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ERRORS ON THE REPORT TO U.S. CONGRESS:“Honduras: Constitutional Law Issues”
By José María Rodríguez GonzálezU.S. Foreign Policy International AnalystSeptember 2009
 
Honduras: Constitutional Law Issues
 
 Errors on Report LL File No. 2009-002965
 
Page 2 of 10
 September 2009
SERIOUS ERRORS
ON:REPORT FOR CONGRESSAugust 2009(The Law library of CongressDirectorate of Legal Research forForeign, Comparative,and International LawLL File No. 2009-002965)
Honduras:Constitutional Law Issues
 EventsThe National Congress, directed by Mr. Roberto Micheletti Bain, elected the 15 membersof the current Supreme Court in January of this year, 2009, from a list of attorneys presented by Mr. Micheletti to the Congress.On June 29
th
 , 2009, the National Congress of Honduras interpreted president Zelaya’sdisapproval, as removal of president Zelaya. The Congress then elected Mr. Micheletti,its president, as the president of Honduras based on a subjective absolute absence of President Zelaya, while President Zelaya’s absence was not absolute. It was, instead, forced and temporary, as he was violently taken out of his office and expatriated by the Army, a day before.The National Congress also had a letter of resignation by President Zelaya under consideration. The letter was signed three days before the coup. This resignationconsequently would drop charges and close President Zelaya’s case.These National Congress actions were taken after a Congressional Decree dated Monday29, 2009, at 12:45 AM - a day after President Zelaya was removed violently from hisoffice and expatriated by the Army on Sunday June 28
th
at 5:30 AM.The Supreme Court failed to address the original Executive Orders of President José  Manuel Zelaya Rosales and allowed the Honduran lower Court of Letters and theContentious Administrative to deal with the constitutional matter beyond the competenceof this Court. The Supreme Court of Honduras played a passive and facilitative roll insuch a high priority and serious case.
 
Honduras: Constitutional Law Issues
 
 Errors on Report LL File No. 2009-002965
 
Page 3 of 10
 
I.
 
What are the provisions, if any, in the Honduran Constitution for their JudicialBranch and the Legislative Branch (National Congress) to remove an electedPresident?
 
If the case against President Zelaya’s was built in the lower Court of Letters of theContentious Administrative it is an unequivocally fact that this court has no jurisdiction overconstitutional matters, unconstitutionality or any violation of the Constitution. Constitutionalmatters are exclusively handled by the Supreme Court of Honduras. (
Honduras Constitution
Art.184
1
, also here below)
Art. 323, section 2 stays that
the Supreme Court has the power to “hear cases againstthe highest officers of the State and the Deputies.”
This is the exclusive duty of theSupreme Court, never a function of a lower court. This provision in the Constitution isignored by the Honduran Supreme Court.In addition to the Supreme Court overlooking its duties, the decrees focus of the oustingof President Zelaya -
Executive Orders
2
 
#
 
PCM-005-2009, PCM-019-2009, PCM-020-2009 and PCM-027-2009,
would be a matter of unconstitutionality revision due to the factthat these decrees represent a challenge to Art. 51 of the Constitution, which states“Regarding elections acts and procedures will be a Supreme Electoral Tribunal, autonomousand independent, with jurisdictional entity, with jurisdiction and competence in all theRepublic, whose organization and function will be established by this Constitution and thelaw, which will stay equally related matters of other electoral organisms.”Art. 184 stays “Laws can be declared unconstitutional by reason of form or content. Itcompetes original and exclusively to the Supreme Court of Justice the knowledge andresolution of the matter, and must pronounce it with the requisites of definite sentences.”To determine if President Zelaya’s decrees are unconstitutional is the sole province of theHonduran Supreme Court of Justice and not any other Court and definite not a lower Court,given the President’s highest authority and the high legal level of his decrees.
1
 
All references to Honduras Constitution are taken from the updated or amended CONSTITUCIÓN DE LA REPÚBLICA DEHONDURAS. Available online, at:http://www.gobernacion.gob.hn/descargas/leyes/CONSTITUCION%20DE%20LA%20REPUBLICA.pdf  The Constitution was originally published officially in LA GACETA, Jan. 20, 1982.
2
Called Executive Decrees in Honduras. PCM-005-2009 was never published in
LA GACETA
, as required.PCM-019-2009 nullifies PCM-005-2009.
The centerpiece document is
PCM-020-2009
, here attached. PCM-027-2009follows up for execution of PCM-020-2009.

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