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SUMMERY OF RESEAR EXPERIENCESOF TARP PROJECT SUPPORTED BYAUSAID in 2007
Prepared by Mr. Chan Bonnivoit,Deputy Bureau Chief of World Trade organization,Ministry of Commerce, CambodiaTARP Regional Seminar on Research on International TradeMonday 12th May 2008, Siem Reap
The Process of the research
At the beginning, the researchers nominated by the Ministry met ourtechnical senior officials and supervisor to discus about our research topicand those objectives and table contents which will be took to present andconsult with the trainers and the mentor during in-Country briefingcourse.In-Country briefing course, some part of the table contents draftedwere yet modified base on the opinion and the advice of the trainers andthe mentors. But the modified draft is not finish, because it depends onthe primary data and secondary data that we have or can research fromthe institutions and the informants concerned. Besides, base on thefinancial support and the timeframe we drafted also our research workplan with the mentor and the trainers in order to coordinate our research’sactivities.After finalizing the research plan and the table contents accorded tothe objectives of the research topic, the formulation of the questionnairesand the literatures search are very significantly in our research process.But some literature’s sources and the way to find the literature andinformation were provided yet by the trainers and the mentor during theregional workshop as well through the e-mail’s exchange.Although we have the questionnaires formulating base on our tablecontents and for conducting of the interview, but conducting of theinterview started with the standard as well with open-ended questions andadded yet new questions during the conducting of the interview. The aimis to allow and to encourage the informants and the institutions todescribe his/her experience in own word relating to our research topic.Data analysis is the important step before the report writing,because the interviews are transcribed and "meaning units" are identified.These are organized into higher-order themes and, finally, over-archingthemes which can be took as the key finding and also the arguments forthe policy’s recommendation in the report. Therefore, consultation andclarification by the mentor and the trainers in the regional progress
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workshop are useful and meaningful for the research team to synthesizeour analysis.Reporting is the difficulty job for the research team, because themesidentified by data analysis are used to construct or describe the structureof the research in a way that is faithful and understandable for thereaders. But through the meeting and regularly consultation with thementor and trainers in the last Country workshop and by e-mail, themes,examples, and frequencies are used, and inferential statistics are usuallyuseful. Implications of the data, e.g., for care-giving or policy-making, aregiven also in the report.Before the dissemination workshop we have the cross-checking of the report. The report is confirmed by showing it to the mentor and oursenior officials who have had experiences and do “experts” know a lot of this issue. After recognizing the report by these people, the key findingand the policy’s recommendations are presented to the people and theinstitutions concerned during the dissemination workshop.
The advantage from the research
Through the research we can improve our research’s capacity andquality that relate to formulating of the table contents accorded to theobjectives of the research, to designing of the research work plan and toconducting the interview.
 
Our research team has had really an ability to understand and writethe English language, but in this research we faced some difficulty relatingto formulate the English sentences for the report in a way that is faithfuland understandable for the readers, because of using technical word andphrase. But with the supporting and correcting from the trainers andmentor we gained some knowledge regarding to the writing skill in orderto improve in writing the report.Our presentation’s skill is also improved during the research period,because in every workshop we should find and raise the critical issues of our research in order to present, to clarify and to consult with the mentor,trainers and other researchers to get the feedback. The presentation skillgained is very significant to help us to improve the presentation’s qualityof our research at a dissemination seminar in which it can be accepted bythe participants in term of technique and artificially presentation.In other hand, by the regional and regional progress workshop wecan exchange the research’s experiences between the researchers whocome from different Country and have the valuable experiences relating tothe quality and quantity’s research. It is pricey knowledge for us tostrengthen our research capacity and experiences.
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Although the TARP project sounds as a training, but the information,the results and the experiences from the research are precious for us asofficial having the responsibility relating to this trade’s issues and perhapsas discussion paper for our Ministry leading currently Cambodian tradepolicy.
Constraints occurred in the research
The analytical skills that are lacking in Cambodia have existed alsofor our research team, because more analytical reflection is requiredstrongly in this research. A strategy for developing research capacity isrequired-it will not just happen without planning. It can be improved in anumber of ways-training, degrees or partnerships with overseas researchorganizations.The access to the data, including the conducting of the interview,was also the problem for the research team. In Cambodia, it is trouble tofind the capacious library that we can search the literatures or data thatwe want to use for the research reference. The alternative way to find thedata is searching data in internet. But usually, it can be faced a constraintby the download of the data, because we used only the private internetshop having always low capacity in receiving the data by the download.On the other hand, at the interview, though we used not only standard,we faced for some time the constraints to get the answers that is fittingand opened in order to take sufficiently for the analysis, because it seemsas “
a answer with a standard
”.The financial support’s delay is also the constraint which can bringthe research into non-motivation and inefficiency. In particular, it is one of the reasons that the research work plan can be delayed.
The political options arising from the research
Changes required 
 -
 
Continue to undertake an effectively work and managementsinvolved in land reforms (social and economic land concessions).-
 
Consider to liberalize land use and land ownership for foreigninvestors.-
 
Promote using of organic rice production and appropriate usingof non-organic fertilizer rice production.-
 
Strongly support to establish the farm community which easierto transfer the modern technology and the information, and tofacilitate the market.-
 
Establish regional training and research institutions.-
 
Attract and convince all kinds of the financial investments anddirect investments into agricultural sector.-
 
Continue to maintain tax exemption on used land, farmer incometax and agricultural input tax.-
 
Accelerate irrigation system and infrastructure development.
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