Section 3-1 answers

15) commutative property of multiplication

17) 4 + 89 + 16
4 + 16 + 89 commutative property
(4 + 16) + 89 associative property
= 109

19) 2  13  50
2  50  13 commutative property
(2  50)  13 associative property
100  13 = 1300

21) 8.8 + (15 + 0.2)

8.8 + 0.2 + 15 commutative property
(8.8 + 0.2) + 15 associative property
9 + 15 = 24

23) 7(19) = 7(10 +9)

7(10) + 7(9)
70 + 63 = 133

25) 12(11) = 12 (10 + 1)

12(10) + 12(1)
120 + 12 = 132
1
27) (42) = 1 (40 + 2)
2 2
1 1
(40) + (2)
2 2
€ 20€ + 1 = 21
€ €
29) distributive property

31) associative property of addition

33) commutative property of addition

35) 13 + 9 + 7 + 11
13 + 7 + 9 + 11 commutative property
(13 + 7) + (9 + 11) associative property
20 + 20 = 40

37) 6 1 + 7 2 + 1
+ 3
2 5 2 5
1 1
6 + + 72 + 3
commutative property
2 2 5 5
1 1
€ (6
€ + € )+ € (7 2 + 3 ) associative property
2 2 5 5
€ €7 + €8 = €15
€ € € €
47) 24 + 19 + 26 + 21
24 + 26 + 19 + 21 commutative property
(24 + 26) + (19 + 21) associative property
50 + 40 = 90 inches

48) No; 8 ÷ 2 = 4 and 2 ÷ 8 = 1 , so 8 ÷ 2 ≠ 2 ÷ 8.

4
Therefore, division is not commutative.
€
49) The sentence
€ € should read,
€ “You can
€ use the
€
Commutative Property of Addition…”
50) The total number of cans is 5  24. By the distributive
property, 5  24 = 5(20 + 4) = 5  20 + 5  4 = 100 + 20 =
120, so there are 120 cans.

51) 12  ( 1 + 1
+ 1)
3 6 4
1 1 1
12  + 12  + 12  distributive property
3 6 4
€ 4 +€ 2 +€3 =9
€ € €