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3
Time (By)

Heat Production (TW)


50
100
150

Temperature (K)
1000 2000 3000

Isoviscous
Temperature-dependent

c)

Heat Flow (W/m2 )


0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80

a)

2
3
Time (By)

2
3
Time (By)

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Final Temperature (K)
2000 4000 6000

pd=1020 Pa s
pd=1021 Pa s
pd=1022 Pa s

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.30

0.35

0.40

Final Temperature (K)


2000 4000 6000

b) Rac = 87.79

0.15

0.20

0.25

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Q
1

a) Vanishing Lower Thermal Boundary Layer in Top Layer

Qs
Ttop

Ts

Tbottom

Dtop

Qb

Dbottom

b) Symmetric Thermal Boundary Layers in Top Layer

Qs
Ts

Ttop

Tb

Tbottom

Dtop

Qb

Dbottom

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a) Vanishing TBL in Top Layer

b) Symmetric TBLs in Top Layer

2
3
Time (Byr)

Temperature (K)
2000
4000

Temperature (K)
2000
4000

Top Layer
Bottom Layer
Boundary

2
3
Time (Byr)

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Q
1

Layer Too Hot

Boundary Depth = 1600 km

Top Layer Too Cool


Satisfies Constraints

Vanishing Lower

Symmetric TBLs

TBL in Top Layer

in Top Layer
E = 0 kJ / mol

22
= 10

21
= 10

20
= 10

Rac = 1100

pd
pd
pd

0.10

pd
pd
pd

0.15

0.20

0.25

22
= 10
21
= 10
20
= 10

0.30 0.33

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30 0.33

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30 0.33

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30 0.33

E = 525 kJ / mol

22
= 10

= 1021

= 1020

pd
pd
pd

0.10

pd
pd
pd

0.15

0.20

0.25

22
= 10
= 1021
= 1020

0.30 0.33

0.10

E = 0 kJ / mol

= 1022

= 1021

= 1020

Rac = 87.79

pd
pd
pd

0.10

pd
pd
pd

0.15

0.20

0.25

= 1022
= 1021
= 1020

0.30 0.33

0.10

E = 525 kJ / mol

= 1022

= 1021

= 1020

pd
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pd

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= 1021
= 1020

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