xv Ckvem-ans Zmi-\n-I-hpw {]Xy-b-im-kv{X-]-c-hp-amb
Imcy-. Ckvem-ans Ncn-{Xw--`q-Xhpw h-am-\-hpw \psS
apn-ep-v. a\p-jys \mK-cn-I-Xbpw kwkvIm-chpw cq]-s-Sp-p-Xnepw hnI-kn-n-p--Xnepw Ckvemw hln ]v \apv hne-bncp-m km[n-pw. AXn\v ChnsS apXn-cp-n-. Ckvemw temIn\v shfn--am-bXv Fs\ F-Xn\v Ncn-{X-ns kmy-ap-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

35

v .

`mKw aqv

Pam-As Ckveman
Hv

\thm- m- \ - { ]- m\w
Ckvem-ans\ kw_-n kmam\y hnh-c-W-n\nv Hcp Imcyw
hmb-\-m-c\v a\-n-em-bn-p-m-Ipw. Ckvemw a\p-jys Pohn-Xn kPo-h-ambn CS-s]-Sp-p. Hcp kaq-e-hn--h-{]-m-\-ns
Fm e-W-fpw AXn-\p-v. Ne-\m--Ihpw cN-\m--I-hp-amWv
AXv Ftm-gpw.
Cu kz`m-h-n\v a-te--tm-sgmw IqSp-X in-tbmsS
Ckvem-anI kaqlw AXn-tev Xncn-p-h-n-p-v. \thm-m-\-nsbpw \ho-I-c-W-n-sbpw aln-X-amb ]mc-cyw Ckvem-anI kaql-n\v Ah-Im-i-s-Sm-\p-v. ssZhw Xs \nbn Hcp kwhn[m-\-am-W-Xv. Nne-tm Cu ZuXyw al-Zvhy-n-I \nh-ln-pw;
ap Nne Ah-k-c--fn kwL-S-\-Ifpw. Pam-As Ckvem-anbpw
Cu irwJ-e-bn Hcp In-bm-Wv.
Ckvem-ans\ AXns Fm khn-ti-j-X-I-tfm-sSbpw Dsm
{]m-\-amWv Pam-As Ckvem-an. Ckvem-ans \a-IsImv
PohnXw {]`m-]q-cn-X-am-p-I-bmWv AXns eyw. Ckvem-ans
{]t_m-[-\hpw {]Nm-c-Whpw Pam-As Ckveman apJy-Zu-Xy-ambn

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

36

Gs-SpXv CXn-\p-th-n-bm-Wv. Ckvemans Fm e-W-fpw

PamAs Ckvem-an-p-v. AXv tIhe aX-kw-L-S-\-b-, cmjv{Sob
kwL-S-\-bp-a. kmwkvIm-cnI kwL-S-\tbm k kwL-S-\tbm
A. ]nstbm? CsXmw IqSn-t Hv. Pohn-X-ns kh
K-fpw AXn-\p-v.
1941 BKkvXv 27--mw-Xn--Xn-bmWv Pam-As Ckveman cq]-hXv-cn--s--Xv. Ccp-]Xmw \qm-nse Ckvem-anI \thm-m\ \mbI-cn AZzn-Xo-b-\mb knZv A_p-A-Avem auZq-Zn-bm-bn-cpp
m]-I. tImf-\n-hm-gvN-bpsS ^e-ambn Znim-t_m[w \jvS-s
apkvenw kaq-ls Ckvem-ans Ap-X-n-tev Xncn-p-sIm-ph Dze Nn-I-cmWv Cym D]-`q-J-WvU-nse knZv auZqZnbpw CuPn-]vXnse lk-\p _-bpw. ]c--cm-KX aX-Nn--I-fmbn-cp-n Ch-cp-tS-Xv. apkvenw kaq-l-ns PoW-X-Ifpw Ahsc
Bth-in ]mmXy Zi-\--fpsS s]mf-f--chpw Xpdp ImWnm am{Xw in kp`I-Xbpw bpn-`-{Z-Xbpw Ah-cpsS ]T-\p-m-bn-cp-p. kmap-Zm-bnI hnIm-c-n-\ Ckvem-anI NnbvmWv Ah Xo sImfp-n-b-Xv. apkvenw temI-n\p am{X-a
aqmw temI-n\p s]mXpsh AXv Bth-i-ambn. ]mmXyNn-bpsS Ic-W-t I\--{]-l-c-am-bn-cpp auZq-Zn-bp-sSbpw lk\p_--bp-sSbpw Ckvem-anI Nn-I.
1928- lk-\p_ CuPn-]vXn cq]-h-Xv-cn CJvhm-\p
apkven-aq-s\bpw 1941- auZqZn Ahn-` Cy-bn cq]-h-XvI-cn
Pam-As Ckvem-an-sbbpw ]mm-Xy-km-{am-Py in-I i{Xp-fmbn IXv kzm`m-hn-Iw. apkvenw `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw Cu {]m\--tfmSv i{Xp-Xm-]-c-amb \ne-]m-SmWv kzoI-cn--Xv. apkvenw kapZm-b-nse bmYm-n-Xn-I-cpsS kao-]-\hpw CXv Xs-bm-bn-cp-p.
kmap-Zm-bn-I-Xsbbpw hKo-b-X-sbbpw am{X-a Ah-tbmSv _s kmaq-lnI PoW-X-I-sfbpw Cu {]m-\- FXnp
F-Xm-bn-cpp CXn\v Imc-Ww. apkvenw kaq-l-nse A`y-kvXhn- Z yn- S - b n am{X- a mWv Cu {]m- \ - v BZy- I m- e v
thtcmw e`n--Xv.

cv

XmXzn- I - \ n- e - ] m- S p- I
Cym D]-`q-J-WvU-n kzmX{y kacw in-{]m-]n kab-mWv Pam-As Ckveman {]h\-am-cw-`n-p--Xv. hntZ-im[n-]-Xys BZi-ns `mK-sa \nebvp Xs Pam-Av
\nin-X-ambn FXnp. tZio-b-{]-m-\-n-\-Iv hfp h

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

37

hKob [mc-I-sfbpw AXv ISp `mj-bn hnain-p. apkvenw

tZio-b-Xbvpw lnp tZio-b-X-p-sa-Xnsc Pam-Av in-bmbn
B-Sn-p. Cu \bw Imc-W-ambn ]mn-m hmZn-Ifpw lnpXz-hm-Zn-Ifpw Hcpt]mse Pam-A-ns i{Xp--fmbn. tZio-b-X-tbmSp Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS ImgvN-mSvt]mepw Av sXn--cn-s-p. Fm Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS BZi-]-cX a\-nem-m P\-v e`n BZys Ah-kcw IqSn-bmbn AXv.
tZio-bX, atX-X-c-Xzw, P\m-[n-]Xyw Fo aqp Xz--tfmSp kao-]\w hy-amnsmmWv Pam-Av cwK-{]-thiw
sNbvX-Xv. Ch aqpw Zu_-ey--tf-Xp-an-m GI Ah-ew-_ambn IW-m--s Imev Ch-bn Hfn-n-cn-p A]-I-S A\m-h-cWw sNm Pam-Av ImWn ss[cyw Nnm-{]m-\--fpsS Ncn-{X-n A\n-X-c-am-Wv. Chsb B[p-\nI Ahn-izm-k- Fv hnfn-m hsc Pam-Av ss[cyw ImWn-p.
B[p-\nI \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS aqe-in-e-I-fmWv atX-Xc `uXn-I-hmZw
(Secularism), tZio-bX (Nationalism), P\m-[n-]Xyw (Democracy). Cu
aqe-in-e-Isf \mw Pohn-p Ime-ns aqe-tcm-K- Fv hnfnm am{X-ap Nnm-]-c-amb Icpv Pam-As Ckvem-an-pv. a\p-jy Cv A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-p Fm {]iv\--fp-sSbpw ASnm\ Imc-W- Pam-Av Cu aqv XXz--fn Btcm-]n-pp.
skIyp-e-cnkw B[p-\nI Ime-ns Poh-\-a{w Xs-bmWv. AXns\ FXnp--Xn\p apv \mev hw Nnn--Ww. skIype-cn-ks FXnp-tm-tf-evp BZys ASn-bn kaq-ln \n-fpsS m\w \nW-bn--s-Spw. bmYm-n-Xn-I, ]p\cp-m-\-hm-Zn, ]tcm-K-a-\-n\v FXncv \nevp--h, IqsS tasmSnv hKo-b-hm-Znbpw! Ign-p, \n-fpsS hmZw AtXmsS XIp.
skIyp-e-cnkw Pbnp! Pam-As Ckveman tXmXpw "skIyp-ecnp'IfpsS apn-em-Wv. skIyp-e-cn-ks FXn-Xp-sImv PamA-n-\p-ta hKob ap{Z ]Xn-m AXns i{Xp-v thKn km[n-p. FmWv Pam-Av ]d--sXv ]cn-tim-[n-m
Ahtcm Ahsc ]np-Sv "A-s\-Xs' Fv Gp-]-d--htcm
an\- s - n- . Cy skIyp- e - c n- k - n\p t]mepw - P - a m- A s
Ckveman FXn-cm-sWv hcpn Xom-\p lo\-{i-a-fpw
NnecpsS `mK-p-\n-p-m-bn. FmWv hmkvX-hw?
skIyp-e-cn-k-n\v cv ]Xn-p-Ifpv. Hv ]mm-Xy, cma-tXv Cy. cm-a-tv Hm-a-t-Xn\npw XnIpw
hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp Bi-b-am-Wv. s]mXpsh skIyp-e-cn-k-sav ]dbp-tm \mw AYamp-Xv ]mmXy skIyp-e-cn-k-am-Wv. Pohn-

38

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

Xs aX-n\n-v Xopw shs]-Sp-p Cu skIyp-e-cnkw

Pam-As Ckveman AwKo-I-cn-p-n-. a\p-jy\pw ssZhhpw Xnep _w cl-kyhpw kzIm-cy-hp-am-bn-cn--W-sapw B _w
Hcp Xc-nepw Pohn-Xs _m[n-m ]mSn-spw A\p-im-knp Cu ImgvN-m-SmWv temIs \in-n--sX-mWv Pam-Av
Icp-Xp--Xv. aX-{`mv t]mse hPy-amWv Cu aX-hn-cp--X. cpw
B]- m- W v . Pohn- X - n\nv ssZhs am- \ np- t m
AhnsS ]p\x-{]-Xn-jvTn--s-Sp-Xv sNIp-m-\m-Wv. Hp-In aXhn-cp-X As-n aX-{`m-v. CXv cpw am{Xta \apv ImWm\pw
k-ev]n-m\pw Ign-bp-pq FXv IjvS-am-Wv. Chbvp cn\p-an-S-bn Adn-b-s-SmsX t]mb aX-s--n-bmWv Pam-Av
kwkm-cn-p--Xv. B aXw P\-Po-hn-X-n CS-s]-Spw. AXv ImgvN--a Hcn--epw.
Pohn-X-n CS-s]-Sm Hcp aXhpw ssZhhpw Fn\v \apv?
a\-ns D-d-bn Hcp ssZhs IpSn-bn-cp-n-bn-s-n t]Snbm-Iptam? aX-ns hmev Iqn-tn-s-n a\p-jy-\-m-XmIptam? Fn\v Cu kzIm-cy-a-Xhpw kzImcy ssZhhpw? bpnv
Xosc hg-p--X Cu kzIm-cy-an-S-]m-Sv. Hp-In ssZhs ]qWambn \ncm-I-cn-p-I, As-n ]qW-ambn kzoI-cn-p-I. "skIype ssZhw' {]Y-a-ZrjvSym Xs bpn-hn-cp--am-Wv.
Pam-As Ckveman ]np-S-cp-Xv Ckvem-ans Bi-b--fmWv. ssZh-s-p-dnpw aX-s-p-dn-p-ap Ckvem-ans hoWw
Ign `mKv hni-Zo-I-cn-n-p-v. skIyp-e-cn-khpw Ckvemapw
]qW-ambpw ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp---fmb cv Bi-b--fm-Wv. Hcp aXn\pw skIyp-e-cnkw AwKo-I-cn-m-\m-hn-. Hp-In ssZhw Asn Xm. skIyp-e-cnkw cm-a-t-Xns\ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNpp. tXmymkw AXns ]cn-W-X-^-ew. skIyp-e temI-n\v
Hcp Ap-X-n; Znim t_m[-an-, \nbm-a-I-i-n-bn-. A\n-n-XXzhpw Acm-P-I-Xzhpw AhnsS hnf-bm-Sp-p.
Fm Cy skIyp-e-cnkw sImv Dt-in--s-Sp-Xv
CsXm-pa. aX-\n-c-t]-X Fv samgn-amw sN-s-n-p
Cy skIyp-e-cnkw aX-hn-cp--a-. Pohn-X-n aXhpw ssZhhpw
CS- s ]- S - c p- s Xv Cy skIyp- e - c nkw A\p- i m- k n- p- n- .
hyXykvX aX-hn-`m-K--tfmSv Xpey-amb ASp-hpw AI-ehpw Impkq-n-p-sa km-dns aX-\n-c-t] \ne-]m-Sn-\mWv ChnsS
skIyp-e-cn-k-sap ]d-bp--Xv. aX-hn-cp--X-b-, aX-k-ln-jvWp-XbmWv AXns ImX. aX-k-ln-jvWp-Xbpw aX-ku-lmhpw PamAs Ckvem-an-bpsS IqSn Bi-b--fm-Wv. AXn-\m Cu kao-]\s Pam-Asv kzmKXw sNpI am{X-a AXns\ ]cn-t]m-jn-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

39

n-p \ne-]m-Sp-Ifpw kzoI-cn-p-p.

tZio-b-Xcmjv{S-hp-ambn _-s--Xm-bmepw kap-Zm-b-hp-ambn
_-s--Xm-bm-epw Pam-As Ckveman AwKo-I-cn-p-n-.
kmh-tZ-io-b-X-bnepw hniz-am-\-hn-I-X-bn-ep-amWv Pam-Av hnizkn-p--Xv. `c-W-ku-I-cy-n-\p-thn cmjv{S-v AXnn
\n-bn-p--Xn-t\mSv Pam-A-n\p hntbm-Pn-n-. Fm Cu AXnc-S-bm-f- icn-bp-sSbpw sXn-sbpw am\-Z-WvU--fm-Im ]mSn. `My Country, Right or Wrong' F Imgv N - m- S ns\ Pam- A v
FXnp-p. Xo{h-tZ-io-bX apkvenw-I-fp-tS-Xm-bmepw lnp--fp-tSXm-bmepw Cy-bp-tS-Xm-bmepw ]mn-m-t-Xm-bmepw AXv AwKoI-cn-p-n-. tZi-kvt\lw, ]t, Cu FXnns ]cn-[n-bn
hcp- n- . AXv XnIpw hyXy- k v X - a mb Hcp kwK- X n- b m- W v .
ss\kKn-Ihpw A`n-e-j-Wo-b-hp-amWv B hnIm-cw. AXn A]I-S-an-. Fm Xo{h-tZ-io-bX B[p-\nI cmjv{S-sf _m[n-np A_p-Z-am-Wv. kzmY-X-bmWv A-Xns A[m-c. kzmYX
hyn-bp-tS-Xm-bmepw IpSpw-_-n-s-Xm-bmepw kap-Zm-b-n-s-Xmbmepw cmjv{S-n-s-Xm-bmepw am\-h-k-aq-l-n\v KpWw sNn-.
kzmYX P\n-p-tm acn-p-Xv a\p-jy-Xz-am-Wv. am\-hn-I-X-bmWv
tZio-b-X-bp-sS apJy-i-{Xp.
B[p-\nI P\X hnhn[ tZio-b-X-I-fmbn hn`-Pn--s-n-cn-p-p.
Hmtcm tZio-b-Xbpw CXc tZio-b-X-I-fp-ambn im{X-h-n-em-Wv. NqjWhpw A{I-ahpw bp--fp-amWv CXns A\--c-^-ew. hW-hK, tZi--`mjm hyXym-k--Xo-X-amb hniz-am-\-hn-I-X-b-msX
Cu tcmK-n\p acp-n-. Hpw-cpw temI -bp---fp-sSbpw AXn\v
appw tij-hp-ap-mb ap bp--fp-sSbpw ]m-ew ]Tn-m
tZio-b-X-bn ]Xn-bn-cn-p A]-ISw a\-n-em-Ipw. Bbp-[-
Imh-en-cn-p tZio-bX sImv a\p-jy\p {]tbm-P-\-sam-p-an-.
D]-{Z-h- [mcm-f-apv Xm\pw. Hcp {]tbm-P-\-hp-an-m tZio-bXsb \ne-\nm tImSn-I sNe-h-gnv Bbp[w hmp--Xnse
bpn-sbv? P\-sf ]n-Wn-npw \ne-\nm am{Xw Fv
al- X z- a mWv tZio- b - X - b v p- Xv ? Nnn- n- ptm, tZio- b X
XIm ]ns Bbp[w th temI- n\v ! ]c- k v ] cw
sImpwshpw Cu hn-{K-ls kwc-n-tWm \.
P\m-[n-]-Xy-s-p-dn-p Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS ImgvNmSpw kqva-ambn hne-bn-cp--s-tS--Xm-Wv. cmPm-am-cp-sSbpw
\mSp-hm-gn-I-fp-sSbpw ]m-f-m-cp-sSbpw tkzOm-`-c-W-Iq-S-v
]Icw P\-ln-X-{]-Im-c-ap P\--fpsS `c-W-IqSw F k-ev]s-b Pam-Av FXnp-Xv. `qcn-]--ns lnX-a-\p-k-cnp--Xm-bn-cn-Ww `c-W-IqSw FXv Xs-bmWv Pam-A-n-

40

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

sbpw ImgvN-m-Sv. AXn-\m cmPm-[n-]-Xy-sbpw ]m-f-`-c-Wsbpw AXv FXn-pp. temI-ns hnhn[ `mK--fn \Sp P\m-[n-]Xy apt--sf ]np-W-p-Ibpw sNp-p. P\lnXw `c-W-Iq-S-sf sXc-s-Sp-p--Xn-\p ASn-m-\-am-Ip-Xns\ Pam-Av Hcn-epw tNmZyw sNbvXn-n-. A`n-{]mb kzmX{yhpw `qcn- ] - - ns Xmev ] - c y- fpw kzw ]mn LS- \ bnt]mepw Pam-Av IWn-i-ambn am\n-p-p. kwL-S\m t\XrXzs sXc-s-Sp-m Pam-Av kzoI-cn amKhpw CXp-Xs-bm-Wv.
hntbm-Pnv InS-p-Xv asmcp hi-m-Wv. \nb-a-\nam-Wm-[nIm-c-hp-ambn _-s--Xm-W-Xv. `qcn-]--ns A`n-{]m-b-sf
\nb-a-ns ]Z-hn-bn-te-p-bp P\m-[n-]-Xy-ns XztmSv Pam-A-n\v tbmPn-n-. \nb-a-\nam-Wm-[n-Imcw a\p-jy-\n, Dm-Im ]mSn FmWv Pam-A-ns \ne-]m-Sv. Cu A[nImcw ssZh-n \nn-]vX-am-Wv.28 \nbaw ssZh-n\n-v. a\pjy AX-\p-k-cnv Imcy- \nh-ln-p--h am{Xw. \nhmlnsb sXc-s-Sp-p-Xv Xo-bmbpw `qcn-] lnX-a-\p-k-cnv
Xs.
FmWv a\p-jy \nbaw \nan-m-ep Ipgw? FmWv
\nbaw F-Xns\ B{i-bn-n-cn-pp Cu tNmZy-n-\p D-cw.
]cn-]qW \oXnbpw \ymbhpw e`y-am-p--Xn-\p Gm-Sm-W-Xv.
Fm-hpw {]tbm-P-\-ap--Xm-bn-cn-Ww Cu Gm-Sv. Fm-hcpw
AXv AwKo-I-cn-p-Ibpw thWw. Cs\ Hcp Gm-Sp-m-m
a\p-jy\p Ign-bptam? a\p-jys m\-]-cn-an-Xn-Ifpw ]-]m-Xn-fpw Xo-bmbpw Ah-\p-m-p- -\n-b-as _m[n-pw.
As-nepw `qcn-]--ns ]np-W-bp-v F-Xp-sImv am{Xw
Hcp \nbaw \oXn-bp--am-Ip--sX-s\? icnbpw sXpw Xocp-am-\np--Xn-\p am\-ZWvUw `qcn-]--a Xs. B \ne-]m-Sn bpnbpsS kv]iw t]mep-an-. `qcn-]--ns A`ojvSw Fp-am-Imw.
AXns\ \nb-{n-p Hcp in-bp-an-. A\n-b-{n-X-amb Cu A`nem-j-v \nb-a-ns ]Zhn \evIp-Xv A]-I-S-am-Wv. ap-hv am{X-a Ahp Xsbpw. Xo-bmbpw P\m-[n-]Xyw hfb-an-m-sX-bp Nm-am-Wv. ssZh-lnXw sImv Ckvemw P\-ln-Xn\v hfbw Xop-p. ChnsS kzmX{yw \nb-{n-X-am-Wv. icn,
]t, Hp IqSn-bpv; AXv kpc-n-X-hp-am-Wv. P\-{]n-b- \n-ba
\namW hyh--bn kzmX-{yw A]-I-S-I-c-amw-hn[w A\n-b-{nX-am-Wv. kpc-nX kzmX{yw thtWm Ac-nX kzmX{yw
thtWm F-XmWv a\p-jys apn-ep {]iv\w.
Cu aqv Bi-b-pw tim`-\-amb Hcp DZv`h Ncn-{X-ap-s

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

41

Imcyw ChnsS hnkva-cn-p-n-. ss{IkvXh ]ptcm-ln-Xam-cpsS

aX-ta-[m-hn-X--n-s\-Xn-cmb ka-amb \o-am-bn-mWv skIype- c nkw cwK- p- h - c p- - X v . ]utcm- l n- X y- t m- S p AXns
FXnn icn-bp-v. ]ptcm-ln-X-t\m-Sp hntcm[w ssZh-hn-tcm-[ambn ]cn-W-an--XmWv ]nevm-ev AXn\p kw`-hn sXv. Fensb
t]Snv Cw Npp skIyp-e-cn-kw.
t]mpw kokdpw tXmtfmSv tXm tNv temI-cm-jv{S-sf
ImIo-gn-e-an-b-tm-gmWv tZiobt_m[w DS-se-Sp-p--Xv. Hcp
cmjv{S-ns Xmev]-cy- Xocp-am-\n-t-Xv Ahn-Ss P\-Xbm-sWpw Ah t]mn-k-n-stbm Cw]o-cn-b-en-k-n-stbm
Np-I--sf--p-ap Xncn--dn-hmWv tZio-b-X-bpsS ASn-m\ hnImc-ambn hn--Xv. Fm Cu tZio-b-hn-Imcw {ItaW Hcp Bib-ambn hf-cp-Ibpw P\--fp-sSbpw cmjv{S--fp-sSbpw \nbm-a-I-in-bm-bn-o-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. cmjv{S- Xn-ep InS-a--c-ntepw A{I-a-n-tepw bp--fn-tepw AXv hyXn-N-en-p-sImn-cp-p. tZio-b-Xbvv cq]-s-Sp-m Ign-bp D-a-]u-c-\mWv
lnve. temIw Ccw D-a-]u-cam-sc-smv \nd-m.........
P\m-[n-]-Xy-n\pw aln-X-amb DZv`h ]m--e-ap-v. GIm-[n]Xynsbpw khm-[n-]-Xy-n-sbpw Ne s]mn-s-dn-bpI
F P\m-[n-]-Xy-ns eyw ]hn-{X-am-bn-cp-p. \nc-h[n P\-XXn-Isf kzmX-{y-n-s- ]p-e-cnbntev \bn-m AXn\v km[nn-p-v. Fm \nb-a-n-sbpw \oXn-bp-sSbpw ASn-m\ t{kmXns\ tNmZyw sNp-n-S-tmfw AXv hfXv A]-ISw sNbvXp.
skIyp-e-cn-khpw tZio-b-Xbpw P\m-[n-]-Xyhpw B[p\nI a\pjys XmznI ka-ky-I-fm-Wv. Ch Xs-bmWv Ahs {]mtbmKnI {]iv\-fpw skIyp-e-cn-ks aX-k-ln-jvWp-X-bn-tepw
tZio-b-Xsb tZi-kvt\-l-n-tepw P\m-[n-]-Xys P\-ln-X-ntepw ]cn-an-X-s-Sp-p-Xv hsc B[p-\nI a\p-jy\v c-bn-.

aqv

Ia- ] Yw
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS Pohn-X-ho-Ww Ckvem-ans PohnX-ho-Ww Xs-bm-Wv. AXv cmw `mKv hn-i-Zo-I-cn--s--Xn\m ChnsS Bhn-p-n-. Ckvem-anI Zi-\-tm-Sp PamA- ns {]Xn- _ - X hnIm- c - ] - c - a - . Pohn- X - s bpw {]]- sbpw kw_-n Ckvem-ans ho-W-amWv icn Fv PamAv Dd-p-hn-iz-kn-p-p. {]hm-N-Iam-cn-eqsS am\-h-k-aq-l-n-

42

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

\p-]-Ip Innb Cu hoWw AwKo-I-cn-p--Xn-emWv temIns \a F- pw Pam- A v Icp- X p- p. AXp- s Imv Cu

hoWw {]N-cn-n-p--Xn\pw AXv apn-n-d-p-p. Cu hnj-bn ]t, Pam-A-n\v ]nSn-hm-in-tb-Xp-an-. a\p-jys _pntbmSpw bpn-tbmSpw kam-[m-\m--co--n kwh-Zn-p PamAv AXns hnizmkw Bscbpw ASn-t-ev]n-p-n-. Bib
taJ-e-bn kqW kzmX-{yw AXv A\p-h-Zn-p-p. "CjvS-ap-hv kzoI-cn-mw. thm--hv Xmw' FmWv AXns
\ne-]m-Sv. Cu \ne-]mSpw Ckvem-an-tXv Xs. {]hm-N-Iam A\ph-Zn hnizmk kzmX{yw A\p-]-a-am-Wv. AXn\nv hyXn-N-enm Pam-Av CjvS-s-Sp-n-. Im-cWw Cu hyXn-bm\w Ckveman \np hyXn-bm-\-am-bn-tm-Ipw.
HcpXcw Am-Z-anI kz`mhw Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS LS-\bn Xs-bp-v. hmbn-p-I, hmbn-n-pI FXv Pam-A-ns
khn-tijX Xs-bm-Wv. {]kn-o-I-c-W-cw-Kv Pam-Av anIhv
sXfn-bn-Xv bmZr-n-I-a-. _un-I-amb AXns ]cn-thjw PmSbp-a-. Nnn-p-Ibpw Nnn-n-p-Ibpw sNp Hcp A\p-bm-bnhrw Pam-A-n-\p-m-bXv XnIpw kzm`m-hnIw. BZy-Ime IayqWnp {]m-\--sf-tmepw AXn-i-bn-npp Pam-A-ns
]pkvX-I-_-w.
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS {]Ya \mb-I-\m-bn-cp knZv auZqZn
Dze Nn-I\pw Fgp-p-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp-p. At-l-ns temI\n-co--W- Cy--Iv am{X-a ]pdw-tem-Ipw {in-s-p. B[p-\nI ]m--e-n-ep At-l-ns Ckvem-anI
]T-\- N-Ipw hne-bn-cp--ep-Ipw hnt[-b-ambn. B[p\nI akv X njv I w AXn BIr- j v S - a m- b n. ]mmXy \mSp- I fnt]mepw A-Xns hiyX A\p-`-h-s-p. {]apJ Nn-I-cpsS kXnbpw AXv t\-Sn. Cpw AXns inbpw hiy-Xbpw A-bambn \nevp-p.
{]uV-amb [mcmfw ]T-\-fpw \nco--W-fpw PamAs
Ckveman temI-n\p kan-n-p-v. Pohn-X-ns Fm hi-sf--nbpw AXn ]cm-ai--fp-v. `mj-I-fp-sSbpw hK--fpsSbpw ]cn-an-Xn-I t`Znv Pam-Av P\--fpsS Nn-bn-tev
sNp. kzoIm-chpw Xnc-kvIm-chpw Htc am\-kn-Im-h--bn kzoIcn-m Pam-A-n\v Ign-p. cpw apt AXv hI-shp sImSpnptm.
kmln-Xy-fpw B\p-Im-en-I-fpw Fm `mj-I-fnepw {]tZ-i-fnepw Cu cwKv29 Pam-Av ssIh-cn t\w AXns
_unI taa hnfn-tm-Xp-p. Pam-A-ns an B\p-Im-en-I-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

43

fpw Ac-\q-mv ]nn-p. Ime-ns kv]-\--fp-ambn ]pd-nd-p Cu {]kn-o-I-c-W- hnNm-c-hn--h-cw-Kv \evInb kw`mh-\-I kvac-Wo-b-am-Wv. Fpw P\--fpsS Xmev]-cy--tfm-sSmw
\ne-bp-d-n Cu Pnlz-I Xna-bpsS in-Isf Xpd-p-Im-p-Xn henb ]p hln-p-p. km{am-Py A[n-\n-th-i-sbpw
^mjnv hKo-b-X-sbbpw FXnp--Xn Fpw Ah ap]-nbn-ep-v. \psS Ime-ns Zmi-\nI ka-ky-Ifpw Akzm-yfpw Xpd a\-tmsS hnen-bp-cp-p-Ibpw Fm hn`mKw Bfp-Ifp-sSbpw A`n-{]m-b- shfn-v sImp-h-cn-Ibpw sNp Cu
{]kn-o-I-c-W- Fgp-p-Imv A\p-h-Zn-p kzmX{yw
{]iw-k-\o-b-am-Wv. \p-sS {]apJ Fgp-p-Im-scmw Cu kzmX{yw
A\p-`-hn-n-p-v. Fgp-p-Im-cpsS ho-W- ]{Xm-[n-]-cpsS
In-n-c-bm-ImsX hmb-\-m-cs apn-se-pp FXv \nmc
kwK-Xn-b-.
Pam-As Ckvem-an-tbmSv B`n-ap-Jy-ap--h {]kn-o-I-cn-p
"am[yaw' Zn\-]{Xw [ochpw kzX-{-hp-amb A`n-{]m-b-{]-I-S-\-
sImv CXn-Iw {in--s-n-p-v. ]{X-[a-ns DZm amXrI-bmbn AXv \ne-sIm-f-fp-p. Xv CjvS-ap hm-I
am{Xw {]kn-o-I-cn-p-Ibpw Am-h Xa-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw tIc-fnse ]{X- ]Xn-hmnbn-cp Ime-mWv tImgn-tmSv shnam-SvIp-n\nv am[yaw {]kn-o-I-c-W-am-cw-`n--Xv. "shn-am-Sp-Ipnse shn-\-{Xw' FmWv sshw apl-Zv _jo Av
AXns\ hnti-jn-n--Xv. _jo-dns A`n-{]mbw sXn-bn-. ]{Xtem-Is hnkva-b-ambn am[yaw Pzenp \np-p, IqSp-X tim`tbm-sS.
Pam-As Ckveman Ftmgpw a\p-jy-_p-n-tbmSv kwh-Zn-psIm-n-cn-p-p. mkp-I, aonw-Kp-I, kt-f-\-, skan-\mdp-I, kntm-kn-b- Bi-b-hn-\n-a-b-n-\p Fm Ah-kc-fpw AXv D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-p-p. GI apJ-ap--X Cu ]cn-]mSn-I-fn A[n-I-hpw. t{imXm-hn-\v, i{Xp-hn\v t]mepw Xs hoWw
Ah-X-cn-n-m-\p Xpd Ah-kcw IqSn Ch-bn \evI-s-Sp-p.
kzw XmXzn-I-am-scbpw A\p-bm-bn-I-sfbpw am{Xw ]s-Sp-nv
kntm-kn-b- \S-n-cp Imev FXn-cm-fn-Iv Xpey Ahk-c- \evIn Pam-Av kwL-Sn-n kntm-kn-b- Hcp
Imev tIc-f-n\v ]pXp-a-bm-bn-cp-p. FXn ho-W-msc
kt-f-\-n-tev Wn-p-Ibpw Ahv ]d-bm-\p-Xv {im]qhw tIp-Ibpw sNp coXnpw XpSw Ipdn-Xv PamAv Xs. Ub-tem-Kn-t-Xmb Hcp ]pXnb kwkvIrXn Xs
CbnsS AXv hnI-kn-n-s-Sp-p. hmZ-fpw {]Xn-hm-Z--fp-ambn

44

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

iWvT IqSp ]gb ssienp ]Icw Ub-temKv, Cy t]mep

Hcp cmPy-n\v IqSp-X DNn-X-am-Ipw. tbmPn-m\pw hntbm-Pn-m\p-ap kzmX-{y-tmsS Bcw-`n-p Ub-tem-Kp-I AtX
kzmX-{y-tmsS Ah-km-\n-p-Ibpw sNp-p. hnP-b-]-cm-P-b-f-, Adn-bm\pw Adn-bn-m-\p-ap kzmX-{y-amWv ChnsS {][m\w. Pam-Av ]co-nv hnP-bn Cu taJ-e-bn-tev Ctm ap-hcpw IS-p-h-cp-Xv ktm-j-I-c-am-Wv.
cp- hn-`m-K-ns Imcyn Pam-As Ckveman {]tXyIw
{in-p-p h\n-X-Ifpw bphm--fpw. BZys hn`mKw ASn-a-s--h-cmWv; cm-a-tXv ]nSn-hnv t]mb-h-cpw. t]v b{hpw
ASp-f tPmen-m-cn-bp-am-Im-\mWv \psS h\n-X-bpsS hn[n. ASp-f-bn am{X-a Am-Sn-bnepw Ah ]oUn-n--s-Sp-p.- A-hfpsS ico-chpw Bmhpw NqjWw sN-s-Sp-p. hnZym-`ym-k-n\pw
DtZym-K-n-\p-sampw CXn\v Adp-Xn-h-cp-m-\m-bn-. Abpw s]fp-sa ]hn{X m\-w t]mepw Ahv \jvS-s-p. cv Xcw
kao-]-\w h\n-X-I-tfmSv \psS kaqlw ]pen-tm-cp-p. Hv
bmYm-n-Xn-Iw. atXv AXn-cp-hn hn-hm--Iw. Hmw hn`mKw
kv{Xov a\p-jy-]-Zhn \ntj-[n-p-p. cmw hn`mKw Ah-fn
]pcpj ]Zhn ASn-t-ev]n-p-p. Hv ASn-a--ns `mc-am-sWn cm-a-tXv "hntam-N\'ns `mcw! cp Iqcpw sIn-sh
`mc-ns ^e-ambn kv{Xo-bpsS apXp-sIm-Sn-p. AkvXn-Xzhpw
hyn-Xzhpw Ahv \jvS-s-p.
h\nXm hntam-N-\-s-n kz-amb ImgvN-m-Spv Pam-A-sC-kvem-an-v. bmYmYy--fn-e-[n-jvTn-X-amWv Cu ImgvN-m-Sv. kv{Xo
kv{Xobm-Wv. Ahv ]pcp-j-\m-Im Ign-bn-. ]pcp-j\v kv{XobmIm Ign- b m- - X p- t ]m- s e. kv { Xobpw ]pcp- j \pw hyXykv X
bmYmYy--fm-Wv. Hv at-Xn-t\-m tIa-a-. Fm tIa-cw
]pcp-j\v Btcm-]n-p-t]m-cp-p-v. CXv Ah-km-\n-n-p-I-bmWv
BZyw th-Xv. IpSpw-_-nepw kaq-l-nepw kv{XobpsS ]v
sNdp- X mbn ImWpI F sXv \apv ]n- b n- p- v . Ah- f psS
bYmY Ah-Im-i- \ntj-[n-m\pw Cm `mcw Ah-fn sInsh-m-\p-ap [mjvSyw \psS kaqlw ImWn-n-p-v. CXv Xncpp-hm Pam-As Ckveman {ian-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p. h\n-X-Iv
Db hnZym-`ym-khpw kaq-l-n- Al-amb m\hpw t\Snsm-Sp-p-I-sb eyw shv Ah-cpsS Iqm-bvapw Pam-Av
cq]w \evIn. Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS h\nXm hn`m-Khpw tKkv
CkvemanIv HmK-ss\-tk-j\pw h\n-X-I-fpsS hnj-b-n {]tXyI
Xmev]-cy-sa-Spv {]hn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p.
\psS bphm--fpsS Imcyw alm-I-jvS-am-Wv. Cy ico-chpw

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

45

]mmXy a\-p-ambn kzXz-t_m[w \jvS-sv hoSn\pw \mSn\pw

`mc-ambn Ae-bp-Ibpw Dg-ep-I-bp-amWv \psS bph-Xzw. kmwkvImcn-I- X-\n-abpw hn-h-t_m-[hpw Ahv \jvS-s-p. bphm--fpsS
Ia-ti-jn-bpw -kKtijnbpw kaq-l-n\v {]tbm-P-\-s-Sp-n-.
buh\w \mSn\v \jvS-sSp Cu kml-N-cy-n-emWv pUkv
Ckvem-anIv HmK-ss\-tk-j F hnZymYn--bp-h-P\ kwL-S-\v
Pam-Av cq]w \evIn-b-Xv. sNdp-sX-nepw [man-I-aq-ey-fpw Znimt_m-[hp-ap Hcp kwLw sNdp--msc kaq-l-n\v kan-m
Pam-A-n\v km[n-n-p-v.
Cy bphXzw ]Sn-m-d {]f-b-n BSn De-bp-tm
am-\-h-kw-kvIr-Xn-bpsS s\Spw-Xq-Wp-I-fn ]nSn-p-\n-evp-I-bmWv Cu
sImp kwLw. ]Sn-m-tdm-p Hgpv Akv-X-a-\-n-te-msWpw AkvX-a-\-n-\p-tijw Ccp-m-sWpw Ccp-n s]sfbpw ]Xv\n-sbbpw Xncn--dn-bn-spw Xncn--dnhv \jvS-s-Sp-tm
a\p-jy arK-ambnocp-sa-pw- tijw \psS \mSpw \K-chpw ISphbpw knwlhpw hnf-bm-Sp tLmc-h-\--fmbn amdp-sapw Cu
bphm- ap-dn-bnv \evIp-p.
tkh-\-cw-Kv ambm ap{Z-I ]Xn-n-n-pv Pam-As
Ckvem-an. P\-tk-h-\-n ssZhm-cm-[-\-bp-sv Xncn--dn
{]m-\-am-W-Xv. Cu tkh-\-n\v AXnh-c-p-I-fn-. P\--fmWv
AXns eyw; Fm hn`mKw P\-fpw. aXhpw PmXnbpw tZihpw
GXm-bmepw P\--fpsS Pohn-Xm-h-iy- Hm-Wv. hni-n\pw Zmln\pw PmXn-bn-. Fm-hpw `-Ww, ]mn-Sw, hnZym-`ym-kw,
Btcm-Kyw CXv Ckvem-ans ey-am-Wv. Ckvem-anI hyh-n-Xnbn AXn\v kwhn-[m-\-ap-v. Ckvem-anI hyh-n-Xn-bpsS A`m-hnepw Pam- A v AXns ]cn- a n- X n- I p- n\nv Cu
Ihyw \nh-ln-p-p. Fm-hcpw ssZh-ns krjvSn--fmsW t_m[-hpw AXv P\n-n-p Imcp-Wy-hp-amWv Pam-Av
sNp P\-tk-h-\-{]-h-\--fpsS {]tNm-Z-\w.
Iem-]-_m-[n-X-scbpw {]Ir-Xn-tm-`-n\v Cc-bm-b-h-scbpw ]p\c-[n-h-kn-n-p--Xn Pam-Av kvXpXyl-amb ]v hln-p.
Bkm-anse s\n, alm-cm-jv{S-bnse `oh-n, _olm-dnse `K]q
hKobX cXm-WvU-h-am-Snb {]tZ-i-. a\p-jy-kvt\-l-nsbpw Poh-Im-cp-Wy-n-sbpw A\p-]a amXr-I-bmWv Pam-Av
ChnsS ImgvN-sh--Xv. emq-cnse `qI _m[nX {]tZ-i-fpw
B{-bn-sebpw Hdo-k-bn-sebpw {]f-b-_m-[nX {]tZ-i-fpw PamAs Ckvem-an-bpsS Ic-kv]i-ns kmz-\-a-\p-`-hn-p. tImgntm-sbpw Xncp-h-\--]p-c-sbpw tNcn \nhm-kn-Ifpw Pam-Ans tkh\w ad-m-\n-S-bn-.

46

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

km- d ns JP- \ mhv Xpd- p- Xv Imp- \ nmsX

Xm-hp-Xv Fm taJ-e-bnepw sNpI F \b-amWv tkh\-cw-Kv Pam-Av kzoI-cn-n-cn-p--Xv. ]eni clnX hmbv]
cwKv Pam-Av sNp tkh-\- CXn\v Hcp sXfn-hm-Wv.
hyn-I-fp-sSbpw cmjv{S--fp-sSbpw \s-sm-Sn alm-hn-]-mWv
]en-i. A[zm-\n-msX A\y-cp-sS-]Ww t]m-n-em-m-\p [\nIs km- n- I - k q- { X- a mWv ]en- i - b n- e p- - X v . Nqj- W - ns
Ghpw {]mIr-Xhpw {Iqc-hp-amb cq]-am-Wn-Xv. B[p-\nI kZv hyh-bpsS s\Spw XqWmbn ]en-i- h-fp Ign-n-cn-p-p. Ckvemw
]en- i sb \nbaw aqew \ntcm- [ n- n- p- v . Hcp aXhpw AXns\
t{]mm-ln-n-n-n-. Zmi-\n-Iamcpw hn-h-Im-cn-Ifpw AXns\
FXnn-t-bp-q. Fnpw ]eni \psS \nb-a-]p-kvX-I-n
m\w ]nSn-p. A[zm-\n-p P\-hn-`m-K-ns hnbpw chpw
Dun-p-Sn-p Cu cm-k-s\-Xnsc XpSw apXte Pam-Av
kac cwK-p-v. tIh-e-t_m-[-h-cWw sImv aXn-bm-msX
]en-i-c-lnX hmbv]--\n-t-]- cw-Kv sImp-am-Xr-I-I krjvSnm AXv {ian-p-p. km[m-c-W-m-cs Am-Wn-bmbn CybpsS hnhn[ `mK--fn Ccw m]-\- {]hn-p-p.
P\--fpsS Bh-iy-n\v CXv aXn-bm-hn-s-nepw ]en-i-bpsS
sImSpw Nqj-W-n-s\-Xn-sc-bp {Inbm-I {]Xn-I-c-W-ns
{]Xo-I-am-hpI F ZuXy-sa-nepw Ch \nh-ln-p-p. ]eni
ap-amb hmbv]m--\n-t] k{-Zmbw Bcw-`n-p--Xn\v kmcn-t\mSv Pam-Av ]e XhW A`yYn-s-nepw ^e-ap-m-bn-.
]en-i-c-lnX _mv kz-ambn Bcw-`n-m t]mepw km A\paXn \evIn-bn-. hntZi cmjv{S--fn hnP-b-I-c-ambn {]hn-psIm-n-cn-p ]eni clnX _mnwMv k{-Zmbw Cy-bnepw
hnP-bn-p-sav Pam-A-n\v ip`-{]-Xo--bp-v.
kmaq-lnI {]h-\-cw-Kv Pam-As Ckvem-anv Dz-eamb ]mc--cy-ap-v. el-cn-]-ZmY--fpsS D]m-Z-\hpw D]-t`m-Khpw
Ah-km-\n-n-p--Xn-\p t_m[-h-cW {]h-\- Fpw
AXns AP--bn-ep-m-bn-cp-p. aZyhP-\hpw \ntcm-[-\-hp-ambn
_-sv kz-ambpw kam-\-a-\-kvI-cp-ambn kl-I-cnpw [mcmfw
]cn-]m-Sn-I Pam-Av kwL-Sn-n-p-I-bp-m-bn.
]mmXy kwkv I m- c - ns A[n- \ n- t h- i - n- s \- X nsc PamAs Ckveman Fpw Pm{KX ]pen-bn-p-v. am\h kwkvIrXnv \nc-m Fm ]cn-]m-Sn-I-sfbpw AXv tNmZyw sNbvXp. aqey Ipg adn-bp--Xn-s\-p-dnpw a\p-jyXzw \jvS-am-Ip--Xn-s\-pdnpw AXv \nc-cw ap-dn-bnv \evIn. aqey-tim-j-W-s-n PamA-n-s\-tmse Kuch]qhw Nnn asmcp kwL-S\ Cy-bn-

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

47

en-. am\-ho-I-c-W-n-sbpw aqey-h-Xv-c-W-n-sbpw hgn-I

Is-m AXv {ian-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p.
cmjv{So-b-cw-Ks aqey-h-Xv-c-W-n\v Pam-Av {]tXyI
Du \evIn. aqeym-[n-jvTnX cmjv{Sobw F k-ev]-n\v AXv
{]Nmcw \ev I n. Cu k- e v ] s bmYmYy- a m- m- \ p- X - I p
cmjv{Sob \b-\n-e-]m-Sp-Ifpw Pam-Av cq]sSpn. PmXn, aX,
]mn ]cn-K-W-\-I-fn-msX aqey-t_m-[-ap m\mYn-Isf sXcs-Sp-m P\-sf AXv Blzm\w sNbvXp. hKo-b-Xsb sNdpp--Xn\pw ^e-{]-Z-am-b t_m[\ -]--Xn-I Pam-Av Bkq{XWw sNbvXp.
hKo-b-X-tbmSv Pam-A-n\v BZi-]-c-ambn Xs FXnpv. Ckvemw hKo-b-Xsb AwKo-I-cn-p-n-. a\p-jysc Hmbn
ImWp-p AXv. a\p-jyn-S-bn Cp ImWp hn`-P-\--sfbpw
AXns ASn-m-\--sfbpw AXp-aqew hp tNcp D-\o-N--sfbpw Ckvemw AwKo-I-cn-p-n-. Pam-As Ckveman Xznepw {]tbm-K-nepw Ckvem-ans Cu \ne-]mSv A-cw-{]Xn
A\p-[m-h\w sNp-p. cmPyw hKo-bm-n-bn Fcn--tm
t]mepw Cu \ne-]m-Sn \nv AXv ]X-dn-bn-. hKo-b-Xsb aXhpw
apJhpw t\mmsX AXv FXnp-sIm-n-cn-p-p Ctm-gpw.
hn[n ssh]-co-Xy-sav ]d-b-s, hKob kwL-S\ F Btcm]Ww Pam-A-n\p t\scbpw Dm-bn-p-v. CtX ImcWw ]dv
cv XhW 1975- ASn-b-n-cm-h--m-epw 1992- _m_cn
akv P nZv XI- s - - t mgpw kwL- S \ \ntcm[ns- S p- I bpw
sNbvXn-p-v. Fm P\--fpsS tImS-Xn-bn-tem, \oXn-\ymb tImSXn-I-fntem Cu Btcm-]Ww hne-tm-bn-. P\-hn-[n-bn-eq-sSbpw tImSXn-hn-[n-bn-eq-sSbpw \ntcm-[s AXn-Po-hnv Pam-Av An ipn
hcp-n.
aX-k-ln-jvWp-X-bpsS Ghpw \ amXr-I-bm-Im-\mWv Pam-Av
Fpw {ian-n-p--Xv. CXc aX-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-ambn AXv D-_w
]pep-p. aX-ku-lmZ-n\v lm\n-I-c-amb Hcp \ohpw CXphsc AXns `mKv \np-m-bn-n-. Fnpw Pam-A-ns
]pdv hKob ap{Z Ipp--sX-n-\m-sWv a\-n-em-Ip-n-.
"\n ssZh-hn-izm-kn-I-fmWv, AXp-sImv hKo-b-hm-Zn-I-fm-ImXn-cn-m Xc-an-' FmWv Hcp {]apJ amIvknv t\Xmhv CtXp-dnv ]d--Xv. Cu Xam-i-tbm-sSmw Iqn-hm-bn-t--XmWv Cncm-Km-n-bp-sSbpw \c-knw-l-dm-hp-hn-sbpw Pam-Av \ntcm-[-hpw.
B.-F-kv.-F-kns\ \ntcm-[n-p-Xv aqe-ap-m-Ip Ak-p-en-Xmh ]cn-l-cn-m-\m-Ws{X Ah Pam-As Ckvem-ansb \ntcm[n-Xv! Cu Xam-ipw tXmym-k-n-\p-sampw Pam-A-n hKo-

48

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

bX Ipn-sh-m-\m-bn-. AhKo-b-X-bpsS Aac-mWv Cpw

AXns m\w. P\- CXv Xncn--dn-n-p-v. AXv aXn PamAs Ckvem-anv A`n-am-\n-m.
hKo-b-hm-Zhpw Xo{h-hm-Zhpw Hcp {]iv\-n\pw ]cn-lm-c-a
Fv Pam-As Ckvem-anv \- t_m-[y-ap-v. `oI-c-{]-h-\ G-hpw henb ]m]-am-Wv. \nc-]-cm-[sc _en-sIm-Sp-p
Ccw {]h-\- bp-th-f-bn t]mepw Ckvemw AwKo-Icn-n-n-. Ch-sbmw amc-I-tcm-K--fm-Wv, acp- Hcn--epw. {Iqcamb A\o-Xnv hnt[-b-am-Ip--h-tcmSv t]mepw Cu amK- Ahew-_n--cp-sX-mWv Pam-As Ckveman D]-tZ-in-n-p--Xv.
P\--fpsS `oI-c-X-t]mse Xs-bmWv `c-W-Iq-S-`o-I-c-X-bpw.
\ncm-bp-[-cmb P\--fpsS \oXn-p-th-n-bp apd-hn-fnsb Bbp[w
sIm-v ASn--ap-Xv icn-b-. temI-ns hnhn[ `mK--fn
CXv \S-p-p-v. Poh ]hn-{X-am-Wv, \nc-]-cm-[n-I-fp-tSXv hntijn-pw. imnbpw \oXnbpw ]pe-cp Hcp temI-amWv \psS Bhiyw. A-Xn\p thn bXv\n-m Pam-As Ckveman {]Xn-m_--amWv.
]pXnb \qm-ns hnti-j- hne-bn-cp-p-tm Bim-hl-a a\p-jys `mhn. a\p-jy-Xz-n-sbpw aqey--fp-sSbpw sImSpw
Zmcn-{Zy-amWv temIw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-m t]mIp--Xv. hb-dns hniv
\ AXn-Po-hn-n-p-v. Bm-hns hniv Fs\ AXn-Pohnpw? H-aq-enI BcpsS ]-ep-an-. Nnnpw At\z-jnpw Ist-n-bn-cn-pp ]cn-lmcw. B-lXym ap\-n \nv Pohn-Xn-tep aS-m thsd hgn-bn-. {]Imiw ]c-p s]Ipnsb tXSn Xpd a\-p-ambn kZm DWn-cn-t ka-b-am-Wntm.

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

49

A\p-_w 1
1941 BKkvXv 26-\v emtlm-dn Pam-As Ckveman cq]-hXv - c W tbmK- n knZv A_p- A - A v e m auZqZn sNbv X
A[y {]kw-K-nse {]k `mK-:
apkvenw-In-S-bn \ne-hn-ep kwL-S-\-Ifpw \mw cq]-h-Xvcn-m t]mIp kwL-S-\bpw Xn Nne auenI hyXym-k-fp-v.
Hv: Ckvem-ans GsX-nepw imJtbm apkvenw-I-fpsS GsXnepw `uXnI Xmev]-cy-tfm BWv CXc kwL-S-\-I Dbnn-Sn-p--Xv. \ Ckvem-an-s\, kqW Ckvem-ans\ am{X-amWv
Dbn-n-Sn-p--Xv.
cv: Ah-bpsS ]mn LS\ CXc kwL-S-\-I-fp-tSXv Xs-bmWv. Fm \ {]hm-N-I m]n kwL-ns LS-\-bmWv
sXc-s-Sp-p-I.
aqv : apkv e nw kaq- l - n P\n- - h - s cms "apkv e nw- I '
BsW ASn- m- \ - n- F - m- h - s cbpw Cu kwL- S - \ - I - f n
Ds-Sp-p--Xn-\m hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-c-m--hcpw henb D-c-hmZn-- hln-m tbmKy-c-m--hcpw Xmsg Xv apX t\XrcwKw hsc, Cu kwL-S-\-I-fn \nd-n-cn-pw. Fm \
kXy-hm-Iy-ns bYmY hnh-bpw Xm]-cy-fpw icn-bmwhw a\-n-emn a\--dnv hnizmkw sIm-hsc am{X-amWv
kwL-S-\-bn tNp-I.
\mev: ap kwL-S-\-I-fpsS hoWw Cy-bn, Cy-bn
Xs apkvenw kap-Zm-b-n ]cn-an-X-am-Wv. IqSp-X hnim-e-amb
ho-W-ap--hv t]mepw temI-nse apkvenw-I-fn ]cn-an-Xamb ho-W-ta-bp-q. apkvenw-k-ap-Zm-b-n Ds-Sp Bfp-Ifn HXp-p--XmWv Ah-bpsS {]h-\w. apkvenw-I-fp-ambn
_-s {]iv\--fnte Ahbvv Xmev]-cy-ap-q. apkvenw-I-f-m-h-cp-ambn _-s Hpw-A-h-bpsS {]h-\--fn C.

50

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

Fm Ckvemw Xs-bmWv \psS {]m-\w. Ckvem-am-Is

temI-nse apgp-h a\p-jy-cp-tS-Xp-am-Wv. AXn-\m \psS ZrjvSn
GsX- nepw {]tXyI cmPy- nse {]tXyI kap- Z m- b - ns
Xmevm-enI {]iv\--fn DSn \np--X-. {]Xyp-X, a\p-jycm-in-tbm-fw, `qtKm-f-tmfw hnim-e-amWXv. Fm a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw
Pohn-X-{]-iv\- \psS IqSn Pohn-X-{]-iv\--fm-Wv. ssZh-ns
{Khpw {]hm-N-Is Ncybpw aptJ-\-bmWv B {]iv\-v \mw
]cn-lmcw kan-p-I. AXn-\m \psS kwL-S-\-bn Pa\m
apkvenw-I-fm-b-h-cn \nv \ hyn-I hp tNcp--Xvt]mse
Pa\m apkvenw-I-f-m--h-cn \np `mKy-im-en-Ifpw hp-tNcp--Xm-bn-cn-pw.
Cu khn-ti-j-X-I aqe-amWv \psS kwL-S-\sb \mw CkvemanI {]m\w Fp hnfn- p- - X v . Pam- A s Ckv e m- a nv
temIv sNm-\p {]hn-sb-p-dnv kp-Nn-X-amb Hcp kev]hpw a\-n cq]-s-Sp--cp-Xv. hmkvX-h-n CXn\v Hcp
{]h-\-a-WvUew am{X-a D-Xv. Pohn-X-am-k-I-ew, AXns
Fm hni-Zo-I-c-W--tfm-Sp-IqSn Cukw-L-S-\-bpsS {]h-\-ta-Je-bm-Wv. Ckvemw Fm a\p-jypw thn-bp--Xm-Wv. a\p-jy-\pambn _-ap Fmw Ckvem-ap-ambn _-s--Xm-Wv.

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

51

A\p-_w 2
{]apJ Ata-cn- ]WvUn-X tPm F. Fkvt]m-kn-tmbpsS \nco-Ww
Ccp-]Xmw \qm-n XpS--an B[p-\nI ]cn-jvI-cW kwcw-`v kam- - c - a mbn cq]w sIm cv ]pXnb \thm- m\
{]m- \ - - f mWv CuPn- ] v X nse lk- \ p_- - b psS apkv e nw
{_Zlppw Cym D]-`q-J-WvU-nse auem\m auZq-Zn-bpsS PamAs Ckvem-an-bpw.
Ccp-]Xmw \qm-nse Ckvem-anI kaqlw \nWm-b-I-amb Hcp
hgn-n-cn-hn-sen \np-I-bm-sW bmYmYyw Ccp {]m-\fpw Xncn- - d n- p. atX- X - c - h m- Z n- I fpw tamtU- W n- p- I - f p- a mb
apkvenw ]cn-jvIm--sf-tmse Ahcpw Ckvem-anI kaq-lns B-cnI Zu_-ey-fpw AXv ]mmXy km{am-Py-Xzns `mKv \nv t\cn-Sp `oj-Wn-bpw, kmaq-lnI ]ptcm-K-Xnbn imkv{Xw--km-t-XnI hnZy-bpsS {]m[m-\yhpw Xncn--dn--hcm-bn-cp-p. Fm Ah atX-X-c--tam-tU-Wnv ]cn-jvIm-fn\nv hyXy-kvX-am-bn, ]Sn-m-d Nnm-[m-c-Isf hnain-p-Xnepw Ckvem-ans kzbw ]cym]vX t_m[y-s-Sp-p--Xnepw
Gsd aptm-p-t]m-bn.
atX-X-c-hm-Zn-I ]Sn-m-dns cmjv{So-b-\m-b-IXzw AwKo-I-cnp-hm hnk--Xn-s-nepw X-fpsS h-am-\hpw `mhnbpw
\nW- b n- p- h m ]Sn- m- t dmv Xs t\mn \np. Ah
]mmXy hkv{X-[m-cW coXn, BNm-cw, kwKo-Xw, Ie XpS-n-bh
kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw bqtdm-ns cmjv{Sob km-nI hnZym-`ymk
\nba m]-\-sf Ah-ew-_n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fm CkvemanI ]cn-jvIm- ]Sn-m-dp-\nv hXpw kzoI-cn-p--Xn\v
Ckvem-an-I-amb am\-ZWvUw \n-bn-m {ian-p. Npcp--n
{_Zlp-n-sbpw Pam-As Ckvem-an-bp-sSbpw ImgvN-m-Sp-Iv

52

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

hy-Xbpw emfn-Xyhpw Dm-bn-cp-p. Iayq-Wn-khpw apX-em-fnhpw ssZhn-I-a-X-amb Ckvem-an\v A\y-amb a\p-jy-\nanX knm-s
- f-bmWv {]Xn-\n-[o-Ic
- n-p-s
- Xpw ssZh-ln-Xa
- \
- p-kc
- nv Pohnm-\m-{K-ln-p apkvenw-I, ]mmXy Dev]---fmb skIype-dn-khpw `uXn-I-hm-Zhpw Dt]-nv ]qW-ambn Ckvem-an-tev
aS-ntb Xocq Fpw Cu \thm-m-\-{]-m-\- hy-am-n.
Chsb kw_-n-n-S-tmfw Ckvemw hyn-]-c-hpw kmaq-ln-I-hpamb Pohn-X-ns ka-{K-amb Hcp Zi-\-am-bn-cp-p.
Fm-n\pw ]Sn-m-tdmv am{Xw t\mp-Ibpw ]mm-Xy-X-z-fpsS hn\n-tbm-K-n Ckvem-an-I-amb km[q-I-cWw Is-pIbpw sNbvX tamtU-Wn-p-I-en\nv hyXy-kvX-am-bn, CkvemanI ]cn- j v I m- Ckv e m- a ns ]qW- X bpw ka- { K- X bpw
Dbn-n-Sn-p. apkvenw-Im-h-iy-apsXmw Ckvem-anI ss]XrI- n ImWm- h p- tXm AXn\nv \njv ] - Z n- m- h p- tXm
BsWv Ah kan-p. imkv{X kmt-XnI hnZy-Isf kzmKXw
sNbvX-tXm-sSmw Xs kh Imcy-pw ]Sn-m-dns\ B{ibn-p `c-W-Iq-S--sfbpw _pn-Po-hn-I-sfbpw Ah hnain-p.
apkvenw-k-aq-l-ns \ho-I-c-Whpw kmaq-ly-]-cn-h-\hpw B[p\nI h-c-Whpw Ckvem-anI aqey--fnepw Xz--fnepw Ddv

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

53

\np-sImv Xs thW-sav Ah hmZn-p.

A\p-_w 3
1947 G{]n 25, 26 Xn-Xn-I-fn ]mv\-bn tN Pam-As
Ckveman ]qh taJem kt-f-\-n alm-m-Km-nbpw Hcp
t{imXm-hm-bn-cp-p. ]nt Znhkw KmnPn ]{X-p \evInb
{]kvXm-h-\-bmWv NphsS:
""Rm Cse Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS kt-f-\-n
kw_-n-p. AXv km[p--fpsS kt-f-\-am-bn-cp-p. `n-sb-Spp km[p--fp-tS-X; \a {]N-cn-n-p-Ibpw a\p-jysc tkhnp-Ibpw D-\o-NXzw XpS-p-\o-p-Ibpw, \n ssZh-Zm-kam-cmsW-n ssZh-ns Iev]-\-I A\p-k-cnq Fv P\--tfmSv
]d-bp-Ibpw sNp km[p--fpsS kt-f-\w. Ah-cpsS kt-f-\n ]s-Sp--Xn F\nv tJZ-an; ktm-j-ta-bp-q. Ah
C\nbpw Fs Wn-m Im\-S-bm-sb-nepw Ah-cpsS ktf-\-n Rm kw_-n-pw.''
"kvssev', ]mv\, 27 G{]n, 1946

54

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

Ipdn-p-I
1. `ph-\-hm-\--fpsS {]Im-i-am-Ipp Am-lp. Ahs {]Im-i-ns D]a
Cs\: Hcp hnf-p-am-Sw. AXn Hcp hnf-v. hnfv Hcp kv^Sn-I-n-\I-v. kv^SnIw shn-n-f
- p \{Xw t]mse-bpw. ]mm-Xytam ]uckvXytam Am-, A\p-Kr-loX Henhv ac-ns F-sImv AXv In-s-Sp-p. Xo sXmn-s-nt]mepw AXns F {]Im-in-X-am-Ip-p.
{]Im-i-tmSp {]Imiw! Amlp Xm\n-n-p--hsc Xs {]Im-i-ntev \bn-p-p. Amlp P\-p-thn DZm-lc
- n-p-p. kIe kwKXn-Ifpw Adn-bp--h-\m-W-m-lp. (Jp-B 24: 35)
2. Xo, Cu Jp-B IrXy-amb icn-bn-tev amK-Zi\w sNp-p.
kpIrXw sNp kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iv al-mb {]Xn-^-e-ap-sv ip`hm \evIp-Ibpw sNp-p. (Jp-B 17: 9)
Xs Zmk\v hy-amb ZrjvSm-- Ah-X-cn-n-p-sIm-Sp--h-\m-Wh; AXp-hgn Atlw \nsf Ccp-n\nv shfn-
- n-tev \bn-m.
Xo-bmbpw \n-tfmSv Ir]bpw Icp-W-bp-ap--h-\m-W-m-lp. (Jp-B
57: 9)
3. Xm krjvSn Fmw \mbn krjvSn--h-\m-W-h. a\pjy krjvSn Ifna-n\nv Bcw-`np Ah. ]ns Ahs hwim-h-ensb tO-amb
Hcp {Zmh-I-n\n-m-n. ]noSv Ahs\ kp-en-X-am-p-Ibpw AXn
Xs Bmhv DuXp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah \nv ImXpw Ipw
a\pw \evIn. \n ImWn-p \n Xpw. (Jp-B 32: 79)
4. hmbn-p-I, {kjvSmhmb \ns \mYs \ma-n Hn-n-Sn-p hkvXphn\nv a\p-jys\ krjvSnp Ah. hmbn-p-I, \ns \mY AXypZm-c. Xqen-I-bpsS D]-tbmKw ]Tn-np Ah. a\p-jy\v Adn-hn-m-Xv
]Tn-np Ah. (Jp-B 96: 15)
5. X-fpsS ]-ep Xudm-nepw Co-enepw tcJ-sp ImWp \nc-c-\mb {]hm-N-I-Zq-Xs\ ]np-S-cp--h Atlw Ahv \a hn[npp; Xna hne-pp; ip hkvXp- A\p-h-Zn-p-sIm-Sp-p-p,
Aip hkvXp- \ntcm-[n-p-Ibpw sNp-p. Ahsc sRcn-p-sImn-cn-p `mcw Cd-n-sh-p-p. Ahsc hcn-p-sI-nb N-e-I
s]mn-s-dn-bp-p. AXn-\m At-l-n hniz-kn-p-Ibpw At-ls
in-s-Sp-p-Ibpw klm-bn-p-Ibpw At-lt- m-sSmw Ah-XoW-amb
{]Im-is ]np-Sc
- p-Ibpw sNp-h
- Ah am{X-am-Ipp hnPbw {]m]np--h. (Jp-B 7: 157)
6. ]d-bp-I, Ah Amlp; GI. Bscbpw B{i-bn-t-m--h; Fmhpw B{i-bn-t--h. Ah k-Xn-tb-Xp-an-. Ah Bcp-sSbpw

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

55

km-\-hp-a-. Ahp Xpey-\mbn Bcp-an-. (Jp-B 112: 14)

hm\--fp-sSbpw `qan-bp-sSbpw {kjvSm-hv. Ah \nv \nfn\nv Xs CW-Isf krjvSn-p. Imen-I-fnepw CW-Isf krjvSn-p.
As\ \n-fpsS hwis Ah h[n-n-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p. Ahs
kmZriyw t]mse t]mepw Hp-an Ah Fmw tIp--h\pw ImWp-h\pw. (Jp-B 42: 11)
7. hm\ `ph-\--fn-ep--sXmw kzta-[-bmbpw Am-sXbpw Am-lp-hns\
A\p-k-cnp sImn-cn-p-tm, Am-lp-hn-\p A\p-k-c-W-ns
amKw shSnv ap amK- At\z-jn-p-I-bmtWm Ah, aS-t-Xv
Ah-\n-tev Xs Bbn-cns? (Jp-B 3: 83)
8. ac-Whpw Pohn-Xhpw krjvSn--h-\m-W-h; \n-fn Ghpw \ Iaw
sNp--h Bcm-sWv ]co-n--dn-bp--Xn-\p-thn; Ah i;
Fmw s]mdp-p--h-\pw. (Jp-B 67: 2)
9. {]hm-N-I, Xs \mY-\n \nv X\nv Ah-XoW-am-b-Xn hniz-knp;
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw Ah-sc-m-hcpw Am-lp-hnepw Ahs amem-Ja
- m-cnepw
thZ-{K---fnepw {]hm-N-Iam-cnepw hniz-kn-p-p. ""R {]hm-NIam-cn BtcmSpw hnth-N\w ImWn-p-n-. R tIp. R
A\p-k-cn-p. \mYm R \ntmSv ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp--h-cm-Ip-p. R \nn-tev aS-t--h-c-tm.'' (Jp-B 2: 285)
]d-bpI: R Am-lp-hn hniz-kn-pp; Rv Ah-XoWam-b-Xn-epw. C_vdm-low, Ckvam-Cu, CkvlmJv, bA-vJq_v k-Xn-I
Ch-h-X-cn-n--s--Xnepw aqkm, Cukm Fn-hpw CXc {]hm-NIampw Ah-cpsS \mY-\n\nv Ah-XoW-am-b-Xnepw R hnizkn-p-p. Ah-cn BtcmSpw R hnth-N\w Iev]n-p-n; R
Am-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-p--h-c-tm. (Jp-B 3: 84)
10. kqW Pohn-X-hy-h F Ckvem-ans khn-ti-jX Ctm Xncn-dnp XpS-n-bn-p-v. "anen- v Ckvemw' F IrXn-bn {]apJ ]mmXy Nn-I Pn.-Fv Pmk Fgp-Xn-bXv Cs\:
Islam is not a religion and Mohammed is not the founder of Islam. This may
seem a statement of extreme ISlamic hersy. Yet this is not too far from what two
fundamentalist Islamic Scholars and reformers have to say about the basic
tenets of these faith, Islam is not a religion in the common, disforted meaning of
the word continuing itself to the private life of man. It is a complete way of life,
catering for all the fields of human existence. Islam provides quidence for all
walks of life individual and moral, economic and political, legal and cultural,
national and international'. These words are echoed by every writer, Muslim or
non-Muslim, dealing with the most essential characteristic of this faith, a characteristic which it doesnot share with any of the other higher religions.
Because of this, it cannot be repeated too often that Islam is not merely a
religion'. It is a total and unified way of life, both religious and secular, it is a set
of beliefs and a way of worship, it is a vast and integrated system of law, it is a
culture and a civilization; it is an economic system and a way of doing busines,
it is a polity and a method of governance; it is a special sort of society and a way
of running a family; it prescribes for inheritance and divorce, dress and etiquette,
food and personal hygiene. It is a spiritual and human totality, This worldly and
other -worldly. (G.H. Jansen, Militant Islam, p. 17)

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{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

11. BIm-i`- q-an-If

- psS krjvSn-bnepw Zn\-cm-{X- amdn-amdn hcp-X
- nepw [njWm-im-en-IIIv ZrjvSm---fp-v. (Jp-B 3: 190)
ZrV-hn-izm-kn-Iv `qan-bn ZrjvSm-
- f
- p-v. \n-fpsS kzw icoc--fn-epw. \n ImWp-nt? (Jp-B 51: 20-21)
]d-bpI: BIm-i-tem-Ipw `qtem-I-p-ap--Xns\ kqn-p-t\m-pI. hniz-kn-mt\ hnNm-c-an-, P\-n\p ZrjvSm--sImpw XmoXv
sImpw Fv {]tbm-P\w? (Jp-B 10: 101)
12. \mw \c-I-n\p thn Xs krjvSn-n-p [mcmfw a\p-jycpw PnpI-fp-ap-v. Ahv lrZ-b--fp-v, Fm AXp-]-tbm-Knv Ah a\-nem-p-n: Ahv Ip-I-fpv; AXp sIm-h ImWp-n-. Ahv
sNhn-If
- pv; AXp-sIm-h
- tIp-n-. Ah Imen-IsftmsebmIpp. A, Ah-sb-m hgn-]n-ghcm-Ip-p. Ah A{i--cm-Ip-p. (JpB 7: 179)
13. a\p-jy-tc, \nsf \mw Htc BWn\npw s]n\npw krj-Sn-p.
\nsf tKm{X-fpw hK--fp-am-n-bXv \n ]c-kv]cw Xncn--dn-bm
thn-bm-Wv. Xo-bmbpw Am-lp-hns ASp- \n-fn Gw BZ-cWo-b G-hp-a-[nIw kqvaX ]pep-h-cm-Wv. Fm Adn-bp--h\pw
kqva--\p-am-W-m-lp. (Jp-B 49: 13)
""P\--tf, Adn-p-sIm-pI: \nbw \n-fpsS \mY GI-\m-Ipp. Ad-_nv A\-d-_n-sb-mtfm A\-d-_nv Ad-_n-sb-mtfm shfp-h\v Idp--h-s\-mtfm Idp--h\v shfn--h-s\-mtfm Hcp t{ijvTX-bp-an-, ssZh-`-n-bpsS ASn-m-\-n-e-m-sX. ssZh-n- \nfn Ghpw BZ-c-Wo-b Ghpw kqva-X-bp--h-\-t{X.'' (\-_n-h-N-\w)
"a\p-jy-scmw Nons ]p-It]mse kaam-cm-Wv.'(\-_n-h-N-\w)
14. Sincerity, in all senses, seems to me the merit of the Koran'- Thomas carlyle
15. It it is not poetry- and it is hard to say whether it be or not- it is more than peotry.
It is not history, nor biography. It is not authology, like the sermon on the mount:
nor metaphysical dialictics, like the budhist sutras; nor subline homilites like
platos conferences of the wise and foolish teachers. It is a prophet's cry, semitic
to the core; yet of a meaning so universal and so timely that all the voices of the
age take it up, willing or unwilling, and it echoes over palaces and diserts, over
cities and empires.' -Dr. Johnson
16. However often we turn to it..... It soon attracts, astounds and in the end enforces
our reverence..... Its style in accordance with its contents and aim, is stern,
grand, terrible- ever and anon truly subline- Thus this book will go on exercising
through all ages, a most potent influence' -Goethe (West-Oestlicher Divan)
17. "So wonderful a work, written in beautiful language and expressing the most
profound and majestic of religious truths, could surely not have been written by
a mere man, most certaily not by such an unlettered man as he was himself. It
was indeed a miracle, the miracleof miracles, this book that had come down from
heaven' - E. Royston pike (The Koran)

18. "P\--tf, \n-fpsS \mYs D]-tZiw hp Ign-p. a\-n-ep tcmKv ia-\m-W-Xv.- k-Xy-hnizmkn-Iv kamKhpw A\p-{K-l-hp-amWXv. {]hm-N-I-tc, ]d-bpI: Am-lp-hns HuZm-cyhpw Imcp-Wyhpw sImmWv Ah CXv Ab-p-X--Xv. AsX-n P\w ktm-jn-t--Xm-Ip-p.

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

57

Ah-cpsS kIe km-Zy-s

- f-mfpw DIr-jvSa
- m-WX
- v. (Jp-B 10:5758)
hnizm-kn-Iv Bizm-khpw Imcp-Wy-hp-amb NneXv Jp-B-\n\nv
\mw Ah-X-cn-n-p-p-v. Fm A{I-an-Iv AXv \jvS-a-msX
asmpw A[n-I-cn-n-p-n-. (Jp-B 17: 82)
19. kakvX a\p-jycpw ac-W-am-kz-Zn-thcm-Ip-p. \n-fpsS Ia-^ew
Ay-\m-fn ]qW-ambn \evI-s-Spw. AhnsS \c-Im-n-bn\nv AI-s-Sp-Ibpw kzK-n {]th-in--s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX-h-\m-tcm, Ah-\s{X
bYmY hnP-bn. Cl-tem-I-Po-hnXw h-\m--I-amb Ncv am{Xw. (JpB 3: 185)
20. Ay-\m Ftm-gm-sWv Ah Xm-tfmSv tNmZn-p-p. AXv ]d-bm
Xmsv? AXns hnhcw Xm-fpsS \mY am{Xw. Xm, AXns\
`b-s-Sp--hp ap-dn-bn-p-Im-c am{X-hpw. (Jp-B 4245)
21. a\p-jy In--tbm, \mw Ahs\ tcX-kvI-W-n\n-mWv krjvSn-sX-v. Fn--h-\nXm sXfn IpXn-bm-bn-cn-p-p. Ah \apv
DZm-l-c-W- Na-bvp-p. Xs Pas Ah adp If-p. {Zhnp-I-gn An-Isf Pohn-n-p--Xmcv F-h tNmZn-p-p. Aht\mSv ]d-bpI: t\cs Ahs\ krjvSn--h-\mtcm Ah Xs ]p\-cpo-hn-n-pw. Fm-Xcw krjvSn-Ie
- bpw \m-bd- n-bp-h
- \
- s{X Ah. (JpB 36: 77-79)
`qtem-Is
- bpw hm\-tem-I
- s
- fbpw krjvSn-n-p Am-lp-hn\v Chsc-tm-ep--hsc krjvSn-p-hm Xo-bmbpw Ign-hp-sv Chv a\n-em-bn-nt? Ahsc Hcp-anp Iqp--Xn\v Ah Hcp kabw \n-bn-np-v. AXns BK-a\w \nw-i-b-am-Ip-p. ]t, AXv \ntj-[n-pI
Xs thW-sav [nm-cn-Iv imTy-ap-v. (Jp-B 17: 99)
\mw hnn\nv A\p-Kr-lo-Xa
- mb Xo-cn-d
- n. AXp-hgn tXm-fpw
[m\y-hn-f-Ifpw apf-n-p. ]g- Xnnb Ipe-I ASp--Sp-mbn Xqp, \op-b Cu-\-Ifpw hfn. ASn-a-Iv Blm-c-am-bn-m-WnXv. AXp-hgn \nPo-h-amb `qanv \mw Poh-\-cp-fn. C{]-Im-c-amWv ]p\-cpm\w (Jp-B 50: 911)
22. AXn-`u-Xn-I-Im-cy- Adn-bp-Xv Ah-\m-Ipp. AXn-`u-XnI cl-ky Ah Bpw shfn-s-Sp-n-sIm-Sp-p-n-, Ah CjvS-s ZqXs\m-gn-sI. (Jp-B 72: 26-27)
23. tNmZn-pI: hm\--`p-h-\--fn-fp--sXmw Bcp-tS-XmWv? ]d-bpI: Fmw
Am-lp-hn-tXv am{Xw (Jp-B 6: 12)
24. Ah-cpsS k-n tNmZnp hcp--hpw Pohn-X-amK- XS-b-s-hpw Ah-Im-i--fpv (\-_n-h-N-\w)
25. P\- tNmZn-p-p, Ah-sc-mWv sNe-h-gn-t--sX-v. ]d-bpI: \n sNe-h-gn-p apX, amXm-]n-Xm-pw ASp _p-pw
A\m-Y-Ipw AK-Xn-Ipw hgn-t]m-pw thn-bm-bn-cn--s. \n Fv \a sNbvXmepw Amlp Adn-bp-p-v. (Jp-B 2: 215)
\n_ Zm\- ]m]-, AK-Xn-I, kImv tPmen-m, a\p-I CW--s-tS--h, Fn-hpw ASn-a--tam-N-\-npw IS-_m[n-Xsc klm-bn-p--Xn-pw-ssZ-hn-I-amK-npw km-cn-Ipw am{X-

58

{]Imiw ]c-p {]m\w

ap--Xm-Ip-p. CXv Amlp \ntZ-in IS-a-bm-Ip-p. Amlp Fmw

Adn-bp--h\pw bpn-am-\p-am-W-tm. (Jp-B 9: 60)
26. \ns \mY hn[n-n-cn-pp: \n Ahv am{X-a-msX ampw
Io-gvs-S-cp-Xv. amXm-]n-Xm--tfmSv \ \ne-bn hn-t-Ww. \n-fpsS
ASp- Ah-cn Hcm-tfm, cp-t]-cptam hm[Iyw {]m]n-p-p-sh-n,
Ah-tcmSv "sO' Fp-t]mepw ]d-b-cp-Xv. Ah-tcmSv ]cp-j-ambn kwkm-cn-bp-a-cp-Xv. BZ-c-thmsS Ah-tcmSv kwkm-cn-p-I. Imcp-Wy-ns Nnd-IpI Ahp-thn Xmgvn sImSp-p-I. Ahp-thn Cs\ {]mYnp-Ibpw sNpI: \mYm, Fs Ipn-m-ev Ah Fs Fs\
kvt\-l-hm--ey--tfmsS ]cn-]m-en-pthm, A{]-Imcw \o Ahv
ImcpWyw Acp-tf-Wta! (Jp-B 17: 23-24)
27. ]mc-{XnI cm-in--Isf \ntj-[n-phs\ \o In-ptm? A\mYsb Bn-b-I-p--h\pw AK-Xn-bpsS Blmcw sImSp-m t{]cn-n-m-h-\p-am-W-h (Jp-B 107: 13)
Ah \ns A\m-Y-\mbn ImWp-Ibpw Atm A`-b-ta-Ip-Ibpw
sNbvXn-tbm? \ns hgn-b-dn-bm--h-\mbn ImWp-Ibpw Atm t\hgn-b-cp-fp-Ibpw sNbvXn-tbm? \ns \n[-\-\mbn ImWp-Ibpw Atm
k--\m-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-tbm? AXn-\m, A\m-Y-tbmSv \o ]cp-jambn s]cp-am-dm-Xn-cn-p-I. bmN-Is\ hnc-m-Xn-cn-p-I. \ns \mYs A\p{K-ls {]kvXm-hn-p-I. (Jp-B 93: 611)
28. imk-\m-[n-Imcw Am-lp-hn\v am{Xw. Ah-sm-gnsI ampw \n
ASn-a-s-S-cp-sXv Ah Iev]n-n-cn-p-p. AXs{X Ghpw icn-bmb
amKw. ]t, A[n-I-am-fp-Ifpw Adn-bp-n-. (Jp-B 12: 40)
29. {]t_m-[\w ae-bmf hmcn-I, t_m[-\w ae-bmf ssZzam-kn-I, tdUnbkv-- Cw-ojv hmcn-I, ZA-v-h-v DZp ss{XZn-\w, kn-Kn--DZp amknI.
Imn lnn amkn-I, Imn lnn hmcn-I, apPm-ln-Zv Ak-aokv hmcn-I,
aokm--_w-Kmfn hmcn-I, ka-ckw X-angv ssZzhm-cn-I, Kop-dmbn sXepp hmcn-I, Kop-dm-bn sXep-p-am-kn-I, imn-amKv admTn hmcn-I,
jmlo KpP-dmn hmcn-I, kamK IS hmcn-I.