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Objectives
Network physical connection Basic computer components Network math and IP address concept
Information flow
OS
HDD
RAM
SHELL
RAM
IO
User Interface
When you select a network card, consider the following three factors:
Type of network Type of media Type of system bus
Modem
A modem, or modulatordemodulator, is a device that provides the computer with connectivity to a telephone line. The modem converts (modulates) the data from a digital signal to an analog signal that is compatible with a standard phone line.
Ping Command
ping 127.0.0.1 - This ping is unique and is called an internal loopback test. It verifies the operation of the TCP/IP stack and NIC transmit/receive function. ping IP address - A ping to a host PC verifies the TCP/IP address configuration for the local host and connectivity to the host.
Number Systems
Knowing what base someone refers to
Decimal uses 10 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Binary uses 2 digits: 0 and 1.
Base conventions
101 in base 2 is spoken as one zero one.
Binary numbers
Use principle of place value just as decimal numbers do
ASCII
The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) is the most commonly used code for representing alpha-numeric data in a computer.
Base 10 Numbers
Example
27 128 1
26 64 1
25 32 0
24 16 0
23 8 1
22 4 1
21 2 0
20 1 1
Hexadecimal
The base 16, or hexadecimal (hex), number system is used frequently when working with computers, because it can be used to represent binary numbers in a more readable form.
SubnetMask
A subnet mask will always be all 1s until the network address is identified and then be all 0s from there to the right most bit of the mask.
SubnetMask Example
Converting the IP address 10.34.23.134 to binary would result in:
00001010.00100010.00010111.10000110
Performing a Boolean AND of the IP address 10.34.23.134 and the subnet mask 255.240.0.0 produces the network address of this host:
00001010.00100010.00010111.10000110 10.34.23.134 (IP address) 11111111.11110000.00000000.00000000 255.240.0.0 (subnetmask) 00001010.00100000.00000000.00000000 10.32.0.0 (subnetwork address)
Address Example
IP address Subnetmask IP address: 10.34.23.134 255.0.0.0
00001010.00100010.00010111.10000110 = 10.34.23.134
Network address:
00001010.00000000.00000000.00000000 = 10.0.0.0
Broadcast address:
00001010.11111111. 11111111. 11111111=10.255.255.255
Summary
The physical connection that has to take place for a computer to connect to the Internet Network interface cards and/or modems Web browser selection and configuration The Base 2 number system Binary number conversion to decimal Representasion of IP addresses and network masks