Necessary Aspects of Present Tense

The literal meanlng of Lhe word 'presenL' ls 'exlsLlng or occurrlng now'. resenL
Tense is the tense used to talk about the current action. It is primarily used for the
situations or events in the present time, however it can also be used to talk about
the past and the future. There are four types of Present Tense:
Simple Present Tense
Present Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Simple Present Tense: It indicates the present situation or action, routine actions,
habitual actions and general truths.
Examples:
Affirmative Sentences:
With an action: Subject + verb + rest of the sentence.
I Play guitar.
My brother plays guitar.
The main verb always ends wlLh's' when it is used with third person singular.
Without an action:
He is French.
My neighbours are French.
Negative Sentences:
With an action: Sub[ecL + don'L/ doesn'L + verb + resL of Lhe senLence.
l don'L llve ln new ?ork.
!ack doesn'L drlve a Laxl.
Without an action:
He is not old.
Texas is not in Europe. It is in America.
Interrogative Sentence:
Does he know how to play football?
Do you like coffee?
Are you ready to go?
Is she there?
Present Continuous Tense:
It is used to talk about the action happening at the present time.
Examples:
Affirmative Sentences: Subject + is/ am/ are + verb (ing) + rest of the sentence.
I am learning French.
We are going to the market.
Negative Sentences: Subject + is/ am/ are not + verb (ing) + rest of the sentence.
It is not raining.
The children are not playing. They are studying.
Interrogative Sentence:
Are you going to see the doctor?
Is he sleeping?
Present continuous tense is also used to talk about future.
Example:
I am meeting Rosy this evening.
We are going to Spain for vacations.
Present Perfect Tense
It used to talk about the action that is complete or has ended. It is not mandatory
to mention the time of action.
We use has/ have followed by the past participle (third form of verb) to make
sentences in Present perfect tense.
Examples:
Affirmative Sentences: Subject + has/ have+ verb (third form) + rest of the
sentence.
I have seen this movie.
He has been to Europe twice.
Negative Sentences: Subject + has/ have not + verb (third form) + rest of the
sentence.
1hey haven'L reached home yeL.
Pe hasn'L closed Lhe shop yeL.
Interrogative Sentence:
Has she seen you?
What have you bought form the market?
Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
It is used to talk about the action which is taking place for some time and is still
happening. The duration of the action is usually mentioned here.
Examples:
Affirmative Sentences: Subject + has/ have + been+ verb (ing) + rest of the
sentence.
It has been raining since two hours.
The children have been playing for a long time.
Negative Sentences: Subject + has/ have not + been + verb (ing) + rest of the
sentence.
She has not been sleeping well.
I have not been taking the test.
Interrogative Sentence:
What have you been eating?
How long has she been waiting for you?