NORMAL RANGE OF FINDINGS ABNORMAL FINDINGS THE GENERAL SURVEY Physical Appearance ‘Age—The person appears his or her stated age. ‘Sex—Sexual development is appropriate for gender and age. Level of consciousness—The person is alert and oriented, attends to your ‘questions and responds appropriately. Skin color—Color tone is even, pigmentation varying with genetic back- ground, skin is intact with no obvious lesions. Facial features—Facial features are symmetric with movement. No signs of acute distress are present. Body Structure Stature—The height appears within normal range for age, genetic heritage (see Measurement, p. 178). Nutrition—The weight appears within normal range for height and body build; body fat distribution is even ‘Symmetry—Body parts look equal bilaterally and are in relative proportion, to each other. ‘Appears older than stated age, as with ‘chronic illness, chronic alcoholism, Delayed or precocious puberty. Confused, drowsy, lethargic (see Table 7-8, Levels of Consciousness). Pallor, cyanosis, jaundice, erythema, any lesions (see Chapter 12) immobile, _masklike, asymmetric, drooping (see Table 13-5, Abnormal Fa- cial Appearances with Chronic liness). Respiratory signs—shortness of breath, wheezing. Pain, indicated by facial grimace, hold- ing body part. Excessively short or tall (see Table 10-6, Abnormalities in Body Height and Pro- portion). Cachectic, emaciated. Simple obesity, with even fat distribution. Centripetal (truncal) obesity—fat con- ccentrated in face, neck, trunk, with thin extremities, as in Cushing's syndrome (hyperadrenalism) (see Table 10-6). Unilateral atrophy or hypertrophy. ‘Asymmetric location of a body part.