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MECHANICS OF RESPIRATION
ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF THE LUNG
PRESSURE \u2013 VOLUME RELATIONSHIP
Volume 2
above
FRC
1
0
-10
-20
Pressure around lung

(Transpulmonary P = P inside \u2013 P outside)
ELASTIC BEHAVIOUR OF LUNG
i)

ELASTIC TISSUE - Elastin + Collagen
-
Geometric arrangement
ii)
SURFACTANT
III)
INTERDEPENDENCE
Support given by surrounding alveolar units.
SURFACTANT
Substance lining the alveoli which decreases surface tension
Evidence.
200
Saline
Vol ml
100
10
20
Pressure CmH2O
COMPOSITION
Dipalmitoyl lecithin
DPPC - Dipalmitoyl phoshatidyl choline mixture of phospholipids (70%)
Neutral lipids (24%)
BIOSYNTHESIS
1)
N \u2013 demethylation of phosphatidyl ethanolamine (24 weeks)\u2192 Lecithin
2)
Cytidil \u2013 diP-choline
DP Lecithin
Phosphryl \u2013 glyceryl \u2013 transferase > 35 / week
BY Type II alveolar cells

Osmiophilic lamellated bodies
Fast synthesis
Rapid turnover

ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF CHEST WALL
Elastic recoil of thoracic cage tends to pull chest wall outwards whilst elastic recoil
of lung tend to collapse lung inwards.
With the negative intrapleural pressure brought about equilibrium conditions, the
chest wall is pulled inwards and the Lung pulled outwards.
Relaxation PV Curve of lung + chest walls
OUTWARD
INWARD
VOL 100
% VC
LUNG
80
RESTING
C.W.
60
40
FRC
20
RV
0-20
-15
-10
-5
0
+5
10
15
20
AIRWAY PRESSURE CmH2O
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