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FUNCTIONS OF THE KIDNEY
1. Regulation of water and ionic balance
2. Removal of metabolic waste products
and excretion in urine.
3. Removal and urinary excretion of foreign
chemicals from blood
4. Gluconeogenesis
5. Endocrine function
a) Hormones produced by kidney
Renin, Erythropoietin, 1-25diOH Vit D
b) Site of action of other hormones
ADH, Aldosterone, etc.
RENAL BLOOD FLOW

\u202220 \u2013 25% Cardiac output
\u20221 \u2013 1.3 L/min
\u202290% Cortex, 7% outer medulla, 1% inner

medulla.
\u2022High O2 consumption
- 20ml / min (7ml/100g/min)
\u2022Small mass (< 0.5% body mass)
\u2022Therefore low AV DO2 (1-3ml/min)
CONTROL OF RENAL BLOOD FLOW
Intrinsic Mechanisms
a) Autoregulation : Constant perfusion
over MAP 80-180 mmHg
- Myogenic mechanism
- Tubuloglomerular feedback
b) Paracrine
Autocoids - PG & Prostacyclins
Bradykinins
Angiotension, NO, adenosine, endothelin
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