LPK 506. Polaris Burmese Library - Singapore - Collection - VOLUME 506

ppftmPm&Sifpepfwdkufzsufa&; - ANTI-MILITARY DICTATORSHIP - CLASSIC
Polaris Burmese Library Collections Vol. 506

The Fight For Freedom in Burma
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ANTI-MILITARY DICTATORSHIP
Democracy and Human Rights Without Borders


COMPREHENSIVE TEXT AND REFERENCE

FOR DEMOCRACY LEADERS IN MYANMAR
THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED TO

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WE WILL BRING DICTATORS TO JUSTICE







BURMA: BATTLE FOR DEMOCRACY





( )
EDITOR THAKHIN VACAKA ( RIT )
POLARIS BURMESE LIBRARY

2013
A5 SIZE
Index: Polaris Burmese Library, LPK Library, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, Bo Than
Shwe, Myanmar Current History, Myanmar Politics, Myanmar Junta, Myanmar
People, Myanmar Students, Insein Prison, Prison in Myanmar, Political Prisoner in
Myanmar, Torture in Myanmar, Myanmar Army, Myanmar Affairs, Burma Affairs,
Democracy and Human Rights in Burma, Burmese Refugees, Anti-Dictatorship,
Dictator Than Shwe, Anti-Dictator, Burma dictator Than Shwe, Myanmar dictator
Than Shwe, Democracy and Human Rights Without Borders, puppet president Bo
Thein Sein, KIA,KIO, KNU,UWSA, SSA, RCSS,
Public Enemies



YANGON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS UNION BUILDING

( ) (
MYANMAR DEMOCRACY MONUMENT
NATIONAL RECONCILIATION AND PEACE TREATY



PUBLIC ENEMIES OF MYANMAR

KIO/KIA
KACHIN STATE AND KIO/KIA

KIO/KIA



MYANMAR FOREIGN POLICY 1948 2010

10

DEMOCRACY CHECKLIST

()
()
()

11


12


13


14

(from left) top: Long Bin Bridge, river near Perfume

Pagoda; middle: Turtle Tower, bottom: Temple of
Literature, Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, Hanoi Opera House

15

Keangnam Hanoi Landmark Tower, Vietnam's tallest

skyscraper, is located in Hanoi.

16

Main gate to the Temple of Literature
ng Xun Market

17

Tran Quoc pagoda

18

Panorama of Hanoi

19

American Airlines orders up to 150 Embraer E-175s and 70 Bombardier CRJ900s

Dec. 12, 2013 Karen Walker
Rendering of Embraer E-175 in American Eagle livery

Courtesy, Embraer
Advertisement
American Airlines Group has signed a firm purchase agreement for 60 Embraer E-175 jets
with options for another 90 E-175s, as well as a firm order for 30 Bombardier CRJ900
regional jets with options for 40 more aircraft.
The orders, announced Thursday, are the first new aircraft orders since American and US
Airways merged into a single company Dec. 9.
Embraer said the E-175 firm orders are valued at $2.5 billion at list prices. The manufacturer
said American will configure the aircraft with 12 first-class, 12 main cabin extra and 44
economy seats. Deliveries will start in the first quarter of 2015.
Bombardier said the CJ900 firm order value is $1.42 billion at list prices, which could
increase to $3.38 billion if the 40 options are converted into firm orders.
The American CRJ900s will have a package of NextGen enhancements, which include
upgraded avionics and engine improvements for further fuel-burn savings.American said,
We've closed our merger with US Airways Group, and as we begin the work to harmonize
the American and US Airways operations, an agreement like this with Bombardier will greatly
improve our ability to optimize our flying with the right aircraft to meet customer demand.
This order will allow American to lower costs by replacing older aircraft.

20

E-Jet family
E-170/E-175/E-190/E-195
An Embraer 170 in new livery of launch customer

LOT Polish Airlines landing at Amsterdam Airport
(2012).
Airliner
Role
National origin Brazil
Manufacturer Embraer
First flight February 19, 2002
March 17, 2004 with LOT Polish
Introduction
Airlines
In service
Status
Republic Airlines
Air Canada
Primary users
JetBlue Airways
Compass Airlines
Produced 2001present
Number built 1,000+[1]
E-170: US$28.5 million; E-195:
Unit cost
$47.0 million[2]
Embraer Lineage 1000
Variants
Developed into Embraer E-Jet E2 family
The Embraer E-Jet family is a series of narrow-body medium-range twin-engine jet

airliners produced by Brazilian aerospace conglomerate Embraer. Launched at the Paris Air
Show in 1999, and entering production in 2002, the aircraft series has been a commercial
success.[3] The aircraft is used by both mainline and regional airlines around the world. As of
31 December 2012, there is a backlog of 185 firm orders for the E-Jets, 580 options and 908
units delivered.[4]

21

E-170 and 175

The E-170/E-175 models in the 80-seat range are the smaller in the E-Jet family. They are
powered with General Electric CF34-8E engines of 14,200 pounds (62.28 kN) thrust each.
The E-170 and E-175 directly compete with the Bombardier CRJ-700 and Bombardier CRJ900, respectively, and loosely compete with the turboprop Bombardier Q400. They also seek
to replace the market segment occupied by earlier competing designs such as the BAe 146
and Fokker 70.
The Embraer 170 was the first version produced. The prototype 170-001, registration PPXJE, was rolled out on 29 October 2001, with first flight 119 days later on 19 February 2002.
The aircraft was displayed to the public in May 2002 at the Regional Airline Association
convention. After a positive response from the airline community, Embraer launched the E175. First flight of the stretched E-175 was on June 2003.[30] The launch U.S. customer For
the EMB 170 was US Airways, after FAA certification, the aircraft entered into revenue
service on April 4, 2004 operated by the MidAtlantic division of US Airways, Inc. The first
E-175 was delivered to Air Canada and entered service in July 2005.[30] The 170-001
prototype performed its last flight on April 11, 2012. Its destiny was disassembly in the US
for spare parts.
An Air Canada ERJ-175 on climb-out

22

CRJ700 series
CRJ700 / CRJ900
CRJ1000
A CRJ900 in Delta Connection livery

Regional jet
Role
Canada
National origin
Bombardier Aerospace
Manufacturer
27 May 1999
First flight
2001
Introduction
In production, in service
Status
SkyWest Airlines[1]
GoJet Airlines
Primary users
ExpressJet
American Eagle Airlines
1999-present
Produced
636 as of September 2013[2]
Number built
US$2439.7m (2006)
Unit cost
Bombardier CRJ200
Developed from
The Bombardier CRJ700, CRJ900, and CRJ1000 are regional airliners based on the
Bombardier CRJ200. Final assembly of the aircraft is at Montral-Mirabel International
Airport in Mirabel, Quebec, outside Montreal, Canada.[3]
CRJ900 and derivative

23

Lufthansa CityLine Bombardier CRJ900LR takes off (2010).

The CRJ900 is a stretched 7690
90 seat version of the CRJ700. The aircraft features two GE
CF34-8C5 engines, 13,360 lbf (59.4 kN) thrust with APR, and added leading edge slats. Max
GTOW is 84,500 pounds. The airplane is loosely based on the CRJ200 series with a few
major improvements. The environmental packs have a target temperature instead of a hot
hotcold knob. The cabin has a recirculation
circulation fan which aids in cooling and heating. The engines
are controlled by FADEC digital engine control instead of control cables and a fuel control
unit. The cabin floor has been lowered 2 inches which gains outward visibility from the
windows in the cabin as the windows become closer to eye level height. The APU is a
Honeywell RE220 unit which supplies much more air to the AC packs and has higher limits
for starting and altitude usage. The wingspan is longer, the tail is redesigned with more span
and anhedral. In typical service the CRJ900 can cruise 810,000
8
ft higher with a slightly
higher fuel burn and an average true airspeed of 450500
450 500 knots, a significant improvement
over its predecessor.
or. The FAA Type Certificate designation of the CRJ900 is the CL-6002D24.
The first CRJ900 (C-FRJX)
FRJX) was modified from the prototype CRJ700 by adding longer
fuselage plugs fore and aft; it was later converted into the prototype CRJ1000 by installing
yet longer fuselage plugs.[7] The CRJ900 competes with the Embraer 175,, and is more
efficient per seat-mile,
mile, according to Bombardier.[citation needed]. Mesa Air Group was the launch
customer for the CRJ900 painted in America West livery.
Scandinavian Airlines was a new customer of the CRJ900 in 2008

In 2007, Bombardier launched the CRJ900 NextGen to replace the initial version. The new
model has improved economics and a new cabin common to the CRJ700 NextGen and
CRJ1000 NextGen. Mesaba Aviation,
Aviation, operating at the time as Northwest Airlink (now Delta
Connection),
), was the launch customer, and remains the largest
largest operator of the CRJ900
NextGen. The Mesaba fleet of CRJ900 NextGen aircraft are configured in a two class seating
configuration, with 12 first class seats and 64 coach seats.
Comair, operating as Delta Connection,
Connection, has ordered 14 CRJ900s, with at least 6 in service as
of Nov 2007.[8] These are in a two class configuration, with 12 first class seats and 64 coach
seats. This is due to a limitation in Delta's contract with its pilots which limits its regional
carriers to flying 76-seat
seat aircraft.
In September 2011 PLUNA received its eleventh plane (from an eventual total order with
options of 15). Estonian Air ordered 3 new CRJ900 NextGen 88-seat
88 seat aircraf
aircraft. Also SAS
24


ordered 13 of these in March 2008. Iraqi Airways has ordered six
ix Bombardier CRJ900
NextGen airliners and options on a further four of the type.[9] In June 2010 Lufthansa ordered
eight CRJ900 NextGen.[10] In December 2012 Delta Airlines ordered 40 CRJ900 Nex
NextGen
worth $1.89 billion with 30 options.[11]
Air Canada Jazz CRJ705ER at Regina International Airport

The CRJ700 Series 705 is based on the CRJ900, with a business class cabin and a reduced
maximum seating capacity to allow operation with regional airlines.. The Series 705 seats 75
passengers. Some regional airlines have contracts with their major airlines that limit the
maximum passenger capacity
ty of aircraft they operate. The Air Canada Pilots Association
negotiated a scope agreement with Air Canada limiting the maximum seating capacity of any
jet aircraft at Air Canada Express to 75 seats. Air Canada Jazz was the launch customer for
this aircraft in 2005 with 10 Executive Class and 65 Economy Class seats, all fitted with
personal audio/video-on-demand
demand systems.
systems. The FAA Type Certificate designation of the
CRJ705 is the CL-600-2D15.. Jazz Aviation operates 16 CRJ705s on behalf of Air Canada
and is currently the only operator of this type.
Specifications
Variant
Cockpit crew
Seating capacity
Length
Wingspan
CRJ700
CRJ705
CRJ900
CRJ1000
90 (1-class,
maximum)
88 (1-class,
typical)
79 (2-class,
typical)
104 (1-class,
maximum)
100 (1-class, typical)
93 (2-class, typical)
Two
78 (1-class,
class,
maximum)
70 (1-class,
class,
typical)
66 (2-class,
class,
typical)
32.51 m (106 ft 8
in)
23.24 m (76 ft 3 in)
74 (1-class,
typical)
75 (2-class,
typical)
36.40 m (119 ft 4 in)

24.85 m (81 ft 6 in)
7.57 m (24 ft 10 in)

7.51 m (24 ft 7 in)
Height
70.61 m (760 ft)
Wing area
Fuselage max
2.7 m (8 ft 10 in)
diameter
Maximum cabin
2.57 m (8 ft 5 in)
width
1.89 m (6 ft 2 in)
Cabin height
19,731 kg
Operating empty
21,433 kg (47,250 lb)
(43,500 lb)
weight
28,259 kg
31,751 kg (70,000 lb)
Max Zero Fuel
(62,300 lb)
LR: 32,024 kg (70,600 lb)
Weight (ZFW)
LR:: 28,801 kg
39.13 m (128 ft 4.7

in)
26.18 m (85 ft 10.6
in)
7.50 m (24 ft 6 in)
77.4 m (833 ft)
23,179 kg
(51,100 lb)
35,154 kg
(77,500 lb)
25

(63,495 lb)
32,999 kg
(72,750 lb)
Maximum takeoff ER: 34,019 kg
(75,000 lb)
weight (MTOW)
LR: 34,926 kg
(77,000 lb)
8,527 kg
(18,800 lb)
Max payload
LR: 9,070 kg
weight
(19,995 lb)
Cargo capacity 15.5 m3 (550 cu ft)
1,564 m (5,131 ft)
ER: 1,676 m
Take off run at
(5,499 ft)
MTOW (ISA)
LR: 1,851 m
(6,073 ft)
Service ceiling
Mach 0.78
(829
km/h,
Basic cruise speed
515 mph)
Mach 0.85
Maximum cruise
(876 km/h,
speed
544 mph)
1,434 nmi
(2,656 km;
1,650 mi)
ER: 1,732 nmi
(3,208 km;
Maximum range
1,993 mi)
LR: 2,002 nmi
(3,708 km;
2,304 mi)
Maximum fuel
load
GE CF34-8C5B1
Engines (2x)
56.4 kN
Takeoff thrust
(12,670 lbf)
(2x)
61.3 kN
Thrust APR (2x)
(13,790 lbf)
36,504 kg (80,500 lb)

ER: 37,421 kg (82,500 lb)
LR: 38,330 kg (84,500 lb)
EuroLite: 38,995 kg
(85,968 lb)
40,824 kg
(90,000 lb)
ER: 41,640 kg
(91,800 lb)
10,319 kg (22,750 lb)

LR: 10,591 kg (23,350 lb)
11,975 kg
(26,400 lb)
16.8 m3 (590 cu ft)
19.4 m3 (690 cu ft)

EuroLite: 1,822 m
(5,978 ft)
1,996 m (6,549 ft)
ER: 2,079 m
(6,821 ft)
1,778 m (5,833 ft)

ER: 1,861 m (6,106 ft)
LR: 1,944 m (6,378 ft)
12,497 m (41,000 ft)
Mach 0.78
Mach 0.80
(829 km/h,
(850 km/h,
515 mph)
528 mph)
Mach 0.83
Mach 0.83
(885 km/h,
(881 km/h,
559 mph)
547 mph)
1,719 nmi
1,350 nmi
(3,184 km;
(2,500 km;
1,978 mi)
1,550 mi)
ER: 1,963 nmi
ER: 1,593 nmi
(3,635 km;
(2,950 km;
2,259 mi)
1,833 mi)
LR: 1,999 nmi
LR: 1,828 nmi
(3,702 km;
(3,385 km;
2,300 mi)
2,104 mi)
Mach 0.78
(827 km/h,
515 mph)
Mach 0.82
(870 km/h,
541 mph)
EuroLite: 909 nmi
(1,683 km;
1,046 mi)
1,345 nmi
(2,491 km;
1,548 mi)
ER: 1,535 nmi
(2,843 km;
1,766 mi)
8,887 kg (19,590 lb)

GE CF34-8C5
58.4 kN
59.4 kN
(13,123 lbf)
(13,360 lbf)
63.4 kN
64.5 kN
(14,255 lbf)
(14,510 lbf)

GE CF34-8C5A1
60.6 kN (13,630 lbf)
64.5 kN (14,510 lbf)
26


13.12.2013 RFA

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11.12.2013 RFA
() RFA

NDF


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11.12.2013 RFA
Generation Youth

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()

7.12.2013 RFA
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Generation Youth
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4.12.2013 RFA
Generation Youth
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Generation Youth

()

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26.11.2013 RFA
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25.11.2013 RFA

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25.11.2013 RFA
RFA


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UNFC

25.11.2013 RFA
UNFC

UNFC

UNFC
UNA


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UNA

MPC

UNFC

UNFC

UNFC -
UNA
UNFC
UNA


38

UNFC
24.11.2013 RFA

UNFC

UNFC

UNFC
"

"

KNPP
UNFC

UNFC

NLD
UNA


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UNFC
23.11.2013 RFA
UNFC
UNFC
UNFC
UNFC

UNA

UNFC
UNFC

NCCT

ABSDF/ NLDLA/ DPNS


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HANOI
HANOI

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50


51


52

OPERA HOUSE

53


54

REUNIFICATION MUSEUM

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56

KNU

Created on Thursday, 12 December 2013 01:09
http://www.weeklyeleven.com
(KNU)
(UNFC) ()
(KNU)

(KNU)

. . . . .
(KIO)
"

"

57

Friday, December 13, 2013
. . ..

(Y.I.T)
. . ..
(Y.I.T)

. . .

-

58

-
-
-

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( ) ( )

IMF

(-

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(TransparencyInternational)

(Bagger with golden bowl)


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()

.. . .

(Y.I.T)
Myanmartandawsint Newspaper

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Friday, December 13, 2013


65


| Mizzima - News in Burmese

66

Thursday, December 12, 2013
''
''
(Equality
Myanmar)
()
- Yangon Media Group

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Thursday, December 12, 2013

(-)
( )

(- /)

68

()

|
Mizzima - News in Burmese

69

Wednesday, December 11, 2013

70

Made
in Thailand

()

Miss International

71

AFTA

The Voice Weekly

72

()

7day Daily

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(WISH


74


WISH

By ()

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76

(Joint
Mointaring
Committe)

77

(PCU)
- 7Day News Journal

78

() ()
()
Browse Home () ()
()

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() () ()
()
(..)
()
()
()
()
(..) ()
()
(..)

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Tuesday, December 10, 2013 RFA
CPI

CPI
Clear Path International (CPI)
CPI
Lou
McGrath
CPI

81

Saturday, December 14, 2013
() Ubon Ratchathani
()

The Voice

82

The Voice Weekly

83

the USS New York's arrival.

84

United States and Chinese warships nearly

collide in South China Sea
PUBLISHED : Sunday, 15 December, 2013, 5:25am
Reuters in Washington and Li Jing
The guided-missile cruiser USS Cowpens. Photo: SMP

A US guided-missile cruiser operating in international waters in the South China Sea was
forced to take evasive action on December 5 to avoid a collision with a Chinese warship, the
US Pacific Fleet said in a statement.
The incident came as the USS Cowpens was operating near China's only aircraft carrier, the
Liaoning, and at a time of heightened regional tensions following Beijing's declaration of an
air defence identification zone farther north in the East China Sea.
The Pacific Fleet said in its statement on Friday that second Chinese ship manoeuvred near
the Cowpens, forcing the US ship to take evasive action to avoid a collision.
"Eventually, effective bridge-to-bridge communications occurred between the US and
Chinese crews, and both vessels manoeuvred to ensure safe passage," the defence official
said.
Asked if the Chinese vessel was moving towards the Cowpens with aggressive intent, the
official declined to speculate on the Chinese crew's motivations.
However, The New York Times quoted another US official on its website yesterday as saying
the Chinese ship "was particularly aggressive". The defence official said the ship - similar to

85


an American tank carrier - had cut across the Cowpens' bow at a distance of less than 180
metres.
The near miss was the most significant US-China maritime incident in the South China Sea
since 2009, said security expert Carl Thayer at the Australian Defence Force Academy.
Heightened tensions over China's military assertiveness have raised concerns that a minor
incident in disputed maritime waters, the South China Sea and East China Sea, could quickly
escalate.
The US has raised the latest incident at a "high level" with the Chinese government,
according to a State Department official quoted by the US military's Stars and Stripes
newspaper.
Analysts said similar frictions might be unavoidable in the future, making a crisis
management system that facilitates better military-to-military communication between the
two powers ever more urgent.
Jin Canrong , of Renmin University's school of international studies, said the frequency of
such frictions was set to rise as the Chinese navy was increasing its presence in the South
China Sea, where the US navy has also been active.
"Of course the leaders of both countries do not want to see confrontation, but young military
men on the front line may easily lose their temper," said Jin.
Zhuang Jianzhong, deputy director of the Centre for National Strategy Studies at Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, said such "tactical encounters" were not likely to dampen the overall
bilateral ties between China and the US. "It's in both sides' interests to maintain the security
and stability in the Asia-Pacific region," he said.
Jin said while the US side had been quite keen on setting up a hotline between the top
defence officials, China had been reluctant to do so. "China needs to further improve its
military transparency," he said.

86

14 December 2013 Last updated at 08:36 GMT BBC
Japan and Asean nations seek 'freedom of

overflight'
Japan and SE Asian leaders have pledged to work together to ensure "freedom of overflight"
in the region, in a move seen as a mild rebuke to China.The announcement came at a summit
in Tokyo, weeks after China's declaration of a new air defence zone overlapping areas
claimed by Japan and South Korea.Japan has been rallying support from 10 Asean nations,
some of whom also have territorial disputes with China.Earlier, PM Shinzo Abe unveiled a
$20bn (12bn) package of aid and loans.It is part of Japan's apparent efforts to court its
southern neighbours against a backdrop of Chinese expansion in the region.The Tokyo
summit marks 40 years of Japan's ties with the Association of South East Asian Nations
(Asean).Indonesia said good China-Japan ties were "critical" for the region.
'Unimpeded commerce'
Japanese and Asean leaders "agreed to enhance co-operation in ensuring freedom of
overflight and civil aviation safety", said a passage in their statement quoted by AFP news
agency.
87


China's unilateral declaration of an air defence zone over the East China Sea - which includes
disputed islands - has made its neighbours' hackles rise
Commentators say
Japan is trying to court its southern neighbours in an apparent bid to counter China's growing
economic and military might
The statement does not single out any particular country but is thought to be an allusion to the
air defence zone above the East China Sea - the Air Defence Identification Zone (ADIZ) unilaterally declared by China last month.
China had said that aircraft flying through the ADIZ - which covers an area containing
disputed islands not controlled by China - must follow its rules, including filing flight plans
and identifying themselves.
But it insists the ADIZ is not a no-flight zone.
The statement also refers "to the importance of maintaining peace, stability and prosperity in
the region and promoting maritime security and safety, freedom of navigation, unimpeded
commerce, exercise of self-restraint and resolution of disputes by peaceful means".

88


Mr Abe's financial package will be spread over five years, and will mostly take the form of
concessional loans.
It will focus on development in the Mekong river region, which stretches from China in the
north down through south-east Asia, and fund transport projects.
He said he wanted to build a future of Asia "where laws, rather than power, rule".
Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono said good relations between China and
Japan were "critical to the future" of the region.
"Indonesia is deeply concerned at the prospect of the disputes erupting into open conflicts,
which will have adverse impacts on all countries in the region," he said.
The Philippines, which is involved in an ongoing row with China over islands in the South
China Sea, said it was committed to freedom of flight in international airspace without
specifically mentioning China.
Zone defied
Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei, asked about the summit on Thursday, said
the relevant countries should work to maintain regional stability.
The countries "in developing their relations, should not target third parties or hurt third-party
interests", he said.
Military aircraft from the US, Japan and South Korea have defied the ADIZ, flying
unannounced through the area.
Washington has called China's declaration of an ADIZ a bid to unilaterally change the status
quo in the region. There are fears a similar zone will be declared above the resource-rich
South China Sea, which China largely claims as its own.
Asean groups Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), the
Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

89

China says planes flying within its claimed zone must identify themselves and obey protocols
26 November 2013 Last updated at 05:17 GMT BBC
Why China air zone raises risk

China's demarcation of an air defence zone that overlaps areas claimed by Japan is a strong
statement, writes Alexander Neill of the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS),
and one that raises the risk of possible miscalculation and escalation in the region.
China's unilateral establishment of an air defence identification zone (ADIZ) demonstrates
President Xi Jinping's resolve to defend China's territorial integrity.
It is the most striking act of military escalation since he became China's top leader and top
military chief one year ago.
Nevertheless, Chinese leaders will repudiate any criticism, pointing out the imposition of
Japan's existing ADIZ in the region extending over China's claimed territory.
In the absence of transparency in Chinese defence spending, analysts commonly resort to the
study of strategic signalling by the People's Liberation Army (PLA) - and the creation of the
ADIZ amounts to a very strong signal from the military leadership.
The imposition of the ADIZ is resonant of the PLA's missile blockade of Taiwan in 1996,
when former Chinese President Jiang Zemin ordered the unilateral establishment of air and
maritime exclusion zones during a series of missile tests to the north and south of Taiwan.
The ADIZ declaration confirms that the Diaoyu/Senkaku islands are a "core concern" for
China; it places the archipelago in the same category as the South China Sea and Taiwan.

90


China's defence white paper released in April holds some obvious clues to recent PLA
actions. Japan is described as "making trouble" over the island dispute, while the US military
pivot to Asia has created regional tension, according to the document.
Over the last decade, populist nationalism in China has been fuelled by an official narrative
of humiliation at the hands of the West. Such sentiment has been tempered by adherence to
Deng Xiaoping's "hide and bide" policy of strategic restraint.
Recently, however, demonstrations of Chinese military power would suggest that Xi Jinping
may be prepared to overlook this policy.
China's new regional identity as an economic powerhouse with an increasingly potent
military has made the humiliation narrative less relevant; a sense of national pride is now
pervasive. Chinese sabre-rattling is often a reflection of domestic sentiment and a form of
public appeasement.
This latest gesture comes in the wake of significant military tension in the region.
In January 2013, Japan's Ministry of Defence accused the PLA Navy of directing fire control
radar onto a Japanese naval vessel not far from the disputed islands. China vehemently denies
that such hostility took place.
China's best option to maintain escalation dominance in the absence of a permanent military
presence in the Senkaku region is the establishment of the ADIZ.
The greatest red line for China would be the establishment of manned positions on the islands
by Japan, an action which could prompt a swift escalation in hostility.
Both countries have avoided such actions thus far; however, recently China has flown drone
sorties close to the disputed region, prompting fighter scrambles by Japan.
US surveillance
Another recent development was the roll-out of China's first stealth drone, which came soon
after the maiden flight of the J-31 stealth fighter earlier this year.
All of these weapons systems are still in the developmental phase but they emphasise the
success of Chinese military modernisation over the last decade.
And while China is far away from becoming a global military power, US defence experts
have noted that China has been able to concentrate formidable military capabilities in its own
backyard. Some analysts suggest that in certain areas, the PLA may be able to rival US
capabilities in the region.
Most significantly, the ADIZ is symbolic of China's persistent anger at the regular
surveillance and intelligence gathering sorties mounted by the US military at sea and in the
air along China's borders.

91


One particularly sensitive episode was the loss of a Chinese fighter pilot killed in a collision
with a US surveillance aircraft on an intelligence gathering mission over the South China Sea
in 2001.
Chinese leaders will argue that the establishment of the zone is designed to avoid such
incidents, but given the extremely fast reaction times required for air interdiction and the
relative inexperience of both the Chinese and Japanese air forces, the potential for swift
escalation and possible miscalculation will increase.
The proximity of the US 7th Fleet in Japan and the regular operations mounted by the US
military in the ADIZ area mean that the Pentagon will be extremely resistant to comply with
air identification protocols demanded on China's own terms, as will the Japanese military.
The creation of an air identification zone also belies Chinese confidence in its own command
and control networks and its ability to mount air surveillance over a large expanse of the East
China Sea.
The US response may be to up the tempo of its own military drills planned for the area,
forcing the PLA into a defensive response, testing both Xi Jinping's resolve and his chain of
command.
Alexander Neill is the Singapore-based Shangri-La Dialogue Senior Fellow for Asia-Pacific
Security at the International Institute for Strategic Studies
Air defence identification zones
Zones do not necessarily overlap with airspace, sovereign territory or territorial claims
States define zones, and stipulate rules that aircraft must obey; legal basis is unclear
During WW2, US established an air perimeter and now maintains four separate zones
- Guam, Hawaii, Alaska, and a contiguous mainland zone
UK, Norway, Japan and Canada also maintain zones
Source: aviationdevelopment.org
China-Japan disputed islands
The archipelago consists of five uninhabited islands and three reefs

Japan, China and Taiwan claim them; they are controlled by Japan and form part of
Okinawa prefecture
Japanese businessman Kunioki Kurihara owned three of the islands but sold them to
the Japanese state in September 2012
The islands were also the focus of a major diplomatic row between Japan and China
in 2010

92

Tensions between China and Japan are just one aspect of wider regional strains
25 November 2013 Last updated at 14:55 GMT BBC
Analysis: Risk of conflict in East China Sea

By Jonathan Marcus BBC diplomatic correspondent
China's declaration of an "air-defence identification zone" that extends over disputed islands
in the East China Sea is just the latest step in Beijing's effort to assert its claims over the
islands, known as Senkaku in Japan and Diaoyu in China.
US Defence Secretary Chuck Hagel described the move as "a destabilising attempt to alter
the status quo in the region".
And on Saturday, almost as if to underline the risks involved, the Japanese authorities say
that they scrambled two F-15 fighters to intercept two Chinese surveillance planes that were
approaching the islands.
China's more assertive policy and Japan's apparent willingness to push back against it raises
the possibility of sparking a wider conflict, albeit by accident perhaps, rather than by design.
All of the necessary points of friction are there. Last January, Japan insisted that a Chinese
frigate locked its targeting radar on to a Japanese warship near the disputed islands. China
denied it.
In the year ending last March, Japan scrambled aircraft to intercept what it regards as Chinese
intruders a record number of times. And both China and Japan have mounted exercises that
encompass the seizure or the defence of remote islands.
Having sought to draw lines at sea, Beijing is now seeking to draw lines in the air.

93


The upshot could be greater instability, with the ever-present danger that an incident between
warships or aircraft could precipitate a localised conflict between China and Japan.
The consequences of such an encounter risk an escalation that could ultimately draw in other
powers.
'Trump card'
While China is pursuing the rapid modernisation of its air and naval forces, in any localised
conflict it might be at a disadvantage compared to the modern and probably more capable
Japanese.
But drawing up a military balance between Japan and China is not really the issue here. The
real question is how might such a crisis be managed? How might it be contained? Indeed is
containment actually possible?
For there is a growing concern that the traditional tools of crisis management may be less
useful than in the past.
Earlier this month a wargame was held at the US think tank, the Centre for Strategic and
International Studies, acting out just such a scenario involving China and Japan.
It focused on how the US might respond to such a crisis. As matters got increasingly fraught
between China and Japan the players acting out the roles of senior US officials resisted the
deployment of US military muscle for fear of worsening the drama.
But then the Chinese actors in the wargame escalated significantly. Long-range Chinese antishipping missile units were moved to high-alert. Forces were despatched towards the islands
in contention. The US was forced to act; the recommendation was made to send two aircraft
carrier strike groups to the East China Sea.
At this point the wargame apparently ended; the US having played its trump card, and with
the heavyweights of US naval power on the way the assumption was that the crisis would die
down.
But one US strategic expert who follows events in this region closely - Robert Haddick - has
warned that such assumptions may be outdated.
In the past, he notes, the despatch of a US carrier battle group was seen as the escalatory
trump card, because there was very little that potential adversaries could do against them.
Antidote
However, China's growing area-denial or access-denial strategy seeks explicitly to put such
US assets in jeopardy. Long-range anti-ship ballistic missiles are intended specifically to take
out US carriers.
Escalating by despatching a carrier or two might in future not calm a crisis, warns Mr
Haddick. It could actually encourage the Chinese to strike out against them.

94


The growing tensions between China and Japan are just one aspect of the wider strains in the
region, which both Chinese and US strategy may actually be making worse.
One antidote is for better understanding between the US and Chinese militaries and there has
been some recent progress here.
But in a broad sense the whole US strategic doctrine in the region - dubbed Air-Sea Battle seems designed to contain China's rising military might, while China's area-denial strategy
seems intent on hampering the ability of US air and naval forces to make significant
interventions in waters that it regards as its strategic backyard.
This is why an unwanted Sino-Japanese clash puts so many experts' teeth on edge.
Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (L) shakes hands with Japanese Prime
Minister Shinzo Abe at the start of their talks at Abe's official residence in Tokyo.
Yudhoyono is in Tokyo to attend meetings between Japanese and ASEAN leaders.
(AP/Kimimasa Mayama, Pool) DECEMBER 14, 2013

95

A file photo of Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. (AFP/Yoshikazu TSUNO)
Singapore's Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong (AFP/Findlay Kember)

96

Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe (R) speaks next to Brunei Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah,
chairman of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Japan summit, during a
joint press announcement at Akasaka State guesthouse in Tokyo. (AFP/Koji Sasahara)
Japan PM Shinzo Abe (6th from left) and ASEAN leaders hold hands for a photo session of
Japan-ASEAN Commemorative Summit at Akasaka State Guesthouse in Tokyo. (AFP
PHOTO/POOL)

97

A Dassault Aviation French made Rafale performs during the Dubai Airshow, November 18,
2013. (AFP/Karim Sahib)
France loses out on Brazil jets deal

POSTED: 15 Dec 2013 07:50
France will lose out in its bid to win a multibillion-dollar fighter jet
contract with Brazil, the Folha de Sao Paulo daily reported on
Saturday.
SAO PAULO, Brazil: France will lose out in its bid to win a multibillion-dollar fighter jet
contract with Brazil, the Folha de Sao Paulo daily reported on Saturday.
The newspaper set France's US$4 billion proposal for 36 Rafale fighter jets, from a
consortium led by French giant Dassault, will be shot down for cost reason. It did not say
who would be the likely winner of the highly prized contract.
The French bid is up against Boeing's F/A-18 Super Hornet and the Gripen, made by
Sweden's Saab, for its FX-2 program.
French President Francois Hollande held talks on Thursday with his Brazilian counterpart
Dilma Rousseff in Brasilia during which he backed sharing technological knowhow and
saluted increasing bilateral trade.
With Brazil seeking to retire its Mirage 2000 jets at the end of the year, France has been
pushing the merits of the Rafale, initially believing it had a deal under Hollande's predecessor
Nicolas Sarkozy.

98


Rousseff's predecessor, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, had said in 2009 that Brazil would plump
for the Rafale but he left office before a deal could be put together and Rousseff then decided
to reassess the options.
Indications in Brazil are that Rousseff is not ready to approve such a big-ticket purchase
going into a year in which she seeks re-election and when her government is already under
fire from voters for the estimated US$11 billion cost of staging the World Cup.
Folha predicted a final decision would not come before 2015.

99


100

The myna or mynah
The myna or mynah is a bird of the starling family (Sturnidae). This is a group of passerine
birds which are native to southern Asia, especially India. Several species have been
introduced to areas like North America, Australia, South Africa, Fiji and New Zealand,
especially the Common Myna which is often regarded as an invasive species.
Mynas are not a natural group (Zuccon et al. 2006); instead, the term myna is used for any
starling in the Indian subcontinent, regardless of their relationships. This range was colonized
twice during the evolution of starlings, first by rather ancestral starlings related to the Coleto
and Aplonis lineages, and millions of years later by birds related to the Common Starling and
Wattled Starling's ancestors. These two groups of mynas can be distinguished in the more
terrestrial adaptions of the latter, which usually also have less glossy plumage except on the
heads and longer tails. The Bali Myna which is nearly extinct in the wild is highly distinctive.
Some mynas are considered talking birds, for their ability to reproduce sounds, including
human speech, when in captivity.
"Myna" is derived from the Hindi language main which itself is derived from Sanskrit
madan.[1][2]

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. () - Aung Din
. ()

( )
(WGEC)

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(NBF)
"
"
()
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()
( )

()
(Union
Accord)
"

( )
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(Myanmar
Peace
Center/
MPC)

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(Union
Accord)

()
()


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"
"
()
-

''
..
''
Daily Eleven

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(Civil Society Organizations)

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()
( )
() Statement of the Ethnic Nationalities Conference (August 2, 2013)
() United Nationalities Federal Council Annual Meeting Statement (January 10,
2013)
() UNFC

() The United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC) Press Statement 5/2013 (July
14, 2013)
() Information Release on 2nd Preliminary Meeting for Political Dialogue between

UNFC and UPWC Delegations 07/2013 (September 10, 2013)
() (UPWC)
(UNFC)
(--)

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UNFC
()
() " "

( )
()
( )
() UNFC
( )
() (Road Map)

( )
()
( ) (
)
()

( )
()
( )
() Analysis of The UNFC Position, EBO Briefing Paper (August 2013)
() Riposte to Article in EBO Briefing Paper No. 8, dated August 2013 (August 15,
2013)
() (NBF) ()
( )
()
( )
() ( ) (
)
() ( t
Eleven Media VOA DVB)

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. () - Aung Din
. ()

( )
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()
() ()
()
()

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()

(Restoration Council for the Shan State /RCSS)
"
"
"
"

(SSA-North)
() ()
()
()
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(Union Peace Work Committee/UPWC)

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() ()

(Mr. Vijay Nambiar) (Mr.
Wang Ying Fan) ()
(Peace
Talk
Creation
Group)
(Joint
()
Monitoring
Committee)
()
(Operation
Plan)
(Ethnic
Armed
Groups
Conference)

() (UNFC)

() ()
()
()
" (MNDAA)"

(/ABSDF)

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()
( )
()
()
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(RCSS)

"
"

()
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()
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() (11 Points of Common Position)
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(Nationwide
Ceasefire
Committee/NCCC) ()
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"
Coordinating
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()
(UWSP/A)
() (NDAA)

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. () - Aung Din
. ()

( )
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(Mr.
Vijay Nambiar) (Mr. Wang Ying

Fan)
"
()
"
"

()"


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"
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()

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"

(RCSS)
"RCSS
RCSS/SSA-North
"

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RCSS
RCSS
(UWSP)
()

"
(NCCT)" ()
""
" "

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moemaka
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( )

( )

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()

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/ /

/ ()
(-)
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moemaka

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() ()
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(/)
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(
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MOEMAKA

( )

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..
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()
()
(Referendum)
(Mixed Economy)

-

()
()
()

(MultiParty System)

(Single Member Constituency)
(Judiciary) (Executive)

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() ()

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(Local Democratic Administration)
(Administrative and
Cultural Autonomy)


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.

-

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- -
- -
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*

-
-

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- ()
MOEMAKA

(God Father)
( )
( )


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(Oxford Concise Dictionary of

Politics) (Dictatorship)

Dictatorship In modern usage, absolute rule unrestricted by law, constitutions, or

other political or social factors within the state. The original dictators, however, were
magistrates in ancient Italian cities (including Rome) who were allocated absolute
power during a period of emergency. Their power was neither arbitrary nor
unaccountable, being subject to law and requiring retrospective justification. There
were no such dictators after the beginning of the second century BC, however, and
later dictators such as Sulla and the Roman emperors conformed more to our image
of the dictator as an autocrat and near-despot.
In the twentieth century the existence of a dictator has been a necessary and (to
some) definitive component of totalitarian regimes; thus Stalins Russia, Hitlers

149

Germany, and Mussolinis Italy were generally referred to as dictatorships. In the

Soviet case the very word and idea of dictatorship were legitimized by Marxs idea
of a dictatorship of proletariat which would follow of revolution and eradicate the
bourgeoisie.

( )
(- ) () (-)
(-)


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MOEMAKA

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()
Whos Who in Burma

()
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Northern
Star
Journal(

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+ ()() ()
() ()
() ()
() ()
() -
()

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()
() -
()
() () ()
(
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-
() ()

(Ph.D) (LL.D)

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() ()
(Prof.F.G.Meggilt)
( )

()

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()
()
MOEMAKA

(Koriyu
Maru)


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()
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() () ()
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() -
()
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()
()
) (
(Formosa)
)
()
()
()

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()
() ()
()
()
()
() () () ()
()
(Sabotage) (Sobversion)
()
(Tamasato)
) ()

(Minami Kikan)

()


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()
Takasugi Susumu
Monya Mosaru
Yamaoka
Nakagawa Ichiro
Monya Hiroshi
Cinda Seiji
Yamashita Teruo
Utsumi Susumu
Otani Horoshi
Baba Takeshi
Tsuchiya
Omoda Monji
Takahashi
Katsura
Omura Tadashi
Kono
Nakamura Hitoshi
Ichihara

167

Taniguchi Shinichi
Ito Hitochi
Kaga Masashi
Itoda Tei-ichi
Osawa
()
Yamada
Tani Kiyoshi
Okawa
()
Hirata Masao
Hayashi
Tsubota Fukuti
Mizuno Saburo
()

168


()
(Burma
National
Army)
()
(A.F.O)


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(
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)
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() ()
() ()

( )

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..
()
()
()


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( )
(Oval Shape)

(

()

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(
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(Burma Rifle)

(Peoples Volunteer Organization)

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()


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(Bo Letyar)
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(
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Categories: For the record, Than WIn Hlaing, U Ne Win


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MOEMAKA

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(Seminar)

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..

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() (Lt.Col. D. R.
Rees Williams)
Confederation

203

()
Letter and Spirit of
the constitution

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206

()

207

Confederation
Federation
decentralization centralization (

208

()
Confederation

confederation

confederation federation

Swiss Confederation
Centralization

()
confederation
()
()


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..

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MOEMAKA

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()


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( - Eugene Taike)


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(Union State)
(Antonomous State) (National Area)

()
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(--)


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discuss
discuss

Schedule List


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- ()

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MOEMAKA

()


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()

-
National Service Act



Interview

..

(O.C
Officer Commanding ) (C.O Commanding Officer)


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MOEMAKA
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(KNU)
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-
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(Lt.Gen.Smith
Dun)
()
()
()
(Sanhurst)


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(Niccolo di Bernardo dei Machiavelli 1469

1577)
(Fort Lauderdale)

(Burma Armed Police Striking Force)


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The Burma
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U.B.A


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()
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() ()

(
)

You three, I three, plus three
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()

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( - )
John Rose Bellamy

( - )
--

(horse race referee)
(Mr.Herbert Bellamy)


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()
(The Purple Plain) (Gregory Peck)

( )

(Mario Posti-glione)

()


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Tuscany

The Associazione
Culturele Artee Gastronomia Orientale Studio


281

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( = + = + = = = )


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( ( )

E Mail - jamesparr007@gmail.com )

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() Unity
()

Unity

( )

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8th
A.D
12th
A.D
()
()
(12th)A.D
(MuhammadBakhtiyanKhaLji)
() ()
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Image
7daynewsjournal.com

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photo*

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BBC, VOA, RFA


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SB

()

http://www.facebook.com/lwinthandarsoe
catalog

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http://www.facebook.com/lwinthandarsoe


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(Y.I.T)
Ref: (1) In New Myanmar, Juntas Evil Prince Wants to Offer His Help by Shibani
Mahtani (source: The Wall Street Journal)
(2) Burmas Feared Ex-Spy Cheif Fids a New Life as a Gallery Owner by Hannah
Beech (Source: Time)
(3) Wikipedia

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MOEMAKA

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KNU

315


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( ) MOEMAKA

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NLD
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(//)
()
() ( )

( )
()
(Photo Credit to D-Waves, Facebook Page)

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()
() MOEMAKA
True News ....
() Adaptability & Rigidity
() Comple_ity & Simplicity

() Autonomy & Subordination
() Coherence & Disunity
Adaptability () Comple_ity () Autonomy (
Coherence ( )

Rigidity ( ) Simplicity ()
Subordination () Disunity ( )-


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( )
....
() () ()

( )

Structural Violence

(Resource)

Structural Violence
Social Injustice
Structural Violence

HIV/AIDS

Structural Violence

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Structural Violence

Structural Violence
Structural Violence

Structural Violence

() Peacekeeping -

()

() Peacemaking -

(Dialogue)
() Peacebuilding -

Peacebuilding
Peacebuilding

Structural Violence

329

Structural Violence

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( )
()
MOEMAKA

"

331

"
China Power Investment (CPI)

332

(John
Boehner)
The Wilson
Center
"
"
()

()
"
"

333

" "
"
"
" "

334

()
( )
MOEMAKA
(The Right to
Terminate) ()
(Termination for Cause or Default) ()
(Termination for Convenience)


335

/
(Material Breach of the Contract)

(A Party to the Contract )

"" (Conditions)

(Terms
of the Contract)
(Damages)

(Material
Breach of the Contract)

()
() ( )

() ()
()
()

() ()


336

"

()

"


337


(/) ()

CPI Yunnan International Power Investment Co.,

Ltd (CPIYN) (Mr. Li Guanghua) "

"
(Ayeyawady Basin Hydropower Projects are Strategic Selection for Myanmar Electric
Power Industry)
"
"


338


339

() - Future of The
Irrawaddy (Part Three)
MOEMAKA
( )

CPI
BANCA
Biodiversity
And
Nature
Conservation
Association
CISPDR Changjiang Institute of

Survey,
Planning,
Design
and
Research

340

CISPDR
(Environmental Impact Assessment) (EIA) CPI
CISPDR EIA
BANCA EIA
BANCA

BANCA
BANCA
EIA CPI
CPI
BANCA
BANCA
CPI

341

BANCA

EIA
CPI BANCA EIA
(Fixed Assets)

342


(The Yacyreta Dam)
(Carlos
Menem)
(Monument
to
Corruption)

343

()


344

Standards)
(The
Chinese
(The
Chinese
Standards)
(The Environmental Impact
Assessment Law)
(Environmental
Impact
Assessment) (EIA)
(Ministry of Environmental Protection)
(MEP)

MEP
Measures
for
Public
Participation
in
Impact
Assessment)
EIA
(Provisional
Environmental
EIA
(The Chinese Standards)
EIA

345

BANCA
(Trade
EIA
Secrets)
(Mekong River Commission)

Environmental
Impact
Catchment
Assessment
()
(EIA)
Ecosystems
and
()
Habitats);
()
(Basin
and
(River Flows and Water Levels); ()

(Flooding Patterns) ;()
(Wetlands Ecosystems and Habitats);
()
(Irrigated
Agriculture); ()
(Population Growth in Relation to Domestic and
Industrial
Water
Use);
()
() (Water Quality, including Suspended Sediments); ()

(Saline Intrusion in
River
Delta);
()
(Riverbank Erosion and Sedimentation/Channel Erosion); ()

(Flood Management in the Lower Basin and Delta); BANCA

EIA

346

CPIYN
(Social) (Environmental) (Ecological)
(Impact
Assessments)
Ennironmental
Impact
Assessment

(EIA)

(Material Breach of
the Contract)


347


348

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