Giao An Tu Chon Hoa 10 Co Ban

Giao an TC 10CB
Ngy son 16/08/2010

Tit TC 1
bi tp p dng mt s cng thc tnh ton

trong ha hc
------------------I.
Mc tiu bi hc
1. Kin thc
Cng c cc kin thc hc chng trnh ha hc THCS.
n tp cc kin thc v tnh cht ha hc ca cc cht.
2. K nng
Rn luyn k nng tnh ton cho hc sinh.
Vn dng cc kin thc hc gii cc bi tp.
II.
Trng tm
Cc cng thc tnh ton trong ha hc.
III.
Chun b
Gio vin: H thng bi tp v cu hi gi .

Hc sinh: n tp cc kin thc hc.
IV.
Phng php
m thoi gi m hot ng nhm.
V.
Ni dung ln lp
1. n nh lp
2. Kim tra bi c
Kt hp trong qu trnh dy hc.
3. Cc hot ng dy hc
Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n
Giao an TC 10CB
Tnh theo phng trnh ha hc

Cch gii chung:
- Vit v cn bng PTHH.
- Tnh s mol ca cht bi cho.
- Da vo PTHH, tm s mol cc cht m bi yu cu.
- Tnh ton theo yu cu ca bi (khi lng, th tch cht kh).
1.Dng ton c bn :
Cho bit lng mt cht (c th cho bng gam, mol, V (ktc) , cc i lng v nng
dd, tan, t khi cht kh), tm lng cc cht cn li trong mt phn ng ha hc.
Cch gii :
Bi ton c dng : a M + b B
cC+dD
(Trong cc cht M, B, C, D: c th l mt n cht hay 1 hp cht)

- Tnh s mol ca cht bi cho.
- Da vo PTHH, tm s mol cc cht m bi yu cu.
- Tnh ton theo yu cu ca bi.
* Trng hp 1: Cho dng trc tip bng : gam, mol.
V d1: Cho kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi 0,6 mol HCl. Xc nh khi l ng
kim loi dng.
Gii: Ta c phng trnh phn ng:
Mg
+ 2HCl > MgCl2 + H2
1mol
2mol
x (mol)
0,6 (mol)
x = 0,6. 1 / 2 = 0,3 (mol) mMg = n.M = 0,3. 24 = 7,2 (g)

*Trng hp 2: Cho dng gin tip bng : V(ktc)
V d2: Cho kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi dung dch HCl. thu c 6,72 lt
kh (ktc) . Xc nh khi lng kim loi dng.
Gii
Tm : nH2 =
6, 72
= 0,3 (mol)
22, 4
Giao an TC 10CB
Ta c phng trnh phn ng:

Mg
+ 2HCl > MgCl2 + H2
1mol
1mol
x (mol)
0,3 (mol)
x = 0,3. 1 / 1 = 0,3 (mol) mMg = n.M = 0,3. 24 = 7,2 (g)

*Trng hp 3: Cho dng gin tip bng : mdd, c%
V d 3: Cho kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi 100g dung dch HCl 21,9%. Xc
nh khi lng kim loi dng.
Gii Ta phi tm n HCl phn ng ?
p dng : C % =
n HCl =
mct.100%
mdd
m HCl =
mdd .c%
100.21,9
=
= 21,9 (g)
100%
100
21,9
m
=
= 0,6 (mol)
36,5
M
*Tr v bi ton 1: Cho kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi 0,6 mol HCl. Xc nh
khi lng kim loi dng.
(Gii nh v d 1)
*Trng hp 4: Cho dng gin tip bng : Vdd, CM
V d 4 : Cho kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi 100 ml dung dch HCl 6 M. Xc
nh khi lng kim loi dng.
Gii: Tm n HCl = ? p dng : CM =
n
n HCl = CM.V = 6.0,1 = 0,6 (mol)
V
(Gii nh v d 1)
*Trng hp 5: Cho dng gin tip bng : mdd, CM ,d (g/ml)
V d 5 : Cho kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi 120 g dung dch HCl 6 M ( d=
1,2 g/ml). Xc nh khi lng kim loi dng.
Gii: Tm n HCl = ?
- Tm Vdd (da vo mdd, d (g/ml)): t d =
=0,1(l)
m
V
Vdd H Cl =
120
m
=
= 100 (ml)
1, 2
d
Giao an TC 10CB
- Tm n HCl = ? p dng : CM =
n
n HCl = CM. V = 6. 0,1 = 0,6 (mol)
V
(Gii nh v d 1)
*Trng hp 6: Cho dng gin tip bng : Vdd, C%, d (g/ml)
V d 6 : Cho kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi 83,3 ml dung dch HCl 21,9 %
( d= 1,2 g/ml). Xc nh khi lng kim loi dng.
Gii:
Tm n HCl = ?
- Tm m dd (da vo Vdd, d (g/ml)): t d =
m
mdd H Cl = V.d = 83,3 . 1,2 = 100
V
(g) dd HCl.
p dng : C % =
n HCl =
mct.100%
mdd
m HCl =
mdd .c%
100.21,9
=
= 21,9 (g)
100%
100
21,9
m
=
= 0,6 (mol)
36,5
M
(Gii nh v d 1)
Vn dng 6 dng ton trn:
Ta c th thit lp c 9 bi ton tm cc i lng lin quan n nng
dung dch( C%, CM., mdd, Vdd, khi lng ring ca dd(d(g/ml)) ca cht phn ng).
1. Cho 7,2 g kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi 100g dung dch HCl . Xc nh
nng % dd HCl cn dng.
2. Cho 7,2 g kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi dung dch HCl 21,9% . Xc nh
khi lng dd HCl cn dng.
3. Cho 7,2 g kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi 100 ml dung dch HCl .Xc nh
nng Mol/ lt dd HCl cn dng.
4. Cho 7,2 g kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi dung dch HCl 6M .Xc nh th
tch dd HCl cn dng.
5.
Cho 7,2 g kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi dung dch HCl 6 M ( d = 1,2
g/ml). Xc nh khi lng dd HCl cn dng.
Giao an TC 10CB
6. Cho 7,2 g kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi 120g dung dch HCl ( d = 1,2
g/ml). Xc nh nng mol/lt dd HCl cn dng.
7. Cho 7,2 g kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi dung dch HCl 21,9%( d = 1,2
g/ml). Xc nh th tch dd HCl cn dng.
8. Cho 7,2 g kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi 120 g dung dch HCl 6 M . Xc
nh khi lng ring dd HCl cn dng.
9. Cho 7,2 g kim loi Mg phn ng hon ton vi 83,3 ml dung dch HCl 21,9% . Xc
nh khi lng ring dd HCl cn dng.
4. Cng c, dn d
G nhc li cc bc lm bi tp ha hc:
B1. i cc d kin khng c bn v s mol.
B2. Vit pthh.
B3. Thit lp t l mol vi cc d kin t bi tm ra mi lin h gia cc i
lng cn tm m bi yu cu.
5. Hng dn v nh
n tp cc kin thc hc hc tt chng trnh ha hc THPT.
VI.
Rt kinh nghim, b sung
Giao an TC 10CB
Ngy son 19/08/2010

Tit TC 2
bi tp tnh khi lng nguyn t

------------------I.
Mc tiu bi hc
1. Kin thc
Cng c cc kin thc v thnh phn nguyn t.
Hc sinh hiu c im cu to nguyn t.
2. K nng
II.
Trng tm
Cc i lng quy i gia cc n v tnh khi lng nguyn t.
III.
Chun b

IV.
Phng php
m thoi gi m nu vn hot ng nhm.

V.
Ni dung ln lp
1. n nh lp
2. Kim tra bi c
3. Cc hot ng dy hc
Bi 1. c im cu to ca nguyn t?
Giao an TC 10CB
Mt hc sinh tr li di hnh thc ktra bi c.

Bi 2. Cu to ca v nguyn t?
Bi 3. Cu to ca ht nhn nguyn t?
Bi 4. Tnh th tch ca 1 nguyn t hiro bit n c ng knh 0,53
HS vn dng kin thc v ton hc nh tnh th tch hnh cu.

Mt HS vn dng lm bi.
Bi 5. GV v HS lm bi tp trong SGK.
Bi 1. B: p, n.
Bi 2. D: n, p, e.
Bi 3. C: 600m.
Bi 4.
T s v khi lng ca electron so vi proton:
T s v khi lng ca electron so vi ntron:
Bi 5.
a. Tnh khi lng ring ca nguyn t km (g/cm3): khi lng tnh ra gam ca 1 cm3 nguyn t
km.
Th tch ca 1 nguyn t km V =
r = 1,35.10-1 nm = 1,35.10-8 cm
V=
= 10,30. 10-24 (cm3)
Giao an TC 10CB
Khi lng ca mt nguyn t km l

65.1,66.10-24 = 107,9.10-24 (g)
Vy khi lng ring ca nguyn t km l
=10,48 (g/cm3)
Thc t trong tinh th, cc nguyn t km chim hn 70% th tch, phn cn li l rng nn thc
t khi lng ring ca km l 7,3 g/cm3
b. Khi lng ring ca ht nhn nguyn t km
(Tng t trn). Kt qu l 3,22.1015 g/cm3
4. Cng c, dn d
G nhc li cu to nguyn t
Gm lp v v ht nhn.
V c cu to bi cc ht electron.
Ht nhn c cu to bi cc ht proton v electron.
5. Hng dn v nh
n tp cc kin thc v thnh phn nguyn t.
VI.
GV ra mt s bi tp HS vn dng lm bi:
Bi 1. Cho bit nguyn t N c 7e, 7p v 8n. Tnh khi lng nguyn t N.
Bi 2. Tnh in tch ht nhn ca nguyn t O c 8e.
Giao an TC 10CB
Ngy son 29/08/2010

Tit TC 3
bi tp v ht nhn nguyn t
nguyn t ha hc
------------------I.
Mc tiu bi hc
1. Kin thc
Sau tit hc ny hc sinh c th:
2.
Hiu r cu to nguyn t ca cc nguyn t.

Tnh c khi lng nguyn t tuyt i ca cc nguyn t.
Tnh c s electron, s proton, s ntron trong nguyn t cc nguyn t.
K nng
Giao an TC 10CB

II.
Trng tm
Cc loi ht c bn trong nguyn t.
III.
Chun b

IV.
Phng php
m thoi gi m nu vn hot ng nhm.

V.
Ni dung ln lp
1. n nh lp
2. Kim tra bi c
3. Cc hot ng dy hc
Bi 1: Hy ch ra cu khng ng trong s cc cu sau:

A. Nguyn t no cng c cu to gm 2 phn : v v ht nhn.
B. Nhng nguyn t c cng in tch ht nhn th thuc cng mt nguyn t ha hc.
C. Ht nhn nguyn t Hidro lun ch c 1 proton.
7
D. Nguyn t 3 X c tng s ht mang in t hn s ht khng mang in l 1 ht.
Bi 2: Bit rng nguyn t st c 26 proton, 30 ntron. Hy:
-
Tnh khi lng nguyn t tuyt i ca nguyn t st.

Tnh nguyn t khi ca st.
Tnh khi lng st c cha 1 kg electron.
Tr li:
V nguyn t trung ha v in nn s electron = s proton = 26.

mp = 26.1,6726.10-27 (kg) = 43,4876.10-27 (kg).
mn = 30.1,6748.10-27 (kg) = 50,2440.10-27 (kg).
Giao an TC 10CB
me = 26.9,1094.10-31 (kg) = 23,6844.10-30 (kg).

93,7553.10-27
= 56,47738 (vC) 1 mol Fe = 56,4773g.
1,66005.10-27
1
= 0,109777.1031 (ht).
- S electron c trong 1 kg electron l:
9,1094.10-31
0,109777.1031
= 70135,9 mol.
- n Fe =
26.6,02.1023
- mFe = 70135,9 . 56,4773 3961086g 3961 kg.
Bi 3: Mt nguyn t R c tng s ht l 155. S ht khng mang in t hn s ht mang in l 33.
Tm s proton, s khi v tn R.
-
KLNT tuyt i ca st l:
p s: Z = ; A = ; .
Bi 4: Mt nguyn t R c tng s ht l 82. S ht mang in gp 1,733 ln s ht khng mang in.
Tm s proton, s khi v tn R.
p s: Z = ; A = ; .
Bi 5: Mt nguyn t R c tng s cc loi ht l 28. Tm s proton, s khi v tn R. V cho bit R l
kim loi, phi kim hay kh him.
p s: Flo.
4. Cng c, dn d
G nhc li cu to ht nhn c cu to bi cc ht proton v ntron.
5. Hng dn v nh
n tp cc kin thc v thnh phn nguyn t.
VI.
Ngy son 02/09/2010

Tit TC 4
BI TP V NG V
------------------I.
MC TIU BI HC
Giao an TC 10CB
1. Kin thc
HS vn dng c kin thc v cu to nguyn t, mi lin h gia cc i lng trong nguyn t
vi cc i lng lin quan trong ht nhn nguyn t.
HS hiu c c im cu to ca nguyn t.
2. K nng
Vn dng kin thc hc gii bi tp.
II.
TRNG TM
Ht nhn nguyn t v cc i lng lin quan.
III.
CHUN B

Hc sinh: n tp cc kin thc hc v ht nhn nguyn t.
IV.
PHNG PHP
m thoi gi m - nu vn - hot ng nhm.

V.
NI DUNG LN LP
1. n nh lp
2. Kim tra bi c
3. Cc hot ng dy hc
Bi 1.
Tnh thnh phn phn % cc ng v ca cacbon. Bit cacbon trong t nhin tn
ti hai ng v bn l 12C v 13C v c khi lng nguyn t trung bnh l 12,011.
p n: %12C = 98,9% v % 13C = 1,1%.
Bi 2.
Khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca brm l 79,91. Trong t nhin brm c hai ng
v trong mt ng v l 79Br chim 54,5%. Tm s khi ca ng v cn li.
Giao an TC 10CB
p n: S khi ng v cn li l 81.
Bi 3.
Khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca Ag l 107,88. Trong t nhin bc c hai ng v,
trong ng v 109Ag chim hm lng 44%. Xc nh s khi ca ng v cn li.
p n: S khi ng v cn li l 107.
Bi 4.
Ho tan 4,84g Mg kim loi bng dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 0,4g kh hiro.
a, Xc khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca Mg.
b, Mg kim loi cho trn bao gm hai ng v trong c ng v
s khi ca ng v cn li bit t s ca hai loi ng v l 4:1.
24
Mg. Xc nh
p n: a) KLNT TB ca Mg = 24, 2. b) S khi ng v kia l 25.

Bi 5.
Mt thanh ng cha 2mol ng. Trong thanh ng c hai loi ng v l 63Cu v
64
Cu vi hm lng tng ng bng 25% v 75%. Hi thanh ng nng bao nhiu
gam.
p n: Khi lng thanh ng nng 127,5 gam.
Bi 6.
Dung dch A cha 0,4mol HCl trong clo c hai loi ng v l 35Cl v 37Cl vi t
l 35Cl : 37Cl =75: 25. Nu cho dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 d th thu
c bao nhiu gam kt ta.
p n: Khi lng kt ta = 57,4 gam.
Bi 7.
Oxi c ba ng v l 16O, 17O v 18O. Tnh khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca oxi
bit phn trm cc ng v tng ng l x1, x2 v x3 trong :
x1=1,5x2
x1- x2= 21x3
p n: KLNT TB ca oxi = 16,14.

4. Cng c, dn d
Giao an TC 10CB
GV yu cu HS nhc li khi nim ng v, cng thc tnh nguyn t khi trung bnh.
5. Hng dn v nh
Bi 1.
Mt nguyn t X c hai ng v m s nguyn t c t l 27: 23. ht nhn th nht
c 35 proton v 44 notron. Ht nhn ca ng v th hai hon ng v th nht 2
notron. Tnh khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca X.
p n: KLNT TB cua X = 79,92.
Bi 2.
Khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca hiro iu ch t nc l 1,008. C bao nhiu
nguyn t 2H trong 1ml nc(d=1g/ml). Bit hiro c hai ng v ph bin l 1H v
2
H.
p n: C 5,35. 1022 nguyn t.
Bi 3.
Khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca B bng 10,81. Bo c hai ng v l 10B v 11B.
Hi c bao nhiu ng v 11B trong123,68 gam axit orthoboric H3BO3 (M=61,84vC).
Cho bit s Avogadro = 6,023. 1023
p n: S ng v 11B = 2. 0,8111. 6,023. 1023 = 9,77. 1023
VI.
RT KINH NGHIM, B SUNG
Ngy son 10/09/2010

Tit TC 5
OBITAN NGUYN T,
CCH VIT CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T
------------------I.
MC TIU BI HC
Giao an TC 10CB
1. Kin thc
HS bit c khi nim obitan nguyn t, vn dng c kin thc v cu to nguyn t vit cu
hnh electron nguyn t.
HS hiu c cc quy tc v nguyn l vit cu hnh electron.
2. K nng
II.
TRNG TM
Obitan nguyn t.
III.
CHUN B

IV.
PHNG PHP

V.
NI DUNG LN LP
1. n nh lp
2. Kim tra bi c
Cu hnh electron nguyn t?
3. Cc hot ng dy hc
Hot ng ca gio vin v hc sinh
Ni dung bi ging
Hoat ong 1 :
G ve hnh am may e e neu : cac e
chuyen ong khong theo quy ao , ch
co the xac nh c xac suat co
mat cua e .
G nhan manh am may e do 1 e tao
nen .
I. THUYET HIEN AI (THUYET OBITAN

NGUYEN T):
a) S chuyen ong e trong nguyen t :
-Cac e chuyen ong quanh hat nhan
khong theo 1 quy ao xac nh vi van
toc vo cung ln tao thanh am may
electron.
- Nguyen t co 1 e chuyen ong

tao thanh vung khong gian co hnh
cau
Giao an TC 10CB
- Nguyen t co nhieu e chuyen

ong tao thanh nhng vung khong
gian co hnh dang khac nhau
b) Obitan nguyen t (k hieu la AO) :
Hoat ong 2 :
La khoang khong gian xung quanh hat
H nghien cu SGKNC va neu nh ngha
nhan co mat o electron xuat hien
obitan nguyen t
nhieu nhat ( 95 % )
am may electron
Hoat ong 3 :
H nhan xet hnh anh cac obitan nguyen
t
G neu hng cac obitan
Obitan nguyen t
II HNH DANG OBITAN NGUYEN T :

-Obitan s co dang qua cau .
y
x
x
z
- Obitan p: gom 3 obitan Px, Py, Pz co hnh
so 8 noi nh hng theo cac truc x, y, z.
Hoat ong 4 :
G : moi phan lp khac nhau trong cung
1 lp co mc nang lng khac nen
cac obitan trong moat phan lp khac
nhai .
H nhac lai hnh dang va ac iem cua
obitan
G neu phng hng cac obitan
- Obitan d, f co hnh dang phc tap.

III- SO OBITAN TRONG MOT PHAN LP:
- Trong mot phan lp cac obitan co
cung mc nang lng nhng khac nhau
ve s ng hng trong khong gian
- Phan lp s: co 1 obitan co dang hnh
cau
- Phan lp p: co 3 obitan px , py, pz nh
hng theo
cac truc x, y, z.
- Phan lp d: co 5 obitan nh hng
khac nhau trong khong gian
- Phan lp f co 7 obitan nh hng khac
Giao an TC 10CB
Hoat ong 5 :
H chng minh tai sao so obitan trong 1
lp c tnh theo co ng thc n 2
G nhan manh n2 ch ung t lp 1
en lp 4 .
Hoat ong 6 :
H khai quat ve electron , lp e , phan
lp e .
G ket luan : Moi e trong 1 phan lp e
co mc nang lng xac nh nang
lng obitan nguyen t .
Hoat ong 7 :
H nghien cu hnh 1.12 trong SGK e rut
ra trat t mc nang lng .
Hoat ong 8 :
H nghien cu SGKNC cho biet the nao
la o lng t , noi dung nguyen ly
Pauli , cac k hieu e trong 1 o lng t ,
cach tnh so e toi a trong 1 phan lp ,
1 lp .
H chng minh so e toi a c tnh theo
cong thc 2 n2 va cong thc nay ch
ung vi trng hp lp 1 en lp 4 .
Hoat ong 9 :
H nghien cu SGK cho biet noi dung
nguyen ly vng ben va ap dung
nguyen ly e phan bo e cua nguyen
t vao obitan .
nhau
VI- SO OBITAN TRONG MOT LP: n2
- Lp 1 ( K ) co 1 obitan
- Lp 2 ( L ) co 4 obitan
- Lp 3 ( M ) co 9 obitan
- Lp 4 ( N ) co 16 obitan .
VII NANG LNG CUA ELECTRON TRONG
NGUYEN T :
1 - Mc nang lng obitan nguyen t : la
mc nang lng xac nh cua moi e tren
moi obitan
Cac e tren cac obitan cua cung
phan lo co mcnang lng bang nhau
.
2 Trat t mc nang lng :
1s2s2p3s3p4s3d4s4p5s4d5p6s
Co s chen mcnang lng : 3d sau
4s . . .
VIII- CAC NGUYEN LY VA QUY TAC
PHAN BO ELECTRON TRONG NGUYEN T
:
1 - Nguyen l Pau li :
a) O lng t:
Moi obitan bieu dien bang 1 o vuong
goi la o lng t:
Vd: - Obitan s :
- Obitan p :
- Obitan d :
b) Nguyen l Pau li:

Trong mot obitan ch co the
cha nhieu nhat la hai e va hai e nay
chuyen ong t quay khac chieu nhau
xung quanh truc rieng cua moi e .
2 electron ghep oi
oc than
1 electron
c) So e toi a co trong 1 phan lp

va trong 1 lp:
So electron toi a co trong 1

phan lp:
Giao an TC 10CB
Phan lp s : cha toi a 2e
Phan lp p: co toi a 6e

- Phan lp d co 10e:

Hoat ong 10 :
H nghien cu SGK cho biet noi dung quy
tac Hund va van dung quy tac e
phan e len cac o lng t trong
nguyen t C , B .
* So electron toi a co trong mot lp:

2n2
- Lp K ( n = 1 ) cha toi a 2 electron
- Lp L ( n = 2 ) cha toi a 8 electron
- Lp M ( n = 3 ) cha toi a 18 electron
- Lp N ( n = 4 ) cha toi a 32 electron
2 Nguyen ly vng ben :
trang thai c ban , trong nguyen
t cac e chiem cac obitan theo mc nang
lng t thap en cao
V du :
1
1H : 1s
2
2He : 1s
2
1
3Li : 1s 2s
3- Qui tac Hun ( Hund ) :
Trong cung mot phan lp, cac electron
se phan bo tren cac obitan sao cho co
so electron oc than la toi a va cac
electron nay co chieu t quay giong nhau
VD: B ( Z = 5 ): 1s22s22p1
C ( Z = 6 ): 1s22s22p2
4. Cng c, dn d
GV yu cu HS vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca Ca (Z=20) sau phn b electron ln
cc obitan.
Giao an TC 10CB
5. Hng dn v nh
Xem li bi cu hnh electron.
VI.
Ngy son 14/09/2010

Tit TC 6
BI TP TNG HP V CC HT p, n, e
------------------I.
MC TIU BI HC
1. Kin thc
HS bit vn dng kin thc tng hp lp c mi lin h gia cc ht trong nguyn t.
HS bit vn dng kin thc hc mt cch tng hp.
HS vit cu hnh electron, xc nh loi nguyn t.
2. K nng
II.
TRNG TM
Mi lin h gia cc ht trong nguyn t.

Giao an TC 10CB
III.
CHUN B

IV.
PHNG PHP

V.
NI DUNG LN LP
1. n nh lp
2. Kim tra bi c
3. Cc hot ng dy hc
Hot ng ca gio vin v hc sinh

GV yu cu HS nhc li cu to nguyn t, thnh
phn cc ht cu to nn nguyn t.
HS lng nghe v ghi nh thng tin.
GV ra bi tp, sau yu cu HS tm tt bi
ri gii.
Ni dung bi ging
Bi 1. Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht

proton, ntron v electron l 180. Trong tng cc
ht mang in chim 58,89% tng s ht .
a. Tnh s ht p, n, e trong nguyn t ca nguyn t
X.
Bg:
b. Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t X, X l kim loi,
a. Gi tng s ht p, n, e trong nguyn t X l: P, N, phi kim hay kh him?
E.
Nguyn t trung ha in do P = E = Z
Khi : 2Z + N = 180
V theo d kin bi: 2Z = 58,89%.180
=>Z=P=E=53
N=74
b. T Z=53
Cu hnh electron nguyn t:
1s2 2s22p6 3s23p63d10 4s24p64d10 5s25p5
X l phi kim v lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t X c 7
electron.
Bi 2. Vit cu hnh e, tm s hiu nguyn t trong
cc trng hp sau:
1) Nguyn t A c s e phn lp 3d ch
bng mt na phn lp 4 s.
2) Nguyn t B c ba lp e vi 7e lp ngoi
Giao an TC 10CB
cng .
3) Ba nguyn t X, Y, Z c s hiu ln lt
l ba s nguyn lin tip, tng s e ca 3
nguyn t l 39.
GV yu cu HS nhc li cch vit cu hnh electron
nguyn t theo tng bc, lu HS khi vit bc 2:
cc e phn b theo th t tng dn ca mc nng
lng vi nguyn tc l phn lp c MNL thp bo
ha trc.
Bi 3. Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong 2
nguyn t kim loi A v B l 142, trong tng s
ht mang in nhiu hn tng s ht khng mang
in l 42. S ht mang in ca nguyn t B nhiu
hn ca A l 12.
* Xc nh 2 kim loi A, B. Cho bit s hiu
nguyn t ca mt s nguyn t: Na(Z = 11), Mg(Z
= 12), Ca(Z=20), Al(Z = 13), K(Z = 19), Fe(Z = 26),
Cu (Z=29), Zn(Z = 30).
* Vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch A t
mui cacbonat ca A v iu ch B t mt oxit ca
B.
( thi H khi B nm 2003)
GV phn loi cc dng ton v cc loi ht trong
nguyn t.
Dng 1.T cu ta nguyn t suy ra cu hnh
electron nguyn t.
Dng 2. T cu hnh e nguyn t suy ra c im
ca loi nguyn t v s e lp ngoi cng, tm loi
nguyn t s, p, d, f.
Dng 3. Lp mi lin h gia cc loi ht trong
nguyn t.
HS ghi nh thng tin rt ra pp lm tng bi tp.
HS lm bi 3.
Bg:
Hai nguyn t kim loi A v B.
Gi tng s ht p, n, e trong nguyn t ca mi
nguyn t A, B ln lt l: P, P, N, N, E, E.
Lp mi lin h gia cc d kin trong bi gii ra.
4. Cng c, dn d
Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca Mn (Z=25) sau phn b electron c mc nng lng
cao nht ln cc obitan.
5. Hng dn v nh
Giao an TC 10CB
Cu 1. Nguyn t nguyn t X c tng cc loi ht l 34. S khi ca nguyn t nguyn t X l:

A. 9
B. 23
C. 39
D. 14.
Cu 2. Nguyn t ca nguyn t Y c cu to bi 36 ht .Trong ht nhn; ht mang in bng s ht

khng mang in.
1/ S n v in tch ht nhn Z l :
A. 10
B. 11
C. 12
D.15
C. 25
D. 27
2/ S khi A ca ht nhn l :
A . 23
B. 24
Cu 3. Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht l 40 .Tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng s ht

khmg mang in l 12 ht .Nguyn t X c s khi l :
A. 27
B. 26
C. 28
D. 23
Cu 4. Nguyn t nguyn t X c tng cc loi ht l 82, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng

mang in l 22. S khi ca X l:
A. 56
B. 40
VI.
C. 64
D. 39.
Ngy son 24/09/2010

Tit TC 7
V TR NGUYN T TRONG BNG TUN HON

CC NGUYN T HA HC
------------------I.
MC TIU BI HC
1. Kin thc
HS bit vn dng kin thc tng hp lp c mi lin h gia cc kin thc hc v bng tun
hon v cu to BTH.
HS bit vn dng kin thc hc xc nh v tr nguyn t trong BTH.
Giao an TC 10CB
HS vit cu hnh electron xc nh v tr nguyn t v t v tr bit c cu to nguyn t.

2. K nng
II.
TRNG TM
Mi lin h gia v tr nguyn t v cu to nguyn t.

III.
CHUN B

IV.
PHNG PHP

V.
NI DUNG LN LP
1. n nh lp
2. Kim tra bi c
3. Cc hot ng dy hc
Hot ng ca gio vin

Hot ng 1: S dng phiu hc tp s 1.
BTH c xy dng trn nhng nguyn tc no?
BTH c cu to nh th no? Bao nhiu chu k?
Bao nhiu nhm?
Nu c im cu to nguyn t ca cc nguyn
t trong mt chu k, mt nhm?
Hot ng 2:
Hot ng ca hc sinh
- Mt Hs ln bng lm theo yu cu phiu hc tp.
- Cc nhm Hs tho lun, i chiu tm ra p n
ng.
I. Xc nh v tr nguyn t trong BTH
V tr nguyn t:
+ nguyn t
+ Chu k
+ Nhm
STT nguyn t = S proton = S electron = S
hiu nguyn t.
Giao an TC 10CB

C 3 nguyn t X, Y, Z c s hiu nguyn t
tng ng l 11, 17 v 19.
Xc nh v tr ca chng trong BTH.
Cc nguyn t c mi lin h g vi nhau?
C 3 nguyn t X, Y, Z c s hiu nguyn t
tng ng l 11, 12 v 13.
Xc nh v tr ca chng trong BTH.

Nguyn t X thuc chu k 3, nhm VIA ca BTH.
a. Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca nguyn
t X.
b. Nguyn t X th bao nhiu trong BTH.
c. Cho bit tnh cht ha hc c bn ca X? Vit
cng thc oxit cao nht, cng thc hp cht
vi hidro ca nguyn t X.
S dng phiu hc tp s 4.
Nguyn t A thuc th 26 trong BTH.
a. Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca
nguyn t A.
b. Nguyn t A thuc chu k no?
4. Cng c, dn d
STT chu k = S lp electron.

STT nhm = S electron ha tr.
Nguyn t s, p thuc nhm A
Nguyn t d, f thuc nhm B
II. Vn dng
Dng 1. T cu hnh e nguyn t xc nh v tr
nguyn t trong BTH.
VD: Cho nguyn t Ca (Z = 20) xc nh v tr ca
Ca trong BTH.
VD: Cho nguyn t Cr (Z = 24) xc nh v tr ca
Cr trong BTH.
Dng 2. T v tr hy vit cu hnh e nguyn t.

VD: Vit cu hnh e nguyn t ca nguyn t chu
k 4, nhm IVB.
Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca Mn (Z=25) sau xc nh v tr Mn trong BTH.

5. Hng dn v nh
. Bi 1:
Nguyn t X thuc nhm A trong HTTH. Hp cht Y ca X vi hidro c 97,26% X v khi lng.
Xc nh tn X.
B l kim loi nhm A v c 2 electron lp ngoi cng. Cho 14,6g B tc dng va vi 200g dd
Y 14,6% trn to ra kh C v dd D. Xc nh C% cc cht trong dd D.
Giao an TC 10CB
Bi 2: A v B l hai nguyn t thuc cng mt nhm A v hai chu k lin tip nhau trong HTTH. A c 6
electron lp ngoi cng. Hp cht M ca A vi hidro cha 11,1% hidro v khi lng. Xc nh A,
B, M.
s: A l O; B l S v M l H2O.
Bi 3: Cho cc nguyn t sau:
14
7
N,
24
12
32
Mg, 16
S,
40
20
Ca.
a. Xc nh s proton, s ntron, s electron c trong nguyn t cc nguyn t trn.

b. Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trn.
c. Xc nh v tr ca cc nguyn t trn trong HTTH.
Bi 4:
a. Cho nguyn t A nm chu k 3 thuc nhm VA. Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t v xc nh
s electron c trong nguyn t nguyn t A. in tch ht nhn nguyn t nguyn t A bng
bao nhiu?
b. Nguyn t nguyn t B c cu hnh electron tn cng l 4p4. Vit cu hnh electron y v
xc nh v tr ca B trong HTTH. C th xc nh khi lng nguyn t ca B c khng?
V sao?
c. Nguyn t nguyn t D c 2 lp electron v c 3 electron lp ngoi cng. Vit cu hnh
electron nguyn t nguyn t D v xc nh v tr ca D trong HTTH.
*
Bi 5 : Hai nguyn t X v Y thuc hai nhm A lin tip trong cng mt chu k ca HTTH. Y thuc nhm
II. Tng s hiu nguyn t ca X v Y l 23. Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca X v Y.
Bi 6*: Hai nguyn t X v Y thuc hai nhm A lin tip trong cng mt chu k ca HTTH. Tng in tch
ht nhn ca X v Y l 31+. Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca X v Y. X v Y l kim loi, phi
kim hay kh him? V sao? Bit ZX > ZY.
Bi 7*: Hai nguyn t X v Y thuc cng mt nhm A trong hai chu k lin tip ca HTTH. Tng s proton
ca X v Y l 32. Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca X v Y. Xc nh v tr ca X v Y trong
HTTH. Bit ZX < ZY.
VI.
Ngy son 01/10/2010

Tit TC 8
C IM CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T

CA KIM LOI V PHI KIM
Giao an TC 10CB
------------------I.
MC TIU BI HC
1. Kin thc
HS bit th no l kim loi, th no l phi kim da vo c im cu hnh e lp ngoi cng.
2. K nng
II.
TRNG TM
Mi lin h gia tnh cht nguyn t v cu hnh e nguyn t.

III.
CHUN B

IV.
PHNG PHP

V.
NI DUNG LN LP
1. n nh lp
2. Kim tra bi c
3. Cc hot ng dy hc
Hot ng ca gio vin

Hot ng ca hc sinh
GV yu cu HS vit cu hnh e nguyn t ca Cr(Z =
24) v Cl(Z = 17). Xc nguyn t no l kim loi,
nguyn t no l phi kim?
a. Nguyn t c 1, 2, 3 e lp ngoi cng c tnh kim
loi(tr H, He, B).
b. Nguyn t c 5, 6, 7 e lp ngoi cng c tnh phi
kim.
c. Nguyn t c 4 e lp ngoi cng c th l phi kim
cng c th l kim loi ty theo bn knh nguyn t
ca chng.
Giao an TC 10CB
Gv ra bi tp yu cu HS lm bi tp:
HS lm bi trong v nhp ai nhanh hn s chm
Bi 1. Ht nhn 3 nguyn t A, B, D ln lt cha: im.
10p+10n; 11p+12n; 17p+18n;
a) Xc nh khi lng ca mi nguyn t.
b) Vit cu hnh e ca chng .
c) Xc nh tnh kim loi phi kim ca
chng.
Bi 2. Tng s p, n, e ca mt nguyn t X
thuc phn nhm VIIA l 28. Lp lun xc
nh khi lng nguyn t v vit cu hnh
electron ca nguyn t X.
Bi 3. Nguyn t A khng phi l kh him,
nguyn t c phn lp electron ngoi cng l 4p.
Nguyn t nguyn t B c phn lp electron
ngoi cng l 4s.
a, Nguyn t no l kim loi l phi kim.
b, Xc nh cu hnh electron ca A v
B, bit tng s electron hai phn lp ngoi
cng ca A v B l 7.
Bi 4. Hy vit cu hnh electron ca cc
nguyn t c hai electron c thn lp ngoi
cng vi iu kin nguyn t c s Z<20. C
bao niu nguyn t ng vi cu hnh electron ni
trn. Vit cc cng thc phn t cc hp cht c
th c c ch t cc nguyn t ni trn.
4. Cng c, dn d
T cu hnh electron nguyn t lm th no xc nh tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim ca nguyn
t?
5. Hng dn v nh
Cu hnh electron ca phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t nguyn t X l 5p 5. T s ntron
v proton bng 1,3962. S ntron trong nguyn t X gp 3,7 ln s ntron trong nguyn t nguyn
t Y. Khi cho 1,0725g Y tc dng vi lng d X thu c 4,565g sn phm cng thc XY.
a, Vit y cu hnh electron ca X
b, Xc nh s hiu nguyn t s khi c gi tn X, Y.
c, X v Y cht no l kim loi cht no l phi kim.
VI.
RT KINH NGHIM,
Giao an TC 10CB
Ngy son: 15/10/ Tit 09
BI TP TRC NGHIM BNG TUN HON. S BIN I TUN HON CU HNH

ELECTRON NGUYN T, TNH CHT CC NGUYN T HO HC
I. Mc tiu, yu cu:
- H thng ho mt s bi tp trc nghim v s bin i cu hnh electron nguyn t v tnh cht cc
nguyn t ho hc. - T v tr suy ra cu to, tnh cht v ngc li.
- So snh tnh cht ho hc ca mt nguyn t vi cc nguyn t ln cn.
II. Phng php: m thoi, nu vn .
III. Tin trnh ln lp:
n nh lp. Kim tra bi c: Mt nguyn t X c cu hnh electron: 1s22s22p63s23p64s2. Tm v tr ca
nguyn t X trong bng tun hon.
Bi mi:
Hot ng GV - HS
Hot ng: 1
-
Pht phiu hc tp cho HS .

Gi : Da vo s lp electron xc
nh.
- Khuyn khch HS lm nhanh hn tr li.
- GV nhn xt v kt lun.
Hot ng: 2
-

Gi : Da vo cu hnh electron, s lp
electron v s electron ngoi cng xc
nh.
Ni dung
Bi 1: Cho cc nguyn t A, B, C, D, E, F ln
lt c cu hnh electron nh sau.
A. 1s22s22p63s2
B. 1s22s22p63s23p64s1
C. 1s22s22p63s23p64s2
D. 1s22s22p63s23p5
E. 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2 F. 1s22s22p63s23p1.
Cc nguyn t no thuc cng chu k
a) A, D, F.
b) B, C, E.c) C, D
d) A, B, F.
Giao an TC 10CB
- Khuyn khch HS TB tr li.

Hot ng: 3
-

Gi : Da vo cu hnh electron, s lp
electron v s electron ngoi cng xc
nh. Lu ion c cu hnh bn ca kh
tr khi n nhng hoc nhn thm
electron.
Gi HS kh tr li.GV nhn xt v kt lun.
Hot ng: 4
-

Gi : Da vo k hiu xc nh cc
thng tin- so snh vi d kin chn
p n ng.
Khuyn khch HS lm nhanh hn tr li.
GV nhn xt v kt lun.
Hot ng: 5
-

Gi : Da vo cu hnh electron, s
electron ngoi cng xc nh.Nhc
li: Tnh phi kim: Nguyn t c 5, 6, 7 e
ngoi cng.
- Khuyn khch HS TB- kh tr li.
Hot ng: 6
-

Gi : Da vo 2Z + N = 115 v 1
N
1,5 .
Z
Khuyn khch HS kh tr li.

GV nhn xt v kt lun.
Hot ng: 7
-

Gi : Da vo k hiu xc nh cc
thng tin v nhm ca R suy ra cng
thc vi hiro hoc cng thc oxit cao
e) C a, b, ng.
p n: cu e)
Bi 2: Ion R+ c cu hnh electron kt thc

phn lp 3p6. Vy R thuc:
a) Chu k 2, nhm VIA.
b) Chu k 3, nhm IA.
c) Chu k 4, nhm IA.
d) Chu k 4, nhm VIA.
p n: Cu c)
Bi 3: Nguyn t X c cu hnh electron
1s22s22p63s2 th ion to nn t X s c cu hnh
electron no sau y:
a) 1s22s22p5.
b) 1s22s22p63s2. c) 1s22s22p6.
d) 1s22s22p63s23p6.
Bi 4: Cho nguyn t
p n: Cu c
39
19
X , X c c im
A. Nguyn t thuc chu k 4, nhm IA

B. S ntron trong nhn nguyn t X l 20
C. X l nguyn t kim loi c tnh kh
mnh, c cu hnh ion X+ l
1s22s22p63s23p6.
D. C A, B, C u ng.
p n: Cu D.
Bi 5: Bit cu hnh electron ca cc nguyn t
A, B, C, D, E nh sau: A. 1s22s22p63s23p64s1
B. 1s22s22p63s1 C. 1s22s22p63s23p4
D. 1s22s22p4
E. 1s22s22p5
Th t tng tnh phi kim ca cc nguyn t l

trng hp no sau y:
a) A, B, C, D, E. b. A, C, D, E.
b) B, A, C, D, E. c. Tt c u sai.
p n: Cu a.
Bi 6: Mt nguyn t X c tng s ht cc loi
bng 115. S ht mang in nhiu hn s ht
khng mang in tch l 25. Xc nh v tr ca
Giao an TC 10CB
nht.
Hot ng: 8
- Pht phiu hc tp cho HS .
Gi : Da vo cc thng tin v tng in tch
ht nhn, trong 1 chu k suy ra v tr ca X, Y
trong bng tun hon.
Hot ng: 9
Gi : Da vo cc thng tin v tng in tch
ht nhn, trong 1 chu k suy ra v tr ca X, Y
trong bng tun hon. Da vo s electron ngoi
cng xc nh tnh cht.
- Khuyn khch HS kh tr li.
Hot ng: 10
Gi : Da vo cc thng tin v 2 nhm A lin
tip ca bng tun hon, B thuc nhm V
trng thi n cht A, B khng phn ng vi
nhau. Tng s proton trong ht nhn nguyn t
A v B l 23
- GV nhn xt v kt lun
X trong bng tun hon.

a)
b)
c)
d)
Cu 7:
35, chu k 3, nhm VIIA.

35, chu k 4, nhm VIA.
37, chu k 5, nhm IA.
35, chu k 4, nhm VIIA. p n: d.
1. Nguyn t R c cng thc oxit cao nht

l RO2, hp cht vi hydro ca R cha
75% v khi lng R. R l:
a) C; b) S; c) Cl; d) Si
2. Nguyn t R hp cht kh vi hydro c cng
thc RH3, cng thc ca oxit cao nht:
a) R2O
b) R2O3 c) R2O2
p n: 1. Cu a
d) R2O5
2. Cu d
Bi 8: Hai nguyn t X, Y ng k tip nhau

trong mt chu k thuc bng tun hon, tng
in tch ht nhn l 25. Hy xc nh v tr ca
X, Y trong bng tun hon.
a) X: Chu k 3, nhm IIA. Y: Ck 2, nhm IIIA
b) X: Chu k 3, nhm IIA. Y: Ck 3, nhm IIIA
c) X: C k 2, nhm IIIA. Y: ck 3, nhm IIIA.
d) Tt c u sai.
p n: Cu b.
Bi 9: Hai nguyn t A, B thuc cng phn

nhm chnh v thuc 2 chu k lin tip c tng
s in tch ht nhn l 16.
a) Xc nh v tr ca 2 nguyn t trn trong
bng tun hon.
b) So snh tnh cht ho hc ca chng.
Bi 10: Hai nguyn t A v B 2 nhm A lin
tip ca bng tun hon. B thuc nhm V
trng thi n cht A, B khng phn ng vi
nhau. Tng s proton trong ht nhn nguyn t
A v B l 23. Cho bit A v B l 2 nguyn t
Giao an TC 10CB
no.
a) P v O b. C v P c. N v S
b) Tt c u sai
p n: Cu c
* Cng c v dn d:
Bi tp v nh: Cho 0,6 gam mt kim loi thuc nhm IIA tc dng vi nc thu c 0,336 lt hydro
ktc. Kim loai l:
a) Cu
b) Ca
c) Mg
d) Ba
Ngy /10/2010
TC: T10
IM CU HNH
Electron nguyn t cc nguyn t nhm B

I/ Mc tiu;
1/Kin thc: -n tp v cu hnh (e)

-Ring cc nguyn t nhm B c c im ring v cu hnh (e)
2/K nng:
Rn luyn k nng vit cu hnh (e)
Giao an TC 10CB
II/ Trng tm:-s bn bo ha ,bo ha phn mc d

III/ Chun b: -cu hi xc nh v tr cc nguyn t nhm B
-hs n tp v v trcu hinh(e)
IV/ Phng php:

-Gi dm thoi-tho lun nhm
V/Ni dung ln lp
1/ -n nh lp
2/Hi bi c: cho bit trong bng tun hon c my nhm B
3/Cc hot ng dy hc
1/V tr cc nguyn t nhm B
-Yu cu HS trong bng tun hon gm nhng nhmB no ?
-Cc nguyn t nhm B nhng chu k no?
- Cu hnh (e) c dng(n-1)d ns
-Nu mt s v d ? Vit cu hnh (e) nguyn t ca nguyn t
c Z=23,Z=25,Z=27
2/ Bi tp :
-a/ Vit cu hnh (e) nguyn t ca nguyn t c
Z=46, 46Pd(Kr)4d105s0_____________Pd(Kd) 4d85s2
bo ha 4d th 2(e) 5s2 nhy sang 4d

Z=47 Ag(Kr)4d105s1____________Ag(Kr)4d95s2
Giao an TC 10CB
bo ha 4d th 1(e) 5s nhy sang 4d10 5s1

-b/HS vit cu hnh (e) nguyn t ca nguyn t c Z=29
3/Cng c: cc nguyn t nhm B c c cu hnh (e) lp ngoi cng l do xu hng bo
ha ,bn bo ha phn lp( n-1)d
4/Dnj d HS v lm cc bt sgk
VI/ Rt kinh nghim
......................................................................................................................
Ngy02/11/2010
Tc:11 PHNG PHP GII NHANH BT HA HC
(PP Bo ton kl- bo ton ngt)
I, MC TIU BI HC
1/Kin thc:
- Cung cp pp gii cc bi ton cho HS
-Cc dng BT
2/ K nng


III. Tin trnh ln lp: GV Nu cc bi tp cho HS tho lun tm PP gii
Giao an TC 10CB
Ni dung phng php nh lut bo ton nguyn t v khi lng

(A + b c + d)
ma + mb = mc +md
.Nguyn tc: Trong cc phn ng ho hc, cc nguyn t v khi lng

ca chng c bo ton.
Tng khi lng cc cht tham gia phn ng bng tng khi lng cc
cht to thnh.
Tng khi lng cc cht trc phn ng bng tng khi lng cc cht
sau phn ng.
Phm vi s dng: Trong bi ton xy ra nhiu phn ng, lc ny i
khi khng cn thit vit cc phng trnh phn ng v ch cn lp
s d phn ng thy mi quan h t l mol gia cc cht cn
xc nh cng nh cc cht m cho.
.Bi tp mu :
Bi 1. Cho 24,4 gam hn hp Na2CO3 , K2CO3 tc dng va vi dd
BaCl2 . Sau phn ng thu c 39,4 gam kt ta . Lc tch kt ta ,c cn
dd thu c m gam mui clorua, m c gi tr l :
2,66
B. 22,6
C. 26,6
D. 6,26
Hng dn gii:
nBaCl = nBaCO = 0,2 ( mol)

2
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng : m

m
= 24,4 + 0,2 .208-39,4
hh
+ m BaCl = m kt ta + m
2
26,6 chn C
Bi 2. Ho tan 10,14 gam hp kim Cu , Mg , Al bng mt lng va

dd HCl thu c 7,84 lt kh A (ktc) v 1,54 gam cht rn B v dd C.
C cn dd C thu c m gam mui , m c ta tr l :
Giao an TC 10CB
A. 33,45g
B. 33,25 g
C. 32,99 g
D. 35,58 g
Hng dn gii:
Theo nh lut bo ton khi lng :
m
= m (Al+Mg) + m Cl
= ( 10,14 1,54) + 0,7. 35,5

= 6,6 + 24,85
= 33,45 (g) Chn A
Bi p dng :
Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm 0,12 mol FeS2 v a mol Cu2S vo axit
HNO3 ( va ), thu c dung dch X ( ch cha hai mui sunfat) v kh
duy nht NO. Gi tr ca a l bao nhiu?
A.0,12
B.0,04
C.0,075
IV Rt kinh nghim ..
Ngy 09/11/2010
T chn:12
BI TP PHNG PHP GII NHANH BI TON HA HC

I, MC TIU BI HC
1/Kin thc:
- Cung cp pp gii cc bi ton cho HS
D.0,06
Giao an TC 10CB
-Cc dng BT
2/ K nng

III. Tin trnh ln lp: GV Nu cc bi tp cho HS tho lun tm PP gii
Da vo s tng gim khi lng

Nguyn tc: So snh khi lng ca cht cn xc nh vi cht m
gi thit cho bit lng ca n, t khi lng tng ( hay gim) ny,
kt hp vi quan h t l mol gia hai cht ny gii quyt yu cu
t ra.
Phm vi s dng: i vi cc bi ton m phn ng xy ra thuc phn
ng phn hu, phn ng gia kim loi mnh , khng tan trong nc,
y kim loi yu ra khi dung dch mui phn ng;; c bit khi
cho bit r phn ng xy ra l hon ton hay khng khng th vic
s dng phng php ny cng n gin ho bi ton hn.
B.Bi tp mu :
Bi 1. Ho tan 14 gam hn hp hai mui MCO3 v N2(CO3 )2 bng dd HCl
d , thu c dd A v 0,672 lt kh (ktc) .C cn dd A thu c m gam mui
khan , m c gi tr l :
A. 16,33
B. 14,33
C. 9,625
D. 12,65
Hng dn gii:
Vn dng phng php tng gim khi lng
Giao an TC 10CB
Theo phng trnh ta c :

C 1 mol mui CO32- 2 mol Cl- + 1 mol CO2 lng mui tng 71-60=11 g
Theo bi s mol thot ra l 0,03 th khi lng mui tng 11.0,03 =
0,33g
Vy m mui clorua = 14 + 0,33 = 14,33(g)
Chn B
Bi 2 Nhng mt thanh nhm nng 45 g vo 400 ml dd CuSO4 0,5 M
.Sau mt thi gian ly thanh nhm ra cn nng 46,38 g .Khi lng ng
thot ra l :
A. 0,64 g
B. 1,28 g
C. 1,92 g
D. 2,56 g
Hng dn gii:
C 2 mol Al 3 mol Cu khi lng tng 3.64 54 = 138
Theo n mol ng khi lng tng
46,38 45 = 1,38 g
n Cu = 0,03 mol mCu = 0,03. 64 = 1,92 g

Chn p n C
Bi p dng :
Bi 1: em nung mt khi lng Cu(NO3)2 sau mt thi gian dng l lm
ngui, ri cn thy khi lng gim 0,54g. Vy khi lng mui Cu(NO3)2
b nhit phn l bao nhiu?
A. 0,5g
Chn D
B.0,49g
C.9,4g
D.0,94g
Giao an TC 10CB
Bi 2.Nhit phn hon ton 9,4g mt mui nitrat kim loi thu c 4 g
oxit rn. Xc nh cng thc mui dng l :
A.Fe(NO3)3
B. Cu(NO3)2
C.Al(NO3)3
D. mt mui khc
Chn B
IV Rt kinh nghim:
Ngy 15/11/2010
T chn 13 BI TP V XC NH S XY HA
I, MC TIU BI HC
- HS nm vng cc qui tc xc nh s oxi ho v cc bc cn bng phn ng oxi ho kh.
- HS bit vn dng v rn luyn k nng cn bng phn ng oxi ho kh.
- T tng lin h thc t v gio dc cho HS yu khoa hc.
II. Phng php

-m thoi, nu vn .
-HS n tp l thuyt phn ng oxi ho kh.
- n nh lp.
- Kim tra bi c: Nu cc qui tc xc nh s oxi ho v cc bc cn bng phn ng
oxi ho kh.
Giao an TC 10CB
- Bi mi:
Hot ng GV - HS
Hot ng 1:
Ni dung
I. L thuyt:
- Nu cc qui tc xc nh s oxi ho, cc 1. Nu cc qui tc xc nh s oxi ho: Trang 73/

bc cn bng phn ng oxi ho kh?
sgk.
+ HS chun b 2 pht v tr li.
- Cc khi nim: cht kh, cht oxi ho,
s kh, s oxi ho, phn ng oxi ho
kh.
2. Nu cc bc cn bng phn ng oxi ho

kh.Trang 80/ sgk.
3. Kh: cho s oxi ho tng.
Oxi ho: nhn s oxi ho gim.
- Nm vng cc khi nim sgk.
II. Bi tp:
Hot ng 2:
1) Hon thnh cc bn phn ng:
- Pht phiu hc tp.
K+ K
- HS tho lun nhm gii. Gi 1 HS bt

k trnh by.
Fe Fe2+.
K + 1e K
+
Fe Fe2++ 2e
Fe2+ Fe3++ 1e
Cl- Cl++ 2e
Fe2+ Fe3+.
Cl- Cl+.
S+6 S-2.
N-3 N+2.
S+6 + 8e S-2.
Hot ng 3:
2) Cn bng cc phn ng oxi ho kh sau theo

phng php thng bng electron, ni r vai tr
cc cht tham gia phn ng:
- Cho bi.
a) H2S + O2 SO2 + H2O.
- Hng dn theo cc bc.
b) KClO3 KCl + O2.
N-3 N+2 + 5e
Giao an TC 10CB
- HS chun b 5. Ln lm.
c) MnO2 + HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O.
- Gi : a) Loi phn ng n gin.
d) FeS2 + O2 Fe2O3 + SO2
b) Phn ng t oxi ho kh.

c) Phn ng c mi trng.
c) Phn ng phc tp.
- p n:
a)2H2S + 3O2 2SO2 + 2H2O.
kh
oxi ho
b) 2KClO3 2KCl + O2.

va oxh, va kh
c) MnO2 +4HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O.
oxh
2:kh, 2: mt
d) 4FeS2 + 11O2 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2

kh
oxi ho
Cu 1. Cho cc phn ng sau:

a) FeO + HNO3 (c, nng)
b) FeS + H2SO4 (c, nng) .
c) Al2O3 + HNO3 (c, nng)
d) Cu + dung dch FeCl3 .
e) CH3CHO + H2
f) glucoz + AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3
g) C2H4 + Br2
h) glixerol (glixerin) + Cu(OH)2 .
Dy gm cc phn ng u thuc loi phn ng oxi ha - kh l:

A. a, b, d, e, f, h.
B. a, b, c, d, e, h.
C. a, b, c, d, e, g.
D. a, b, d, e, f, g.
Giao an TC 10CB
Cu 2. Cho tng cht: Fe, FeO, Fe(OH)2, Fe(OH)3, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3,
FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, FeCO3 ln lt phn ng vi HNO3 c, nng. S phn ng thuc loi
phn ng oxi ho - kh l
A. 5.
B.7.
C. 8.
D. 6.
Cu 3. Cho cc phn ng:

Ca(OH)2 + Cl2
CaOCl2
2H2S +
SO2
NaNO3 + NaNO2 + H2O

2NO2 + 2NaOH
3S + 2H2O.
3S + 2H2O.
4KClO3 + SO2
O3 O2 + O.
S phn ng oxi ho kh l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 4. Tng h s (cc s nguyn, ti gin) ca tt c cc cht trong phng trnh phn ng

gia Cu vi dung dch HNO3 c, nng l
A. 11.
B. 10.
C. 8.
D. 9.
Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O

Cu 5. Cho phng trnh ho hc: Fe3O4 + HNO3
Sau khi cn bng phng trnh ho hc trn vi h s ca cc cht l nhng s nguyn, ti
gin th h s ca HNO3 l
A. 45x - 18y.
B. 46x 18y.
C. 13x - 9y.
D. 23x - 9y.
Cu 6. Trong phn ng t chy CuFeS2 to ra sn phm CuO, Fe2O3 v SO2 th mt phn

t CuFeS2 s.
A. nhn 13 electron. B. Nhng 13 electron
D. nhn 12 electron.
Cu 7. Cho bit cc phn ng xy ra sau:
2FeBr2 + Br2 2FeBr3.
2NaBr + Cl2 2NaCl + Br2.
C. nhng 12 electron.
Giao an TC 10CB
Pht biu ng l:
A. Tnh kh ca Cl- mnh hn Br-.
B. Tnh kh ca Br- mnh hn ca Fe2+.
C. Tnh oxi ha ca Br2 mnh hn ca Cl2. D. Tnh oxi ha ca Cl2 mnh hn ca Fe3+.
Cu 8. Cho dy cc cht v ion: Zn, S, FeO, SO2, N2, HCl, Cu2+, Cl-. S cht v ion c c
tnh oxi ha v tnh kh l
A. 7.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
Cu 9. Cho dy cc cht v ion: Cl2, F2, SO2, Na+, Ca2+, Fe2+, Al3+, Mn2+, S2-, Cl-. S cht v
ion trong dy u c tnh oxi ho v tnh kh l
A. 3.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 5.
* Cng c, dn d:
- Tng t trn, cn bng cc phn ng:
HgO Hg + O2
NH3 + Cl2 N2 + HCl
Cu + H2SO4 CuSO4 + SO2 + H2O
- c trc bi phn loi phn ng ho hc.
n li : phn ng ho hp, phn ng phn hu, phn ng th
........................................................................................................................
Ngy 21/11/2010
T chn:14 LP PHNG TRNH PHN NG OXI HO KH.

Giao an TC 10CB
I. Mc tiu bi hc:
1. Kin thc:.
- HS nm vng cc qui tc xc nh s oxi ho v cc bc cn bng phn ng oxi ho kh.

2. K nng:
- HS bit vn dng v rn luyn k nng cn bng phn ng oxi ho kh.
3. Thi :
- T tng lin h thc t v gio dc cho HS yu khoa hc.
II- Chun b:
1. GV: Cu hi , Bi tp.
2. HS: Lm bi tp cho nh.
1.Kim tra bi c:
Nu cc qui tc xc nh s oxi ho v cc bc cn bng phn ng oxi ho kh.
2.Bi mi:
Hot ng GV - HS
Ni dung
Hot ng 1:
I. L thuyt:
Gio vin yu cu HS tr li cc cu
hi sau:
1. Nu cc qui tc xc nh s oxi ho:

Trang 73/ sgk.
- Cc khi nim: cht kh, cht oxi ho,

s kh, s oxi ho, phn ng oxi ho
kh.
2. Nu cc bc cn bng phn ng oxi

ho kh.Trang 80/ sgk.
3. Kh: cho s oxi ho tng.
Giao an TC 10CB
- Nu cc qui tc xc nh s oxi ho, cc Oxi ho: nhn s oxi ho gim.

bc cn bng phn ng oxi ho kh?
- Nm vng cc khi nim sgk.
+ HS chun b v tr li.
II. Bi tp:
Hot ng 2:
1) Hon thnh s :
GV cho HS lm bi tp.
K+ + 1e K
Fe Fe2++ 2e
K+ K
Fe2+ Fe3++ 1e
Cl- Cl++ 2e
Fe Fe2+.
S+6 + 8e S-2.
N-3 N+2 + 5e
Fe2+ Fe3+.
Cl- Cl+.
S+6 S-2.
N-3 N+2.
HS tho lun v trnh by.
Hot ng 3:
GV cho bi.
2) Cn bng cc phn ng oxi ho kh

sau theo phng php thng bng
electron, ni r vai tr cc cht tham gia
phn ng:
a)2H2S + 3O2 2SO2 + 2H2O.
Cn bng cc phn ng oxi ho kh sau

kh
oxi ho
theo phng php thng bng electron,
ni r vai tr cc cht tham gia phn ng: b) 2KClO3 2KCl + O2.
a) H2S + O2 SO2 + H2O.
b) KClO3 KCl + O2.
c) MnO2 + HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O.
d) FeS2 + O2 Fe2O3 + SO2
HS ln lm.
va oxh, va kh
c) MnO2 +4HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O.
oxh
2:kh, 2: mt
d) 4FeS2 + 11O2 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2

kh
oxi ho
Giao an TC 10CB
3. Cng c:
- Cn bng cc phn ng:
a. HgO Hg + O2
b. NH3 + Cl2 N2 + HCl
c. Cu + H2SO4 CuSO4 + SO2 + H2O
4.Hng dn v nh:
- Lm cc bi tp cho.
..................................................................................................................
T/C :15 LUYN TP cn bng phng trnh hohc

ca phn ng oxi ho - kh
I.Mc tiubi hc:
1. Kin thc:
-HS cn bng thnh tho cc phn ng oxi ho kh theo phng php thng bng electron.
2. K nng:
- Cn bng PTHH ca cc phn ng oxi ho kh thnh tho
3. Thi :
- Rn luyn tnh t m , cn c cho hc sinh.
II- Chun b:
1. GV: Cu hi , Bi tp.
Giao an TC 10CB
2. HS: Lm bi tp cho nh.

III.Tin trnh ln lp:
1.Kim tra bi c:
Trong cc phn ng ho hp di y, phn ng no l phn ng oxi ho kh? Gii thch?
a) CaCO3 + H2O + CO2 Ca(HCO3)2.
b) P2O5 + 3H2O 2H3PO4.
c) 2SO2 + O2 2SO3.
d) BaO + H2O Ba(OH)2.
2.Bi mi:
Hot ng GV - HS
Hot ng 1:
Gio vin cho HS nu cc bc ca phng php
Ni dung
I- Phng php thng bng electron

cn bng phn ng oxi ho kh.
-Gm c 4 bc(sgk-trang 80)
HS tr li
II- Bi tp
Bi 1 :
a) 4Mg + 10HNO3 4Mg(NO3)2 +
NH4NO3 + 3H2O.
b) 3As2S3 +28 HNO3 + 4H2O
6H3AsO4 + 28NO + 9H2SO4
Hot ng 2:
Gio vin cho bi tp:
Lp phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn
Giao an TC 10CB
ng oxi ho kh di y:
a) Mg + HNO3 Mg(NO3)2 + NH4NO3
+ H2O.
b) As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O H2AsO4 +
NO + H2SO4.
Hc sinh ln bng lm
Hot ng 2:
Trong cc phn ng phn hu di y,
phn ng no khng phi phn ng oxi
ho kh?
a) 2KMnO4 K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2.
b) 2Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 + 3H2O.
c) 4KClO3 3KClO4 + KCl.
d)2KClO3 2KCl + 3O2.
2) Trong phn ng ho hc sau:
3Cl2 + 6KOH KClO3 + 5KCl + 3H2O
Cl2 ng vai tr l g?
a) Ch l cht oxi ho.
b) Ch l cht kh.
c) Va l cht oxi ho, va l cht kh.
d) Khng phi l cht oxi ho, khng
phi l cht kh.
3) Trong phn ng ho hc sau:
Giao an TC 10CB
3K2MnO4 + 2H2O 2KMnO4 + MnO2 +

4KOH.
Nguyn t Mn :
a) Ch b oxi ho.
b) Ch b kh.
c) Va b oxi ho, va b kh.
d) Khng b oxi ho , khng b kh
Hc sinh trnh by cch lm
3.Cng c:
-Trong phn ng: Br2 + 2KI I2 + 2KBr. Nguyn t Br:
a) Ch b oxi ho.
b) Ch b kh.
c) khng b oxi ho cng khng b kh.
d) Va b oxi ho, va b kh.
4. Hng dn v nh:
- HS lm cc bi tp cn li trong phn luyn tp, chun b cho tit luyn tp sau.

Giao An Tu Chon Hoa 10 Co Ban

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Giao An Tu Chon Hoa 10 Co Ban

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Giao an TC 10CB

Ngy son 16/08/2010

bi tp p dng mt s cng thc tnh ton

Gio vin: H thng bi tp v cu hi gi .

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

Tnh theo phng trnh ha hc

(Trong cc cht M, B, C, D: c th l mt n cht hay 1 hp cht)

+ 2HCl > MgCl2 + H2

x = 0,6. 1 / 2 = 0,3 (mol) mMg = n.M = 0,3. 24 = 7,2 (g)

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

Ta c phng trnh phn ng:

+ 2HCl > MgCl2 + H2

x = 0,3. 1 / 1 = 0,3 (mol) mMg = n.M = 0,3. 24 = 7,2 (g)

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

- Tm m dd (da vo Vdd, d (g/ml)): t d =

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

Rt kinh nghim, b sung

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

Ngy son 19/08/2010

bi tp tnh khi lng nguyn t

Gio vin: H thng bi tp v cu hi gi .

m thoi gi m nu vn hot ng nhm.

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

Mt hc sinh tr li di hnh thc ktra bi c.

HS vn dng kin thc v ton hc nh tnh th tch hnh cu.

T s v khi lng ca electron so vi ntron:

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

= 10,30. 10-24 (cm3)

Khi lng ca mt nguyn t km l

Rt kinh nghim, b sung

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

Ngy son 29/08/2010

Hiu r cu to nguyn t ca cc nguyn t.

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

Rn luyn k nng tnh ton cho hc sinh.

Gio vin: H thng bi tp v cu hi gi .

m thoi gi m nu vn hot ng nhm.

Bi 1: Hy ch ra cu khng ng trong s cc cu sau:

Tnh khi lng nguyn t tuyt i ca nguyn t st.

V nguyn t trung ha v in nn s electron = s proton = 26.

me = 26.9,1094.10-31 (kg) = 23,6844.10-30 (kg).

Rt kinh nghim, b sung

Ngy son 02/09/2010

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

Gio vin: H thng bi tp v cu hi gi .

m thoi gi m - nu vn - hot ng nhm.

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

p n: a) KLNT TB ca Mg = 24, 2. b) S khi ng v kia l 25.

x1- x2= 21x3

p n: KLNT TB ca oxi = 16,14.

RT KINH NGHIM, B SUNG

Ngy son 10/09/2010

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

Gio vin: H thng bi tp v cu hi gi .

m thoi gi m - nu vn - hot ng nhm.

I. THUYET HIEN AI (THUYET OBITAN

- Nguyen t co 1 e chuyen ong

- Nguyen t co nhieu e chuyen

II HNH DANG OBITAN NGUYEN T :

Trng THPT 1 5 Ngha n

- Obitan d, f co hnh dang phc tap.

b) Nguyen l Pau li:

c) So e toi a co trong 1 phan lp