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BEFORE THE
IRANUNITED STATES CLAIMS TRIBUNAL
The Hague
The Netherlands
The Islamic Republic of Iran,
Claimant,
v.
Claim No
. A/30
United States of America,Full Tribunal
Respondent.
STATEMENT OF DEFENSE OF THE UNITED STATES
Sean D
. Murphy
Agent of the United States
Counsel:
Michael J. MathesonJeffrey D
. Kovar
 
BEFORE THE
IRANUNITED STATES CLAIMS TRIBUNAL
The Hague
The NetherlandsThe Islamic Republic of Iran,
Claimant,
v.
Claim No
. A/30
United States of America, Full TribunalRespondent.
STATEMENT OF DEFENSE OF THE UNITED STATES
On August 12, 1996, the Islamic Republic of Iran filed a
Statement of Claim (Doc
. 1) in a new interpretive dispute against
the United States, Case No . A/30, alleging that the United States
has violated its commitments under the Algiers Accords byinterfering in Iran's internal affairs and implementing economicsanctions against Iran
. Pursuant to the Tribunal's Order of
August 21, 1996 (Doc
. 3), and subsequent extension orders (Docs.
5, 9, and 12), the United States submits this Statement of
Defense.
1
In the event the Tribunal permits Iran to file furtherwritten statements or other materials in this case (Rules of
Procedure, Art
. 2223), the United States requests that the
Tribunal accord it the right to respond thereto
 
 2 -
I
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARYThe Government of Iran, which has a long record of usingterrorism and lethal force as an instrument of state policy, is
seeking a ruling from the Tribunal that the United States hasviolated the Algiers Accords by intervening in Iran's internalaffairs and enacting economic sanctions against it
. Iran asserts
that the United States has violated two obligations under theAlgiers Accords: the pledge in Paragraph 1 of the General
Declaration that it is and will be the policy of the United
States not to intervene in Iran's internal affairs, and the
requirement in Paragraph 10 of the General Declaration to revoke
all trade sanctions imposed in response to Iran's seizing the
U
.S
. Embassy and taking 52 American hostages on November 4, 1979.
This Statement of Defense will show that Iran's claim thatthe United States has violated the Algiers Accords is utterlywithout foundation
. It will demonstrate that the United States
has fully complied with its obligations, and that Iran presentsno evidence or legal authority to support its sweeping claims to
the contrary
. It will demonstrate that Paragraphs 1 and 10 were
never intended to insulate Iran from economic measures taken for
reasons unrelated to the events addressed in the Algiers Accords.
It will also establish that Iran's attempts to bring its claimunder customary international law, the Treaty of Amity, and theUnited Nations Charter are patently without merit
. It will go on
to show that under general principles of international law,
Iran's own unlawful international activities preclude it from
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