By

S. VIJAYAKUMAR
M. K. SANIL
M. NISHA
T. M. SHABIN ALI
 WASTE
WASTE MANAGEMENT
Collection
An unusable / unwanted  source separation
substance or material.  storage
 transportation
Rejected as worthless.  transfer
 processing
Eg) Rubbish, trash, garbage or  treatment
junk disposal of waste
 WASTE
MANAGEME
NT
@ To extract
maximum
practical
benefits.

@ To generate
minimum
amount of waste.

@ Reduce
negative impacts
- on environment
& society.
TYPES OF WASTES
SOURCES OF WASTES
*Domestic wastes - Eg) paper, plastic,
glass, ceramics, vegetable wastes

*Commercial wastes - Eg) printer paper,

meat remnants

*Ashes - Eg) coal, wood and coke.

- Open burning of wastes also generates
ashes

*Animal Wastes - Eg)dung of animals

- rejected feed
*Biomedical Wastes - Eg) expired drugs,
plastic syringes, surgical dressings

*Construction Wastes - Eg)

metal rods, bricks, cement, concrete,
roofing materials
- digging activities Eg) telephone,
electricity, drainage
*Industrial Solid Wastes -Eg)
garment factory would dump textiles
of various kinds
*Sewer - removed from sewerage -
left on the roadside
*Hazardous wastes - potentially
dangerous
- react explosively with air or water
- Change in the genetic structure of
individuals

*E - Waste - electronics disposed

-E.g.) Secondary computers, electronics,
mobile phones, television sets & refrigerator

*Nuclear waste - containing radioactive

material
- product of a nuclear
fission
Effects of waste If not
managed
Affects our health
Affects our socio-economic conditions
Affects our coastal and marine
environment
Affects our climate
Rise in global temperatures ‘
Rise in sea levels
Methods of Waste Mgmt.
Disposal Methods Recycling
methods
c) Land fills
Convenient a) Biological
Inexpensive
reprocessing
Destruction of food sources b) Energy recovery
Desalination i)Pyrolysis
 Incineration ii)Gasification
Requires minimum land
Can be operated in any
weather Key to providing a livable

Expensive to build and environment for the future

operate Expensive
Continuous maintenance Some wastes cannot be recycled
Technological push needed
 Practical Issues

Lack of awareness
Unplanned growth and development of cities
Land availabilty
Un sorted waste. mixture of bio-degradable
and non bio-degradable
Some wastes cannot be recycled
Unsightly - smell, waste, vermin
requires proper planning, design, and
operation
 Bio-Methanation
Process
Materials that are organic in nature, such as
plant material, food scraps
convert starch or sugary agricultural feed
stock into a methane rich gas mixture
three stages, namely, hydrolysis, acid-genesis
and methane formation
Process is very slow
Installing is expensive.
 Suggestions
 Improve product design to use less materials.
 use biodegradable materials
 maintenance of cleanliness in yards and streets
 At Source Treatment, Separation of materials
should be done at source
 Encourage eople to reuse materials rather
than purchase new ones.
 Case Study
 Name of Project : CochinWaste 2 Energy Pvt Ltd
 Type of Process : BESI W2E Gasification Technology
 Capacity : 35 tons/day
 Land Area : 1 Acre
 Location : Willington Island, Cochin
 Type ofWaste : Industrial effluent Sludge, e-waste,Biomedical
waste,food waste, Wood waste,
 Power Generation : 1 Mega Watt per hour.
 SolidWaste generated from Plant: Recovered sterilized metals for
recycle. Vitrified glass. Inert Ash
 Revenue Stream : Tipping fee. Sale of Power generated. Residue.
Carbon Credits
 Collection Mechanism :Through specially designed enclosed refuse
trucks meeting international norms
 Waste Stream Analysis : School of Environmental Studies,
CUSAT