Dng 2 : Tm ch s tn cng ca mt s

a)Tm mt ch s tn cng ca an :
-Nu a c ch s tn cng l 0; 1; 5 hoc 6 th an ln lt c ch s tn cng
ln lt l 0; 1; 5 hoc 6.
-Nu a c ch s tn cng l 2, 3 hoc 7, ta vn dng nhn xt sau vi k Z
24k 6 (mod 10)
34k 1 (mod 10)
74k 1 (mod 10)
Do tm ch s tn cng ca an vi a c ch s tn cng l 2; 3; 7
ta ly n chia cho 4. Gi s n = 4k + r vi r {0; 1; 2; 3}
Nu a 2 (mod 10) th an 2n = 24k + r 6.2r (mod 10)
Nu a 3 (mod 10) hoc a 7 (mod 10) th an a4k + r ar (mod 10)
V d 1 : Tm ch s cui cng ca cc s :
a) 62009 ,

b) 92008 ,

c) 32009 ,

d) 22009

Gii :
a) 62009 c ch s tn cng l 6 (v 6 khi nng ln lu tha vi s m t
nhin khc 0 vn bng chnh s 6)
b) 92008 = (92)1004 = 811004 = 1 c ch s tn cng l 1

91991 = 91990.9 = (92)995.9 = 81995.9 = (1).9 = 9 c ch s tn cng l 9

Nhn xt : S c ch s tn cng l 9 khi nng ln lu tha vi s m t
nhin chn khc 0 no th ch s tn cng l 1, khi nng ln lu tha vi s
m t nhin l th c s tn cng l 9.
c) 32009 = (34)502.3 = 81502.3 = ( 1).3 = 3 c ch s tn cng l 3.
d) 22009 = 22008.2 = (24)502.2 = 16502.2 = ( 6).2 = 2 c ch s tn cng l
2
V d 2 : Tm ch s tn cng ca cc s sau :
a) 421 , b) 3103 , c) 84n + 1 (n N) d) 1423 + 2323 + 7023
Gii :
a) 430 = 42.15 = (42)15 = 1615 = 6 c ch s tn cng l 6
421 = 420 + 1 = (42)10.4 = 1610.4 = (6).4 = 4 c ch s tn cng l 4
Nhn xt : S no c s tn cng l 4 th khi nng ln lu tha vi s
m t nhin chn th c s tn cng l 6, khi nng ln vi s m t nhin l
c s tn cng l 4)
b) 3103 = 3102.3 = (32)51.3 = 951.3 = ( 9).3 = 7 c ch s tn cng l 7
c) 84n + 1 = 84n.8 = (23)4n.8 = 212n.8 = (24)3n.8 = 163n.8 = (6).8 = . 8 c ch
s tn cng l 8
d) 1423 = 1422.14 = ( 6).14 = . 4

2323 = 2322.23 = (232)11.23 = ( 9).23 = 7

7023 = 0
Vy : 1423 + 2323 + 7023 = 4 + 7 + 0 = 1 c ch s tn cng l 1
b)Tm hai s tn cng ca s an :
Ta c nhn xt sau :
220 76 (mod 100)
320 01 (mod 100)
65 76 (mod 100)
74 01 (mod 100)
M 76n 76 (mod 100) vi n 1
5n 25 (mod 100) vi n 2
Suy ra kt qu sau vi k l s t nhin khc 0.
a20k 00 (mod 100) nu a 0 (mod 10)
a20k 01 (mod 100) nu a 1; 3; 7; 9 (mod 10)
a20k 25 (mod 100) nu a 5 (mod 10)
a20k 76 (mod 100 nu a 2; 4; 6; 8 (mod 10)
Vy tm hai ch s tn cng ca an, ta ly s m n chia cho 20

Bi 1 : Tm hai ch s tn cng ca 22003

Gii :
Ta c : 220 76 (mod 100) => 220k 76 (mod 100)
Do : 22003 = 23.(220)100 = 8.(220)100 = ( 76).8 = 08
Vy 22003 c hai ch s tn cng l 08.